Therapists in Washington, DC

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Photo of AllCare Conversations Counseling Center, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
AllCare Conversations Counseling Center, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20002  (Online Only)
Saqueita Russell, LPC is a Licensed Professional Counselor that is trained to implement various therapeutic approaches. She is an eclectic Therapist that believes in a person-centered approach by tailoring treatment to the specific needs of her clients. She enjoys incorporating a Cognitive Behavioral therapeutic approach and evidenced based treatment models to support adults. She offers a safe, collaborative, and judge-free zone to support the needs and goals of the clients that she supports.
Saqueita Russell, LPC is a Licensed Professional Counselor that is trained to implement various therapeutic approaches. She is an eclectic Therapist that believes in a person-centered approach by tailoring treatment to the specific needs of her clients. She enjoys incorporating a Cognitive Behavioral therapeutic approach and evidenced based treatment models to support adults. She offers a safe, collaborative, and judge-free zone to support the needs and goals of the clients that she supports.
(202) 953-6349 View (202) 953-6349
Photo of Eisen Blackstone Group, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Eisen Blackstone Group
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20016
Carly Blackstone - License: Virginia 0810003993; Washington, D.C. DC1000796 Roberta Eisen - License: Washington, D.C. PRC13872 We are a mother-daughter counseling team based in Washington, D.C. We help families navigate the emotional and logistical challenges of family transitions. We are here to help you look at your conflict and help guide you and your family on a path forward.
Carly Blackstone - License: Virginia 0810003993; Washington, D.C. DC1000796 Roberta Eisen - License: Washington, D.C. PRC13872 We are a mother-daughter counseling team based in Washington, D.C. We help families navigate the emotional and logistical challenges of family transitions. We are here to help you look at your conflict and help guide you and your family on a path forward.
(202) 831-3466 View (202) 831-3466
Photo of Angela M Snyder, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Angela M Snyder
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
Often when people come to see me, they have been experiencing the pain and challenges of life much more than the pleasure, and they desire to feel better and enjoy life more fully. I have worked with men and women who experience this pain in many forms, including anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, eating disorders, grief, or the aftermath of trauma. In addition, I am very interested in working with people from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. I have worked extensively with immigrants, first generation citizens, international students and professionals, and people who identify as multicultural or a person of color.
Often when people come to see me, they have been experiencing the pain and challenges of life much more than the pleasure, and they desire to feel better and enjoy life more fully. I have worked with men and women who experience this pain in many forms, including anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, eating disorders, grief, or the aftermath of trauma. In addition, I am very interested in working with people from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. I have worked extensively with immigrants, first generation citizens, international students and professionals, and people who identify as multicultural or a person of color.
(202) 681-3923 View (202) 681-3923
Photo of Michele Topel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Michele Topel
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, EMDR-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036
Not accepting new clients
I help people resolve early traumatic experiences and attachment wounds that are often at the root of depression, anxiety, addiction, and unsatisfying relationships. Together we can identify and remove the obstacles that get in the way of connecting with others, as well as your inherent capacity for freedom, authenticity, and joy. If you’ve tried talk therapy and find that words aren’t enough to change how you feel, it could be that trauma is keeping you stuck. There are brain and body-based therapies like EMDR, that can help resolve past trauma, and lead to transformational healing and change.
I help people resolve early traumatic experiences and attachment wounds that are often at the root of depression, anxiety, addiction, and unsatisfying relationships. Together we can identify and remove the obstacles that get in the way of connecting with others, as well as your inherent capacity for freedom, authenticity, and joy. If you’ve tried talk therapy and find that words aren’t enough to change how you feel, it could be that trauma is keeping you stuck. There are brain and body-based therapies like EMDR, that can help resolve past trauma, and lead to transformational healing and change.
(202) 980-3535 View (202) 980-3535
Photo of The Phoenix Group, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
The Phoenix Group
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20024  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome. Burdened by thoughts and emotions, having difficulty focusing or completing tasks, feeling overwhelmed, anxious or hopeless; therapy can help. The journey to improved mental health and inner peace should not be taken alone. Through therapy, I seek to assist in identifying the root of distress and develop improved methods of coping to enhance the overall quality of life of my clients. Whether it's Depression, Anxiety, ADHD or daily life stressors i.e relationships, parenting or work environment, I can help.
Hello and welcome. Burdened by thoughts and emotions, having difficulty focusing or completing tasks, feeling overwhelmed, anxious or hopeless; therapy can help. The journey to improved mental health and inner peace should not be taken alone. Through therapy, I seek to assist in identifying the root of distress and develop improved methods of coping to enhance the overall quality of life of my clients. Whether it's Depression, Anxiety, ADHD or daily life stressors i.e relationships, parenting or work environment, I can help.
