Therapists in Phoenix, AZ

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Photo of Sarah VanHolland, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Sarah VanHolland
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85032
I believe that we all seek love, acceptance, and belonging. When experiences lead us to internalize a shame message that we are not enough, we can develop ways of interacting with the world that, though helpful in the past, are no longer working (or may even be harmful). This can bring on issues related to anxiety, depression, shame and low-self-esteem, feeling out of control of your emotions, and conflicts in your relationships. As overwhelming as life can feel, I truly believe finding freedom and healing is possible and consider it a privilege to support you in this process.
I believe that we all seek love, acceptance, and belonging. When experiences lead us to internalize a shame message that we are not enough, we can develop ways of interacting with the world that, though helpful in the past, are no longer working (or may even be harmful). This can bring on issues related to anxiety, depression, shame and low-self-esteem, feeling out of control of your emotions, and conflicts in your relationships. As overwhelming as life can feel, I truly believe finding freedom and healing is possible and consider it a privilege to support you in this process.
(480) 418-9721 View (480) 418-9721
Photo of Racheal Turner, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Racheal Turner
Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85028
Hello! I'm Racheal Turner. I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor at Turning Point Counseling. As a therapist, my passion is to support people who want to find more acceptance, wholeness, and aliveness in all of who they are. I have a passion for working with individuals and couples on a wide variety of issues, including trauma, anxiety, depression, addiction, codependency, self- esteem, grief and abuse. I bring my whole heart and authentic self to therapy and draw from several different schools of practice which all center around building a healthy therapeutic relationship.
Hello! I'm Racheal Turner. I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor at Turning Point Counseling. As a therapist, my passion is to support people who want to find more acceptance, wholeness, and aliveness in all of who they are. I have a passion for working with individuals and couples on a wide variety of issues, including trauma, anxiety, depression, addiction, codependency, self- esteem, grief and abuse. I bring my whole heart and authentic self to therapy and draw from several different schools of practice which all center around building a healthy therapeutic relationship.
(480) 910-6242 View (480) 910-6242
Photo of Marina Doering, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Marina Doering
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, ATR-BC, CCTS-I
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85016
Ready to redefine, reintegrate, and rebalance your being? As a licensed professional counselor and a board-certified art therapist, I draw from my deep, yet eclectic, training to tailor my support for you and your therapy journey. I enjoy supporting individuals who are looking to ground themselves and re-establish control over their anxiety, those seeking to rewrite their ADHD or other neurodivergent diagnoses by building greater awareness of the mind-body connection, and parents looking to grow their parenthood confidence or feeling stuck with their child's challenging behavior patterns.
Ready to redefine, reintegrate, and rebalance your being? As a licensed professional counselor and a board-certified art therapist, I draw from my deep, yet eclectic, training to tailor my support for you and your therapy journey. I enjoy supporting individuals who are looking to ground themselves and re-establish control over their anxiety, those seeking to rewrite their ADHD or other neurodivergent diagnoses by building greater awareness of the mind-body connection, and parents looking to grow their parenthood confidence or feeling stuck with their child's challenging behavior patterns.
(602) 714-7883 View (602) 714-7883
Photo of Gerald David Zirin, Psychologist in Phoenix, AZ
Gerald David Zirin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85032  (Online Only)
Some of the problems I have helped my clients with: depression, anxiety, relationship problems, isolation, trauma, addiction, anger management, and relational conflicts. I will help you learn to: •Think more clearly about the problems you are faced with, gaining heightened clarity about your life's goals and purpose •Find greater calmness through relaxation strategies and meditation. •Communicate in a more effective way. •Live more fully with passion and feeling. Many of my clients are looking for emotional support and greater direction in life.
Some of the problems I have helped my clients with: depression, anxiety, relationship problems, isolation, trauma, addiction, anger management, and relational conflicts. I will help you learn to: •Think more clearly about the problems you are faced with, gaining heightened clarity about your life's goals and purpose •Find greater calmness through relaxation strategies and meditation. •Communicate in a more effective way. •Live more fully with passion and feeling. Many of my clients are looking for emotional support and greater direction in life.
(602) 566-9717 View (602) 566-9717
Photo of Melissa Joy Hahnke, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Melissa Joy Hahnke
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85032
As an autistic person herself, Melissa is passionate about working with neurodivergent individuals and operates from a neuroaffirmative lens. Melissa prioritizes collaboration in the therapeutic process, believing that each person is the expert of their life–every person is different, with a unique set of lived experiences, identities, and perspectives, so she believes that treatment should be unique to each person, too. Treatment involves community and self-advocacy, incorporating intersectional cultural identities, supporting clients’ personal treatment goals, fostering self-compassion, and building community support.
