Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Frances Tung, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Frances Tung
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60609
I am passionate about empowering people to thrive and fulfill their potential as well as achieve greater life satisfaction. I have worked with many people who are navigating difficulties to be able to gain greater levels of confidence and growth. I use a collaborative and goal-oriented approach in therapy. I seek to help clients build on their strengths and ultimately to be able to experience life more fully.
I am passionate about empowering people to thrive and fulfill their potential as well as achieve greater life satisfaction. I have worked with many people who are navigating difficulties to be able to gain greater levels of confidence and growth. I use a collaborative and goal-oriented approach in therapy. I seek to help clients build on their strengths and ultimately to be able to experience life more fully.
(872) 401-6041 View (872) 401-6041
Photo of Hannah Lynn Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Hannah Lynn Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60604
Have you felt invisible, misunderstood, and tired of showing up for everyone else? Maybe you've reached out and haven't found someone to lean on or trust. Have you gone to coping mechanisms like eating disorders or drinking to find a sense of control? Are you having relational issues in your family, with friends, or with your partner? Have you experienced seasons of anxiety or depression? Have you ever been exposed to or experienced sexism or spiritual abuse? Are you experiencing betrayal trauma from your partner because of sex addiction? If any of these resonate with you, I'd love to meet you.
Have you felt invisible, misunderstood, and tired of showing up for everyone else? Maybe you've reached out and haven't found someone to lean on or trust. Have you gone to coping mechanisms like eating disorders or drinking to find a sense of control? Are you having relational issues in your family, with friends, or with your partner? Have you experienced seasons of anxiety or depression? Have you ever been exposed to or experienced sexism or spiritual abuse? Are you experiencing betrayal trauma from your partner because of sex addiction? If any of these resonate with you, I'd love to meet you.
(630) 756-6519 View (630) 756-6519
Photo of Sam Macy, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Sam Macy
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60605
I believe every person has the capacity to face their challenges, to become unstuck from self-defeating patterns, and to live their life in a more empowering and authentic way. I offer integrative, multiculturally-informed psychotherapy for adults of all ages. Some common themes that emerge in my work include relationship concerns, life transitions, identity issues, trauma, existential distress, finding meaning and purpose, and anxiety and depression. I am committed to helping my clients develop self-compassion, interpersonal awareness, intentionality, and balance in their lives.
I believe every person has the capacity to face their challenges, to become unstuck from self-defeating patterns, and to live their life in a more empowering and authentic way. I offer integrative, multiculturally-informed psychotherapy for adults of all ages. Some common themes that emerge in my work include relationship concerns, life transitions, identity issues, trauma, existential distress, finding meaning and purpose, and anxiety and depression. I am committed to helping my clients develop self-compassion, interpersonal awareness, intentionality, and balance in their lives.
(312) 728-4429 View (312) 728-4429
Photo of Therapy For Millennial Burnout With Dr. Paige Hover, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Therapy For Millennial Burnout With Dr. Paige Hover
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60618  (Online Only)
I am an out of network psychologist offering telehealth therapy and psych/neuropsych evaluations. I provide online therapy for clients living in IL and NY. For therapy: I specialize in anxiety and burnout. I work with anxious, high achieving perfectionists who also identify as people pleasers. I help clients manage & prevent burnout, set boundaries & reduce stress. I like working with healthcare professionals, corporate millennials, entrepreneurs, medical students & grad students.
I am an out of network psychologist offering telehealth therapy and psych/neuropsych evaluations. I provide online therapy for clients living in IL and NY. For therapy: I specialize in anxiety and burnout. I work with anxious, high achieving perfectionists who also identify as people pleasers. I help clients manage & prevent burnout, set boundaries & reduce stress. I like working with healthcare professionals, corporate millennials, entrepreneurs, medical students & grad students.
(312) 626-9156 View (312) 626-9156
Photo of Sacha Olan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sacha Olan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family therapist who believes healthy relationships are the stepping stones to healing, processing, and understanding not only each other but also ourselves. While utilizing Gottman, emotion-focused, strategic, and experiential approaches, I seek to create a space for clients to feel safe in their therapeutic process. I also provide a space for couples to reconnect, rebuild, and redefine their relationship at each stage of their lives. I acknowledge each client’s experiences as their own while providing a systemic perspective to assist them in their process to self-discovery.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family therapist who believes healthy relationships are the stepping stones to healing, processing, and understanding not only each other but also ourselves. While utilizing Gottman, emotion-focused, strategic, and experiential approaches, I seek to create a space for clients to feel safe in their therapeutic process. I also provide a space for couples to reconnect, rebuild, and redefine their relationship at each stage of their lives. I acknowledge each client’s experiences as their own while providing a systemic perspective to assist them in their process to self-discovery.
