Therapists in Phoenix, AZ
Anna Valenti-Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LISAC, CSAT-S, CMAT-S
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85018
Change is hard. I respect your right to CHOOSE support. I believe you want to improve your life. I provide you with tangible methods to help you achieve realistic goals. I support you with positive encouragement instead of guilt or shame. I am here to help you help yourself.
Change is hard. I respect your right to CHOOSE support. I believe you want to improve your life. I provide you with tangible methods to help you achieve realistic goals. I support you with positive encouragement instead of guilt or shame. I am here to help you help yourself.
Jessica Roberts
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85012 (Online Only)
Swipe right on me! :) Just kidding, different app! - I specialize in affirming your strengths while identifying your barriers to growth. It gives me joy to help you see the “true self” that may have been obscured by feelings of anxiety and depression. By remembering and connecting with who you are, you are able to enact a vision of who you want to become. My clients are able to feel more comfortable in their own skin and achieve their goals of greater balance and peace in their lives. I especially enjoy working with young women to help you on your journey of self-discovery both individually and in relationship.
Swipe right on me! :) Just kidding, different app! - I specialize in affirming your strengths while identifying your barriers to growth. It gives me joy to help you see the “true self” that may have been obscured by feelings of anxiety and depression. By remembering and connecting with who you are, you are able to enact a vision of who you want to become. My clients are able to feel more comfortable in their own skin and achieve their goals of greater balance and peace in their lives. I especially enjoy working with young women to help you on your journey of self-discovery both individually and in relationship.
InterventionASAP
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, ICAADAC, BRI-II, CIP, CAI
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85022
Our focus is helping people that care about someone struggling with an addiction that is resistant to facing and addressing their problem (denial that such a problem exists). Being trained in all models of a addiction intervention we blend approaches to provide the most effective results based on the unique aspects of your situation Through the intervention process, we work together to facilitate entry into treatment for a loved ones addiction. Our collaborative intervention process educating, coaching and empowering people that care by taking action in the form of a professionally led intervention. WE TRAVEL NATIONWIDE TO HELP FAMILIES
Our focus is helping people that care about someone struggling with an addiction that is resistant to facing and addressing their problem (denial that such a problem exists). Being trained in all models of a addiction intervention we blend approaches to provide the most effective results based on the unique aspects of your situation Through the intervention process, we work together to facilitate entry into treatment for a loved ones addiction. Our collaborative intervention process educating, coaching and empowering people that care by taking action in the form of a professionally led intervention. WE TRAVEL NATIONWIDE TO HELP FAMILIES
AZ Speech & Psychological Institute
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85044
>>>>> FREE 30 MINUTE CONSULTATION <<<<< We are a place for individuals to shine - where learning becomes inspirational and succeeding allows for maximum potential. We specialize in educational, psychological, and speech evaluations with experience in special needs and a personalized approach in assessments and recommendations. We have multiple locations across Arizona helping family meet their needs.
>>>>> FREE 30 MINUTE CONSULTATION <<<<< We are a place for individuals to shine - where learning becomes inspirational and succeeding allows for maximum potential. We specialize in educational, psychological, and speech evaluations with experience in special needs and a personalized approach in assessments and recommendations. We have multiple locations across Arizona helping family meet their needs.
Leslie Daugherty
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSEd, LMFT, CCTP
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85020
If you’re struggling with keeping it together and feel like you don’t have much more to give, if it’s been months since you felt like yourself, if you keep promising yourself to make a change but feel overwhelmed or don’t know where to start, I can help make your life a brighter place. When we’re struggling, we feel alone yet hesitate to seek support from others because of shame or not wanting to burden others with our “problems.” Depression and anxiety are not a weakness, an inherent problem, or a punishment that we deserve. I will help you see that you deserve better; you deserve to be happy, to feel love, and to experience peace
If you’re struggling with keeping it together and feel like you don’t have much more to give, if it’s been months since you felt like yourself, if you keep promising yourself to make a change but feel overwhelmed or don’t know where to start, I can help make your life a brighter place. When we’re struggling, we feel alone yet hesitate to seek support from others because of shame or not wanting to burden others with our “problems.” Depression and anxiety are not a weakness, an inherent problem, or a punishment that we deserve. I will help you see that you deserve better; you deserve to be happy, to feel love, and to experience peace
Tonya Kinnaman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85085
I am passionate about providing support for those adults who have lost a companion animal. Pets are an important part of our lives and when we lose one, a whole range of emotions can come up including grief, confusion, anger, guilt and depression. I have a Pet Loss Grief Support Group that can provide you support and encouragement in your journey of grief after losing your pet.
I am passionate about providing support for those adults who have lost a companion animal. Pets are an important part of our lives and when we lose one, a whole range of emotions can come up including grief, confusion, anger, guilt and depression. I have a Pet Loss Grief Support Group that can provide you support and encouragement in your journey of grief after losing your pet.
Life Works AZ, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAPC, LPC, CAGS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85014
I work with CHILDREN,TEENS, FAMILIES, ADULTS to create change in these areas: depression, anxiety, unhealthy- behaviors, self-esteem, ,anger, motivation in school, and more. I am passionate about my work. I love working with: adults, adolescents, couples,and families .I am able to connect with tots to teens to adults. Kids quickly feel safe and comfortable and parents feel encouraged with great results. I work with ADULTS: to effectively alleviate depressive and anxious moods, and learn to cope with grief, loss, and difficult and painful life situations. I work teaching skills to manage stress, create health and happiness in your life.
