Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

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Photo of Sojourner Gleeson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Sojourner Gleeson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19125
I work with clients of all ages, from children to older adults, addressing a wide range of issues and themes such as: Individual concerns such as anxiety, depression, trauma, and identity development Relationship issues; family dynamics; intercultural, interracial, and interreligious relationships and families; identity development, emotions, and neurodiversity; parent-child relationships; personal care tasks and caregiving. I care very deeply and recognize the importance of spirituality, service, and meaningful work in my client's lives and strive to empower my clients in those areas of life.
I work with clients of all ages, from children to older adults, addressing a wide range of issues and themes such as: Individual concerns such as anxiety, depression, trauma, and identity development Relationship issues; family dynamics; intercultural, interracial, and interreligious relationships and families; identity development, emotions, and neurodiversity; parent-child relationships; personal care tasks and caregiving. I care very deeply and recognize the importance of spirituality, service, and meaningful work in my client's lives and strive to empower my clients in those areas of life.
(267) 459-2061 View (267) 459-2061
Dorothy Rosenthal Mandelbaum
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19131
I am fortunate to have worked these past 19 years with a broad cross-section of Philadelphia area residents. My clients usually seek help because of nagging stress, anxiety, and/or depression that often spring from current relationships, the workplace, trauma, or longstanding personal issues. They work with me either individually or as couples to ease these issues as swiftly as possible.
I am fortunate to have worked these past 19 years with a broad cross-section of Philadelphia area residents. My clients usually seek help because of nagging stress, anxiety, and/or depression that often spring from current relationships, the workplace, trauma, or longstanding personal issues. They work with me either individually or as couples to ease these issues as swiftly as possible.
(484) 209-5354 View (484) 209-5354
Photo of Ebony Johnson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Ebony Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19120  (Online Only)
I believe that we all want to feel accepted, loved and appreciated, and want our lives to make a difference. My approach to therapy is always warm, accepting, and validating but at the same time encouraging growth from areas that seem to keep you stuck. I help my clients recognize the power they have to make small changes which can lead to a more satisfying life. I utilize CBT, Exposure and Response Prevention and DBT.
I believe that we all want to feel accepted, loved and appreciated, and want our lives to make a difference. My approach to therapy is always warm, accepting, and validating but at the same time encouraging growth from areas that seem to keep you stuck. I help my clients recognize the power they have to make small changes which can lead to a more satisfying life. I utilize CBT, Exposure and Response Prevention and DBT.
(267) 481-8556 View (267) 481-8556
Dunbar Community Counseling Services
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19104
Dunbar’s Outpatient Therapy program will help guide you onto a positive path where you can thrive. At Dunbar Community Counseling we are committed to providing you with the highest level of care. Our approach to therapy is resiliency-focused, trauma-informed, and culturally sensitive to address the unique needs of urban children, individuals, couples, and families. Our outpatient therapists are highly skilled and trained with a wealth of experience. If you are looking for a way to break cycles, address childhood trauma, and navigate relationship challenges, we can help!
Dunbar’s Outpatient Therapy program will help guide you onto a positive path where you can thrive. At Dunbar Community Counseling we are committed to providing you with the highest level of care. Our approach to therapy is resiliency-focused, trauma-informed, and culturally sensitive to address the unique needs of urban children, individuals, couples, and families. Our outpatient therapists are highly skilled and trained with a wealth of experience. If you are looking for a way to break cycles, address childhood trauma, and navigate relationship challenges, we can help!
(215) 560-0310 View (215) 560-0310
Photo of Capable Family Coaching, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
Capable Family Coaching
Psychologist, MS
Not Verified Not Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19118
Every day is filled with parenting battles that leave you exhausted and guilt-ridden, having lost your temper too many times. You ache for a more peaceful home and a loving relationship with your child or teen, but you don’t know how to get there. General advice and tips sound good on paper but they are not working with your child, and you don’t know why. Your energy and resilience are taking a serious hit. Worst of all, you are afraid that your child will be emotionally harmed by all the turmoil that goes on from day to day.
Every day is filled with parenting battles that leave you exhausted and guilt-ridden, having lost your temper too many times. You ache for a more peaceful home and a loving relationship with your child or teen, but you don’t know how to get there. General advice and tips sound good on paper but they are not working with your child, and you don’t know why. Your energy and resilience are taking a serious hit. Worst of all, you are afraid that your child will be emotionally harmed by all the turmoil that goes on from day to day.
