Therapists in Culver City, CA

Photo of Nicole Pascavis, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Culver City, CA
Nicole Pascavis
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90230
I work with adults, children, couples, and families confronting a wide range of mental, emotional, spiritual, and relational challenges. These can range from major symptom and conflict management to a desire for greater meaning, balance, self-love, and mental clarity. Some goals we build toward together may include: self-understanding and a sense of wholeness; helping you become your own best ally in health and life; healthy relationships and support systems; improved self-esteem; identifying and communicating needs and feelings effectively; and greater creativity and empowerment in crafting your own life and story.
I work with adults, children, couples, and families confronting a wide range of mental, emotional, spiritual, and relational challenges. These can range from major symptom and conflict management to a desire for greater meaning, balance, self-love, and mental clarity. Some goals we build toward together may include: self-understanding and a sense of wholeness; helping you become your own best ally in health and life; healthy relationships and support systems; improved self-esteem; identifying and communicating needs and feelings effectively; and greater creativity and empowerment in crafting your own life and story.
(323) 210-3760 View (323) 210-3760
Photo of Alicia Brandt, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Alicia Brandt
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90066
Are you feeling stuck? Are you questioning retirement, looking for a "third act" in your life? Is your relationship stagnant or in crisis? Have you ended one addiction, only to have another pop up? Are you the adult child of a narcissist and having issues with relationships and career?Are you a partner or parent of an addict or person in recovery?Are you ready for change?
Are you feeling stuck? Are you questioning retirement, looking for a "third act" in your life? Is your relationship stagnant or in crisis? Have you ended one addiction, only to have another pop up? Are you the adult child of a narcissist and having issues with relationships and career?Are you a partner or parent of an addict or person in recovery?Are you ready for change?
(323) 870-8228 View (323) 870-8228
Photo of Susan Kaufman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Susan Kaufman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90232  (Online Only)
In addition to providing parenting support, I work with individuals encountering a variety of life challenges such as anxiety, relational issues, work stress, loneliness and depression. I also work with couples looking to repair ruptures, rekindle connection, improve communication and/or work on parenting issues. I have a background in meditation and mindfulness. It informs my practice and I often use it as modality to assist clients whether working with anxiety or parenting or other relational issues.
In addition to providing parenting support, I work with individuals encountering a variety of life challenges such as anxiety, relational issues, work stress, loneliness and depression. I also work with couples looking to repair ruptures, rekindle connection, improve communication and/or work on parenting issues. I have a background in meditation and mindfulness. It informs my practice and I often use it as modality to assist clients whether working with anxiety or parenting or other relational issues.
(951) 783-2452 View (951) 783-2452
Photo of Jeania Schilling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Culver City, CA
Jeania Schilling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90230
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Psychotherapist who works with adolescents, adults, parents and families. I provide a compassionate, respectful, and nonjudgemental environment in which to explore your unique needs and wants. I understand the courage it takes to go to someone for help and I honor the process of therapy.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Psychotherapist who works with adolescents, adults, parents and families. I provide a compassionate, respectful, and nonjudgemental environment in which to explore your unique needs and wants. I understand the courage it takes to go to someone for help and I honor the process of therapy.
(424) 361-0756 View (424) 361-0756
Photo of Katie Smith, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Katie Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90232
Kathryn "Katie" Smith is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, who has been practicing since 2015. She graduated from Pepperdine University located in Los Angeles, CA with a Masters in Clinical Psychology. Katie's experience has been providing compassionate care to adolescents and adults through individual therapy. Katie is trained and skilled in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to treat and manage anxiety, depression, social and other phobias, grief and loss and work stress. She will use techniques in sessions to explore negative thought patterns and how they contribute to the way we view ourselves and the world around us.
Kathryn "Katie" Smith is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, who has been practicing since 2015. She graduated from Pepperdine University located in Los Angeles, CA with a Masters in Clinical Psychology. Katie's experience has been providing compassionate care to adolescents and adults through individual therapy. Katie is trained and skilled in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to treat and manage anxiety, depression, social and other phobias, grief and loss and work stress. She will use techniques in sessions to explore negative thought patterns and how they contribute to the way we view ourselves and the world around us.
(424) 766-4835 View (424) 766-4835
Photo of Katie A. Copeland, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Katie A. Copeland
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90230  (Online Only)
We all have untapped resilience. As a therapist my goal is to help unblock the powerful resources that lie within you so you can live a happier, healthier life. Growth is possible for any human being at any stage of life. We are all life-long learners and therapy can be a great resource to build insight and develop coping skills that allow you to overcome the challenges you are currently facing, as well as future life stressors that may come your way. I take an active stance in therapy to work collaboratively with my clients, using modern and integrative interventions. A bit of humor helps too.