(312) 584-9734 View (312) 584-9734
Photo of The Aspen Center, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
The Aspen Center
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602
The Aspen Center team is here to help you address the specific ways the pandemic has affected your life. We offer in-person or telehealth sessions. We can help with Social Isolation, Work-Life Balance, Parenting, Relationship Stress, Agoraphobia, Grief and Loss, Financial Stress / Strain, Anxiety, and Depression. Further, your Insurance may cover Teletherapy (We can check for you!) At The Aspen Center, our personalized approach focuses on partnership and respect, with an emphasis on the mind-body connection. You can expect an environment that conveys a sense of warmth, comfort, and confidentiality, whether in person or on Zoom.
The Aspen Center team is here to help you address the specific ways the pandemic has affected your life. We offer in-person or telehealth sessions. We can help with Social Isolation, Work-Life Balance, Parenting, Relationship Stress, Agoraphobia, Grief and Loss, Financial Stress / Strain, Anxiety, and Depression. Further, your Insurance may cover Teletherapy (We can check for you!) At The Aspen Center, our personalized approach focuses on partnership and respect, with an emphasis on the mind-body connection. You can expect an environment that conveys a sense of warmth, comfort, and confidentiality, whether in person or on Zoom.
(312) 757-8874 View (312) 757-8874
Photo of Meghan Farrell, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Meghan Farrell
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60654  (Online Only)
Because I believe growth and healing happens within the therapeutic relationship, I work towards fostering a safe space built upon trust and authenticity. I use an integrative, person-centered, framework to understand you in the context of your unique experience. Together, we will work toward understanding your thoughts and emotions, explore what might be contributing to problematic behaviors, and develop coping skills based on your strengths and support systems.
Because I believe growth and healing happens within the therapeutic relationship, I work towards fostering a safe space built upon trust and authenticity. I use an integrative, person-centered, framework to understand you in the context of your unique experience. Together, we will work toward understanding your thoughts and emotions, explore what might be contributing to problematic behaviors, and develop coping skills based on your strengths and support systems.
(872) 276-8472 View (872) 276-8472
Photo of Nadia Jamison, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Nadia Jamison
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60607  (Online Only)
I aim to support you in uncovering personal insights, developing coping strategies, and building resilience against challenges like anxiety, depression, trauma, bipolar disorder, loss, and relationship issues. I work with a diverse range of multicultural and unique clients, including adults, teens, and families, offering tailored support and guidance to navigate life transitions and promote overall well-being. Together, delve deep into family dynamics or personal aspirations to uncover areas for growth and development, with the intention to interrupt the unwanted cycles.
I aim to support you in uncovering personal insights, developing coping strategies, and building resilience against challenges like anxiety, depression, trauma, bipolar disorder, loss, and relationship issues. I work with a diverse range of multicultural and unique clients, including adults, teens, and families, offering tailored support and guidance to navigate life transitions and promote overall well-being. Together, delve deep into family dynamics or personal aspirations to uncover areas for growth and development, with the intention to interrupt the unwanted cycles.
(773) 819-6815 View (773) 819-6815
Photo of Yessenia Gonzalez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Yessenia Gonzalez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60622
Yessenia Gonzalez is a Licensed Social Worker who specializes in providing therapeutic services to children and families. Based in Chicago, Illinois, Yessenia employs Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Play Therapy in her approach, tailoring her methods to meet the unique needs of each individual. Her professional journey was inspired by her personal experiences with a supportive therapist during her younger years, which instilled in her the power of being heard and understood.
Yessenia Gonzalez is a Licensed Social Worker who specializes in providing therapeutic services to children and families. Based in Chicago, Illinois, Yessenia employs Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Play Therapy in her approach, tailoring her methods to meet the unique needs of each individual. Her professional journey was inspired by her personal experiences with a supportive therapist during her younger years, which instilled in her the power of being heard and understood.
(773) 492-8233 View (773) 492-8233
Photo of Katie Richie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Katie Richie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60615
I work intentionally to provide a safe, nonjudgemental space to support people on their journey of self-discovery. I believe therapy can be a beautiful space to get to know oneself, one's desires, hopes and goals, and explore whether we're living our life day-to-day in a way that's true to that. I work with people who are wanting to get to know themselves deeper, make changes in the way they're living, navigate life transitions, and build self-compassion and confidence.
I work intentionally to provide a safe, nonjudgemental space to support people on their journey of self-discovery. I believe therapy can be a beautiful space to get to know oneself, one's desires, hopes and goals, and explore whether we're living our life day-to-day in a way that's true to that. I work with people who are wanting to get to know themselves deeper, make changes in the way they're living, navigate life transitions, and build self-compassion and confidence.