(267) 376-7438 View (267) 376-7438
Photo of Jeffrey Morales, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Jeffrey Morales
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, and where ever you are in your life right now, I believe there is always time to reflect on and improve your overall well-being if needed. When do you set aside time for yourself? Let's talk about that. How often do you hesitate or ruminate over a mistake you made yesterday or even last year? It's common to get stuck on our paths and focus on mistakes - so talk to me and we can begin drawing a map for better understanding your emotions, thoughts, and how they dictate your everyday. What is keeping you from living the type of life that you want for yourself and how do those obstacles dictate you
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, and where ever you are in your life right now, I believe there is always time to reflect on and improve your overall well-being if needed. When do you set aside time for yourself? Let's talk about that. How often do you hesitate or ruminate over a mistake you made yesterday or even last year? It's common to get stuck on our paths and focus on mistakes - so talk to me and we can begin drawing a map for better understanding your emotions, thoughts, and how they dictate your everyday. What is keeping you from living the type of life that you want for yourself and how do those obstacles dictate you
(484) 613-2333 View (484) 613-2333
Photo of Colette Marcellus, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Colette Marcellus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Hi there, I'm Colette. Do you find yourself getting anxious, worried, feeling overwhelmed, lost in negative thoughts, feeling uncertain about the future, experiencing mood swings, having difficulties with your relationships, work? I'm here to help you manage these experiences more skillfully.
Hi there, I'm Colette. Do you find yourself getting anxious, worried, feeling overwhelmed, lost in negative thoughts, feeling uncertain about the future, experiencing mood swings, having difficulties with your relationships, work? I'm here to help you manage these experiences more skillfully.
(484) 255-8046 View (484) 255-8046
Photo of Virginia Carr, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Virginia Carr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19125
Have all the years of overworking, people-pleasing, and striving for perfection suddenly caught up with you? You feel guilty when you try to rest, and then mad at yourself for not being able to "chill out" like everyone else. Anxiety keeps you in a loop of replaying, overthinking, and trouble with trusting that things are ever truly okay despite doing all the journaling, breathing and yoga that's supposed to help. With all you're holding on the inside, how are you supposed to enjoy the life you've worked so hard to build?
Have all the years of overworking, people-pleasing, and striving for perfection suddenly caught up with you? You feel guilty when you try to rest, and then mad at yourself for not being able to "chill out" like everyone else. Anxiety keeps you in a loop of replaying, overthinking, and trouble with trusting that things are ever truly okay despite doing all the journaling, breathing and yoga that's supposed to help. With all you're holding on the inside, how are you supposed to enjoy the life you've worked so hard to build?
(215) 267-5175 View (215) 267-5175
Photo of Britney Flaherty, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Britney Flaherty
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19154  (Online Only)
I received my bachelor’s in psychology from Temple University and my master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Lock Haven University. I have experience working in residential drug and alcohol treatment, halfway houses, mobile therapy, and outpatient therapy. While I enjoy working with those of all ages, my passion is working with adolescents, and those struggling with a history of anxiety and addiction.
I received my bachelor’s in psychology from Temple University and my master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Lock Haven University. I have experience working in residential drug and alcohol treatment, halfway houses, mobile therapy, and outpatient therapy. While I enjoy working with those of all ages, my passion is working with adolescents, and those struggling with a history of anxiety and addiction.
(215) 774-3079 View (215) 774-3079
Photo of Jessica MacIntire, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Jessica MacIntire
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been working with clients for 10+ years. I received my Master's Degree from Rutgers University and my Doctorate Degree from Penn State. My favorite thing about working together is making goals and seeing progress! Whether you've experienced a major life event or just need someone to decompress with; I look forward to us working together
Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been working with clients for 10+ years. I received my Master's Degree from Rutgers University and my Doctorate Degree from Penn State. My favorite thing about working together is making goals and seeing progress! Whether you've experienced a major life event or just need someone to decompress with; I look forward to us working together
(484) 603-6381 View (484) 603-6381
Photo of Brian J Lundberg, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Brian J Lundberg
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA MFT
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
I believe that it is necessary to interact with clients as feeling, thinking, and embodied beings; therapy must address each person holistically and relationally in all aspects: emotional, cognitive, and behavioral. Therapy can help us make sense of our selves, our world, our relationships, our personal stories and the paths we take - other words, how to live life as our best, fulfilling selves. A former high school and university teacher, I have a passion for working with adolescents & young adults. I also have a keen interest in working on men's issues, helping men and those close to them to live more in-touch and connected lives.