We all have untapped resilience. As a therapist my goal is to help unblock the powerful resources that lie within you so you can live a happier, healthier life. Growth is possible for any human being at any stage of life. We are all life-long learners and therapy can be a great resource to build insight and develop coping skills that allow you to overcome the challenges you are currently facing, as well as future life stressors that may come your way. I take an active stance in therapy to work collaboratively with my clients, using modern and integrative interventions. A bit of humor helps too.
(424) 238-3222 View (424) 238-3222
Photo of Debbie Andorka, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Debbie Andorka
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, MS, EdD
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90230  (Online Only)
My PASSION as Trainer, Coach and Teacher with children, teens, parents, families and adults is guide you in self-care for a fulfilling life. Therapy can help you to regulate your emotions and to manage unproductive beliefs and unsuccessful patterns of behavior, so that you learn to enjoy being in the present . Therapy provides you with thoughtful strategies to alleviate stress, and to recognize old patterns of behavior from your past that may be undermining your choice for today. Therapy brings tools of mindfulness, breathing and behavior skills to assist you to live your life of purpose and meaningful relationships.
My PASSION as Trainer, Coach and Teacher with children, teens, parents, families and adults is guide you in self-care for a fulfilling life. Therapy can help you to regulate your emotions and to manage unproductive beliefs and unsuccessful patterns of behavior, so that you learn to enjoy being in the present . Therapy provides you with thoughtful strategies to alleviate stress, and to recognize old patterns of behavior from your past that may be undermining your choice for today. Therapy brings tools of mindfulness, breathing and behavior skills to assist you to live your life of purpose and meaningful relationships.
(323) 649-6436 View (323) 649-6436
Photo of Yolanda Morales Therapist Self Transformation Coach, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Culver City, CA
Yolanda Morales Therapist Self Transformation Coach
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT, Coach
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90230  (Online Only)
Do you tend to over extend yourself for others? Do you have challenges advocating for your own needs, without feeling guilty? Do you often date people who have narcissistic tendencies? Do you feel exhausted at the end of the day, with little to no energy to give to yourself? If so, I truly empathize with you, because I know you are drained & have reached your breaking point. You are probably ready to leave everyone who has ever hurt you behind to begin a fresh new journey. A journey where you put yourself first & take your power back.
Do you tend to over extend yourself for others? Do you have challenges advocating for your own needs, without feeling guilty? Do you often date people who have narcissistic tendencies? Do you feel exhausted at the end of the day, with little to no energy to give to yourself? If so, I truly empathize with you, because I know you are drained & have reached your breaking point. You are probably ready to leave everyone who has ever hurt you behind to begin a fresh new journey. A journey where you put yourself first & take your power back.
(818) 873-4096 View (818) 873-4096
Photo of Rose M Leday, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Rose M Leday
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90230
I am clinician who believes that real, lasting change is possible with time, effort and commitment. I have extensive experience working with a variety of emotional and behavioral challenges, as well as a myriad of mental health diagnoses. I believe that although growth is often painful, it is worth the pursuit. I look forward to walking with you to reach your goals and participating in your journey to wellness.
I am clinician who believes that real, lasting change is possible with time, effort and commitment. I have extensive experience working with a variety of emotional and behavioral challenges, as well as a myriad of mental health diagnoses. I believe that although growth is often painful, it is worth the pursuit. I look forward to walking with you to reach your goals and participating in your journey to wellness.
(424) 356-1001 View (424) 356-1001
Photo of Ava Martinez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Ava Martinez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90230  (Online Only)
I'm a licensed marriage and family therapist in California, providing feminist and trauma-informed therapy to adolescents, adults, and couples. I am particularly passionate about collaborating with my clients to unpack and process the complex trauma associated with holding marginalized identities. Additionally, I have a background and training in the treatment of eating disorders, self-harm, and substance use disorders. My work with couples focuses on non-traditional couples.
I'm a licensed marriage and family therapist in California, providing feminist and trauma-informed therapy to adolescents, adults, and couples. I am particularly passionate about collaborating with my clients to unpack and process the complex trauma associated with holding marginalized identities. Additionally, I have a background and training in the treatment of eating disorders, self-harm, and substance use disorders. My work with couples focuses on non-traditional couples.
(323) 940-5489 View (323) 940-5489
Photo of Stephanie Van Stralen, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Stephanie Van Stralen
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90232
Welcome! You are likely here looking for a change in your life, whether it be small or large. I strive to facilitate a safe and nonjudgemental space that encourages exploration and growth. I feel it is important to understand barriers before taking that next step towards sustainable change. My goal for all of my clients is to assist them in better understanding themselves and gaining insight into patterns of behavior. I feel privileged to do this work and believe finding a therapist that is a good fit is key.
