Therapists in Vancouver, WA

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Photo of Hanna Maxwell, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Hanna Maxwell
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98660
Accepting new clients! Maybe you have a box in your head that's labeled "Past Stuff." You put in all the things you don't like thinking about: hurts from your childhood, the memories of things you did that play on a loop in your head if you're not careful. Lately, things have been leaking out. You feel less in control of your life, and the memories that used to stay in the box are escaping. Or maybe you know the box is there and have a sense that you should sort through it, but you're not sure about doing it alone.
Accepting new clients! Maybe you have a box in your head that's labeled "Past Stuff." You put in all the things you don't like thinking about: hurts from your childhood, the memories of things you did that play on a loop in your head if you're not careful. Lately, things have been leaking out. You feel less in control of your life, and the memories that used to stay in the box are escaping. Or maybe you know the box is there and have a sense that you should sort through it, but you're not sure about doing it alone.
(360) 732-8375 View (360) 732-8375
Photo of Kristine Kemp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Kristine Kemp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662  (Online Only)
Stress and anxiety manifest in various ways, from persistent worry and restlessness to physical symptoms like headaches and sleep disturbances. These conditions can significantly impact daily life, making tasks feel insurmountable. I specialize in helping individuals understand these symptoms, offering a supportive space to address their root causes. By acknowledging these experiences, we can work together towards managing their effects, aiming for a more balanced and fulfilling life.
Stress and anxiety manifest in various ways, from persistent worry and restlessness to physical symptoms like headaches and sleep disturbances. These conditions can significantly impact daily life, making tasks feel insurmountable. I specialize in helping individuals understand these symptoms, offering a supportive space to address their root causes. By acknowledging these experiences, we can work together towards managing their effects, aiming for a more balanced and fulfilling life.
(360) 516-2952 View (360) 516-2952
Photo of Sara Giza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Sara Giza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662  (Online Only)
After receiving my master’s degree in Social Work from the University of Louisville and obtaining a certification on executive leadership strategy for violence and abuse prevention from the University of Pennsylvania, I moved to Vancouver in June 2021. I spent ten years working in various nonprofits and community organizations’ before going to graduate school. My professional background involves working with both teens and adults on their mental health challenges. My areas of expertise include working heavily with trauma, sexual assault, domestic violence, grief, chronic illness and LGBTQ+ issues.
After receiving my master’s degree in Social Work from the University of Louisville and obtaining a certification on executive leadership strategy for violence and abuse prevention from the University of Pennsylvania, I moved to Vancouver in June 2021. I spent ten years working in various nonprofits and community organizations’ before going to graduate school. My professional background involves working with both teens and adults on their mental health challenges. My areas of expertise include working heavily with trauma, sexual assault, domestic violence, grief, chronic illness and LGBTQ+ issues.
(360) 209-7507 View (360) 209-7507
Photo of Laura Evans, Psychologist in Vancouver, WA
Laura Evans
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98660
Times of uncertainty often draw our attention to our fears and anxieties, but they also illuminate the things that are most important to us. Whether you’re wanting to learn more about yourself; worrying about your child’s well-being; suffering the loss of a loved one; processing abuse or trauma; experiencing a major life transition; feeling unsatisfied in your relationships; or are just wanting more out of life, therapy may be a great place to start.
Times of uncertainty often draw our attention to our fears and anxieties, but they also illuminate the things that are most important to us. Whether you’re wanting to learn more about yourself; worrying about your child’s well-being; suffering the loss of a loved one; processing abuse or trauma; experiencing a major life transition; feeling unsatisfied in your relationships; or are just wanting more out of life, therapy may be a great place to start.
(360) 228-2374 View (360) 228-2374
Photo of Brenda Burris, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Brenda Burris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662  (Online Only)
Brenda has over twenty-five years of experience providing individual, couple, family, and group counseling services. Brenda has experience providing culturally competent care to a myriad of individuals. Brenda utilizes integrative and holistic approaches to mental health therapy as well as various therapeutic modalities.
Brenda has over twenty-five years of experience providing individual, couple, family, and group counseling services. Brenda has experience providing culturally competent care to a myriad of individuals. Brenda utilizes integrative and holistic approaches to mental health therapy as well as various therapeutic modalities.
(360) 873-5713 View (360) 873-5713
Photo of Jaclin Belabri, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Jaclin Belabri
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98684  (Online Only)
Are you feeling alone, ashamed or disconnected and feel like no one else understands what you are going through? Do you struggle to know who you are or what you stand for? There are reasons that you are feeling this way. I am here to help explore why you feel stuck and give you a way out of your pain. I have a passion to help women find their true essence by collaborating with them so they live out their full potential. I specialize in helping them understand how past trauma shaped their self-perception and impacted how they relate to the world. You can change old coping mechanisms and live life filled with connection, love and joy.
