Therapists in Tampa, FL

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Photo of Reginal A Wallace, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Reginal A Wallace
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33637
Struggling with addiction, anxiety, depression or anger control problems (especially boys and men)? Transitioning back into society? Need help with childhood trauma, ADHD, PTSD or a different mental health concern? If so, you are not alone. Professional assistance is available for you and/or your loved ones at an affordable cost. I specialize in addiction, reentry, anger management, depression and adjustment disorders. I provide individual, group and family therapy at Wallace Mental Health and Addiction Counseling and Tiny Little Jewels in Tampa and Winter Haven, Florida, in-person or via telehealth. We are LGBTQ friendly.
Struggling with addiction, anxiety, depression or anger control problems (especially boys and men)? Transitioning back into society? Need help with childhood trauma, ADHD, PTSD or a different mental health concern? If so, you are not alone. Professional assistance is available for you and/or your loved ones at an affordable cost. I specialize in addiction, reentry, anger management, depression and adjustment disorders. I provide individual, group and family therapy at Wallace Mental Health and Addiction Counseling and Tiny Little Jewels in Tampa and Winter Haven, Florida, in-person or via telehealth. We are LGBTQ friendly.
(813) 534-4656 View (813) 534-4656
Photo of Michelle L Petty, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Michelle L Petty
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33626  (Online Only)
Are you seeking reduction in feelings of distress, increased satisfaction in relationships, greater personal awareness and insight, and resolutions for specific problems? It's within your reach. With today's technology, counseling has never been more convenient. You get all the benefits of meeting with a counselor face-to-face without ever leaving your home. I offer HIPAA-compliant and secure video sessions. You don't have to worry about traffic and you can even access counseling while traveling. Video sessions can accommodate couples and families who live in different cities. I work with clients who live throughout Florida.
Are you seeking reduction in feelings of distress, increased satisfaction in relationships, greater personal awareness and insight, and resolutions for specific problems? It's within your reach. With today's technology, counseling has never been more convenient. You get all the benefits of meeting with a counselor face-to-face without ever leaving your home. I offer HIPAA-compliant and secure video sessions. You don't have to worry about traffic and you can even access counseling while traveling. Video sessions can accommodate couples and families who live in different cities. I work with clients who live throughout Florida.
(727) 914-2871 View (727) 914-2871
Photo of Cliff Hoberman (Accepting New Clients), Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Cliff Hoberman (Accepting New Clients)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33647  (Online Only)
Are you facing challenges, feeling alone, fearful, anxious, grief, anger, or stuck? I can help you figure out how to better manage your thoughts and feelings. Through our partnership, you will further develop your strengths and enhance your skills to overcome barriers, find solutions and have more awareness, motivation, acceptance, peace, love and acceptance of yourself and others. I have acquired wisdom, compassion and love for self and others throughout my life. I have learned to leverage my knowledge and skills to help others become one’s best self with the awareness, knowledge, and courage to meet the challenges of one’s life.
Are you facing challenges, feeling alone, fearful, anxious, grief, anger, or stuck? I can help you figure out how to better manage your thoughts and feelings. Through our partnership, you will further develop your strengths and enhance your skills to overcome barriers, find solutions and have more awareness, motivation, acceptance, peace, love and acceptance of yourself and others. I have acquired wisdom, compassion and love for self and others throughout my life. I have learned to leverage my knowledge and skills to help others become one’s best self with the awareness, knowledge, and courage to meet the challenges of one’s life.
(941) 400-6277 View (941) 400-6277
Photo of Nicole Angel, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Nicole Angel
Counselor, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602
I am a passionate advocate for relationships, families and marriages. I work to provide trauma-informed services, high-quality solutions, and relationship mending. I also focus on social-emotional regulation concerns and addressing pressing issues to heal, support, and grow.
I am a passionate advocate for relationships, families and marriages. I work to provide trauma-informed services, high-quality solutions, and relationship mending. I also focus on social-emotional regulation concerns and addressing pressing issues to heal, support, and grow.
(813) 669-7476 View (813) 669-7476
Photo of Paola Andrea Holguin, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Paola Andrea Holguin
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33615
Do you feel disconnected from yourself? Do you want to improve your relationships, or wish to enjoy parenting? Do you wonder if life should feel "different"? Things happen that push us out of our comfort zone, let’s face it! . Whether you're facing challenges, seeking personal growth, or navigating relationships, you don’t need to figure it out on your own.
Do you feel disconnected from yourself? Do you want to improve your relationships, or wish to enjoy parenting? Do you wonder if life should feel "different"? Things happen that push us out of our comfort zone, let’s face it! . Whether you're facing challenges, seeking personal growth, or navigating relationships, you don’t need to figure it out on your own.
