Therapists in Saint Augustine, FL

Photo of Melissa Vollhardt, LMFT, Registered Play Therapist, Marriage & Family Therapist in Saint Augustine, FL
Melissa Vollhardt, LMFT, Registered Play Therapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, RPT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32086
Navigating parenthood can be hard & sometimes we need extra support. If you are feeling overwhelmed or watching your child struggle with things such as anxiety, fear, anger, big emotions, tantrums, big transitions, & difficult behaviors, you’ve come to the right place. I work with children of all ages & their grown-ups, utilizing a collaborative play-based approach to healing. I am passionate about family work & utilizing the therapeutic powers of play to help children naturally work through their problems. Play is the “language” in which children communicate in a non-threatening way. Just as adults "talk" it out, children play.
Navigating parenthood can be hard & sometimes we need extra support. If you are feeling overwhelmed or watching your child struggle with things such as anxiety, fear, anger, big emotions, tantrums, big transitions, & difficult behaviors, you’ve come to the right place. I work with children of all ages & their grown-ups, utilizing a collaborative play-based approach to healing. I am passionate about family work & utilizing the therapeutic powers of play to help children naturally work through their problems. Play is the “language” in which children communicate in a non-threatening way. Just as adults "talk" it out, children play.
(904) 567-3865 View (904) 567-3865
Photo of Tami Lynn Le Baron in Saint Augustine, FL
Tami Lynn Le Baron
M Ed
Verified Verified
Saint Augustine, FL 32086
As an Academic Success Coach, and Life Coach, I work with students in middle school, high school, and in college. I take the time to get to know each individual so that I can better understand what their needs are and then collaborate with them to develop a support plan to address those needs. I strive to support student success through strengthening executive functioning skills such as: organization, time management, goal setting, prioritizing, task management, self-advocacy, and accountability. Through individual and/or group sessions, I work with students to strengthen these skills to be more successful in school and in life.
As an Academic Success Coach, and Life Coach, I work with students in middle school, high school, and in college. I take the time to get to know each individual so that I can better understand what their needs are and then collaborate with them to develop a support plan to address those needs. I strive to support student success through strengthening executive functioning skills such as: organization, time management, goal setting, prioritizing, task management, self-advocacy, and accountability. Through individual and/or group sessions, I work with students to strengthen these skills to be more successful in school and in life.
(904) 530-2980 View (904) 530-2980
Photo of Amanda Barnes, Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern in Saint Augustine, FL
Amanda Barnes
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32086
I specialize in family issues, anxiety, and life changes. I have worked in a variety of setting; schools with IEPs, schools in low income areas, community mental health, and private practice. I graduated with a degree in Clinical Mental Health specializing in Children and Adolescents from Lewis University in Illinois.
I specialize in family issues, anxiety, and life changes. I have worked in a variety of setting; schools with IEPs, schools in low income areas, community mental health, and private practice. I graduated with a degree in Clinical Mental Health specializing in Children and Adolescents from Lewis University in Illinois.
(904) 675-0552 View (904) 675-0552
Photo of Jaime Hoyman, Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern in Saint Augustine, FL
Jaime Hoyman
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern
Verified Verified
Saint Augustine, FL 32086
I have helped clients struggling with anxiety, depression, grief and more. With children and adolescents, I incorporate play into the therapy sessions. I work collaboratively with adults and tailor sessions and interventions to their needs, incorporating activities, journaling, reading, and mindfulness as needed.
I have helped clients struggling with anxiety, depression, grief and more. With children and adolescents, I incorporate play into the therapy sessions. I work collaboratively with adults and tailor sessions and interventions to their needs, incorporating activities, journaling, reading, and mindfulness as needed.
