Therapists in Ithaca, NY

Photo of Ann Dee Greenberg Online Counseling, Counselor in Ithaca, NY
Ann Dee Greenberg Online Counseling
Counselor, LMHC, LAC, MA
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Ithaca, NY 14850  (Online Only)
My approach to psychotherapy is collaborative and experiential. I strive to create a safe and supportive therapeutic relationship through which you can share, express freely, and activate your deepest potential for transformation. I am devoted to the well-being of my clients and provide the best possible therapy to help facilitate insight and growth. Areas of expertise include trauma, PTSD, anxiety, depression, addiction, family dynamic/attachment and relationship. I also offer services for clients working toward specific personal goals in the areas of, student/school, career/improved work-life, purpose and personal potential.
My approach to psychotherapy is collaborative and experiential. I strive to create a safe and supportive therapeutic relationship through which you can share, express freely, and activate your deepest potential for transformation. I am devoted to the well-being of my clients and provide the best possible therapy to help facilitate insight and growth. Areas of expertise include trauma, PTSD, anxiety, depression, addiction, family dynamic/attachment and relationship. I also offer services for clients working toward specific personal goals in the areas of, student/school, career/improved work-life, purpose and personal potential.
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Photo of Dr. April Fiacco, Psychologist in Ithaca, NY
Dr. April Fiacco
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850
Are you seeking evidence-based psychotherapy to help you achieve your goals or manage your symptoms? I, or another qualified therapist at the MindWell Center, may be able to help you. I operate from a person-centered approach, incorporating interventions from cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) based upon individual needs. I strive to help my clients live as their authentic selves, identifying ways to incorporate ones' strengths and values as to nurture happier, more meaningful lives.
Are you seeking evidence-based psychotherapy to help you achieve your goals or manage your symptoms? I, or another qualified therapist at the MindWell Center, may be able to help you. I operate from a person-centered approach, incorporating interventions from cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) based upon individual needs. I strive to help my clients live as their authentic selves, identifying ways to incorporate ones' strengths and values as to nurture happier, more meaningful lives.
(607) 270-3220 View (607) 270-3220
Photo of Kimberly Brett Jakobson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Kimberly Brett Jakobson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I believe every individual’s journey is unique. It is important for me to meet you where you are in that journey, while providing a warm, safe, nonjudgmental space. I utilize a strength-based approach to help empower you to make the changes you want to see in your life and relationships.
I believe every individual’s journey is unique. It is important for me to meet you where you are in that journey, while providing a warm, safe, nonjudgmental space. I utilize a strength-based approach to help empower you to make the changes you want to see in your life and relationships.
(607) 544-6735 View (607) 544-6735
Photo of Dr. Katherine M. Durrant, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Dr. Katherine M. Durrant
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ithaca, NY 14850
Have you ever felt so desperate to talk that you started oversharing with strangers and colleagues, or adopted a pet? How many times have you written that pros and cons list only to be still unsure of your next move? Are you carrying so much stress that everyone around you is walking on eggshells? Whole Wellness Counseling offers a listening ear and evidence-based strategies to improve your sense of well-being. Whole Wellness offers psychological and behavioral health assessments for young children, teens, and adults in Ithaca, Binghamton, Orchard Park, and Saratoga Springs, as well as via telehealth all across New York
Have you ever felt so desperate to talk that you started oversharing with strangers and colleagues, or adopted a pet? How many times have you written that pros and cons list only to be still unsure of your next move? Are you carrying so much stress that everyone around you is walking on eggshells? Whole Wellness Counseling offers a listening ear and evidence-based strategies to improve your sense of well-being. Whole Wellness offers psychological and behavioral health assessments for young children, teens, and adults in Ithaca, Binghamton, Orchard Park, and Saratoga Springs, as well as via telehealth all across New York
(607) 303-5955 View (607) 303-5955
Photo of Rob Hovey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Rob Hovey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850  (Online Only)
I AM CURRENTLY. UNABLE TO ACCEPT NEW CLIENTS Seeing a therapist -- this is not an easy step you’re considering. Putting your most vulnerable thoughts and feelings in the hands of a stranger takes some courage and a bit of a leap of faith. Whether you’re feeling anxious or depressed, or are in a troubled marriage or relationship, or struggling with issues that have no label, you’re probably feeling stuck. Stuck is when people call a therapist. It’s after they have tried everything: waiting for things to get better, talking to friends or relatives, or reading self-help books.
I AM CURRENTLY. UNABLE TO ACCEPT NEW CLIENTS Seeing a therapist -- this is not an easy step you’re considering. Putting your most vulnerable thoughts and feelings in the hands of a stranger takes some courage and a bit of a leap of faith. Whether you’re feeling anxious or depressed, or are in a troubled marriage or relationship, or struggling with issues that have no label, you’re probably feeling stuck. Stuck is when people call a therapist. It’s after they have tried everything: waiting for things to get better, talking to friends or relatives, or reading self-help books.