(872) 250-5762 View (872) 250-5762
Photo of Jennifer Stridh, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Jennifer Stridh
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
Therapy can be a vulnerable process to initiate, whatever brings you in is worthy of time and attention. Many aspects of life can be difficult, recurring and even intolerable. Hope or frustration may have brought you here, in pursuit of the change that continues to mystify you and simultaneously carry you onto the next day. Therapy may support you in working grain by grain towards small adjustments that add up and create new possibilities. Sometimes things don't change, though, and you may have to contend with that powerlessness too. For now, you can begin to get to know yourself and your patterns with more clarity and compassion.
Therapy can be a vulnerable process to initiate, whatever brings you in is worthy of time and attention. Many aspects of life can be difficult, recurring and even intolerable. Hope or frustration may have brought you here, in pursuit of the change that continues to mystify you and simultaneously carry you onto the next day. Therapy may support you in working grain by grain towards small adjustments that add up and create new possibilities. Sometimes things don't change, though, and you may have to contend with that powerlessness too. For now, you can begin to get to know yourself and your patterns with more clarity and compassion.
(872) 704-8723 View (872) 704-8723
Photo of Mayra Sotomayor, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Mayra Sotomayor
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
I have experience working with diverse populations including individuals with anxiety, depression, addiction, chronic mental illness, trauma, survivors of human trafficking, relational issues, first generation and immigrant families. I have worked in different environments such as community mental health, faith based programs, and intensive care. I work through a trauma- informed lens that will help with mindfulness, awareness and self compassion. I am passionate about providing a holistic approach to help my clients understand how our physical, spiritual, mental and emotional wellbeing plays a role in our life satisfaction.
I have experience working with diverse populations including individuals with anxiety, depression, addiction, chronic mental illness, trauma, survivors of human trafficking, relational issues, first generation and immigrant families. I have worked in different environments such as community mental health, faith based programs, and intensive care. I work through a trauma- informed lens that will help with mindfulness, awareness and self compassion. I am passionate about providing a holistic approach to help my clients understand how our physical, spiritual, mental and emotional wellbeing plays a role in our life satisfaction.
(872) 713-6375 View (872) 713-6375
Photo of David P Ley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
David P Ley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
I help clients develop "mindfulness" to gain easy access to a self that is integrated and connected with others. I focus not on what is wrong but on what would help restore a sense of sanity and mental health to the expanding experience of life
I help clients develop "mindfulness" to gain easy access to a self that is integrated and connected with others. I focus not on what is wrong but on what would help restore a sense of sanity and mental health to the expanding experience of life
(872) 233-4776 View (872) 233-4776
Photo of Samantha Dallas, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Samantha Dallas
Counselor, MEd, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614  (Online Only)
I approach therapy with the belief that everyone deserves to be heard in a safe, non-judgmental environment. I believe that when we are in a quieter, calmer state of being that we can begin to process feelings, making healthier decisions for ourselves. Life is difficult, and sometimes we need extra support through difficult events in our life. I'm an advocate for practicing healthy boundaries and self-care so that we can keep our lives in balance.
I approach therapy with the belief that everyone deserves to be heard in a safe, non-judgmental environment. I believe that when we are in a quieter, calmer state of being that we can begin to process feelings, making healthier decisions for ourselves. Life is difficult, and sometimes we need extra support through difficult events in our life. I'm an advocate for practicing healthy boundaries and self-care so that we can keep our lives in balance.
(773) 673-9628 View (773) 673-9628
Photo of Melissa Buchmeier, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Melissa Buchmeier
Psychologist, PsyD, HSP
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
Sometimes we need the kind of help that comes from talking to a professional who is a compassionate and skilled listener. My approach to psychotherapy involves a collaborative relationship with opportunities for you to know and understand yourself better, work through deeper issues and difficult emotions caused by experiences in relationships (past/present), and manage stress effectively. All of this allows you to live your life more fully. I also offer mindfulness skills and meditation practices, which promote healing in the body, alleviate anxiety and depression, and help one cope with stress adaptively.
Sometimes we need the kind of help that comes from talking to a professional who is a compassionate and skilled listener. My approach to psychotherapy involves a collaborative relationship with opportunities for you to know and understand yourself better, work through deeper issues and difficult emotions caused by experiences in relationships (past/present), and manage stress effectively. All of this allows you to live your life more fully. I also offer mindfulness skills and meditation practices, which promote healing in the body, alleviate anxiety and depression, and help one cope with stress adaptively.