As an autistic person herself, Melissa is passionate about working with neurodivergent individuals and operates from a neuroaffirmative lens. Melissa prioritizes collaboration in the therapeutic process, believing that each person is the expert of their life–every person is different, with a unique set of lived experiences, identities, and perspectives, so she believes that treatment should be unique to each person, too. Treatment involves community and self-advocacy, incorporating intersectional cultural identities, supporting clients’ personal treatment goals, fostering self-compassion, and building community support.
(602) 609-5954 View (602) 609-5954
Photo of Uko Okon, Pre-Licensed Professional in Phoenix, AZ
Uko Okon
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85009
As a dedicated clinician specializing in the mental health and well-being of young adults aged 15 to 35, I bring a compassionate and holistic approach to addressing a range of challenges, including depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and anger issues. My practice is grounded in evidence-based modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Person-Centered Therapy, and trauma-informed approaches, ensuring tailored and effective interventions for each individual. I specialize in depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and anger management.
As a dedicated clinician specializing in the mental health and well-being of young adults aged 15 to 35, I bring a compassionate and holistic approach to addressing a range of challenges, including depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and anger issues. My practice is grounded in evidence-based modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Person-Centered Therapy, and trauma-informed approaches, ensuring tailored and effective interventions for each individual. I specialize in depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and anger management.
(602) 641-4581 View (602) 641-4581
Photo of Amanda Lugo, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Amanda Lugo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CYT
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85014
Accepting new clients! I will be with you during the most difficult phases of your life. You set the goals, and I will guide you to reach them. I help you navigate challenging experiences and relationships, including but not limited to emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. Jñāna Behavioral Health provides cutting-edge treatment and comprehensive services for trauma resolution. It is okay to have support while you learn to adapt and explore your own power. Imagine enjoying a life of greater happiness and peace.
Accepting new clients! I will be with you during the most difficult phases of your life. You set the goals, and I will guide you to reach them. I help you navigate challenging experiences and relationships, including but not limited to emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. Jñāna Behavioral Health provides cutting-edge treatment and comprehensive services for trauma resolution. It is okay to have support while you learn to adapt and explore your own power. Imagine enjoying a life of greater happiness and peace.
(602) 781-1262 View (602) 781-1262
Photo of Laura Taylor Greenwood, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Laura Taylor Greenwood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85018
Waitlist for new clients
**Unable to take new clients at this time. I have been practicing as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker since 2003. After high school I attended Chapman University and earned my Bachelor's in Psychology. Immediately after I went on to achieve my Master's in Social Work at the University of Southern California. Earlier experience centered around high-risk children, teens and families, as well as the seriously mentally ill (SMI) population. Since founding ACC in 2004, I have expanded my focus and training to work with youth, young adults, couples and families dealing with a myriad of mental health challenges and life transitions.
**Unable to take new clients at this time. I have been practicing as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker since 2003. After high school I attended Chapman University and earned my Bachelor's in Psychology. Immediately after I went on to achieve my Master's in Social Work at the University of Southern California. Earlier experience centered around high-risk children, teens and families, as well as the seriously mentally ill (SMI) population. Since founding ACC in 2004, I have expanded my focus and training to work with youth, young adults, couples and families dealing with a myriad of mental health challenges and life transitions.
(602) 900-9569 View (602) 900-9569
Photo of Kevyn Holloway, Pastoral Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Kevyn Holloway
Pastoral Counselor
Not Verified Not Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85016
Get the support you need today! I am here to help you navigate the journey of life and to find you​r way in the world. To obtain the necessary tools to look at the brighter picture instead of focusing on the negativity at hand. To learn how to truly listen to those around you so that you can become the best version of yourself.
Get the support you need today! I am here to help you navigate the journey of life and to find you​r way in the world. To obtain the necessary tools to look at the brighter picture instead of focusing on the negativity at hand. To learn how to truly listen to those around you so that you can become the best version of yourself.
(623) 303-9857 View (623) 303-9857
Photo of Linda Wiskerchen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Linda Wiskerchen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, RPT-S
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85044
My name is Linda Wiskerchen. I am a licensed clinical social worker and registered play therapist supervisor with 20+ years experience and passion working in the mental health field. I specialize in the treatment of families and young children who are struggling at home, in school, and in the community, with individual and family counseling.
My name is Linda Wiskerchen. I am a licensed clinical social worker and registered play therapist supervisor with 20+ years experience and passion working in the mental health field. I specialize in the treatment of families and young children who are struggling at home, in school, and in the community, with individual and family counseling.