Welcome! You are likely here looking for a change in your life, whether it be small or large. I strive to facilitate a safe and nonjudgemental space that encourages exploration and growth. I feel it is important to understand barriers before taking that next step towards sustainable change. My goal for all of my clients is to assist them in better understanding themselves and gaining insight into patterns of behavior. I feel privileged to do this work and believe finding a therapist that is a good fit is key.
(310) 601-8665 View (310) 601-8665
Photo of Scott L Johnson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Scott L Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90230
Psychologically speaking, why do we do what we do? Where are we coming from . . . what are we moving toward . . . and how are we proceeding? Do our impulses, our actions or reactions, our habits, our thoughts, judgments, interpretations, or even our intentions support or lead to what we imagine to be our "happiness?" I work with individuals, couples, and families in short- and long-term psychotherapy. Some clients prefer brief "solution-focused" therapy to help them with specific short-term issues, while others want to work more deeply toward longer-lasting growth and transformation.
Psychologically speaking, why do we do what we do? Where are we coming from . . . what are we moving toward . . . and how are we proceeding? Do our impulses, our actions or reactions, our habits, our thoughts, judgments, interpretations, or even our intentions support or lead to what we imagine to be our "happiness?" I work with individuals, couples, and families in short- and long-term psychotherapy. Some clients prefer brief "solution-focused" therapy to help them with specific short-term issues, while others want to work more deeply toward longer-lasting growth and transformation.
(323) 422-7366 View (323) 422-7366
Photo of Adriana Eversole, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Adriana Eversole
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90230
In times of struggle or uncertainty, having the support and trust in someone you can talk to is an invaluable experience. In my practice, I aim to help clients identify and break free from their limiting beliefs and unhealthy patterns so they can live an authentic and fulfilling life. My experience as a licensed psychotherapist has led me to understand the value of mutual trust and a collaborative, client-centered approach. I provide a compassionate and empathetic atmosphere where we will work together to form a unique treatment plan to address your specific goals in coming to therapy.
In times of struggle or uncertainty, having the support and trust in someone you can talk to is an invaluable experience. In my practice, I aim to help clients identify and break free from their limiting beliefs and unhealthy patterns so they can live an authentic and fulfilling life. My experience as a licensed psychotherapist has led me to understand the value of mutual trust and a collaborative, client-centered approach. I provide a compassionate and empathetic atmosphere where we will work together to form a unique treatment plan to address your specific goals in coming to therapy.
(424) 232-0942 View (424) 232-0942
Photo of Rachel L. Brosamle, Psychologist in Culver City, CA
Rachel L. Brosamle
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90232  (Online Only)
One of the fundamental aspects of a quality therapy experience is the relationship between therapist and client and the space to develop insight and emotional awareness. This means creating an environment that feels safe, having room for curiosity and openness, and having a therapist that is attuned to your goals and needs. My integrative therapeutic approach is aimed at uniquely addressing each individual in order to cultivate healing and growth.
One of the fundamental aspects of a quality therapy experience is the relationship between therapist and client and the space to develop insight and emotional awareness. This means creating an environment that feels safe, having room for curiosity and openness, and having a therapist that is attuned to your goals and needs. My integrative therapeutic approach is aimed at uniquely addressing each individual in order to cultivate healing and growth.
(424) 285-1612 View (424) 285-1612
Photo of Corina Martinez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Culver City, CA
Corina Martinez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90232  (Online Only)
For women navigating life's complexities - balancing relationships, careers, & self-connection among childhood traumas, such as neglect, and emotional, psychological, or sexual abuse - my tailored support is here for you. I assist in exploring the grips of challenging family & romantic relationships, overcoming self-discovery obstacles, & navigating people-pleasing behaviors, all stemming from your traumas. I guide you through the healing process, assisting you in seeking balance, being more present, reminding you of your resilience, and ultimately witnessing your joy being reclaimed. Let's embark on this journey together!
For women navigating life's complexities - balancing relationships, careers, & self-connection among childhood traumas, such as neglect, and emotional, psychological, or sexual abuse - my tailored support is here for you. I assist in exploring the grips of challenging family & romantic relationships, overcoming self-discovery obstacles, & navigating people-pleasing behaviors, all stemming from your traumas. I guide you through the healing process, assisting you in seeking balance, being more present, reminding you of your resilience, and ultimately witnessing your joy being reclaimed. Let's embark on this journey together!
(424) 484-6892 View (424) 484-6892
Photo of Marlene V Jaffe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Culver City, CA
Marlene V Jaffe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90230  (Online Only)
Engaging in psychotherapy is a positive step toward realizing a satisfying life. Through a safe, trusting, confidential relationship with an experienced therapist, the process helps you find relief and feel better. Psychotherapy can provide relief from ongoing, unwelcome feelings such as: sadness, loneliness, anxiety, depression, confusion, fear or anger. Whoever you are, happiness, joy and ease are not elusive. Begin the practice of experiencing relationship to self and others from a place of curiosity, integration, regulation and clarity.