(813) 328-6574 View (813) 328-6574
Photo of Hannah Smith, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tampa, FL
Hannah Smith
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33612
In the world of mental health, trust is more than a word; it's the foundation of healing and growth. I embrace the privilege of guiding individuals through life's complex challenges. With an integrative approach tailored to each unique soul, my mission goes beyond therapy; it's a pursuit of transformation, grounded in empathy and a profound belief in human potential.
In the world of mental health, trust is more than a word; it's the foundation of healing and growth. I embrace the privilege of guiding individuals through life's complex challenges. With an integrative approach tailored to each unique soul, my mission goes beyond therapy; it's a pursuit of transformation, grounded in empathy and a profound belief in human potential.
(813) 308-0598 View (813) 308-0598
Photo of Melody Granzow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Melody Granzow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33606
Life often brings us unexpected changes, hardships, and challenges. Even positive changes like an addition to the family, a big move, or a new career opportunity can trigger intense stress while adjusting to a new normal. Navigating these stressors in your life, whether past or present, may seem difficult and negatively impact how you want to function and feel.
Life often brings us unexpected changes, hardships, and challenges. Even positive changes like an addition to the family, a big move, or a new career opportunity can trigger intense stress while adjusting to a new normal. Navigating these stressors in your life, whether past or present, may seem difficult and negatively impact how you want to function and feel.
(316) 666-1745 View (316) 666-1745
Photo of Dewona Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Dewona Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602  (Online Only)
I believe in a holistic social work approach by offering personalized and collaborative support. Therapy approaches offered are Mindfulness, Solution Focused, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. My aim is to offer a tranquil, reassuring, and secure environment where individuals can embark on a journey of healing and personal development.
I believe in a holistic social work approach by offering personalized and collaborative support. Therapy approaches offered are Mindfulness, Solution Focused, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. My aim is to offer a tranquil, reassuring, and secure environment where individuals can embark on a journey of healing and personal development.
(727) 496-5844 x1 View (727) 496-5844 x1
Photo of Rachel Sobiech, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Rachel Sobiech
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MCAP
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33607  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Rachel, a queer, able-bodied, white person, I have the honor and privilege to work with you. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker whom specializes in gender & sexuality, trauma healing utilizing EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing), as well as addiction recovery, working with adolescents and adults. Coming out, transitioning, and discovering who you are may be a difficult process on its own. On top of having fear of or experiencing discrimination, harassment, prejudice, denial of rights, or family rejection. Let an unbiased expert walk with you every step of the way.
Hello! My name is Rachel, a queer, able-bodied, white person, I have the honor and privilege to work with you. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker whom specializes in gender & sexuality, trauma healing utilizing EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing), as well as addiction recovery, working with adolescents and adults. Coming out, transitioning, and discovering who you are may be a difficult process on its own. On top of having fear of or experiencing discrimination, harassment, prejudice, denial of rights, or family rejection. Let an unbiased expert walk with you every step of the way.
(727) 337-7656 View (727) 337-7656
Photo of Maydean Yates, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Maydean Yates
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LISW, MCAP, CRRA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33609
Are you struggling with anxiety and stress that seem unmanageable? Do you worry more about others than yourself? Are you or the people in your life concerned about your substance use or other addictive behaviors? Are you in recovery and still believe something is missing? Or perhaps past trauma is impacted your life today. If you are struggling to overcome barriers to having a fulfilling life , I can help!
Are you struggling with anxiety and stress that seem unmanageable? Do you worry more about others than yourself? Are you or the people in your life concerned about your substance use or other addictive behaviors? Are you in recovery and still believe something is missing? Or perhaps past trauma is impacted your life today. If you are struggling to overcome barriers to having a fulfilling life , I can help!
(813) 212-3111 View (813) 212-3111
Photo of Felicia Alphonse in Tampa, FL
Felicia Alphonse
MS, PMHC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33613
"Open your eyes, look within. Are you satisfied with the life you are living?" - Bob Marley Sometimes we find ourselves seeking help and support when life hands us a path we aren't prepared to deal with. I believe that understanding and exploring the authentic self is essential in overcoming many complex struggles. I work to help uncover what my clients basic truth is, and in doing so work with anxiety, depression, stress, anger management, premarital, marriage, relationships, grief, women's issues, sex & love addictions, betrayal and low self-esteem. I am a Christian Counselor here to help you feel supported and encourage you.
