Therapists in Modesto, CA

Photo of Michelle Zuniga (Deep Wellness Center), Marriage & Family Therapist in Modesto, CA
Michelle Zuniga (Deep Wellness Center)
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95356
Hello! I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT#122191) who has over seven years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults and families in the mental health field. I am passionate about working with individuals who may be struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, stress, self-esteem, adjustment to life changes, and healing from trauma. I specialize in working with parents, couples, and families to improve healthy communication, parenting skills, and healthy relationship dynamics.
Hello! I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT#122191) who has over seven years of experience working with children, adolescents, adults and families in the mental health field. I am passionate about working with individuals who may be struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, stress, self-esteem, adjustment to life changes, and healing from trauma. I specialize in working with parents, couples, and families to improve healthy communication, parenting skills, and healthy relationship dynamics.
(209) 219-3131 View (209) 219-3131
Photo of Brionna Kirkendoll, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Modesto, CA
Brionna Kirkendoll
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95355
Hello, my name is Brionna Kirkendoll, and I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Los Angeles, CA. I work with clients statewide via telehealth. I specialize in working with children and teens who are experiencing anxiety, stress, grief, depression, difficulties with life transitions and peer relationships. I have found that my style and approach is a good fit for children and teens who may be dealing with the challenges of life transitions and social pressures. I give praise and support to my clients as they learn and help them understand they are not alone.
Hello, my name is Brionna Kirkendoll, and I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Los Angeles, CA. I work with clients statewide via telehealth. I specialize in working with children and teens who are experiencing anxiety, stress, grief, depression, difficulties with life transitions and peer relationships. I have found that my style and approach is a good fit for children and teens who may be dealing with the challenges of life transitions and social pressures. I give praise and support to my clients as they learn and help them understand they are not alone.
(209) 821-1753 View (209) 821-1753
Photo of Susan McGarry, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Modesto, CA
Susan McGarry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95358
I'm Susan McGarry LCSW, with over twenty years working with clients who are experiencing depression and anxiety as they work through life transitions, including relationships with Intimate Partner Violence. I work with adults who are experiencing depression and anxiety as they navigate through life transitions. I additionally have twenty years of experience working with clients who have been or are in relationships with Intimate Partner Violence. I have also worked with clients who have Child Protective Services involvement.
I'm Susan McGarry LCSW, with over twenty years working with clients who are experiencing depression and anxiety as they work through life transitions, including relationships with Intimate Partner Violence. I work with adults who are experiencing depression and anxiety as they navigate through life transitions. I additionally have twenty years of experience working with clients who have been or are in relationships with Intimate Partner Violence. I have also worked with clients who have Child Protective Services involvement.
(209) 353-9251 View (209) 353-9251
Photo of Michael Jackson, Pastoral Counselor in Modesto, CA
Michael Jackson
Pastoral Counselor, CPsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Modesto, CA 95356
Welcome to Sound Mind Christian Counseling & Consulting. As a Pastoral Counselor, I provide Christian Counseling, Christian Life Coaching, and Mental Health Coaching to individuals who are going through challenging times. Life can be hard, but you do not have to go through life alone. I would love to join you on your journey to provide you with support as you regain the victory in your life. Life's challenges can lead to stress, discouragement, disappointment, depression, anxiety, and a variety of unpleasant emotions, but there is hope! Please note: I am not a traditional Licensed Therapist.
Welcome to Sound Mind Christian Counseling & Consulting. As a Pastoral Counselor, I provide Christian Counseling, Christian Life Coaching, and Mental Health Coaching to individuals who are going through challenging times. Life can be hard, but you do not have to go through life alone. I would love to join you on your journey to provide you with support as you regain the victory in your life. Life's challenges can lead to stress, discouragement, disappointment, depression, anxiety, and a variety of unpleasant emotions, but there is hope! Please note: I am not a traditional Licensed Therapist.
(209) 440-0632 View (209) 440-0632
Photo of Crystal Barrera, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Modesto, CA
Crystal Barrera
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95354  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical social worker who has a passion for helping clients develop a better understanding of themselves and their lives. I am bilingual in English and Spanish and provide a culturally sensitive environment. I work with a diverse population, offering services to adults, teen, children, couples and families.
I am a licensed clinical social worker who has a passion for helping clients develop a better understanding of themselves and their lives. I am bilingual in English and Spanish and provide a culturally sensitive environment. I work with a diverse population, offering services to adults, teen, children, couples and families.
