Therapists in Williamsburg, VA

Photo of Dr. Rip McAdams Is Not Accepting New Clients, Licensed Professional Counselor in Williamsburg, VA
Dr. Rip McAdams Is Not Accepting New Clients
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
Williamsburg, VA 23185
We live in challenging times that can lead to a variety of individual and relational problems such as anxiety, depression, anger, and marital/family discord. Helping individuals, couples, and families to address and resolve such problems has been the focus of my clinical work and research over the years. Earlier in my career I specialized in work in the area of anger and aggression management, and I continue to have a strong interest in that work. As a Naval Special Warfare (UDT/SEAL) veteran, I am also interested in addressing the special needs of military service members, veterans, and their families.
We live in challenging times that can lead to a variety of individual and relational problems such as anxiety, depression, anger, and marital/family discord. Helping individuals, couples, and families to address and resolve such problems has been the focus of my clinical work and research over the years. Earlier in my career I specialized in work in the area of anger and aggression management, and I continue to have a strong interest in that work. As a Naval Special Warfare (UDT/SEAL) veteran, I am also interested in addressing the special needs of military service members, veterans, and their families.
(757) 210-6049 View (757) 210-6049
Photo of Zakia Simpson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Williamsburg, VA
Zakia Simpson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Williamsburg, VA 23188
Relationship is therapy. Most important aspect of healing is the degree of safety the client experiences with you. Safety is how well connected they are with you. You strive to understand the person to help them understand themselves. Holding space unconditionally, without judgement. My aim is to provide that for my clients. My areas of specialty are trauma, relationship issues, identity issues/self worth, transitions/stressors and distorted thinking patterns.
Relationship is therapy. Most important aspect of healing is the degree of safety the client experiences with you. Safety is how well connected they are with you. You strive to understand the person to help them understand themselves. Holding space unconditionally, without judgement. My aim is to provide that for my clients. My areas of specialty are trauma, relationship issues, identity issues/self worth, transitions/stressors and distorted thinking patterns.
(757) 895-7856 View (757) 895-7856
Photo of Stormi Addison, Resident in Counseling in Williamsburg, VA
Stormi Addison
Resident in Counseling, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23188  (Online Only)
Life can be difficult to navigate with challenges from the past and ongoing stressors which feels as if we're in a constant state of survival. Sound familiar? You are not alone. Therapy can be a safe space to explore and process these stressors, feelings, thoughts, etc. I work from a person-centered perspective to process your feelings, identify strengths, and help you access the tools you need to take back control to navigate the direction of your life. Through the art of processing information and applying evidence-based interventions, we will work together to meet your therapy goals and get a better grip on life.
Life can be difficult to navigate with challenges from the past and ongoing stressors which feels as if we're in a constant state of survival. Sound familiar? You are not alone. Therapy can be a safe space to explore and process these stressors, feelings, thoughts, etc. I work from a person-centered perspective to process your feelings, identify strengths, and help you access the tools you need to take back control to navigate the direction of your life. Through the art of processing information and applying evidence-based interventions, we will work together to meet your therapy goals and get a better grip on life.
(757) 210-7412 View (757) 210-7412
Photo of Joseph A Garcia, Psychologist in Williamsburg, VA
Joseph A Garcia
Psychologist, PsyD, LCP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23185
Not accepting new clients
NOT accepting new clients at this moment! I specialize in identity development in its many forms. This includes gender and sexual minority, religious/spiritual, and cultural identity. In addition, the big questions that we all face; the meaning of life, responsibility, our mortality and grief are areas that may be covered through our work. The ultimate goal in therapy is for you to achieve balance in your life and in yourself. This often begins with the management of symptoms that can range from depression, anxiety, phobias, or other forms of emotional instability that may interfere with healing on deeper, more sustainable, levels.