(904) 977-2349 View (904) 977-2349
Photo of Kelley Holladay, Counselor in Saint Augustine, FL
Kelley Holladay
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, LPCC, MAC, CCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32080
Waitlist for new clients
With more than 10 years of experience, I have learned severe emotional trauma occurs if trauma is long-standing, repeated, or targets an individual’s self-worth. Self-compassion is the ability to forgo self-blame in order to forgive oneself for imperfections, as well as natural and honest reactions to traumatic events. Self-compassion has been shown to decrease mental health symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depression, shame) related to trauma, and increase positive psychological traits (happiness, joy). I utilize this approach alongside existential questions related to substance use, career choice, family issues, self-worth, and trauma.
With more than 10 years of experience, I have learned severe emotional trauma occurs if trauma is long-standing, repeated, or targets an individual’s self-worth. Self-compassion is the ability to forgo self-blame in order to forgive oneself for imperfections, as well as natural and honest reactions to traumatic events. Self-compassion has been shown to decrease mental health symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depression, shame) related to trauma, and increase positive psychological traits (happiness, joy). I utilize this approach alongside existential questions related to substance use, career choice, family issues, self-worth, and trauma.
(904) 395-4577 View (904) 395-4577
Photo of Abby Mury, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Augustine, FL
Abby Mury
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32080
The healing process can seem like a long and painful journey. Having an experienced professional can make all the difference. I'm a trauma trained, licensed therapist who takes a non-judgmental and empathetic approach to the therapeutic process. I use tools such as EMDR, meditation, and somatic processing to help clients release the past and relieve the mind and body from emotional suffering. I believe that addressing the root causes of problems can help alleviate many mental health symptoms and lead to a more connected and fulfilling life.
The healing process can seem like a long and painful journey. Having an experienced professional can make all the difference. I'm a trauma trained, licensed therapist who takes a non-judgmental and empathetic approach to the therapeutic process. I use tools such as EMDR, meditation, and somatic processing to help clients release the past and relieve the mind and body from emotional suffering. I believe that addressing the root causes of problems can help alleviate many mental health symptoms and lead to a more connected and fulfilling life.
(561) 903-4676 View (561) 903-4676
Photo of Samantha L Corley, Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern in Saint Augustine, FL
Samantha L Corley
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, RLMHCI, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32095
Desiring to create something new yet feeling the weight of life’s burdens and brokenness? Whether it’s the pain of your past, broken pieces of relationships or fear that leaves you struggling in life there is a path to new growth where your life can begin to flourish. I believe that happens when you start to recognize your unhealthy behaviors and seek to find new ways of living. Meeting with a counselor can provide a place to find healing and develop healthy coping skills. Your environment plays an important role in that process. Counseling can offer a safe place to begin your journey towards new growth.
Desiring to create something new yet feeling the weight of life’s burdens and brokenness? Whether it’s the pain of your past, broken pieces of relationships or fear that leaves you struggling in life there is a path to new growth where your life can begin to flourish. I believe that happens when you start to recognize your unhealthy behaviors and seek to find new ways of living. Meeting with a counselor can provide a place to find healing and develop healthy coping skills. Your environment plays an important role in that process. Counseling can offer a safe place to begin your journey towards new growth.
(904) 209-9243 View (904) 209-9243
Photo of 1up Counseling Services, Counselor in Saint Augustine, FL
1up Counseling Services
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Saint Augustine, FL 32086  (Online Only)
So, why 1up? It might seem rather playful in nature, but we take your health and emotional well-being seriously. We wanted something familiar and unique that people who are seeking support might identify with. You may recognize “1up” as an arcade or video game identifier for Player 1 or achieving an extra turn. We feel that therapy can be an opportunity for anyone to have an extra turn and by taking the first step toward working on yourself. Our goal is to provide quality mental health counseling to those who need it. We are a telehealth practice based in Florida, providing all therapy sessions via online, secure video software.
So, why 1up? It might seem rather playful in nature, but we take your health and emotional well-being seriously. We wanted something familiar and unique that people who are seeking support might identify with. You may recognize “1up” as an arcade or video game identifier for Player 1 or achieving an extra turn. We feel that therapy can be an opportunity for anyone to have an extra turn and by taking the first step toward working on yourself. Our goal is to provide quality mental health counseling to those who need it. We are a telehealth practice based in Florida, providing all therapy sessions via online, secure video software.
