Therapists in Washington, DC

View neighborhoods in Washington
Photo of Jose Diaz, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Jose Diaz
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Jose L. Diaz, a Licensed Counselor in D.C. with 16 total years of experience, I have had the privilege to to meet a variety of people in some of the most challenging times of their lives. Being able to be an intimate part of their lives, and connecting with their challenges, pain and suffering has allowed me to understand individuals beyond my clinical abilities. I have always remembered the human component that we all possess and the residency that we all have is what we use to leverage the recovery towards your well-being. I sincerely appreciate and respect being allowed into your life.
Hello, I'm Jose L. Diaz, a Licensed Counselor in D.C. with 16 total years of experience, I have had the privilege to to meet a variety of people in some of the most challenging times of their lives. Being able to be an intimate part of their lives, and connecting with their challenges, pain and suffering has allowed me to understand individuals beyond my clinical abilities. I have always remembered the human component that we all possess and the residency that we all have is what we use to leverage the recovery towards your well-being. I sincerely appreciate and respect being allowed into your life.
(833) 214-6222 View (833) 214-6222
Photo of Lauren Kay Laich, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Lauren Kay Laich
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20004  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My greatest reward is helping clients explore ways to change their lives, allowing them to feel hopeful about the future. I work from a person-centered perspective, allowing my clients to determine the pace & direction of therapy. I have extensive experience working with people struggling with various issues, such as depression, anxiety, trauma, OCD, addiction, & self-esteem. I use CBT, DBT, & Motivational Interviewing techniques, based on the needs of the individual. I believe that we all need someone to talk with who will really listen & accept us as we are, without judgment; this is my goal as a therapist.
My greatest reward is helping clients explore ways to change their lives, allowing them to feel hopeful about the future. I work from a person-centered perspective, allowing my clients to determine the pace & direction of therapy. I have extensive experience working with people struggling with various issues, such as depression, anxiety, trauma, OCD, addiction, & self-esteem. I use CBT, DBT, & Motivational Interviewing techniques, based on the needs of the individual. I believe that we all need someone to talk with who will really listen & accept us as we are, without judgment; this is my goal as a therapist.
(866) 275-2079 View (866) 275-2079
Photo of Sandra L Francis, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Sandra L Francis
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20037
Not accepting new clients
Hi! I'm a psychologist who has lived in the Washington DC area for nearly thirty years. I know that life in this region can be stressful, with traffic, high-pressure jobs, and interpersonal demands. I help people find ways to cope with these pressures and life's many challenges, including relationship concerns, self-esteem issues, self-defeating behaviors, emotional reactivity, anxiety, depression, grief and loss, and life transitions. I believe that a therapeutic relationship offering confidentiality, safety, respect, curiosity, and a little humor, provides the most fertile soil for self exploration, healing, and growth.
Hi! I'm a psychologist who has lived in the Washington DC area for nearly thirty years. I know that life in this region can be stressful, with traffic, high-pressure jobs, and interpersonal demands. I help people find ways to cope with these pressures and life's many challenges, including relationship concerns, self-esteem issues, self-defeating behaviors, emotional reactivity, anxiety, depression, grief and loss, and life transitions. I believe that a therapeutic relationship offering confidentiality, safety, respect, curiosity, and a little humor, provides the most fertile soil for self exploration, healing, and growth.
(202) 831-0310 View (202) 831-0310
Photo of Brendalan Jackson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Brendalan Jackson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20002  (Online Only)
I am a seasoned professional with many years spent providing quality services working with families and individuals to restore hope during difficult times. I strive to give you a space to be your most authentic self. I create a safe, compassionate, and non-judgment environment, supporting your healing journey. I am licensed in Delaware, Washington, DC, and Virginia.
I am a seasoned professional with many years spent providing quality services working with families and individuals to restore hope during difficult times. I strive to give you a space to be your most authentic self. I create a safe, compassionate, and non-judgment environment, supporting your healing journey. I am licensed in Delaware, Washington, DC, and Virginia.
(301) 684-6522 View (301) 684-6522
Photo of Brittany Phipps, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Brittany Phipps
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMFT, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20016
Not accepting new clients
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) in the District of Columbia. I have extensive experience working with children and teenagers ages 5-18, as well as adults 18+. I work with individuals experiencing grief, anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, and stage of life transitions. I also work with couples and families who are experiencing ineffective communication styles, anxiety, depression, and trauma.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) in the District of Columbia. I have extensive experience working with children and teenagers ages 5-18, as well as adults 18+. I work with individuals experiencing grief, anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, and stage of life transitions. I also work with couples and families who are experiencing ineffective communication styles, anxiety, depression, and trauma.