I believe that it is necessary to interact with clients as feeling, thinking, and embodied beings; therapy must address each person holistically and relationally in all aspects: emotional, cognitive, and behavioral. Therapy can help us make sense of our selves, our world, our relationships, our personal stories and the paths we take - other words, how to live life as our best, fulfilling selves. A former high school and university teacher, I have a passion for working with adolescents & young adults. I also have a keen interest in working on men's issues, helping men and those close to them to live more in-touch and connected lives.
(267) 930-2078 View (267) 930-2078
Photo of Sarah Bohannon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Sarah Bohannon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Hi, thank you for visiting my page. If you're looking for solutions for anxiety, depression, anger management, irritability, interpersonal problems, and emotional regulation - you're in the right place. Clients deserve treatment that they can trust will be effective, accessible and goal-oriented. I am committed to providing therapeutic solutions that are anchored in research and deemed most effective for improving your quality of life. Together, we will figure out your goals and we will work actively to accomplish them. I will guide, coach and support you as you learn and practice the skills that can help you find peace.
Hi, thank you for visiting my page. If you're looking for solutions for anxiety, depression, anger management, irritability, interpersonal problems, and emotional regulation - you're in the right place. Clients deserve treatment that they can trust will be effective, accessible and goal-oriented. I am committed to providing therapeutic solutions that are anchored in research and deemed most effective for improving your quality of life. Together, we will figure out your goals and we will work actively to accomplish them. I will guide, coach and support you as you learn and practice the skills that can help you find peace.
(215) 918-7790 View (215) 918-7790
Photo of Robert A Naseef, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
Robert A Naseef
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19106  (Online Only)
Are you wondering if you might be autistic? Might you be more than just shy and introverted? Do you have intense passions and special interests? Do you have sensory differences? If you are open to the possibility that you are autistic, a professional evaluation can be an important step in self-awareness and a lens to understand your life experiences. You could also be eligible for accommodations in your job or school. I specialize in diagnosing and treating adults and teens with autism spectrum disorders. I have a distinctive voice and perspective as a psychologist and father of an adult son with autism.
Are you wondering if you might be autistic? Might you be more than just shy and introverted? Do you have intense passions and special interests? Do you have sensory differences? If you are open to the possibility that you are autistic, a professional evaluation can be an important step in self-awareness and a lens to understand your life experiences. You could also be eligible for accommodations in your job or school. I specialize in diagnosing and treating adults and teens with autism spectrum disorders. I have a distinctive voice and perspective as a psychologist and father of an adult son with autism.
(215) 544-2205 View (215) 544-2205
Photo of Samantha Appel, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
Samantha Appel
Psychologist, PsyD, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19146
I believe that everyone deserves a time and a place to work on their mental health, heal from painful experiences, and move towards finding more meaning in their lives and relationships. I also know that given the current pandemic, we're all struggling more than usual! I offer a warm and judgment-free zone to work on a range of issues. I believe psychotherapy works best when it is tailored to each person as a unique individual. I utilize an integrative model, drawing from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), relational, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and humanistic approaches.
I believe that everyone deserves a time and a place to work on their mental health, heal from painful experiences, and move towards finding more meaning in their lives and relationships. I also know that given the current pandemic, we're all struggling more than usual! I offer a warm and judgment-free zone to work on a range of issues. I believe psychotherapy works best when it is tailored to each person as a unique individual. I utilize an integrative model, drawing from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), relational, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and humanistic approaches.
(267) 394-9291 View (267) 394-9291
Photo of Lydia Bennett, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Lydia Bennett
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19128  (Online Only)
Finding a therapist can be difficult and prioritizing yourself can be even harder. You may be seeking support for feeling overwhelmed, disorganized, or trying to balance too much at once. Or you may be like many people and experience guilt or shame because you think you aren't living up to personal or societal expectations. These all can effect how you feel about yourself, your work and your relationships. It's hard to know where to start and that's why I'm here. Therapy is a space where we can identify what it is you want from life and develop strategies to help you not only cope but also develop proactive ways to help you thrive.
Finding a therapist can be difficult and prioritizing yourself can be even harder. You may be seeking support for feeling overwhelmed, disorganized, or trying to balance too much at once. Or you may be like many people and experience guilt or shame because you think you aren't living up to personal or societal expectations. These all can effect how you feel about yourself, your work and your relationships. It's hard to know where to start and that's why I'm here. Therapy is a space where we can identify what it is you want from life and develop strategies to help you not only cope but also develop proactive ways to help you thrive.