Are you feeling alone, ashamed or disconnected and feel like no one else understands what you are going through? Do you struggle to know who you are or what you stand for? There are reasons that you are feeling this way. I am here to help explore why you feel stuck and give you a way out of your pain. I have a passion to help women find their true essence by collaborating with them so they live out their full potential. I specialize in helping them understand how past trauma shaped their self-perception and impacted how they relate to the world. You can change old coping mechanisms and live life filled with connection, love and joy.
(360) 979-1652 View (360) 979-1652
Photo of Creative Holistic Counseling, Psychologist in Vancouver, WA
Creative Holistic Counseling
Psychologist, PsyD, RPT, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98686
Counseling: As a holistic counselor, I work with individuals and couples using a creative and holistic approach that is strength-based and client-centered. Together, we will develop working goals and create a toolbox of personal and unique gifts.
Counseling: As a holistic counselor, I work with individuals and couples using a creative and holistic approach that is strength-based and client-centered. Together, we will develop working goals and create a toolbox of personal and unique gifts.
(360) 388-4310 View (360) 388-4310
Photo of Sarah J Psychotherapy, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Sarah J Psychotherapy
Counselor, LMHC, MA
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98660  (Online Only)
In my practice, I strive to help you get to a place of peace, balance of mind, and stability, through providing direction to help you live a satisfying and meaningful life on your own terms. My approach to therapy is collaborative, inclusive, empowerment-focused, and nonjudgemental. I am especially passionate about working with individuals who struggle with eating disorders and body image concerns. I draw from a variety of therapeutic perspectives, though I most often incorporate "Health at Every Size", mindfulness, and liberation psychology into treatment.
In my practice, I strive to help you get to a place of peace, balance of mind, and stability, through providing direction to help you live a satisfying and meaningful life on your own terms. My approach to therapy is collaborative, inclusive, empowerment-focused, and nonjudgemental. I am especially passionate about working with individuals who struggle with eating disorders and body image concerns. I draw from a variety of therapeutic perspectives, though I most often incorporate "Health at Every Size", mindfulness, and liberation psychology into treatment.
(360) 364-5661 View (360) 364-5661
Photo of Megan Rabon, Psychologist in Vancouver, WA
Megan Rabon
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98683
Education Education: Psy. D. (Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, 2011, George Fox University); M. A. (Master of Arts in Clinical Psychology, 2007, George Fox University); and B.A. (Bachelor of Arts in Psychology, 2004, Washington State University Vancouver). Experience: Presently in practice at Western Psychological and Counseling Services, Vancouver, Washington including individual therapy, and group therapy. Post-doctoral residency at Western Psychological and Counseling Services, Portland and Beaverton, Oregon from October 2011 until July 2014 providing individual therapy with adults, children and adolescents.
Education Education: Psy. D. (Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, 2011, George Fox University); M. A. (Master of Arts in Clinical Psychology, 2007, George Fox University); and B.A. (Bachelor of Arts in Psychology, 2004, Washington State University Vancouver). Experience: Presently in practice at Western Psychological and Counseling Services, Vancouver, Washington including individual therapy, and group therapy. Post-doctoral residency at Western Psychological and Counseling Services, Portland and Beaverton, Oregon from October 2011 until July 2014 providing individual therapy with adults, children and adolescents.
(360) 361-8886 View (360) 361-8886
Photo of Jamie Califf, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Jamie Califf
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98686
I am committed to offering empathic rapport, evidenced based approaches, and meeting each individual right where they are. This includes integrating each individual's personal, spiritual, and cultural perspectives and experiences, at their request. I work with older kids, teens, young adults, and individual adults, seeking solutions for a variety of concerns including: depression, anxiety, stress management, trauma, communication, and relationships. I have received additional training in expressive therapies including play therapy and sand tray therapy.
I am committed to offering empathic rapport, evidenced based approaches, and meeting each individual right where they are. This includes integrating each individual's personal, spiritual, and cultural perspectives and experiences, at their request. I work with older kids, teens, young adults, and individual adults, seeking solutions for a variety of concerns including: depression, anxiety, stress management, trauma, communication, and relationships. I have received additional training in expressive therapies including play therapy and sand tray therapy.
(360) 558-3147 View (360) 558-3147
Photo of Claire Bemis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Claire Bemis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98668  (Online Only)
You may feel alone and isolated, or experience the common core belief many of us carry of feeling "not good enough" in the many roles you take on in your daily life. Do you feel as though you are missing out on your life because of the symptoms you are experiencing? You don't have to navigate this time in your life on your own. Beginning therapy is a courageous step in searching for a better balance in life and a greater belief in yourself and I would love to be by your side on this journey.