(202) 335-4546 View (202) 335-4546
Photo of Megan Shaine, Counselor in Washington, DC
Megan Shaine
Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
Whether you're facing a difficult transition, struggling with loss, or simply feeling stuck in your life, I will work with you from a collaborative, non-judgmental place. Many clients benefit from exploring the roots of their emotional and behavioral difficulties, while others prefer a more focused, goal-oriented approach; my aim is to find the balance that is right for you. Together, I hope we can move toward alternative solutions and possibilities in your life.
Whether you're facing a difficult transition, struggling with loss, or simply feeling stuck in your life, I will work with you from a collaborative, non-judgmental place. Many clients benefit from exploring the roots of their emotional and behavioral difficulties, while others prefer a more focused, goal-oriented approach; my aim is to find the balance that is right for you. Together, I hope we can move toward alternative solutions and possibilities in your life.
(202) 759-6617 View (202) 759-6617
Photo of Samuel Howden, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Samuel Howden
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20007  (Online Only)
My approach to psychotherapy comes from an understanding that every individual is unique and to treat each individual with respect, sensitivity, and compassion is vital build strong therapeutic relationship. I don't believe in stigmatizing labels. If you are ready I am more than happy to be here to support and empower you!
My approach to psychotherapy comes from an understanding that every individual is unique and to treat each individual with respect, sensitivity, and compassion is vital build strong therapeutic relationship. I don't believe in stigmatizing labels. If you are ready I am more than happy to be here to support and empower you!
(202) 851-7188 View (202) 851-7188
Photo of Jennifer Joyner-Hall, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Jennifer Joyner-Hall
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20009
Life is challenging and at times we need geniune help to grow to our fullest potential. As a clinical psychologist, it is my passion to help individuals discover what keeps them from obtaining their life goals. Depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties, divorce, and/or basic growing pains can negatively impact one's life. My practice is centered around breaking down the barriers that impede on life success, and learning real strategies to combat future difficulties. In addition to traditional therapy, I also provide parenting coordination for parents looking for alternative ways to address co-parenting difficulties.
Life is challenging and at times we need geniune help to grow to our fullest potential. As a clinical psychologist, it is my passion to help individuals discover what keeps them from obtaining their life goals. Depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties, divorce, and/or basic growing pains can negatively impact one's life. My practice is centered around breaking down the barriers that impede on life success, and learning real strategies to combat future difficulties. In addition to traditional therapy, I also provide parenting coordination for parents looking for alternative ways to address co-parenting difficulties.
(202) 559-4821 View (202) 559-4821
Photo of Leen Nguyen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Leen Nguyen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20002  (Online Only)
I practice an integrative and holistic therapeutic approach, addressing mind, body, and spirit. With expertise in crisis, trauma, and addiction, I view clients through a contextual and social lens, guided by the Person-in-Environment Theory.
I practice an integrative and holistic therapeutic approach, addressing mind, body, and spirit. With expertise in crisis, trauma, and addiction, I view clients through a contextual and social lens, guided by the Person-in-Environment Theory.
(833) 659-8154 View (833) 659-8154
Photo of Supreme Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Supreme Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LCPC, NCC, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20005  (Online Only)
I am a National Certified Counselor, a Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC and a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in the state of Maryland. I have nearly 20 years of counseling experience treating adolescents and teenagers dealing with school issues, behaviors problems, depression, anxiety, social skills, self-identity and low self-esteem. I have 10 years of experience in providing counseling to college students dealing with college issues, career choices, transition to adulthood, anxiety, depression, and concerns relating to their future.
I am a National Certified Counselor, a Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC and a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in the state of Maryland. I have nearly 20 years of counseling experience treating adolescents and teenagers dealing with school issues, behaviors problems, depression, anxiety, social skills, self-identity and low self-esteem. I have 10 years of experience in providing counseling to college students dealing with college issues, career choices, transition to adulthood, anxiety, depression, and concerns relating to their future.