NOT accepting new clients at this moment! I specialize in identity development in its many forms. This includes gender and sexual minority, religious/spiritual, and cultural identity. In addition, the big questions that we all face; the meaning of life, responsibility, our mortality and grief are areas that may be covered through our work. The ultimate goal in therapy is for you to achieve balance in your life and in yourself. This often begins with the management of symptoms that can range from depression, anxiety, phobias, or other forms of emotional instability that may interfere with healing on deeper, more sustainable, levels.
(757) 267-9438 View (757) 267-9438
Photo of Kathy Verano, Licensed Professional Counselor in Williamsburg, VA
Kathy Verano
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23185  (Online Only)
*WILLIAM AND MARY STUDENT AND STAFF experienced. I provide a positive, supportive and nurturing environment for exploration of challenges such as anxiety, depression, life transitions and adjustment issues, relationship problems, grief, trauma, academic and job performance and chronic illness. I am experienced in many approaches including mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, family systems and creative and alternative therapies such as expressive arts.
*WILLIAM AND MARY STUDENT AND STAFF experienced. I provide a positive, supportive and nurturing environment for exploration of challenges such as anxiety, depression, life transitions and adjustment issues, relationship problems, grief, trauma, academic and job performance and chronic illness. I am experienced in many approaches including mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, family systems and creative and alternative therapies such as expressive arts.
(804) 255-9718 View (804) 255-9718
Photo of Matthew T Murphy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Williamsburg, VA
Matthew T Murphy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Williamsburg, VA 23185  (Online Only)
I practice CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy), ACT (acceptance and commitment therapy), TF-CBT (trauma-focused CBT), ABA (applied behavioral analysis), solution-focused therapy, and structural and strategic family therapy. I love learning about neurobiology and the effects that stress has on the brain. A client can expect to encounter a warm, compassionate, and encouraging soul who has a dry sense of humor and tends to address problems in a straightforward manner.
I practice CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy), ACT (acceptance and commitment therapy), TF-CBT (trauma-focused CBT), ABA (applied behavioral analysis), solution-focused therapy, and structural and strategic family therapy. I love learning about neurobiology and the effects that stress has on the brain. A client can expect to encounter a warm, compassionate, and encouraging soul who has a dry sense of humor and tends to address problems in a straightforward manner.
(804) 258-4624 View (804) 258-4624
Photo of Brittany Stroup, Licensed Professional Counselor in Williamsburg, VA
Brittany Stroup
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23185
Working in the mental health field since 2008, I have had the opportunity to work with a a great diversity of populations in a wide variety of settings. Each clinical encounter has helped shape my present practice. Over time, I have learned much about humans, our fundamental need for connection and understanding, and our great potential for healing and growth. I have cultivated a practice based on forming and maintaining therapeutic relationships that hold space and allow for important personal work to be done. Recently much of my work has been with adults in transitional states, including new parents and college students.
Working in the mental health field since 2008, I have had the opportunity to work with a a great diversity of populations in a wide variety of settings. Each clinical encounter has helped shape my present practice. Over time, I have learned much about humans, our fundamental need for connection and understanding, and our great potential for healing and growth. I have cultivated a practice based on forming and maintaining therapeutic relationships that hold space and allow for important personal work to be done. Recently much of my work has been with adults in transitional states, including new parents and college students.
(757) 781-0266 View (757) 781-0266
Photo of Katie Becker, Resident in Counseling in Williamsburg, VA
Katie Becker
Resident in Counseling, RC
Verified Verified
Williamsburg, VA 23188
Understanding that life can bring change, challenges, and obstacles, I meet clients where they are at. Going through daily life can be challenging and bring anxiety and depression and it can be helpful to have someone to talk to who listens to you, supports you, and helps you navigate these things. I have experience working with children (three to 18), college age students, and adults who have experienced trauma, grief, life changes and transitions, military transitions, school issues, and medical trauma and diagnoses. I want to work alongside clients to help them feel seen and heard in a safe and positive space.