(480) 467-3380 View (480) 467-3380
Photo of Laura Heinzeroth, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Laura Heinzeroth
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85053  (Online Only)
I believe that by helping to lift clients up, I can provide hope for change and healing. I am a licensed professional counselor with trauma certification. I help people with a wide range of challenges including depression, anxiety and grief and loss. I work with individuals 18 years of age and up and utilize a variety of therapeutic interventions to help you feel better and reach your goals. My experience has taught me that everyone has specific needs, and I am here to meet those needs.
I believe that by helping to lift clients up, I can provide hope for change and healing. I am a licensed professional counselor with trauma certification. I help people with a wide range of challenges including depression, anxiety and grief and loss. I work with individuals 18 years of age and up and utilize a variety of therapeutic interventions to help you feel better and reach your goals. My experience has taught me that everyone has specific needs, and I am here to meet those needs.
(602) 691-5590 View (602) 691-5590
Photo of Dr. Rochelle Sykes, Pre-Licensed Professional in Phoenix, AZ
Dr. Rochelle Sykes
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85053
I am passionate about helping clients develop self-awareness and become the best versions of themselves. Together, we will work on gaining an understanding of your strengths and weaknesses, emotions, thoughts and beliefs, and motivations, to improve your relationship with yourself and others, improve your problem-solving skills, and help you set and achieve goals. This can be done through evaluations and/or therapy.
I am passionate about helping clients develop self-awareness and become the best versions of themselves. Together, we will work on gaining an understanding of your strengths and weaknesses, emotions, thoughts and beliefs, and motivations, to improve your relationship with yourself and others, improve your problem-solving skills, and help you set and achieve goals. This can be done through evaluations and/or therapy.
(623) 253-9277 View (623) 253-9277
Photo of Briana Stonelake, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Briana Stonelake
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85027  (Online Only)
New Client Availability. We partner with you to gain clarity, confidence and connected relationships. We help people gain greater success through transforming relationships, overcoming trauma, and mastering mindsets. We help you get unstuck and gain momentum towards the life you want. Through equipping you to address past and present difficulties, it will decrease stress, improve relationships, and find your deeper purpose in life. We will work together to develop tools to improve communication, set healthy boundaries, and help you get freedom for a healthier, happier life. Your next level is around the corner.
New Client Availability. We partner with you to gain clarity, confidence and connected relationships. We help people gain greater success through transforming relationships, overcoming trauma, and mastering mindsets. We help you get unstuck and gain momentum towards the life you want. Through equipping you to address past and present difficulties, it will decrease stress, improve relationships, and find your deeper purpose in life. We will work together to develop tools to improve communication, set healthy boundaries, and help you get freedom for a healthier, happier life. Your next level is around the corner.
(480) 637-5388 View (480) 637-5388
Photo of Lindsey Dies, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Lindsey Dies
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85018
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor that predominately focuses on work with adolescents, young adults and their families or support systems. I have spent my career working with adolescents and families in both outpatient and residential therapy settings. I very much believe that each individual and family needs an individualized approach and treatment to facilitate change and healing. My goal is to establish a safe and supportive environment that allows each client and family to move forward in their therapeutic goals.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor that predominately focuses on work with adolescents, young adults and their families or support systems. I have spent my career working with adolescents and families in both outpatient and residential therapy settings. I very much believe that each individual and family needs an individualized approach and treatment to facilitate change and healing. My goal is to establish a safe and supportive environment that allows each client and family to move forward in their therapeutic goals.
(602) 975-2467 View (602) 975-2467
Photo of Phoenix Wellness Center , LPC Intern in Phoenix, AZ
Phoenix Wellness Center
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85085
Riley is a counseling intern from Arizona State University, pursuing a master’s degree in mental health counseling. Riley integrates therapeutic styles such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Person-Centered approaches, Motivational Interviewing, and mindfulness practices to provide a compassionate and tailored approach for individuals of all ages. Riley has diverse experience in working with children and as a habilitation provider. Riley is dedicated to creating a warm, client-centered space for exploration and growth at any stage of life.
Riley is a counseling intern from Arizona State University, pursuing a master’s degree in mental health counseling. Riley integrates therapeutic styles such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Person-Centered approaches, Motivational Interviewing, and mindfulness practices to provide a compassionate and tailored approach for individuals of all ages. Riley has diverse experience in working with children and as a habilitation provider. Riley is dedicated to creating a warm, client-centered space for exploration and growth at any stage of life.
(480) 653-8434 View (480) 653-8434
Photo of Elise Ann Pinkowski in Phoenix, AZ
Elise Ann Pinkowski
LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85004
I believe that everyone has the capacity and strength to make meaningful changes in their lives. For over ten years, I have helped adults of all backgrounds and identities work through symptoms of depression, anxiety, anger, trauma and addiction. I also have experience helping individuals navigate the emotional distress of surviving violence, homelessness and the criminal justice system. I believe the therapeutic relationship can be a validating experience and an essential component of the healing process. We all need a space to feel safe enough to express ourselves without judgement or shame.