(202) 929-3289 View (202) 929-3289
Photo of Malca Gottlieb, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Malca Gottlieb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20016  (Online Only)
Malca Gottlieb is described by her clients as a wonderful listener -- calm, patient, and deeply insightful about people and their relationships. She works with clients who may feel routinized or feel that their passions and ambitions are being frustrated by their surroundings. She specializes in working with families and individuals who feel that family dynamics may be working against them, and who seek better relationships for themselves and their families. Malca helps her clients engage with the world in a way that prioritizes collaboration over conflict. Malca is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LC50079200) in
Malca Gottlieb is described by her clients as a wonderful listener -- calm, patient, and deeply insightful about people and their relationships. She works with clients who may feel routinized or feel that their passions and ambitions are being frustrated by their surroundings. She specializes in working with families and individuals who feel that family dynamics may be working against them, and who seek better relationships for themselves and their families. Malca helps her clients engage with the world in a way that prioritizes collaboration over conflict. Malca is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LC50079200) in
(202) 831-3282 View (202) 831-3282
Photo of Jennifer T. Ha, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Jennifer T. Ha
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As a professional mental health counselor, Jennifer aims to support and facilitate growth and resiliency as well as assist in processing, managing, and improving healing strategies for her clients. Clients will work collaboratively to improve current concerns in a compassionate and confidential environment. Jennifer’s professional counseling experience reflects inclusive work with the diverse population of the DC, Maryland, and Virginia area. Her clinical experience involves individual, family, couples, and group therapy.
As a professional mental health counselor, Jennifer aims to support and facilitate growth and resiliency as well as assist in processing, managing, and improving healing strategies for her clients. Clients will work collaboratively to improve current concerns in a compassionate and confidential environment. Jennifer’s professional counseling experience reflects inclusive work with the diverse population of the DC, Maryland, and Virginia area. Her clinical experience involves individual, family, couples, and group therapy.
View
Photo of Meghan Garrity Mastroianni, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Meghan Garrity Mastroianni
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR, CAC II
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Meghan Garrity Mastroianni is a licensed professional counselor (LPC), certified addictions counselor (CAC II) and Art Therapist (ATR) who has experience working with addictions, trauma, personality disorders, anxiety and depression. Meghan is trained as an art therapist and is able to offer this modality to help clients build insight and understanding when words are simply not enough. Meghan also utilizes motivational interviewing, ACT, CBT techniques and mindfulness to help clients understand their patterns, process challenges and build skills to help them cope.
Meghan Garrity Mastroianni is a licensed professional counselor (LPC), certified addictions counselor (CAC II) and Art Therapist (ATR) who has experience working with addictions, trauma, personality disorders, anxiety and depression. Meghan is trained as an art therapist and is able to offer this modality to help clients build insight and understanding when words are simply not enough. Meghan also utilizes motivational interviewing, ACT, CBT techniques and mindfulness to help clients understand their patterns, process challenges and build skills to help them cope.
(202) 839-9564 View (202) 839-9564
Photo of Hilary Klein, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Hilary Klein
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20015
Therapy can help people to move forward beyond painful experiences and self-defeating behaviors. With a focus on establishing a safe, confidential environment, my approach is active and and collaborative, so together we can explore experiences, relationships, and patterns to produce personal growth and greater fulfillment.
Therapy can help people to move forward beyond painful experiences and self-defeating behaviors. With a focus on establishing a safe, confidential environment, my approach is active and and collaborative, so together we can explore experiences, relationships, and patterns to produce personal growth and greater fulfillment.
(202) 602-1935 View (202) 602-1935
Photo of Jeffrey Richardson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Jeffrey Richardson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LGSW, SUPV
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20019
I specialize in supporting clients in navigating transition and change while developing coping strategies for managing anxiety, stress triggers, new health diagnosis, interpersonal conflict, and relationship management.
I specialize in supporting clients in navigating transition and change while developing coping strategies for managing anxiety, stress triggers, new health diagnosis, interpersonal conflict, and relationship management.
(877) 817-1421 View (877) 817-1421
Photo of Merav Auzenne, Counselor in Washington, DC
Merav Auzenne
Counselor, LGPC, MA
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009  (Online Only)
Hi, my name is Merav Auzenne. I have been a Professional Counselor and Family Marriage Therapist since 2011. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I specialize in working with individuals who are going through a career adjustment, life transition, or are experiencing postpartum, depression, divorce, PTSD, identity issues, low self-esteem, and anxiety. I have experience working with mixed-race, multicultural, and orthodox couples on various issues like communication skills, conflict resolution, and emotional connection.
Hi, my name is Merav Auzenne. I have been a Professional Counselor and Family Marriage Therapist since 2011. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I specialize in working with individuals who are going through a career adjustment, life transition, or are experiencing postpartum, depression, divorce, PTSD, identity issues, low self-esteem, and anxiety. I have experience working with mixed-race, multicultural, and orthodox couples on various issues like communication skills, conflict resolution, and emotional connection.