(904) 320-2383 View (904) 320-2383
Photo of Amanda Arciero, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Augustine, FL
Amanda Arciero
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32080  (Online Only)
I'm Amanda, and I help deep feeling, introspective, and motivated adults and teens become aware of the root causes of their patterns of behavior. You’re frustrated by doing everything you "should" be doing and realizing that fulfillment you were promised is nowhere to be found. You’ve taken the “right” steps in life, but you're depleted, and wondering how you can feel so bad when you've done it all right. You may see yourself as obsessive, self-critical, and deeply flawed despite your achievements and successes. You want to feel relief, and to be able to appreciate the life you’ve built for yourself.
I'm Amanda, and I help deep feeling, introspective, and motivated adults and teens become aware of the root causes of their patterns of behavior. You’re frustrated by doing everything you "should" be doing and realizing that fulfillment you were promised is nowhere to be found. You’ve taken the “right” steps in life, but you're depleted, and wondering how you can feel so bad when you've done it all right. You may see yourself as obsessive, self-critical, and deeply flawed despite your achievements and successes. You want to feel relief, and to be able to appreciate the life you’ve built for yourself.
(904) 595-9460 View (904) 595-9460
Photo of Elaine S Sadkowski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Augustine, FL
Elaine S Sadkowski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RPT-S
Verified Verified
Saint Augustine, FL 32092  (Online Only)
Thank you for viewing my website. Moving from Brevard County, I am privileged to serve clients throughout the State of FLorida from within Jacksonville and St. John's County. My experience spans over 45 years of combined psychotherapy practice in NJ, CA, and FL. With specialized training and certification in best practice models, I use CBT, EMDR, IFS, ACT, and other mindfulness therapies. My Couple's training includes being knowledgable in the use of the most highly respected EFCT, Gottman, & Imago Therapy models. All sessions are comfortably and securely conducted online with www.Doxyme.com. Best regards to you.
Thank you for viewing my website. Moving from Brevard County, I am privileged to serve clients throughout the State of FLorida from within Jacksonville and St. John's County. My experience spans over 45 years of combined psychotherapy practice in NJ, CA, and FL. With specialized training and certification in best practice models, I use CBT, EMDR, IFS, ACT, and other mindfulness therapies. My Couple's training includes being knowledgable in the use of the most highly respected EFCT, Gottman, & Imago Therapy models. All sessions are comfortably and securely conducted online with www.Doxyme.com. Best regards to you.
(321) 233-0175 View (321) 233-0175
Photo of Wendy H Davis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Augustine, FL
Wendy H Davis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Augustine, FL 32092
I would like to help you or your family member address issues that may be causing emotional and mental distress. My goal is to provide a safe, comfortable and confidential setting where you can restore a sense of balance and create a more fulfilling life.
I would like to help you or your family member address issues that may be causing emotional and mental distress. My goal is to provide a safe, comfortable and confidential setting where you can restore a sense of balance and create a more fulfilling life.
(904) 569-7513 View (904) 569-7513
Photo of Caige McAuliffe, Counselor in Saint Augustine, FL
Caige McAuliffe
Counselor, LMHC, AAT-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32084
Caige graduated with a bachelors degree from Flagler College in St. Augustine FL, majoring in Psychology and Criminology. He then obtained his Masters degree from the University of North Florida in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. He also holds a certification in Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT-C). During his AAT-C training he was exposed to incorporating dogs and horses into therapeutic partnerships.
Caige graduated with a bachelors degree from Flagler College in St. Augustine FL, majoring in Psychology and Criminology. He then obtained his Masters degree from the University of North Florida in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. He also holds a certification in Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT-C). During his AAT-C training he was exposed to incorporating dogs and horses into therapeutic partnerships.