(202) 952-8897 View (202) 952-8897
Photo of Re-New Psychological Services, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Re-New Psychological Services
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20003
We use a strength-based, developmental approach in our work with clients. Rather than highlighting pathology in your life, we identify the ways in which you successfully navigate life's challenges and help you develop new tools to overcome any roadblocks you may encounter.
We use a strength-based, developmental approach in our work with clients. Rather than highlighting pathology in your life, we identify the ways in which you successfully navigate life's challenges and help you develop new tools to overcome any roadblocks you may encounter.
(202) 684-2662 View (202) 684-2662
Photo of Michael A Vigorito, Marriage & Family Therapist in Washington, DC
Michael A Vigorito
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, CGP, CST-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036
How do you know if your sexual behavior is out of control? It's a subjective question that many men unfortunately wait until relationship, occupational or medical consequences accumulate before considering. I believe the most important person to evaluate concerns with regulating sexual behavior is the man experiencing the dilemma. I start with two basic questions: "What is your conflict with your sexual behavior?" and "What is your vision for your sexual health?" Since 2001, I have provided a safe, informed and confidential space for sexual health conversations with heterosexual, gay and bisexual men.
How do you know if your sexual behavior is out of control? It's a subjective question that many men unfortunately wait until relationship, occupational or medical consequences accumulate before considering. I believe the most important person to evaluate concerns with regulating sexual behavior is the man experiencing the dilemma. I start with two basic questions: "What is your conflict with your sexual behavior?" and "What is your vision for your sexual health?" Since 2001, I have provided a safe, informed and confidential space for sexual health conversations with heterosexual, gay and bisexual men.
(202) 949-7872 View (202) 949-7872
Photo of Evan Tokarz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Evan Tokarz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20002  (Online Only)
Licensed in DC, FL, AZ. If you're grappling with challenges such as anxiety, depression, stress, or issues in your relationships, you're not alone. Sometimes, we get caught in repetitive patterns that seem insurmountable. Through individual therapy, I offer strategies to help you break free from these cycles by talking through patterns in your life in an attempt to identify root issues. My goal is to empower you with the tools you need to enhance self-awareness, boost confidence, and take actions that foster the personal growth you rightfully deserve.
Licensed in DC, FL, AZ. If you're grappling with challenges such as anxiety, depression, stress, or issues in your relationships, you're not alone. Sometimes, we get caught in repetitive patterns that seem insurmountable. Through individual therapy, I offer strategies to help you break free from these cycles by talking through patterns in your life in an attempt to identify root issues. My goal is to empower you with the tools you need to enhance self-awareness, boost confidence, and take actions that foster the personal growth you rightfully deserve.
(202) 991-3128 View (202) 991-3128
Photo of Hannah Braunstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Hannah Braunstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, EMDR-C
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20037
Using the powerful tools of EMDR and Brainspotting to directly heal the nervous system and create new neural pathways in the brain, I will guide you from feeling stuck in old patterns to change with confidence and expansiveness. Together, we can free you from old traumas and habits to move past the past with renewed strength, real growth, and authenticity. It is possible to gain resilience and transform your life to live in the present moment and create meaningful relationships.
Using the powerful tools of EMDR and Brainspotting to directly heal the nervous system and create new neural pathways in the brain, I will guide you from feeling stuck in old patterns to change with confidence and expansiveness. Together, we can free you from old traumas and habits to move past the past with renewed strength, real growth, and authenticity. It is possible to gain resilience and transform your life to live in the present moment and create meaningful relationships.
(202) 559-4985 View (202) 559-4985
Photo of Teresa Harris, Counselor in Washington, DC
Teresa Harris
Counselor, LPC, LMHC, MBA, CPT
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20037  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My work begins with a very person-centered approach, recognizing my role as one to listen and empower a client as they create the life they want to live. I often incorporate techniques from solution-focused, narrative, cognitive behavioral, and dialectical behavioral approaches. After 10 years in the fitness/wellness industry, I’ve worked with those struggling with unhealthy relationships with food and their bodies. Working with these clients often utilizes elements of mindfulness and self-compassion toward a life of more self-love.
My work begins with a very person-centered approach, recognizing my role as one to listen and empower a client as they create the life they want to live. I often incorporate techniques from solution-focused, narrative, cognitive behavioral, and dialectical behavioral approaches. After 10 years in the fitness/wellness industry, I’ve worked with those struggling with unhealthy relationships with food and their bodies. Working with these clients often utilizes elements of mindfulness and self-compassion toward a life of more self-love.