(267) 762-2065 View (267) 762-2065
Photo of Carole Nehez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Carole Nehez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSS, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
I offer psychotherapy and psychoanalysis to individuals and groups in a positive, safe, non-judgmental environment. My goal is to provide the right balance of support and challenge to help each client work, play and love to the fullest of his or her potential. I frequently work with clients who have experienced early wounding as well as those having difficulty with transitions in relationships, aging, loss, or end of life. I enjoy work with artists seeking to free creative energy. I see each client as unique and our work together as an exploration of what is possible, desirable and achievable.
I offer psychotherapy and psychoanalysis to individuals and groups in a positive, safe, non-judgmental environment. My goal is to provide the right balance of support and challenge to help each client work, play and love to the fullest of his or her potential. I frequently work with clients who have experienced early wounding as well as those having difficulty with transitions in relationships, aging, loss, or end of life. I enjoy work with artists seeking to free creative energy. I see each client as unique and our work together as an exploration of what is possible, desirable and achievable.
(215) 703-7941 View (215) 703-7941
Photo of Ashirah Rollins, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Ashirah Rollins
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102  (Online Only)
Today, we live in such a demanding, fast paced world. Do you ever find yourself struggling despite being strong, dedicated and determined? Have you reached a point in your life where you feel overwhelmed, stuck or uncertain and have difficulty keeping promises to yourself? Being a therapist gives me the opportunity to support, empathize and reassure individuals that they are NOT alone in this process. I believe that everyone is capable of digging deep and reaching their full potential.
Today, we live in such a demanding, fast paced world. Do you ever find yourself struggling despite being strong, dedicated and determined? Have you reached a point in your life where you feel overwhelmed, stuck or uncertain and have difficulty keeping promises to yourself? Being a therapist gives me the opportunity to support, empathize and reassure individuals that they are NOT alone in this process. I believe that everyone is capable of digging deep and reaching their full potential.
(267) 459-3409 View (267) 459-3409
Photo of Dr. Margaux Desjardins, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
Dr. Margaux Desjardins
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Hello! my name is Margaux Desjardins. I'm a Doctor of Psychology with over 15 years of clinical experience. I have specialized skills in listening and understanding human behavior and treating suffering. If you feel stuck: repeatedly thinking, feeling, or behaving in ways that ultimately cause you pain, talk therapy can help. By meeting regularly with an impartial but caring professional who is concerned only for your growth and development, you will come to learn about yourself in new ways and discover how to achieve the life goals that are most important to you.
Hello! my name is Margaux Desjardins. I'm a Doctor of Psychology with over 15 years of clinical experience. I have specialized skills in listening and understanding human behavior and treating suffering. If you feel stuck: repeatedly thinking, feeling, or behaving in ways that ultimately cause you pain, talk therapy can help. By meeting regularly with an impartial but caring professional who is concerned only for your growth and development, you will come to learn about yourself in new ways and discover how to achieve the life goals that are most important to you.
(484) 600-2149 View (484) 600-2149
Photo of William Dougherty, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
William Dougherty
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19143  (Online Only)
I have been in the mental health field since 1998, working for such organizations as Special Equestrians as a side aid volunteer assisting people with physical and/or mental health disabilities and Lenape Valley Foundation as both a house advisor and a Partial Hospital Program group therapist for people with severe and persistent mental illness. I also worked for Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia for their Narcotic Addict Rehabilitation Program where I was a counselor for people addicted to heroin.
I have been in the mental health field since 1998, working for such organizations as Special Equestrians as a side aid volunteer assisting people with physical and/or mental health disabilities and Lenape Valley Foundation as both a house advisor and a Partial Hospital Program group therapist for people with severe and persistent mental illness. I also worked for Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia for their Narcotic Addict Rehabilitation Program where I was a counselor for people addicted to heroin.
(215) 769-9906 View (215) 769-9906
Photo of Nicholas Del Pesco, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Nicholas Del Pesco
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19106  (Online Only)
Not feeling like yourself? Stuck in obsessive loops? Struggling with low or unpredictable mood? You don't have to keep repeating dysfunctional patterns or remain in chronic states of depression and anxiety. Through exploring your issues with a non-judgmental therapist, you can regain a sense of mastery and well-being in your life. Give yourself the time and attention that you deserve.
Not feeling like yourself? Stuck in obsessive loops? Struggling with low or unpredictable mood? You don't have to keep repeating dysfunctional patterns or remain in chronic states of depression and anxiety. Through exploring your issues with a non-judgmental therapist, you can regain a sense of mastery and well-being in your life. Give yourself the time and attention that you deserve.
(215) 515-8018 View (215) 515-8018

See more therapy options for Philadelphia

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in Philadelphia, PA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
74% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
65% Coping Skills
60% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
65% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Philadelphia, PA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
20% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Philadelphia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.