I believe that everyone has the capacity and strength to make meaningful changes in their lives. For over ten years, I have helped adults of all backgrounds and identities work through symptoms of depression, anxiety, anger, trauma and addiction. I also have experience helping individuals navigate the emotional distress of surviving violence, homelessness and the criminal justice system. I believe the therapeutic relationship can be a validating experience and an essential component of the healing process. We all need a space to feel safe enough to express ourselves without judgement or shame.
(602) 854-9951 View (602) 854-9951
Photo of Cristin Mullen, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Cristin Mullen
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85085  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
ADHD Parent Consultations only at this time. Sometimes we just need a little direction, after a diagnosis, when things get tough, or when it's time to switch gears in our treatment. Parent consultations include a written summary with your first three actions steps as well as referral and resource links.
ADHD Parent Consultations only at this time. Sometimes we just need a little direction, after a diagnosis, when things get tough, or when it's time to switch gears in our treatment. Parent consultations include a written summary with your first three actions steps as well as referral and resource links.
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Photo of Couples Communication Intensive - Brent Peak LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Couples Communication Intensive - Brent Peak LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSPC, LPC
Verified Verified
13 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85027
Embark on a transformative journey with a 2-day Relationship Intensive, tailored for high-achievers in demanding careers. I'm Brent Peak, a Relationship Recovery Specialist and Licensed Professional Counselor. Together, we'll use my unique, effective approach for addressing the intricate challenges in the personal lives of successful individuals. This focused, personalized experience is designed to initiate significant shifts in your personal relationships, setting the stage for lasting connection and understanding.
Embark on a transformative journey with a 2-day Relationship Intensive, tailored for high-achievers in demanding careers. I'm Brent Peak, a Relationship Recovery Specialist and Licensed Professional Counselor. Together, we'll use my unique, effective approach for addressing the intricate challenges in the personal lives of successful individuals. This focused, personalized experience is designed to initiate significant shifts in your personal relationships, setting the stage for lasting connection and understanding.
(623) 777-2283 View (623) 777-2283
Photo of Sarah Matheson, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Sarah Matheson
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85018  (Online Only)
I have been in the field of psychology and counseling for 30 years with extensive experience in both outpatient and inpatient settings. I have tailored my private practice to provide a safe atmosphere for adults to address the maladaptive behaviors and difficult emotional states that have created obstacles for them and to move to place where they feel empowered in their lives and relationships. I encourage the client to build on their strengths and to promote self-care and wellness. I use EMDR, a revolutionary trauma treatment as well as a focus on attachment, to treat the lasting effects that difficult experiences may leave.
I have been in the field of psychology and counseling for 30 years with extensive experience in both outpatient and inpatient settings. I have tailored my private practice to provide a safe atmosphere for adults to address the maladaptive behaviors and difficult emotional states that have created obstacles for them and to move to place where they feel empowered in their lives and relationships. I encourage the client to build on their strengths and to promote self-care and wellness. I use EMDR, a revolutionary trauma treatment as well as a focus on attachment, to treat the lasting effects that difficult experiences may leave.
(602) 734-5973 View (602) 734-5973
Photo of Empower Mental Health, PLLC, Psychologist in Phoenix, AZ
Empower Mental Health, PLLC
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85012
Welcome to Empower Mental Health. Our guiding principal is to empower our clients to thrive well past the time when counseling is concluded. From the first session we focus on working ourselves out of a job. A focus we take pride in is working with veterans and their families. We accept insurances to include Optum/United, Aetna, Cigna, BCBS, Medicare and Triwest. We are available for both in-person and telehealth sessions. Services can be scheduled outside of business hours including mornings, nights, and weekends. Please take a look at our website: https://empowermh.co
Welcome to Empower Mental Health. Our guiding principal is to empower our clients to thrive well past the time when counseling is concluded. From the first session we focus on working ourselves out of a job. A focus we take pride in is working with veterans and their families. We accept insurances to include Optum/United, Aetna, Cigna, BCBS, Medicare and Triwest. We are available for both in-person and telehealth sessions. Services can be scheduled outside of business hours including mornings, nights, and weekends. Please take a look at our website: https://empowermh.co
(602) 755-3800 View (602) 755-3800

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Phoenix, AZ

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Phoenix, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
84% Depression
76% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues
75% Trauma and PTSD
70% Stress
69% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Aetna
67% BlueCross and BlueShield
66% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Phoenix, AZ see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Phoenix?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.