Understanding that life can bring change, challenges, and obstacles, I meet clients where they are at. Going through daily life can be challenging and bring anxiety and depression and it can be helpful to have someone to talk to who listens to you, supports you, and helps you navigate these things. I have experience working with children (three to 18), college age students, and adults who have experienced trauma, grief, life changes and transitions, military transitions, school issues, and medical trauma and diagnoses. I want to work alongside clients to help them feel seen and heard in a safe and positive space.
(804) 904-9731 View (804) 904-9731
Photo of Tara Elsenpeter, Supervisee in Clinical Social Work in Williamsburg, VA
Tara Elsenpeter
Supervisee in Clinical Social Work, MSSW
Verified Verified
Williamsburg, VA 23185
Telehealth available using a HIPPA compliant platform. Telehealth has been proven effective in treating mental health issues. I have worked with adolescents, adults, and persons with a military affiliation. I have experience working with individuals with anxiety, depression, adjustment issues, self-esteem issues, trauma, behavioral management, life transitions, and substance use issues.
Telehealth available using a HIPPA compliant platform. Telehealth has been proven effective in treating mental health issues. I have worked with adolescents, adults, and persons with a military affiliation. I have experience working with individuals with anxiety, depression, adjustment issues, self-esteem issues, trauma, behavioral management, life transitions, and substance use issues.
(757) 797-8994 View (757) 797-8994
Photo of Maxi T. Trent, Pre-Licensed Professional in Williamsburg, VA
Maxi T. Trent
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC , QHMP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23185
I have spent my entire career working to help make the lives of others better. From working with the victims of Hurricane Katrina to working and serving the homeless in Washington, DC. The majority of my life has been spent in the service of others. I graduated from Liberty University with a master’s in Professional Counseling and a Master of Arts in Human Services Counseling: Addiction and Treatment. I have learned to help effectively and efficiently those suffering from mental illness. I believe in treating the whole person, and sometimes that includes working with their families.
I have spent my entire career working to help make the lives of others better. From working with the victims of Hurricane Katrina to working and serving the homeless in Washington, DC. The majority of my life has been spent in the service of others. I graduated from Liberty University with a master’s in Professional Counseling and a Master of Arts in Human Services Counseling: Addiction and Treatment. I have learned to help effectively and efficiently those suffering from mental illness. I believe in treating the whole person, and sometimes that includes working with their families.
(757) 854-9390 View (757) 854-9390
Photo of Christina L Knight, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Williamsburg, VA
Christina L Knight
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23185
Many are called to the profession of counseling, but very few are chosen. I have been chosen to guide others in finding direction, insight, and purpose. I am confident, compassionate, and unwavering in my desire to help clients see the light in the face of darkness. While my general philosophy is that therapy should be interpersonal, client-centered, and support based, I also believe in asking tough questions that challenge my client's existing mental conceptions and problem solving methodologies. My personal motto is "Challenge the thinking; change the behavior." Your mind is the battlefield of your life. Let me help you win!
Many are called to the profession of counseling, but very few are chosen. I have been chosen to guide others in finding direction, insight, and purpose. I am confident, compassionate, and unwavering in my desire to help clients see the light in the face of darkness. While my general philosophy is that therapy should be interpersonal, client-centered, and support based, I also believe in asking tough questions that challenge my client's existing mental conceptions and problem solving methodologies. My personal motto is "Challenge the thinking; change the behavior." Your mind is the battlefield of your life. Let me help you win!
(757) 209-2631 View (757) 209-2631
Photo of Peaceful Mind, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Williamsburg, VA
Peaceful Mind, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA CMHC
Verified Verified
Williamsburg, VA 23185
If you are ready to learn to be joyful and find a new meaning in life, I am here to support you in therapy. Are you currently experiencing challenges in your marriage or family relationships? Are you looking forward to learn better ways of communicating, and how to get along with others? Are you ready to learn better coping skills, get your self-confidence back, and finally put yourself first? I am here to support you on your healing journey. My clinical experience is in individual, couples and family therapy. I specialize in family therapy, and especially families of medical doctors.