(773) 906-4214 View (773) 906-4214
Photo of Alexandra R. Susi, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Alexandra R. Susi
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60618
I approach clients with genuine curiosity, respect, and acceptance. I believe psychotherapy to be a vessel through which you can gain a deeper and fuller understanding of who you are and how you interact with the world. I view each therapy as shaped by the unique partnership between therapist and the client. It is through this partnership that you can begin to trust your emotional experiences, learn new ways of communicating, identify wants and needs, develop insight into your past and present, and clarify what is important and meaningful to you.
I approach clients with genuine curiosity, respect, and acceptance. I believe psychotherapy to be a vessel through which you can gain a deeper and fuller understanding of who you are and how you interact with the world. I view each therapy as shaped by the unique partnership between therapist and the client. It is through this partnership that you can begin to trust your emotional experiences, learn new ways of communicating, identify wants and needs, develop insight into your past and present, and clarify what is important and meaningful to you.
(773) 825-2655 View (773) 825-2655
Photo of Jarom Matheson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Jarom Matheson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60626  (Online Only)
We have our own journey full of triumphs, struggles, and failure. Therapy is a perfect format to process and come to the understanding of where and why you are that brings you to seek the service. My belief is that therapy is the place for the person to process and discuss each unique experience without judgment and develop a healthy way to cope or come to terms with the consequences. Therapy also can be your opportunity to be seen and heard, which would help you move toward the acceptance of yourself.
We have our own journey full of triumphs, struggles, and failure. Therapy is a perfect format to process and come to the understanding of where and why you are that brings you to seek the service. My belief is that therapy is the place for the person to process and discuss each unique experience without judgment and develop a healthy way to cope or come to terms with the consequences. Therapy also can be your opportunity to be seen and heard, which would help you move toward the acceptance of yourself.
(240) 380-2577 View (240) 380-2577
Photo of Crystal Thomas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Crystal Thomas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60605
As we grow and develop as humans, we often find ourselves confronted by issues from the past – issues we may have thought long-resolved. These issues can manifest in our relationship dynamics, our perceptions about ourselves, and our means of coping with our environment. My role is to join you in confronting these things so that you can integrate and learn the lessons these past experiences are meant to teach you. In our work together, you are the expert. You decide what your experiences mean and how they impact the person you are.
As we grow and develop as humans, we often find ourselves confronted by issues from the past – issues we may have thought long-resolved. These issues can manifest in our relationship dynamics, our perceptions about ourselves, and our means of coping with our environment. My role is to join you in confronting these things so that you can integrate and learn the lessons these past experiences are meant to teach you. In our work together, you are the expert. You decide what your experiences mean and how they impact the person you are.
(312) 626-9194 View (312) 626-9194
Photo of Cynthia Lubin Langtiw, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Cynthia Lubin Langtiw
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60654  (Online Only)
At our best we are connected. We are connected with ourselves. We believe that the best is in us and that we can live that authentically. We are connected with our families, friends, communities, and societies. There is congruence. I believe that we experience the deepest sorrows and difficulties when there is disconnection. When we are out of sorts, or disconnected, with a part of ourselves, family, friends, communities, or society, there is incongruence. My belief is that by identifying salient disconnections and working towards reconnection that one is on the path towards healing.
At our best we are connected. We are connected with ourselves. We believe that the best is in us and that we can live that authentically. We are connected with our families, friends, communities, and societies. There is congruence. I believe that we experience the deepest sorrows and difficulties when there is disconnection. When we are out of sorts, or disconnected, with a part of ourselves, family, friends, communities, or society, there is incongruence. My belief is that by identifying salient disconnections and working towards reconnection that one is on the path towards healing.
(312) 728-4026 View (312) 728-4026
Photo of Michael Palumbo, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Michael Palumbo
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602
The start of therapy is often a painful or stressful time. I will work with you to improve your current life and increase your future resilience. I believe the foundation of this work is often the experience of being truly heard. There are stories behind the things we do and the feelings we have. We usually know parts of these stories, but therapy helps us to know more. As we come to know more, we gain more control, and it becomes easier to meet life’s challenges. Additionally, we become better at seeing people and situations for what they really are, which helps us to avoid ruts at work and in our relationships.
The start of therapy is often a painful or stressful time. I will work with you to improve your current life and increase your future resilience. I believe the foundation of this work is often the experience of being truly heard. There are stories behind the things we do and the feelings we have. We usually know parts of these stories, but therapy helps us to know more. As we come to know more, we gain more control, and it becomes easier to meet life’s challenges. Additionally, we become better at seeing people and situations for what they really are, which helps us to avoid ruts at work and in our relationships.
(872) 278-3762 x9 View (872) 278-3762 x9

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
60% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.