(904) 875-8283 View (904) 875-8283
Photo of Sarah Luster, Counselor in Saint Augustine, FL
Sarah Luster
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Saint Augustine, FL 32080  (Online Only)
I help clients overcome obstacles, heal wounds, and find their joy. Life is too short to be unhappy, unsure, or unfulfilled. I am your co-pilot and together we use your strengths, build insight and find the amazing person that has been you this whole time!
I help clients overcome obstacles, heal wounds, and find their joy. Life is too short to be unhappy, unsure, or unfulfilled. I am your co-pilot and together we use your strengths, build insight and find the amazing person that has been you this whole time!
(407) 559-4945 View (407) 559-4945
Photo of Suzanne Anderson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Saint Augustine, FL
Suzanne Anderson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT-S
Verified Verified
Saint Augustine, FL 32084  (Online Only)
Life can seem difficult when you feel like you are traveling alone. Whether you you are experiencing the normal stress of daily life or you have faced a traumatic event in your life, my goal is to partner with you in moving towards health and healing. My approach is client centered and solution-focused to empower my clients to heal and to achieve their goals. I have extensive experience and training in treating trauma and other common co-occurring symptoms including grief, anxiety and depression.
Life can seem difficult when you feel like you are traveling alone. Whether you you are experiencing the normal stress of daily life or you have faced a traumatic event in your life, my goal is to partner with you in moving towards health and healing. My approach is client centered and solution-focused to empower my clients to heal and to achieve their goals. I have extensive experience and training in treating trauma and other common co-occurring symptoms including grief, anxiety and depression.
(972) 905-4384 View (972) 905-4384
Photo of Justin Dement- A Safe Port Counseling LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Augustine, FL
Justin Dement- A Safe Port Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Augustine, FL 32080
Life can be overwhelming at times. There are often moments of despair and feelings that others simply just don't "get it". Whether you are dealing with grief and loss or navigating situations or relationships that are increasing your anxiety or negatively impacting your self-esteem, I can assist you by helping you first identify strengths and then help you face challenges head-on, at your own pace. In my practice I partner with my clients to reach their goals through open, non-judgmental counseling. Deciding to begin therapy can be a bit scary at times, but you can be proud of yourself for taking the first step!
Life can be overwhelming at times. There are often moments of despair and feelings that others simply just don't "get it". Whether you are dealing with grief and loss or navigating situations or relationships that are increasing your anxiety or negatively impacting your self-esteem, I can assist you by helping you first identify strengths and then help you face challenges head-on, at your own pace. In my practice I partner with my clients to reach their goals through open, non-judgmental counseling. Deciding to begin therapy can be a bit scary at times, but you can be proud of yourself for taking the first step!
(904) 664-1061 View (904) 664-1061
Photo of Jackie Werboff-Thurston, Counselor in Saint Augustine, FL
Jackie Werboff-Thurston
Counselor, MA, LMHC, PMH-C, QS MHC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32086
Currently welcoming new clients with same week availability for scheduling. I help clients heal from trauma, adverse childhood experiences and perinatal stress. Trauma can look like unresolved event-based trauma (shock trauma) as well as attachment and relational wounding (developmental trauma) that manifest in various forms of emotional distress. The resolution of unresolved wounding is important in the healing process because such wounds keep us disconnected from ourselves and repeating the same unhealthy patterns in relationships, family systems and professional roles. I am also a Qualified Supervisor for MHC Registered Interns.
Currently welcoming new clients with same week availability for scheduling. I help clients heal from trauma, adverse childhood experiences and perinatal stress. Trauma can look like unresolved event-based trauma (shock trauma) as well as attachment and relational wounding (developmental trauma) that manifest in various forms of emotional distress. The resolution of unresolved wounding is important in the healing process because such wounds keep us disconnected from ourselves and repeating the same unhealthy patterns in relationships, family systems and professional roles. I am also a Qualified Supervisor for MHC Registered Interns.