You may feel alone and isolated, or experience the common core belief many of us carry of feeling "not good enough" in the many roles you take on in your daily life. Do you feel as though you are missing out on your life because of the symptoms you are experiencing? You don't have to navigate this time in your life on your own. Beginning therapy is a courageous step in searching for a better balance in life and a greater belief in yourself and I would love to be by your side on this journey.
(860) 431-2532 View (860) 431-2532
Photo of Tonya Molnar, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Tonya Molnar
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, MHP
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98686  (Online Only)
Are you exhausted, tired, stressed-out, and always on edge? Do you find racing thoughts are keeping you awake at night, tossing and turning instead of sleeping? You may be fed up with constant anxiety and lack of sleep that leaves you feeling tired and irritable and is causing you problems at work or home. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But, one this is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to start sleeping soundly again. You’re ready to start feeling good again. Most of all, you’re ready to start feeling energized about your life again.
Are you exhausted, tired, stressed-out, and always on edge? Do you find racing thoughts are keeping you awake at night, tossing and turning instead of sleeping? You may be fed up with constant anxiety and lack of sleep that leaves you feeling tired and irritable and is causing you problems at work or home. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But, one this is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to start sleeping soundly again. You’re ready to start feeling good again. Most of all, you’re ready to start feeling energized about your life again.
(360) 953-5896 View (360) 953-5896
Photo of Mindfulness Tranquility, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Mindfulness Tranquility
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, Dean, Hill, LICSW
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662  (Online Only)
I believe people are innately good, need connection, purpose, and the need to be valued. Many times, fear or doubt get in the way of decisions to take risks. I am here to support, encourage, and help each client navigate their own specific journey. Helping people, couples, and families is why I choose to be a therapist.
I believe people are innately good, need connection, purpose, and the need to be valued. Many times, fear or doubt get in the way of decisions to take risks. I am here to support, encourage, and help each client navigate their own specific journey. Helping people, couples, and families is why I choose to be a therapist.
(360) 323-6329 View (360) 323-6329
Photo of Mark Sheahan, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Mark Sheahan
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98683
Trauma, in its many forms, creates a barrier to joy. We endure symptoms and work hard to adjust, but sometimes it's hard to manage. Many people develop instinctive coping skills to survive, and yet, these survival skills create residual anxiety and depression. Each can lead to isolation. No one should be alone with these experiences. I hope to share my knowledge to help you manage your trauma. I'm an eclectic counselor, former teacher, and full-time empath trained multiple modalities. My background helping others has created a noticeable enthusiasm to connect and share in my client's story of growth and change.
Trauma, in its many forms, creates a barrier to joy. We endure symptoms and work hard to adjust, but sometimes it's hard to manage. Many people develop instinctive coping skills to survive, and yet, these survival skills create residual anxiety and depression. Each can lead to isolation. No one should be alone with these experiences. I hope to share my knowledge to help you manage your trauma. I'm an eclectic counselor, former teacher, and full-time empath trained multiple modalities. My background helping others has created a noticeable enthusiasm to connect and share in my client's story of growth and change.
(360) 401-8057 View (360) 401-8057
Photo of Angel's Marriage and Individual Counseling, Marriage & Family Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Angel's Marriage and Individual Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98661  (Online Only)
Online Marriage Counseling and Individual Counseling for residents of Oregon, Washington and California - Do you want to decrease conflict and increase intimacy? Do you wish to establish and maintain a loving relationship with your partner where you feel safe, loved, and connected? If you said yes to these questions, Emotionally Focused Couples Counseling can greatly benefit you. You and your partner deserve to be happy, and I am here to help. Please visit my website Angels Marriage Counseling and click on the button Book to schedule a session.
Online Marriage Counseling and Individual Counseling for residents of Oregon, Washington and California - Do you want to decrease conflict and increase intimacy? Do you wish to establish and maintain a loving relationship with your partner where you feel safe, loved, and connected? If you said yes to these questions, Emotionally Focused Couples Counseling can greatly benefit you. You and your partner deserve to be happy, and I am here to help. Please visit my website Angels Marriage Counseling and click on the button Book to schedule a session.
(360) 558-3433 View (360) 558-3433
Photo of Heather N Gaines, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Heather N Gaines
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CMHS
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98665  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome! I am a Licensed Mental Health Therapist (LMHC), as well as being credentialed as a Child Mental Health Specialist, in Washington State. I work with both adults and adolescents, primarily specializing in patients who struggle with anxiety and mood disorders. My approach to counseling is one of collaboration. I use a wholistic approach to my clients; encouraging them to take the lead in their therapy wants, needs, concerns, etc. and maintain their personal autonomy.