(202) 769-0591 View (202) 769-0591
Photo of Tiffany Bufort-Odom, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Tiffany Bufort-Odom
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, LPC, CCTP, ACS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
Gabby Douglas said it best "Hard days are the best because that's when champions are made." Are you struggling with managing daily stressors? Have you gone through a traumatic event and are ready to take back your power? Are you noticing a disconnect between you and your child? Therapy provides a place for you to work on your healing process. It's a powerful and rewarding journey. Remember, your life is your canvas, and you are the masterpiece. If you are ready for this next step, I would be honored to be a part of your journey.
Gabby Douglas said it best "Hard days are the best because that's when champions are made." Are you struggling with managing daily stressors? Have you gone through a traumatic event and are ready to take back your power? Are you noticing a disconnect between you and your child? Therapy provides a place for you to work on your healing process. It's a powerful and rewarding journey. Remember, your life is your canvas, and you are the masterpiece. If you are ready for this next step, I would be honored to be a part of your journey.
(202) 740-9499 View (202) 740-9499
Photo of Raquel Grigera, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Raquel Grigera
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20003
Dr. Grigera is a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in the treatment of eating disorders, mood and anxiety disorders, self-injury, suicidal ideation, trauma, and relationship concerns. She provides individualized evidence-based therapeutic services to children, adolescents, young adults, and families. She has extensive experience in conducting individual, group, and family therapy. Dr. Grigera has worked in a variety of settings, including private practices, public school systems, medical centers, and residential treatment centers.
Dr. Grigera is a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in the treatment of eating disorders, mood and anxiety disorders, self-injury, suicidal ideation, trauma, and relationship concerns. She provides individualized evidence-based therapeutic services to children, adolescents, young adults, and families. She has extensive experience in conducting individual, group, and family therapy. Dr. Grigera has worked in a variety of settings, including private practices, public school systems, medical centers, and residential treatment centers.
(202) 831-2138 View (202) 831-2138
Photo of Laura Lokker, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Laura Lokker
Psychologist, PsyD, JD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
Waitlist for new clients
At some point in our lives many of us will struggle with anxiety, depression, loss, relationship problems, career concerns or life transitions. If you are facing one or more of these challenges, I believe I can help. I am a licensed psychologist providing counseling and psychotherapy to adults in Washington DC. I have experience working with diverse clients on a wide range of issues. Depending on your needs and goals, I integrate various therapeutic approaches and treatment models, including psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral, interpersonal and mindfulness.
At some point in our lives many of us will struggle with anxiety, depression, loss, relationship problems, career concerns or life transitions. If you are facing one or more of these challenges, I believe I can help. I am a licensed psychologist providing counseling and psychotherapy to adults in Washington DC. I have experience working with diverse clients on a wide range of issues. Depending on your needs and goals, I integrate various therapeutic approaches and treatment models, including psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral, interpersonal and mindfulness.
(202) 760-2717 View (202) 760-2717
Photo of Raven E. Jenerson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Raven E. Jenerson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20003  (Online Only)
There are many layers and textures in each of our stories and individual healing journeys, that may make us believe that healing is impossible or that inner wellness after trauma is unattainable. You are worthy and capable of the healing you're envisioning. For many of us, a safe healing space is the first step in that journey back to self and is the support we’ve been searching for to become the next best version of ourselves. Together, we co-create the space you need to celebrate your innate wisdom; restore trust in your intuition and voice; and nurture your growth towards more healing and easeful living.
There are many layers and textures in each of our stories and individual healing journeys, that may make us believe that healing is impossible or that inner wellness after trauma is unattainable. You are worthy and capable of the healing you're envisioning. For many of us, a safe healing space is the first step in that journey back to self and is the support we’ve been searching for to become the next best version of ourselves. Together, we co-create the space you need to celebrate your innate wisdom; restore trust in your intuition and voice; and nurture your growth towards more healing and easeful living.
(202) 968-3476 View (202) 968-3476
Photo of Jessica N Canty, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Jessica N Canty
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20003  (Online Only)
If you have experienced generational trauma, grief and loss, career challenges, work life balance challenges, and self-esteem issues, you need a therapist who is committed to supporting you in changing the narrative of your life. When we work together you will discover and pursue your life’s passions.
If you have experienced generational trauma, grief and loss, career challenges, work life balance challenges, and self-esteem issues, you need a therapist who is committed to supporting you in changing the narrative of your life. When we work together you will discover and pursue your life’s passions.