(209) 794-4573 View (209) 794-4573
Photo of Derek Elser Pehle, Psychologist in Modesto, CA
Derek Elser Pehle
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95350  (Online Only)
When we are burdened by negative moods, self rejection and unhelpful thoughts or perspectives, the quality of our lives is diminished. I believe healthy emotional flow is key to embracing life's joys and processing challenges. We are often taught to reject and avoid our feelings which contributes to depression and anxiety. When we learn to accept and allow our feelings in a healthy manner, we are able to process our past and present effectively. This supports good presence in our lives and empowers us to respond versus react. I feel that in order to move forward in life, the past must be dealt with and completed.
When we are burdened by negative moods, self rejection and unhelpful thoughts or perspectives, the quality of our lives is diminished. I believe healthy emotional flow is key to embracing life's joys and processing challenges. We are often taught to reject and avoid our feelings which contributes to depression and anxiety. When we learn to accept and allow our feelings in a healthy manner, we are able to process our past and present effectively. This supports good presence in our lives and empowers us to respond versus react. I feel that in order to move forward in life, the past must be dealt with and completed.
(833) 377-3453 View (833) 377-3453
Photo of Olivia Lavelle, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Modesto, CA
Olivia Lavelle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95355
Great Day, I'm Olivia Lavelle, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 10 years of experience in the school setting and mental health agencies. In my therapeutic approach, I collaborate with individuals, utilizing unconditional positive regard and empathy, while incorporating a touch of humor. Specializing in school-related issues from the perspectives of students, parents, and teachers, I focus on navigating life transitions, addressing challenges, and providing support in areas such as depression, anxiety, and trauma, including childhood trauma.
Great Day, I'm Olivia Lavelle, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 10 years of experience in the school setting and mental health agencies. In my therapeutic approach, I collaborate with individuals, utilizing unconditional positive regard and empathy, while incorporating a touch of humor. Specializing in school-related issues from the perspectives of students, parents, and teachers, I focus on navigating life transitions, addressing challenges, and providing support in areas such as depression, anxiety, and trauma, including childhood trauma.
(209) 219-1920 View (209) 219-1920
Photo of Nancy Neufeld Silva, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Modesto, CA
Nancy Neufeld Silva
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95354
As a psychotherapist, I listen without rushing in a relationship of mutual respect and trust. In psychotherapy, the therapist and the client take the time we need to listen to you and your inner healing process whether you are struggling with depression, anxiety, grief, stress, relationship difficulties, life transitions, sobriety, or faith concerns. (Please note that I do not respond by email to individuals seeking psychotherapy. I return calls with messages left at 209-669-8538.)
As a psychotherapist, I listen without rushing in a relationship of mutual respect and trust. In psychotherapy, the therapist and the client take the time we need to listen to you and your inner healing process whether you are struggling with depression, anxiety, grief, stress, relationship difficulties, life transitions, sobriety, or faith concerns. (Please note that I do not respond by email to individuals seeking psychotherapy. I return calls with messages left at 209-669-8538.)
(209) 395-1941 View (209) 395-1941
Photo of Anthony Miceli, Marriage & Family Therapist in Modesto, CA
Anthony Miceli
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95356  (Online Only)
Everyone experiences difficulties at times, and it is not uncommon for life to throw unexpected crises and challenges our way. It can also be challenging to navigate these difficulties alone. I aim to meet each person with respect, empathy, and optimism for growth and recovery. Whether you need help overcoming relationship troubles, unwanted habits, depression, or anxiety, I can support you in taking the crucial next step towards your personal success journey.
Everyone experiences difficulties at times, and it is not uncommon for life to throw unexpected crises and challenges our way. It can also be challenging to navigate these difficulties alone. I aim to meet each person with respect, empathy, and optimism for growth and recovery. Whether you need help overcoming relationship troubles, unwanted habits, depression, or anxiety, I can support you in taking the crucial next step towards your personal success journey.
(209) 651-2970 View (209) 651-2970
Photo of Mattie D Trigo, Marriage & Family Therapist in Modesto, CA
Mattie D Trigo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95354  (Online Only)
Finding the right counselor is essential to your success in treatment. Using creativity, compassion, and commitment, I will meet you where you are and help you get to where you would like to be. In addition to traditional talk therapy I use a variety of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy techniques such as meditation and hypnotherapy. Counseling can be an intimidating experience and the decision to seek counseling is a courageous one. Whether you are having difficulty with adjustment issues or recovering from a traumatic experience, your treatment will be specific to you and specialized for your individual needs.
Finding the right counselor is essential to your success in treatment. Using creativity, compassion, and commitment, I will meet you where you are and help you get to where you would like to be. In addition to traditional talk therapy I use a variety of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy techniques such as meditation and hypnotherapy. Counseling can be an intimidating experience and the decision to seek counseling is a courageous one. Whether you are having difficulty with adjustment issues or recovering from a traumatic experience, your treatment will be specific to you and specialized for your individual needs.