If you are ready to learn to be joyful and find a new meaning in life, I am here to support you in therapy. Are you currently experiencing challenges in your marriage or family relationships? Are you looking forward to learn better ways of communicating, and how to get along with others? Are you ready to learn better coping skills, get your self-confidence back, and finally put yourself first? I am here to support you on your healing journey. My clinical experience is in individual, couples and family therapy. I specialize in family therapy, and especially families of medical doctors.
(757) 378-0832 View (757) 378-0832
Photo of Climbing Mountains Wellness, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Williamsburg, VA
Climbing Mountains Wellness, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Williamsburg, VA 23188
Please EMAIL. Now offering EMDR/Brainspotting/Parts work, IFS informed and biofield healing intensives. Experience rapid healing for personal and professional growth. Intensives allow you to work more intensely rather than using a week-to-week model. They are customized to meet your needs and can be anywhere from 3 to 6 hours. Intensives can be stand alone or adjunct to your weekly therapy. We also offer intensive retreats in Central and South America for healers. EMAIL only to inquire about our retreats.
Please EMAIL. Now offering EMDR/Brainspotting/Parts work, IFS informed and biofield healing intensives. Experience rapid healing for personal and professional growth. Intensives allow you to work more intensely rather than using a week-to-week model. They are customized to meet your needs and can be anywhere from 3 to 6 hours. Intensives can be stand alone or adjunct to your weekly therapy. We also offer intensive retreats in Central and South America for healers. EMAIL only to inquire about our retreats.
(757) 603-3642 View (757) 603-3642
Photo of Elsa Beck, Licensed Professional Counselor in Williamsburg, VA
Elsa Beck
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC(S), RPT-S
Verified Verified
Williamsburg, VA 23185
Not accepting new clients
NOTE: I Am Not Taking New Clients. I am a bilingual (Spanish & English) Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) (Supervisor) and Registered Play Therapist-Supervisor (RPT-S). I use a variety of approaches in my clinical work with children and adults including Play Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Approaches are selected and adapted to fit the client's age, interests, and treatment needs. I work with individual children and families, individual adults and couples, and offer parenting consultation.
NOTE: I Am Not Taking New Clients. I am a bilingual (Spanish & English) Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) (Supervisor) and Registered Play Therapist-Supervisor (RPT-S). I use a variety of approaches in my clinical work with children and adults including Play Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Approaches are selected and adapted to fit the client's age, interests, and treatment needs. I work with individual children and families, individual adults and couples, and offer parenting consultation.
(757) 517-2892 View (757) 517-2892
Photo of Jennifer Ferrari, Pre-Licensed Professional in Williamsburg, VA
Jennifer Ferrari
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, LPC-LP, NCC, RYT-200
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23185
Entering therapy is a profound act of self-love and courage. Perhaps you are becoming increasingly bothered by feeling depressed, anxious, or indecisive. Perhaps you have felt lonely, dissatisfied, confused, or devalued in your relationships. Whether you are seeking relief, support, or healing, if you are reading this, there is a resilient, healthy part of you ready for change. As a counselor, I will work with you to set and reach personal goals and begin to improve the quality of your life.
Entering therapy is a profound act of self-love and courage. Perhaps you are becoming increasingly bothered by feeling depressed, anxious, or indecisive. Perhaps you have felt lonely, dissatisfied, confused, or devalued in your relationships. Whether you are seeking relief, support, or healing, if you are reading this, there is a resilient, healthy part of you ready for change. As a counselor, I will work with you to set and reach personal goals and begin to improve the quality of your life.
(757) 520-5824 x607 View (757) 520-5824 x607
Photo of Isaiah Day, Licensed Professional Counselor in Williamsburg, VA
Isaiah Day
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23188
Waitlist for new clients
Isaiah has a strong history of working with adolescents and their families, working to develop resiliency in the face of trauma, mood disorders, and anxiety. He works to support individuals and families in strengthening their motivation to change and developing strategies and skills to overcome the challenges facing them. Clients will focus on the way they tell their own story, how that telling shapes their lives, and how they might re-tell their stories to make the changes they want.