(607) 882-6465 View (607) 882-6465
Photo of Jessie Shelhamer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Jessie Shelhamer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850  (Online Only)
I'll have a biweekly opening at 12pm on Tuesdays starting at the end of May. I offer an open, supportive, and individualized approach, meeting each person where they are. Fostering a therapeutic relationship involves building trust as we navigate through distressing emotions, situations, and overcoming barriers. Sessions may range from learning and practicing coping skills to processing past traumas. My style is down-to-earth with open and honest communication, along with a bit of humor. Feel free to visit my website for more information: www.jessieshelhamer.com
I'll have a biweekly opening at 12pm on Tuesdays starting at the end of May. I offer an open, supportive, and individualized approach, meeting each person where they are. Fostering a therapeutic relationship involves building trust as we navigate through distressing emotions, situations, and overcoming barriers. Sessions may range from learning and practicing coping skills to processing past traumas. My style is down-to-earth with open and honest communication, along with a bit of humor. Feel free to visit my website for more information: www.jessieshelhamer.com
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Photo of Ann Dolan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Ann Dolan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850
Not accepting new clients
I accept clients age 60 and over, younger if they are caring for an elder. Aging can bring the release from the worries and stress of youth, bring joy and possibilities with more free time. It can also bring anxiety about the future, depression, loss and grief, a disturbing medical diagnosis. I have almost thirty years of experience helping adults and their caregivers navigate emotional changes, trauma, challenges associated with dementia, changes in relationships, health status, grief and loss. It is my honor to walk with you at this time, and to help you find peace.
I accept clients age 60 and over, younger if they are caring for an elder. Aging can bring the release from the worries and stress of youth, bring joy and possibilities with more free time. It can also bring anxiety about the future, depression, loss and grief, a disturbing medical diagnosis. I have almost thirty years of experience helping adults and their caregivers navigate emotional changes, trauma, challenges associated with dementia, changes in relationships, health status, grief and loss. It is my honor to walk with you at this time, and to help you find peace.
(607) 708-0808 View (607) 708-0808
Photo of Gabriel Hoff in Ithaca, NY
Gabriel Hoff
LPMHC
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850
I’m passionate about helping to heal from trauma, grief and loss, anxiety, depression, and other challenges. I'm also interested in identity issues - “who am I in the face of this?” - such as those coming from life transitions, realizations about sexual orientation, severe addiction, spirituality or religion, being in a relationship with an addicted or narcissistic person, or from having a long-term diagnosis like ADHD or Borderline Personality Disorder. I work with teens, young adults, middle aged and elders; couples, families, and individuals.
I’m passionate about helping to heal from trauma, grief and loss, anxiety, depression, and other challenges. I'm also interested in identity issues - “who am I in the face of this?” - such as those coming from life transitions, realizations about sexual orientation, severe addiction, spirituality or religion, being in a relationship with an addicted or narcissistic person, or from having a long-term diagnosis like ADHD or Borderline Personality Disorder. I work with teens, young adults, middle aged and elders; couples, families, and individuals.
(607) 703-3780 View (607) 703-3780
Photo of Judy Lynch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Judy Lynch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ithaca, NY 14850
Not accepting new clients
Taking that first step to reach out for support can be a challenge; I understand the struggle. I am skilled in listening and allowing clients the time to explore their concerns and issues. We will establish goals for your work in therapy and I'll help you find solutions, develop coping skills and resolve conflicts. I most often have worked with adults and college students struggling to manage depression, anxiety, ADHD, loss, trauma, and stress, as well as work/life balance. I enjoy working with people and creating a space where personal growth can happen.
Taking that first step to reach out for support can be a challenge; I understand the struggle. I am skilled in listening and allowing clients the time to explore their concerns and issues. We will establish goals for your work in therapy and I'll help you find solutions, develop coping skills and resolve conflicts. I most often have worked with adults and college students struggling to manage depression, anxiety, ADHD, loss, trauma, and stress, as well as work/life balance. I enjoy working with people and creating a space where personal growth can happen.
(607) 233-4474 View (607) 233-4474
Photo of Flannery Hysjulien, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Flannery Hysjulien
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ithaca, NY 14850
Not accepting new clients
Psychotherapy is a process of collaboration, discovery, acceptance, and change. Together, we will explore the many factors impacting your life and your experiences. We will make space for you to listen inward and reflect. You will be encouraged to clarify your values and set clear and achievable goals. Along the way, I will offer feedback, encouragement, and support. We will observe your current patterns, identify your strengths and resources, and explore a wide variety of strategies for healing and growth.