(904) 606-1494 View (904) 606-1494
Photo of Samantha Hodges, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Augustine, FL
Samantha Hodges
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, ESMHL
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32092
Are you looking for a unique way to reduce stress and anxiety? Are you ready to rediscover your strengths and learn new ways of coping? Or are you looking for someone to help guide & support you through some of life's transitions that might be causing distance in your relationships? Allow me to introduce you to a different way of being in the natural world to grow and heal.
Are you looking for a unique way to reduce stress and anxiety? Are you ready to rediscover your strengths and learn new ways of coping? Or are you looking for someone to help guide & support you through some of life's transitions that might be causing distance in your relationships? Allow me to introduce you to a different way of being in the natural world to grow and heal.
(904) 650-5577 View (904) 650-5577
Photo of Tena Thomas, Counselor in Saint Augustine, FL
Tena Thomas
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32080  (Online Only)
Has fighting with emotions, planning your day around triggers, or feeling distracted and overstimulated become part of your everyday life? Maybe it feels like you can't quite get things right and you're searching for a deeper understanding of what's holding you back. It can be difficult to keep moving, especially when you have frequent symptoms. In our sessions, we will dive deep to uncover the messages you have absorbed from other people and give your inner child some love. We will laugh, cry, and learn together, all while guiding you towards healing.
Has fighting with emotions, planning your day around triggers, or feeling distracted and overstimulated become part of your everyday life? Maybe it feels like you can't quite get things right and you're searching for a deeper understanding of what's holding you back. It can be difficult to keep moving, especially when you have frequent symptoms. In our sessions, we will dive deep to uncover the messages you have absorbed from other people and give your inner child some love. We will laugh, cry, and learn together, all while guiding you towards healing.
(505) 392-5388 View (505) 392-5388
Photo of Jessica Beal, Counselor in Saint Augustine, FL
Jessica Beal
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Augustine, FL 32084  (Online Only)
When you start to notice that you aren't feeling well or your mental health isn't where you would like for it to be, it can be hard to figure out which direction to go in or what will help. It can feel overwhelming to share your story with someone new and to dig further into the things that you may be avoiding. It can help to work with a therapist that considers these feelings and works with you at a comfortable pace. My approach is to focus on the quality of the relationship I have with my clients in a positive and conversational way while also taking the time to understand their experiences and perspective.
When you start to notice that you aren't feeling well or your mental health isn't where you would like for it to be, it can be hard to figure out which direction to go in or what will help. It can feel overwhelming to share your story with someone new and to dig further into the things that you may be avoiding. It can help to work with a therapist that considers these feelings and works with you at a comfortable pace. My approach is to focus on the quality of the relationship I have with my clients in a positive and conversational way while also taking the time to understand their experiences and perspective.
(904) 204-1327 View (904) 204-1327
Photo of Kristin Christopher, Counselor in Saint Augustine, FL
Kristin Christopher
Counselor, RCMHI
Verified Verified
Saint Augustine, FL 32086
Wow, Life is like a roller coaster with its ups and downs, anticipation and relief and all the in between. We even experience the same ride differently depending where we are sitting. I am ready to help you find the exhilaration in the ride of life through rediscovering who you are and possibly who you want to be going forward. If you are struggling with a physical disability and navigating the world, making a transition in life, worried about your children's experiences and parenting them through with success, then I can support you along the way. .
Wow, Life is like a roller coaster with its ups and downs, anticipation and relief and all the in between. We even experience the same ride differently depending where we are sitting. I am ready to help you find the exhilaration in the ride of life through rediscovering who you are and possibly who you want to be going forward. If you are struggling with a physical disability and navigating the world, making a transition in life, worried about your children's experiences and parenting them through with success, then I can support you along the way. .
(904) 901-9241 View (904) 901-9241

See more therapy options for Saint Augustine

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Augustine, FL

200+

Average cost per session

$132

Therapists in Saint Augustine, FL who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
85% Depression
82% Self Esteem
77% Coping Skills
76% Relationship Issues
74% Stress
73% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
66% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Saint Augustine, FL see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

87% Female
13% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Augustine?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.