(209) 353-9201 View (209) 353-9201
Photo of Marlene Gomez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Modesto, CA
Marlene Gomez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95355
My name is Marlene Gomez, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. Starting therapy can be daunting and overwhelming, you may be struggling with emotions that you are not able to name and express. My goal as your therapist is to create a safe space where you can explore your inner thoughts and feelings, their origins, and find ways to cope with and express your emotions.
My name is Marlene Gomez, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. Starting therapy can be daunting and overwhelming, you may be struggling with emotions that you are not able to name and express. My goal as your therapist is to create a safe space where you can explore your inner thoughts and feelings, their origins, and find ways to cope with and express your emotions.
(209) 348-0620 View (209) 348-0620
Photo of Lauresha Zinatae Hawkins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Modesto, CA
Lauresha Zinatae Hawkins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95355
My name is Lauresha Z. Hawkins and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Southern California, working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adolescents, adults, and mature adults while specializing in anxiety, depression, mood disorders, personality disorders, and stress. I use several modalities such as Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Problem Solving Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing, to help aid clients in making progress toward mental and emotional healing.
My name is Lauresha Z. Hawkins and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Southern California, working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adolescents, adults, and mature adults while specializing in anxiety, depression, mood disorders, personality disorders, and stress. I use several modalities such as Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Problem Solving Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing, to help aid clients in making progress toward mental and emotional healing.
(209) 395-0788 View (209) 395-0788
Photo of Carol Neyfeldt Benak, Marriage & Family Therapist in Modesto, CA
Carol Neyfeldt Benak
Marriage & Family Therapist, RN, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95354
I enjoy working with transitions in life--childhood into adolescence, adolescence into adulthood, midlife and then towards the aging process. My goal is to enable a child or adult or a couple to experience life with purpose and meaning. I treat symptomatic depression, anxiety, and stress which can occur during these developmental transitions. Also, past trauma often surfaces at these junctions. An exploration of the past in connection with a thorough understanding of the present contributes to the healing process. Using my background as a nurse and nurse practitioner, together we examine how symptoms manifest in a person's physical being and their implications for living healthfully today. .
I enjoy working with transitions in life--childhood into adolescence, adolescence into adulthood, midlife and then towards the aging process. My goal is to enable a child or adult or a couple to experience life with purpose and meaning. I treat symptomatic depression, anxiety, and stress which can occur during these developmental transitions. Also, past trauma often surfaces at these junctions. An exploration of the past in connection with a thorough understanding of the present contributes to the healing process. Using my background as a nurse and nurse practitioner, together we examine how symptoms manifest in a person's physical being and their implications for living healthfully today. .
(209) 720-4987 View (209) 720-4987
Photo of Margaret R Hunter, Marriage & Family Therapist in Modesto, CA
Margaret R Hunter
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, ATR, CEDS
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95356  (Online Only)
I see individuals and couples from all walks of life, and at different ages and stages of life. Many of my clients are dealing with symptoms associated with anxiety, panic, depression, grief and trauma. They may be experiencing disordered eating and/or body image disturbance. Clients are often seeking symptom relief and exploration of new coping strategies. We begin that process in our first session. I see teens (15-19) and adults.
I see individuals and couples from all walks of life, and at different ages and stages of life. Many of my clients are dealing with symptoms associated with anxiety, panic, depression, grief and trauma. They may be experiencing disordered eating and/or body image disturbance. Clients are often seeking symptom relief and exploration of new coping strategies. We begin that process in our first session. I see teens (15-19) and adults.
(209) 440-0392 View (209) 440-0392
Photo of Stacey Anderson-Young LMFT Catalyst Counseling Inc, Marriage & Family Therapist in Modesto, CA
Stacey Anderson-Young LMFT Catalyst Counseling Inc
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95354
Not accepting new clients
At times, life can smack you in the face. Sometimes unexpectedly and sometimes you can see the writing on the wall. Change is inevitable. If it’s feeling more like life is kicking your ass right now, reaching out for support could be your first step. If you’re looking to feel better, let’s identify what’s working, build some skills to handle the things that aren’t, and figure out how to heal the core issue.
At times, life can smack you in the face. Sometimes unexpectedly and sometimes you can see the writing on the wall. Change is inevitable. If it’s feeling more like life is kicking your ass right now, reaching out for support could be your first step. If you’re looking to feel better, let’s identify what’s working, build some skills to handle the things that aren’t, and figure out how to heal the core issue.