Psychotherapy is a process of collaboration, discovery, acceptance, and change. Together, we will explore the many factors impacting your life and your experiences. We will make space for you to listen inward and reflect. You will be encouraged to clarify your values and set clear and achievable goals. Along the way, I will offer feedback, encouragement, and support. We will observe your current patterns, identify your strengths and resources, and explore a wide variety of strategies for healing and growth.
(607) 882-6040 View (607) 882-6040
Photo of Maddie Drilling, Pre-Licensed Professional in Ithaca, NY
Maddie Drilling
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ithaca, NY 14850  (Online Only)
Have you been feeling anxious, overwhelmed, or just not your usual self? Being vulnerable is not always easy and it takes tremendous strength to reach out for support. I genuinely love what I do and care deeply about my clients. I would describe myself as professional, approachable, and above all else, human. As a therapist who has not “reached the top of the mountain” (as if there were such a thing), I acknowledge that I, too, am on my own continued journey of growth.
Have you been feeling anxious, overwhelmed, or just not your usual self? Being vulnerable is not always easy and it takes tremendous strength to reach out for support. I genuinely love what I do and care deeply about my clients. I would describe myself as professional, approachable, and above all else, human. As a therapist who has not “reached the top of the mountain” (as if there were such a thing), I acknowledge that I, too, am on my own continued journey of growth.
(607) 536-3384 View (607) 536-3384
Photo of Jamie Sorrentino, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Jamie Sorrentino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850
Are you seeking evidence-based psychotherapy to help you achieve your goals or manage your symptoms in the most effective way? I or another qualified therapist at MindWell Psychology may be able to help you. I engage in relational therapy that values authenticity, vulnerability, curiosity, collaboration, and compassionate care. As well, I utilize evidence-based practices that pull from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), mindfulness-based practice, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
Are you seeking evidence-based psychotherapy to help you achieve your goals or manage your symptoms in the most effective way? I or another qualified therapist at MindWell Psychology may be able to help you. I engage in relational therapy that values authenticity, vulnerability, curiosity, collaboration, and compassionate care. As well, I utilize evidence-based practices that pull from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), mindfulness-based practice, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
(607) 260-3100 View (607) 260-3100
Photo of Rebecca Creamer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Rebecca Creamer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850  (Online Only)
My pronouns are she/her/hers. I live in New York State and am licensed to provide therapy in both California and New York. I am proudly public school educated, and obtained my Masters Degree from San Francisco State University in 2011. My job history includes work in substance abuse treatment settings as well as at a large state university and a small liberal arts college. With over a decade of experience working with adults in therapy, I combine the skills and knowledge I have gained as a therapist with a genuine interest and curiosity in getting to know you as a person, and tailoring our work to your specific wants and needs.
My pronouns are she/her/hers. I live in New York State and am licensed to provide therapy in both California and New York. I am proudly public school educated, and obtained my Masters Degree from San Francisco State University in 2011. My job history includes work in substance abuse treatment settings as well as at a large state university and a small liberal arts college. With over a decade of experience working with adults in therapy, I combine the skills and knowledge I have gained as a therapist with a genuine interest and curiosity in getting to know you as a person, and tailoring our work to your specific wants and needs.
(607) 298-8094 View (607) 298-8094
Photo of Erin Gotthardt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Erin Gotthardt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850  (Online Only)
We don’t get to choose some things that happen to us as children, and we can grow up in environments that fall short of supporting the unique needs we might have had. If your story involves childhood abuse, neglect, abandonment, bullying, family problems or other trauma, and you find yourself still impacted by these things as an adult, please reach out. I would love to help you move past the things that happened to you so that you can make room for all the wonderful possibilities life holds for you. You may not have had a choice then, but you have a choice now.
We don’t get to choose some things that happen to us as children, and we can grow up in environments that fall short of supporting the unique needs we might have had. If your story involves childhood abuse, neglect, abandonment, bullying, family problems or other trauma, and you find yourself still impacted by these things as an adult, please reach out. I would love to help you move past the things that happened to you so that you can make room for all the wonderful possibilities life holds for you. You may not have had a choice then, but you have a choice now.
(607) 214-9931 View (607) 214-9931
Photo of Andrea Arden Gerding, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Andrea Arden Gerding
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850
If you are seeking to alleviate distressing symptoms, resolve a problem, identify and/or reach new goal(s), engage in self exploration, and/or strive for personal growth, therapy can be the safe and encouraging environment supporting you in your process. I am a seasoned psychotherapist ready to help.