(301) 467-3863 View (301) 467-3863
Photo of Christina Fals, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Christina Fals
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
As a bilingual Hispanic American Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I offer virtual counseling services across Washington D.C., Maryland, and Puerto Rico. My approach to mental health is holistic, providing personalized treatment for a wide range of challenges. I prioritize offering compassionate support to individuals navigating life's obstacles, specializing in disruptive behaviors, adjustment difficulties, anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, ADHD, gender identity exploration, and providing affirming care for LGBTQ individuals.
As a bilingual Hispanic American Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I offer virtual counseling services across Washington D.C., Maryland, and Puerto Rico. My approach to mental health is holistic, providing personalized treatment for a wide range of challenges. I prioritize offering compassionate support to individuals navigating life's obstacles, specializing in disruptive behaviors, adjustment difficulties, anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, ADHD, gender identity exploration, and providing affirming care for LGBTQ individuals.
(202) 915-1422 View (202) 915-1422
Photo of Kelly Aguirre, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Kelly Aguirre
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MPH, LICSW, CGP
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20009
I am a developmental-trauma-trained psychotherapist offering somatic and IFS-informed interventions. I offer individual, couple, and group psychotherapy in Dupont & Hyattsville, MD. I look forward to working with you to increase your experiences of joy, pleasure, vitality, equanimity. I specialize in helping you develop meaningful and satisfying relationships- both personal and professional, and to resolve interpersonal traumas. If you want support to do the following: decrease stress, achieve work/life balance, being confident and assertive, have healthy relationships, actualizing your true self, I can and WANT to help.
I am a developmental-trauma-trained psychotherapist offering somatic and IFS-informed interventions. I offer individual, couple, and group psychotherapy in Dupont & Hyattsville, MD. I look forward to working with you to increase your experiences of joy, pleasure, vitality, equanimity. I specialize in helping you develop meaningful and satisfying relationships- both personal and professional, and to resolve interpersonal traumas. If you want support to do the following: decrease stress, achieve work/life balance, being confident and assertive, have healthy relationships, actualizing your true self, I can and WANT to help.
View
Photo of Morgan Summers-Slaughter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Morgan Summers-Slaughter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20009  (Online Only)
I love to work with clients in the process of working through identity struggles, and dynamics at play that impact a person's ability to be authentic. I'm particularly interested in working with young adults, and those in and around the LGBTQIA+ community. I work to provide an affirming, supportive space for healing and growth for all clients regardless of their age, sexual orientation, gender identity, religious background and practices (or lack thereof), or any other factor.
I love to work with clients in the process of working through identity struggles, and dynamics at play that impact a person's ability to be authentic. I'm particularly interested in working with young adults, and those in and around the LGBTQIA+ community. I work to provide an affirming, supportive space for healing and growth for all clients regardless of their age, sexual orientation, gender identity, religious background and practices (or lack thereof), or any other factor.
(240) 219-6923 View (240) 219-6923
Photo of Evyan Roberts, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Evyan Roberts
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20017
The people I work with want to change the way they feel and relate to themselves, their life circumstances, and their relationships. We might be a good fit if you are experiencing sadness, anxiety, low motivation or self-esteem, intergenerational trauma, and/or feelings of grief and loss. I particularly enjoy working with people who want to increase self-worth, self-esteem, and self-empowerment, women of color, indigenous populations, and LGBTQIA+, survivors of trauma, domestic violence, sexual assault, and harassment, and people living with medical conditions, grief, and loss.
The people I work with want to change the way they feel and relate to themselves, their life circumstances, and their relationships. We might be a good fit if you are experiencing sadness, anxiety, low motivation or self-esteem, intergenerational trauma, and/or feelings of grief and loss. I particularly enjoy working with people who want to increase self-worth, self-esteem, and self-empowerment, women of color, indigenous populations, and LGBTQIA+, survivors of trauma, domestic violence, sexual assault, and harassment, and people living with medical conditions, grief, and loss.
(866) 779-3230 View (866) 779-3230
Photo of Nichole L Blackmon, Counselor in Washington, DC
Nichole L Blackmon
Counselor, MA, LCPC, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20019
I provide counseling to individuals who are seeking counseling for everyday life issues such as job, family, relationship concerns, and grief counseling. I also work with individuals living with depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. My goal is to provide encouragement and instill hope and empowerment to help individuals become the authors of their own destiny.
I provide counseling to individuals who are seeking counseling for everyday life issues such as job, family, relationship concerns, and grief counseling. I also work with individuals living with depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. My goal is to provide encouragement and instill hope and empowerment to help individuals become the authors of their own destiny.
(202) 972-1855 View (202) 972-1855

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Washington, DC

2,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Washington, DC who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% CareFirst
53% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Washington, DC see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Washington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.