(833) 590-1642 View (833) 590-1642
Photo of Joana Tasi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Joana Tasi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
If life is so much better when shared with someone, why does having a loving and healthy relationship sometimes seem so hard? The more you try to make things better, the worse it gets. Any cry for help only leads to more distance, more conflict. You live with your frustration and hope that change will come but nothing happens. You’ve felt the pull of hopelessness, isolation is not an option, and you’ve run out of the usual coping strategies. As a Certified Emotionally Focused therapist, my goal is to help you find your way out of the maze and create stronger and healthier relationships with your loved one(s).
If life is so much better when shared with someone, why does having a loving and healthy relationship sometimes seem so hard? The more you try to make things better, the worse it gets. Any cry for help only leads to more distance, more conflict. You live with your frustration and hope that change will come but nothing happens. You’ve felt the pull of hopelessness, isolation is not an option, and you’ve run out of the usual coping strategies. As a Certified Emotionally Focused therapist, my goal is to help you find your way out of the maze and create stronger and healthier relationships with your loved one(s).
(202) 759-6656 View (202) 759-6656
Photo of Joy Natwick, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Joy Natwick
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20016
I'm a dedicated Licensed Professional Counselor with a passion for fostering growth and resilience in individuals and families. My aim is to provide a nurturing and supportive environment where clients of all ages can explore their inner worlds, overcome challenges, and discover their innate potential for healing and transformation. Whether you're seeking therapy for yourself or your child, adolescent, or family unit, I tailor my approach to meet your specific needs and goals. I work with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, anger, ADHD, autism spectrum disorders, low self-esteem, trauma, drug and alcohol use and more.
I'm a dedicated Licensed Professional Counselor with a passion for fostering growth and resilience in individuals and families. My aim is to provide a nurturing and supportive environment where clients of all ages can explore their inner worlds, overcome challenges, and discover their innate potential for healing and transformation. Whether you're seeking therapy for yourself or your child, adolescent, or family unit, I tailor my approach to meet your specific needs and goals. I work with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, anger, ADHD, autism spectrum disorders, low self-esteem, trauma, drug and alcohol use and more.
(202) 810-1153 View (202) 810-1153
Photo of Emily M. Bauman, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Emily M. Bauman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20016
Are you feeling anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed? Do you have trouble sleeping? Have you been through a traumatic experience or painful loss? Are you struggling to cope with stressful relationships? Then contact me today to move one step closer to feeling better tomorrow. I provide individual psychotherapy for anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, adjustment concerns, perinatal/postpartum issues, and I specialize in treating PTSD and associated conditions. It takes courage to look inward, make changes, and begin to heal. Together we'll develop a personalized treatment plan to help you feel better and reach your goals.
Are you feeling anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed? Do you have trouble sleeping? Have you been through a traumatic experience or painful loss? Are you struggling to cope with stressful relationships? Then contact me today to move one step closer to feeling better tomorrow. I provide individual psychotherapy for anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, adjustment concerns, perinatal/postpartum issues, and I specialize in treating PTSD and associated conditions. It takes courage to look inward, make changes, and begin to heal. Together we'll develop a personalized treatment plan to help you feel better and reach your goals.
(202) 540-0845 View (202) 540-0845
Photo of Alloy Wellness, Marriage & Family Therapist in Washington, DC
Alloy Wellness
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20001  (Online Only)
Are you tired of arguing and not seeing eye to eye in any of your relationships? Has infidelity resulted in trust concerns in your marriage? Are you struggling with being able to successful have hard conversations with your employees? Are you struggling with childhood trauma? Are you and your partner thinking about marriage? As a wellness practice, Alloy Wellness believe's that relationship's are the central tenant of our lives. Our philosophy is that in order to begin creating change, one must first understand the complexities of their interpersonal relationships. We provide therapy for Individuals, couples, and families.
Are you tired of arguing and not seeing eye to eye in any of your relationships? Has infidelity resulted in trust concerns in your marriage? Are you struggling with being able to successful have hard conversations with your employees? Are you struggling with childhood trauma? Are you and your partner thinking about marriage? As a wellness practice, Alloy Wellness believe's that relationship's are the central tenant of our lives. Our philosophy is that in order to begin creating change, one must first understand the complexities of their interpersonal relationships. We provide therapy for Individuals, couples, and families.
View

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Washington, DC

2,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Washington, DC who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% CareFirst
53% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Washington, DC see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Washington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.