If you are seeking to alleviate distressing symptoms, resolve a problem, identify and/or reach new goal(s), engage in self exploration, and/or strive for personal growth, therapy can be the safe and encouraging environment supporting you in your process. I am a seasoned psychotherapist ready to help.
(607) 275-5056 View (607) 275-5056
Photo of Cynthia Overstreet, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Cynthia Overstreet
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ithaca, NY 14850
Being human isn't easy. Being with other humans can be even more difficult! Looking for new ways to deal with the challenges of life, relationships, and the negative repetitive patterns in your own brain? Sometimes it helps to talk to someone in a non-judgmental, open and curious way to help sort things out, explore new ground, practice new responses to the same old patterns, or know yourself (and a loved one) in a new way.
Being human isn't easy. Being with other humans can be even more difficult! Looking for new ways to deal with the challenges of life, relationships, and the negative repetitive patterns in your own brain? Sometimes it helps to talk to someone in a non-judgmental, open and curious way to help sort things out, explore new ground, practice new responses to the same old patterns, or know yourself (and a loved one) in a new way.
(607) 283-2064 View (607) 283-2064
Photo of Katrina Blomquist, Psychologist in Ithaca, NY
Katrina Blomquist
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850
Are you seeking evidence-based psychotherapy to help you achieve your goals or manage your symptoms in the most effective way? If you or your child are struggling with your mood, anxiety, trauma, obsessive or unhelpful thinking patterns, chronic pain, or behaviors you wish to change, I or another qualified therapist at the MindWell Center may be able to help you.
Are you seeking evidence-based psychotherapy to help you achieve your goals or manage your symptoms in the most effective way? If you or your child are struggling with your mood, anxiety, trauma, obsessive or unhelpful thinking patterns, chronic pain, or behaviors you wish to change, I or another qualified therapist at the MindWell Center may be able to help you.
(607) 260-3100 View (607) 260-3100
Photo of Skylar Colle, Marriage & Family Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Skylar Colle
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850
If you are a couple or individual that is struggling or needs support with attachment insecurities, nervous system responses, trauma, anxiety, intimacy issues, sexual concerns, PTSD, and or relationship dissatisfaction; I am here to support you and give you tools to heal. I am an open, warm, empathic therapist that is progress oriented. I am sex positive and kink affirmative. I enjoy helping couples and individuals find their way to more happiness, connection, and security. I use scientifically proven and evidence based therapy models to support growth, change, and increased confidence.
If you are a couple or individual that is struggling or needs support with attachment insecurities, nervous system responses, trauma, anxiety, intimacy issues, sexual concerns, PTSD, and or relationship dissatisfaction; I am here to support you and give you tools to heal. I am an open, warm, empathic therapist that is progress oriented. I am sex positive and kink affirmative. I enjoy helping couples and individuals find their way to more happiness, connection, and security. I use scientifically proven and evidence based therapy models to support growth, change, and increased confidence.
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Photo of Avenues Counseling Center, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Avenues Counseling Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ithaca, NY 14850
Avenues Counseling Center has offered individual, couples, and group therapy for 30 years. The expertise of Ellen Peterson. LCSW and Rich Shaw, LMSW will provide you with the support and tools that you need to resolve issues and concerns and move your life forward. After all Life is to be Enjoyed, not Endured. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, stress, grief or relationship issues, we can help. Discover how quickly therapy can improve your life!
Avenues Counseling Center has offered individual, couples, and group therapy for 30 years. The expertise of Ellen Peterson. LCSW and Rich Shaw, LMSW will provide you with the support and tools that you need to resolve issues and concerns and move your life forward. After all Life is to be Enjoyed, not Endured. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, stress, grief or relationship issues, we can help. Discover how quickly therapy can improve your life!
(607) 600-9756 View (607) 600-9756
Photo of Deborah K Lewis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ithaca, NY
Deborah K Lewis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MEd
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850
My job is to facilitate the process of change with individuals and families. I am experienced in helping people with problems in personal relationships and at work. Many of my clients are feeling stuck or unsure about something of importance. They may be struggling with parenting, addiction, or feelings of anxiety, irritability, and deep sadness. Often, the people I work with are associated with colleges and universities. My 20+ years of experience in higher education is a resource in my work as a therapist.
My job is to facilitate the process of change with individuals and families. I am experienced in helping people with problems in personal relationships and at work. Many of my clients are feeling stuck or unsure about something of importance. They may be struggling with parenting, addiction, or feelings of anxiety, irritability, and deep sadness. Often, the people I work with are associated with colleges and universities. My 20+ years of experience in higher education is a resource in my work as a therapist.
(607) 228-8344 View (607) 228-8344

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ithaca, NY

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Ithaca, NY who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
86% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
70% Stress
68% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
48% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
41% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Ithaca, NY see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ithaca?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.