Hello and welcome! I am a Licensed Mental Health Therapist (LMHC), as well as being credentialed as a Child Mental Health Specialist, in Washington State. I work with both adults and adolescents, primarily specializing in patients who struggle with anxiety and mood disorders. My approach to counseling is one of collaboration. I use a wholistic approach to my clients; encouraging them to take the lead in their therapy wants, needs, concerns, etc. and maintain their personal autonomy.
(360) 996-6397 View (360) 996-6397
Photo of Dr. Richard Shaw, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Dr. Richard Shaw
Counselor, DMFT, LMHC, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98664
Hi, my name is Richard Shaw and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Washington State and a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Oregon, providing Professional Counseling Services for more than 25 years, currently offering in office and zoom appointments. I am also an Associate Professor of over 25 years in the Graduate School of Counseling at George Fox University. I have been married for over 30 years and have two adult children. I am originally from Nebraska and in my free time, I enjoy movies, the Oregon coast and college and professional football.
Hi, my name is Richard Shaw and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Washington State and a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Oregon, providing Professional Counseling Services for more than 25 years, currently offering in office and zoom appointments. I am also an Associate Professor of over 25 years in the Graduate School of Counseling at George Fox University. I have been married for over 30 years and have two adult children. I am originally from Nebraska and in my free time, I enjoy movies, the Oregon coast and college and professional football.
(360) 215-3925 View (360) 215-3925
Photo of Alissa Marie Fisher, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Alissa Marie Fisher
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98683
Are you feeling anxious, off-kilter, or struggling with emotions? Maybe you wish you could connect to others in different ways, but you don’t know how to start. Perhaps you want to change how you relate to your child but don’t know where to begin, or are trying to cope with a loss. My philosophy is that our relationships and experiences set the tone in how we relate to others and ourselves. Uncovering unhealthy patterns in relationships and thinking can free us to change how we experience and move through life, opening us up to healing and health.
Are you feeling anxious, off-kilter, or struggling with emotions? Maybe you wish you could connect to others in different ways, but you don’t know how to start. Perhaps you want to change how you relate to your child but don’t know where to begin, or are trying to cope with a loss. My philosophy is that our relationships and experiences set the tone in how we relate to others and ourselves. Uncovering unhealthy patterns in relationships and thinking can free us to change how we experience and move through life, opening us up to healing and health.
(360) 996-1475 View (360) 996-1475
Photo of Colleen Storey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Vancouver, WA
Colleen Storey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSWA, GRMS
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98660
Have you experienced a loss? Are you grieving and haven't seemed to be able to move forward in your life? Perhaps you have just gone through a divorce, a bad break-up, or have begun the difficult journey of walking beside a loved one on their journey through Dementia/Alzheimer's. The Grief Recovery Method (GRM) is an action orientated program designed to help an individual like you complete the relationship to pain, isolation, and loneliness caused by a significant loss. It provides a method of releasing unfinished business which then allows you, the griever, to more forward towards a more healthy, joyful, and productive life.
Have you experienced a loss? Are you grieving and haven't seemed to be able to move forward in your life? Perhaps you have just gone through a divorce, a bad break-up, or have begun the difficult journey of walking beside a loved one on their journey through Dementia/Alzheimer's. The Grief Recovery Method (GRM) is an action orientated program designed to help an individual like you complete the relationship to pain, isolation, and loneliness caused by a significant loss. It provides a method of releasing unfinished business which then allows you, the griever, to more forward towards a more healthy, joyful, and productive life.
(833) 627-0215 View (833) 627-0215
Photo of Christina Flynn, Counselor in Vancouver, WA
Christina Flynn
Counselor, LICSW, CMHS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98660
Not accepting new clients
People seek therapy for many reasons but they usually want to feel heard and understood. Therapy can be a place where you can explore barriers getting in the way of reaching your full potential, learn how to manage strong feelings, and shift unhealthy patterns. Humans are ever-evolving as we navigate this world and its challenges. In our sessions, people feel heard and learn how to better understand each other. We don’t want to just float through life, so let’s start thriving!
People seek therapy for many reasons but they usually want to feel heard and understood. Therapy can be a place where you can explore barriers getting in the way of reaching your full potential, learn how to manage strong feelings, and shift unhealthy patterns. Humans are ever-evolving as we navigate this world and its challenges. In our sessions, people feel heard and learn how to better understand each other. We don’t want to just float through life, so let’s start thriving!
(360) 583-4406 View (360) 583-4406

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Vancouver, WA

800+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Vancouver, WA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
76% Trauma and PTSD
71% Relationship Issues
69% Self Esteem
67% Grief
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

71% Aetna
54% Cigna and Evernorth
51% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Vancouver, WA see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Vancouver?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.