(209) 370-1213 View (209) 370-1213
Photo of Courtney Wohld, Marriage & Family Therapist in Modesto, CA
Courtney Wohld
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95350
Now offering in-person sessions to individuals near Modesto! My goal is to help walk people through whatever life challenges face them, whether it be something from the past, present, or apprehension about what the future holds. I believe the therapeutic experience should be tailored specifically to the individual, and use client-focused techniques to help people accomplish their goals. Using scientific-based models, I help people develop a deeper understanding of themselves and why we feel or act a certain way.
Now offering in-person sessions to individuals near Modesto! My goal is to help walk people through whatever life challenges face them, whether it be something from the past, present, or apprehension about what the future holds. I believe the therapeutic experience should be tailored specifically to the individual, and use client-focused techniques to help people accomplish their goals. Using scientific-based models, I help people develop a deeper understanding of themselves and why we feel or act a certain way.
(209) 309-3613 View (209) 309-3613
Robert R Chapman
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADCII, ICADC, SAP
Not Verified Not Verified
Modesto, CA 95358
I have been a Substance Abuse Counselor for over 10 years. I am also a qualified SAP. If you are in violation of the DOT substance abuse policy. please contact me for an assessment. I provide the gateway for you to return to work.
I have been a Substance Abuse Counselor for over 10 years. I am also a qualified SAP. If you are in violation of the DOT substance abuse policy. please contact me for an assessment. I provide the gateway for you to return to work.
(209) 850-8004 View (209) 850-8004
Photo of Tim Quinn, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Modesto, CA
Tim Quinn, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Modesto, CA 95350  (Online Only)
I enjoy working collaboratively with individuals and couples to resolve concerns related to work/school, relationships, and life goals, among others. To accomplish this, I utilize scientifically-validated treatments such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Solution-Focused, and Reality Therapy while also incorporating movies, music, books, video games, and other creative interventions to engage clients and compliment traditional treatment modalities.
I enjoy working collaboratively with individuals and couples to resolve concerns related to work/school, relationships, and life goals, among others. To accomplish this, I utilize scientifically-validated treatments such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Solution-Focused, and Reality Therapy while also incorporating movies, music, books, video games, and other creative interventions to engage clients and compliment traditional treatment modalities.
(209) 780-0873 View (209) 780-0873
Photo of Larios-Garcia Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Modesto, CA
Larios-Garcia Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95350
Regardless of the stage in our lives, in difficult times we all need help. Mental health counseling is a valuable service that many people benefit from by processing their thoughts, feelings and actions and ultimately finding solutions for their challenges. It is not easy to take the first step due to the stigma about seeking mental health services and/or self-doubt. If you or your loved one is needing extra help to navigate life’s challenges, seek help or resources to make life a bit easier.
Regardless of the stage in our lives, in difficult times we all need help. Mental health counseling is a valuable service that many people benefit from by processing their thoughts, feelings and actions and ultimately finding solutions for their challenges. It is not easy to take the first step due to the stigma about seeking mental health services and/or self-doubt. If you or your loved one is needing extra help to navigate life’s challenges, seek help or resources to make life a bit easier.
(209) 340-8056 View (209) 340-8056
Photo of Brenda Kasaty, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Modesto, CA
Brenda Kasaty
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Modesto, CA 95351
Are you tired, overwhelmed, or feeling constantly on edge? Has the stress and anxiety over the past couple of years left you feeling lost, frustrated, or hopeless? Is your self-esteem struggling, always striving to measure up to a seemingly impossible set of standards? Has your anxiety or depression kept you away from social activities, engaging in things you once loved, or caused relationship struggles with those you love most? Does your life just seem to be one big emotional roller coaster? If you answered yes to any of these questions you are not alone. Life has been difficult to navigate for pretty much everyone.
Are you tired, overwhelmed, or feeling constantly on edge? Has the stress and anxiety over the past couple of years left you feeling lost, frustrated, or hopeless? Is your self-esteem struggling, always striving to measure up to a seemingly impossible set of standards? Has your anxiety or depression kept you away from social activities, engaging in things you once loved, or caused relationship struggles with those you love most? Does your life just seem to be one big emotional roller coaster? If you answered yes to any of these questions you are not alone. Life has been difficult to navigate for pretty much everyone.
(209) 682-0310 View (209) 682-0310

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Modesto, CA

300+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Modesto, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
89% Depression
73% Relationship Issues
72% Coping Skills
71% Self Esteem
67% Stress
61% Grief

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Aetna
74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
74% Optum

How Therapists in Modesto, CA see their clients

86% In Person and Online
14% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Modesto?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.