Engaging in psychotherapy is a positive step toward realizing a satisfying life. Through a safe, trusting, confidential relationship with an experienced therapist, the process helps you find relief and feel better. Psychotherapy can provide relief from ongoing, unwelcome feelings such as: sadness, loneliness, anxiety, depression, confusion, fear or anger. Whoever you are, happiness, joy and ease are not elusive. Begin the practice of experiencing relationship to self and others from a place of curiosity, integration, regulation and clarity.
(424) 259-3996 View (424) 259-3996
Photo of Susanna De Mari, Marriage & Family Therapist in Culver City, CA
Susanna De Mari
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90230
There are times in our lives when we may need support in navigating certain life-challenging situations or emotions. If you are struggling to feel connected, unhappy with where you are in life, often feel anxious, and experience relationship challenges; then therapy is an opportunity to take a look at potential patterns that might repeat in your life and make changes. My psychotherapy practice is primarily focused on helping people who are struggling with the effects of trauma, relationship stress, depression, anxiety, substance use and addiction. I can support you in strengthening your sense of self and healing process.
There are times in our lives when we may need support in navigating certain life-challenging situations or emotions. If you are struggling to feel connected, unhappy with where you are in life, often feel anxious, and experience relationship challenges; then therapy is an opportunity to take a look at potential patterns that might repeat in your life and make changes. My psychotherapy practice is primarily focused on helping people who are struggling with the effects of trauma, relationship stress, depression, anxiety, substance use and addiction. I can support you in strengthening your sense of self and healing process.
(310) 905-8436 View (310) 905-8436
Photo of Katie Holz - Addiction + Trauma Support, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Culver City, CA
Katie Holz - Addiction + Trauma Support
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90230
Your throat feels restricted, your chest is heavy, and it hurts to breathe. Trauma has found a home in your body and it is time to evict it. Maybe you drank or used again. Maybe you stopped taking your medication, telling yourself it will be different this time. Maybe you are just tired of being tired. Either way, you are ready to dive in and "do the work."
Your throat feels restricted, your chest is heavy, and it hurts to breathe. Trauma has found a home in your body and it is time to evict it. Maybe you drank or used again. Maybe you stopped taking your medication, telling yourself it will be different this time. Maybe you are just tired of being tired. Either way, you are ready to dive in and "do the work."
(323) 973-2159 View (323) 973-2159
Photo of Danielle G. Sheppard, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Culver City, CA
Danielle G. Sheppard
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, CSEP, BC-TMH, JCTC, JCDC
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90230
Danielle Sheppard is a licensed clinician who helps individuals and couples realize and achieve their true potential. She recognizes that every person or couple is different in terms of goals, aspirations, and the pursuit of happiness, and that everyone’s path to peace of mind is different. As such, she strives to help each of her clients realize their strengths, values, and ultimate potential. She takes a holistic approach to therapy, often encouraging her clients to incorporate meditation and mindfulness into their self care ritual.
Danielle Sheppard is a licensed clinician who helps individuals and couples realize and achieve their true potential. She recognizes that every person or couple is different in terms of goals, aspirations, and the pursuit of happiness, and that everyone’s path to peace of mind is different. As such, she strives to help each of her clients realize their strengths, values, and ultimate potential. She takes a holistic approach to therapy, often encouraging her clients to incorporate meditation and mindfulness into their self care ritual.
(323) 909-5143 View (323) 909-5143
Photo of Michael Ames, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Culver City, CA
Michael Ames
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Culver City, CA 90230  (Online Only)
I specialize in helping adults and couples who are dealing with stress; emotional problems and relationship issues. For those interested in brief therapy (individual and couples therapy). I have been in private practice for 30 years. I provide a safe; warm environment in which clients are encouraged to discuss their issues openly and honestly. Also I work with elderly adults who are struggling with aging issues. I provide individual therapy for adults who have job-related stress; depression; anxiety and relationship issues. I'm offering four sessions for a total of $600 and your insurance won't be billed.
I specialize in helping adults and couples who are dealing with stress; emotional problems and relationship issues. For those interested in brief therapy (individual and couples therapy). I have been in private practice for 30 years. I provide a safe; warm environment in which clients are encouraged to discuss their issues openly and honestly. Also I work with elderly adults who are struggling with aging issues. I provide individual therapy for adults who have job-related stress; depression; anxiety and relationship issues. I'm offering four sessions for a total of $600 and your insurance won't be billed.
(424) 401-2394 View (424) 401-2394

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Culver City, CA

500+

Average cost per session

$192

Therapists in Culver City, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
88% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
72% Stress
70% Trauma and PTSD
69% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

66% Aetna
52% Cigna and Evernorth
50% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Culver City, CA see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Culver City?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.