"Open your eyes, look within. Are you satisfied with the life you are living?" - Bob Marley Sometimes we find ourselves seeking help and support when life hands us a path we aren't prepared to deal with. I believe that understanding and exploring the authentic self is essential in overcoming many complex struggles. I work to help uncover what my clients basic truth is, and in doing so work with anxiety, depression, stress, anger management, premarital, marriage, relationships, grief, women's issues, sex & love addictions, betrayal and low self-esteem. I am a Christian Counselor here to help you feel supported and encourage you.
(813) 413-4231 View (813) 413-4231
Photo of Kiana Gadson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Kiana Gadson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33619
As a Christian Therapist, I believe that people do therapy to find freedom in different areas of their lives. For that reason, I work to not only actively listen to clients' needs but also to empower and support them in processing the various barriers they've experienced to impede living in that place of freedom.
As a Christian Therapist, I believe that people do therapy to find freedom in different areas of their lives. For that reason, I work to not only actively listen to clients' needs but also to empower and support them in processing the various barriers they've experienced to impede living in that place of freedom.
(813) 669-7072 View (813) 669-7072
Photo of John Hendershot, Psychologist in Tampa, FL
John Hendershot
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33618
Therapy can help you enhance your awareness of how your unrealistic or negative beliefs and thinking patterns about yourself and others undermine the quality of your life. Therapy can help you change those dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs. These changes in thinking will go hand-in-hand with improvements in your moods, decisions, quality of your relationships, and the quality of your life. Therapy can help you overcome grief and loss, navigate major changes and life stages, enhance motivation, improve coping skills for dealing with stress, anxiety, and fear, and learn to deal with anger, rage, frustration, and disappointment more constructively.
Therapy can help you enhance your awareness of how your unrealistic or negative beliefs and thinking patterns about yourself and others undermine the quality of your life. Therapy can help you change those dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs. These changes in thinking will go hand-in-hand with improvements in your moods, decisions, quality of your relationships, and the quality of your life. Therapy can help you overcome grief and loss, navigate major changes and life stages, enhance motivation, improve coping skills for dealing with stress, anxiety, and fear, and learn to deal with anger, rage, frustration, and disappointment more constructively.
(813) 265-4811 View (813) 265-4811
Photo of Olivera Petrovich, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Olivera Petrovich
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33602
Not accepting new clients
Do the memories of the past continue to haunt you in your present life? Is your mind and body in a constant state of fight-or-flight, leaving you feeling exhausted or empty? Are you ready to start the process of healing but unsure of where to begin? If so, I welcome you to my page so that you can explore if I am the right guide for your unique healing journey! Grounded in holistic principles and trauma-informed practices, my approach blends compassionate care with evidence-based techniques to help you heal from the wounds of the past and step into the version of yourself you always deserved to be.
Do the memories of the past continue to haunt you in your present life? Is your mind and body in a constant state of fight-or-flight, leaving you feeling exhausted or empty? Are you ready to start the process of healing but unsure of where to begin? If so, I welcome you to my page so that you can explore if I am the right guide for your unique healing journey! Grounded in holistic principles and trauma-informed practices, my approach blends compassionate care with evidence-based techniques to help you heal from the wounds of the past and step into the version of yourself you always deserved to be.
(813) 296-5963 View (813) 296-5963
Photo of Lianna Malawski, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tampa, FL
Lianna Malawski
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33618
Lianna specializes in working with adults, young adults and adolescents. Lianna obtained her Master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling with a specialty in Sport Psychology from Boston University in 2022 after earning a Bachelor’s degree in Psychology minoring in Exercise Science and Sports Performance and Coaching from Appalachian State University. Lianna is passionate about working with athletes and though she has a wide range of knowledge, she is particularly skilled and knowledgable in the unique challenges athletes face.
Lianna specializes in working with adults, young adults and adolescents. Lianna obtained her Master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling with a specialty in Sport Psychology from Boston University in 2022 after earning a Bachelor’s degree in Psychology minoring in Exercise Science and Sports Performance and Coaching from Appalachian State University. Lianna is passionate about working with athletes and though she has a wide range of knowledge, she is particularly skilled and knowledgable in the unique challenges athletes face.
(813) 607-4277 View (813) 607-4277
Photo of Karine Spiess, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Karine Spiess
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602  (Online Only)
Karine Spiess provides a safe and nurturing environment that allows you to explore your most authentic self. Her approach is a blend of evidence-based therapies and her own unique ability to genuinely connect with clients and accurately understand their thought processes. She has found this to be the most powerful method to achieve long-term mental health.