Isaiah has a strong history of working with adolescents and their families, working to develop resiliency in the face of trauma, mood disorders, and anxiety. He works to support individuals and families in strengthening their motivation to change and developing strategies and skills to overcome the challenges facing them. Clients will focus on the way they tell their own story, how that telling shapes their lives, and how they might re-tell their stories to make the changes they want.
(757) 665-2550 View (757) 665-2550
Photo of Rosemary Via, Licensed Professional Counselor in Williamsburg, VA
Rosemary Via
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, PCC, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23188  (Online Only)
Yes, I am accepting clients! Are you feeling alone or inadequate on this planet of 8 billion humans? Craving love but there's never enough? Are you longing for connection but feeling exhausted by it at the same time? Comparing yourself to the beautiful and "successful" people at work or in the media and falling short? Tired of not being enough? Ugh! I hear you and I get it. Your brain (and mine at times) is a bully tearing you down. It tells you to withdraw from people and stay safe with your pet or porn. But the answer isn't withdrawing or escaping. It all comes back to the relationships you have with yourself and others.
Yes, I am accepting clients! Are you feeling alone or inadequate on this planet of 8 billion humans? Craving love but there's never enough? Are you longing for connection but feeling exhausted by it at the same time? Comparing yourself to the beautiful and "successful" people at work or in the media and falling short? Tired of not being enough? Ugh! I hear you and I get it. Your brain (and mine at times) is a bully tearing you down. It tells you to withdraw from people and stay safe with your pet or porn. But the answer isn't withdrawing or escaping. It all comes back to the relationships you have with yourself and others.
(757) 703-1561 View (757) 703-1561
Photo of Anna Buck, Pre-Licensed Professional in Williamsburg, VA
Anna Buck
Pre-Licensed Professional, Intern
Verified Verified
Williamsburg, VA 23185
As a counseling intern, my goal is to help clients navigate topics such as trauma, anxiety, depression, coping strategies, emotional regulation, and perinatal mental health.
As a counseling intern, my goal is to help clients navigate topics such as trauma, anxiety, depression, coping strategies, emotional regulation, and perinatal mental health.
(757) 859-8853 View (757) 859-8853
Photo of Rachel Richardson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Williamsburg, VA
Rachel Richardson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23185
Life inevitably presents us with challenges, and we won’t always know how to respond. As a therapist, I aim to meet you where you are, help you uncover and rediscover your strengths, and empower you to thrive.
Life inevitably presents us with challenges, and we won’t always know how to respond. As a therapist, I aim to meet you where you are, help you uncover and rediscover your strengths, and empower you to thrive.
(757) 210-5745 View (757) 210-5745
Photo of Two Rivers Wellness Center, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Williamsburg, VA
Two Rivers Wellness Center, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Williamsburg, VA 23185
12 years and older may receive treatment for various mental health conditions. Our staff is able to address issues of self-esteem, anger management, substance abuse, depression or anxiety, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, immigration assessments and various other mental health disorders. Children, the elderly and anyone in between in search of validation, resources and adaptive tools will find a safe space based on mutual trust and authenticity.
12 years and older may receive treatment for various mental health conditions. Our staff is able to address issues of self-esteem, anger management, substance abuse, depression or anxiety, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, immigration assessments and various other mental health disorders. Children, the elderly and anyone in between in search of validation, resources and adaptive tools will find a safe space based on mutual trust and authenticity.
(757) 260-4099 View (757) 260-4099

See more therapy options for Williamsburg

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Williamsburg, VA

200+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Williamsburg, VA who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
84% Depression
73% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
68% Relationship Issues
67% Trauma and PTSD
65% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Anthem | Elevance
68% BlueCross and BlueShield
67% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Williamsburg, VA see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Williamsburg?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.