Karine Spiess provides a safe and nurturing environment that allows you to explore your most authentic self. Her approach is a blend of evidence-based therapies and her own unique ability to genuinely connect with clients and accurately understand their thought processes. She has found this to be the most powerful method to achieve long-term mental health.
(813) 543-8332 View (813) 543-8332
Photo of Danielle Mercuri, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Danielle Mercuri
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33604
"The best way out is through." Robert Frost....Congratulations in taking your first step towards your journey of healing! I am an empathic, creative, eclectic facilitator of healing with a strong foundation in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I am a Certified Traumatologist, certified in Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), and a Certified Hypnotherapist. As a seasoned Licensed Clinical Social Worker/Psychotherapist, I specialize in the treatment of adults and children who are motivated to move through depression, suicidal ideation, self-esteem work, anxiety, grief/loss, relational discord, PTSD, domestic violence, and sexual abuse.
"The best way out is through." Robert Frost....Congratulations in taking your first step towards your journey of healing! I am an empathic, creative, eclectic facilitator of healing with a strong foundation in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I am a Certified Traumatologist, certified in Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), and a Certified Hypnotherapist. As a seasoned Licensed Clinical Social Worker/Psychotherapist, I specialize in the treatment of adults and children who are motivated to move through depression, suicidal ideation, self-esteem work, anxiety, grief/loss, relational discord, PTSD, domestic violence, and sexual abuse.
(727) 897-5899 View (727) 897-5899
Photo of Karli Gallo, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Karli Gallo
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33618
If there is a change you’d like to make and need someone to listen and provide the support you need to take action, I am here for you. I work with college students, young adults, and adults. I have experience working with those who suffer from trauma, depression, anxiety, eating disorders, grief, relationship conflicts, and spirituality concerns. It is important to me that college students and young adults have access to high quality mental health care, as I was once a student who benefited from therapy. I would love to help you gain insight into the source of your struggles and learn skills to reduce distress from them.
If there is a change you’d like to make and need someone to listen and provide the support you need to take action, I am here for you. I work with college students, young adults, and adults. I have experience working with those who suffer from trauma, depression, anxiety, eating disorders, grief, relationship conflicts, and spirituality concerns. It is important to me that college students and young adults have access to high quality mental health care, as I was once a student who benefited from therapy. I would love to help you gain insight into the source of your struggles and learn skills to reduce distress from them.
(954) 379-8436 View (954) 379-8436
Photo of Gwen Hanner Counseling & Hypnotherapy, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Gwen Hanner Counseling & Hypnotherapy
Counselor, LMHC, CHT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33604
My ideal clients have tried traditional talk therapy but are still experiencing emotional or mental blocks that stand in their way of feeling empowered to attain important life goals. I specialize in assisting individuals in releasing old, unhealthy beliefs, behaviors and sensations that continue to run unconscious patterns and habituated programs. My major modalities of treatment are Advanced Clinical Hypnotherapy, EMDR, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Mindfulness Meditation Training. All of these modalities are highly effective and also work wonderfully with online sessions.
My ideal clients have tried traditional talk therapy but are still experiencing emotional or mental blocks that stand in their way of feeling empowered to attain important life goals. I specialize in assisting individuals in releasing old, unhealthy beliefs, behaviors and sensations that continue to run unconscious patterns and habituated programs. My major modalities of treatment are Advanced Clinical Hypnotherapy, EMDR, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Mindfulness Meditation Training. All of these modalities are highly effective and also work wonderfully with online sessions.
(813) 435-3044 View (813) 435-3044
Photo of Rance L Harbor in Tampa, FL
Rance L Harbor
PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33618
I specialize in the assessment and treatment of behavioral, emotional, and learning disorders with children, adolescents and college students. Using the Response to Intervention (RtI) model I provide Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help individuals overcome their difficulities at school, home, and in the community. During the past 20 years I have developed and administered Cognitive-Behavioral interventions that have helped elementary, middle and high school students, and college students overcome issues related to anxiety, depression, ADD/ADHD/Executive Function, learning, and social skills.
I specialize in the assessment and treatment of behavioral, emotional, and learning disorders with children, adolescents and college students. Using the Response to Intervention (RtI) model I provide Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help individuals overcome their difficulities at school, home, and in the community. During the past 20 years I have developed and administered Cognitive-Behavioral interventions that have helped elementary, middle and high school students, and college students overcome issues related to anxiety, depression, ADD/ADHD/Executive Function, learning, and social skills.
(813) 701-2138 View (813) 701-2138

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tampa, FL

2,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Tampa, FL who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
74% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
71% Coping Skills
69% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
80% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
77% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Tampa, FL see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tampa?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.