I work with CHILDREN,TEENS, FAMILIES, ADULTS to create change in these areas: depression, anxiety, unhealthy- behaviors, self-esteem, ,anger, motivation in school, and more. I am passionate about my work. I love working with: adults, adolescents, couples,and families .I am able to connect with tots to teens to adults. Kids quickly feel safe and comfortable and parents feel encouraged with great results. I work with ADULTS: to effectively alleviate depressive and anxious moods, and learn to cope with grief, loss, and difficult and painful life situations. I work teaching skills to manage stress, create health and happiness in your life.
Judith McHale
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85018
The relationship between therapist and client is unique. Time spent together is purposefully structured to support that uniqueness and establish a framework and rhythm for working. Our work together will be centered in a spirit of safety, dignity, and respect at all times for your goals and needs.
The relationship between therapist and client is unique. Time spent together is purposefully structured to support that uniqueness and establish a framework and rhythm for working. Our work together will be centered in a spirit of safety, dignity, and respect at all times for your goals and needs.
Lorain Moorehead
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85044
Do you feel like you’ve made it to a place where you expected to be happy but instead you are lashing out or suffering from anxiety or panic? Maybe you're noticing more frustration with people or certain thoughts holding you back. It’s possible this is coming from experiences that you thought you’d moved on from, and even though you have an idea why you are reacting this way you haven't been able to make a change on your own. Otherwise, maybe you had expectations for pregnancy or child birth that were not met or were even traumatic, and you want to process this experience in order to move into the next stage of life.
Do you feel like you’ve made it to a place where you expected to be happy but instead you are lashing out or suffering from anxiety or panic? Maybe you're noticing more frustration with people or certain thoughts holding you back. It’s possible this is coming from experiences that you thought you’d moved on from, and even though you have an idea why you are reacting this way you haven't been able to make a change on your own. Otherwise, maybe you had expectations for pregnancy or child birth that were not met or were even traumatic, and you want to process this experience in order to move into the next stage of life.
Nicholas Rudgear
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85018
I help people find relief from depression, trauma, and ADHD by helping them understand their unique story and how they have come to navigate in the world. We not only identify what isn’t working, but the why behind it. Then, I help them learn to make needed changes and to have more compassionate relationships with themselves and others. I work with those who often feel a deep sense of shame or may never have had a healthy attachment. I partner with those who feel at war with themselves and/or others and engage in negative patterns but struggle to stop it. Ultimately, I help people come home to themselves.
I help people find relief from depression, trauma, and ADHD by helping them understand their unique story and how they have come to navigate in the world. We not only identify what isn’t working, but the why behind it. Then, I help them learn to make needed changes and to have more compassionate relationships with themselves and others. I work with those who often feel a deep sense of shame or may never have had a healthy attachment. I partner with those who feel at war with themselves and/or others and engage in negative patterns but struggle to stop it. Ultimately, I help people come home to themselves.
Katelyn Wierenga
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85043 (Online Only)
I have worked with a number of individuals with different needs, challenges and backgrounds like Anxiety, Depression, Transition to Adulthood and overall life stressors. I work with both teenagers and adult.
I have worked with a number of individuals with different needs, challenges and backgrounds like Anxiety, Depression, Transition to Adulthood and overall life stressors. I work with both teenagers and adult.
15 Second Videos
Jessica Roberts
Lorain Moorehead
Briana Stonelake
Kristin Mervich
Jeanine Whitehead
Jennifer Beall
Valerie Fink Sierra
Karen Ruskin
Precious Chapman
Couples Communication Intensive - Brent Peak LPC
Urim Recovery - EMDR, ADHD/Autism & Trauma
Traci Andes
Mindful Youth Foundation
Charity Northan
Gil Gershon Tivon
Kaelynn Buchanan
Lauren C. Taveras
Gina Yanovitch Woman Specialist
Deana Bledsoe
Johnna Harris
Jennifer Vega
Amanda Anderson
Genaro Huerta
Kyle Payne
Jennifer Jakobsen - Life Coach And Therapist
Aubrey Nelson
Roshelle Johnson
Amanda Lugo
Elizabeth Ogren
Jillian Caldwell
Lauren J Border
Sheri Orr
Jason Fierstein | Phoenix Men's Counseling
Maryann Potter
Lisa Geiser
Daniela Petznick
Mood by Kim
Laura Walton
Adriana G Cardona
Lisa Mutterperl
Molly Anne McGinnis
Vanessa Beck
Compassionate Psychotherapy Services
Ira J Dressner
Grace M Shivka
Kyle Giblin
Jennifer Hotchner
Rachel Voltz
Katie Thies-Purvis
Elijah Bedrosian
Dr. Shannon Leah Hendrickson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85016 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Telehealth Only; Do you struggle with imposter syndrome? Do you often find yourself comparing yourself to others around you? Do you worry that your thoughts or experiences are "abnormal" or shameful? So many of my clients come to therapy with these same fears and insecurities. I am no stranger to these very emotions myself! While I know it may seem easier to bottle these feelings up, tuck them away, and pretend they're not there, I also know that you can learn to release them, and I am honored to help. I believe that therapy is a safe space for individuals to explore their true authentic selves without fear of judgment or reprisal.
Telehealth Only; Do you struggle with imposter syndrome? Do you often find yourself comparing yourself to others around you? Do you worry that your thoughts or experiences are "abnormal" or shameful? So many of my clients come to therapy with these same fears and insecurities. I am no stranger to these very emotions myself! While I know it may seem easier to bottle these feelings up, tuck them away, and pretend they're not there, I also know that you can learn to release them, and I am honored to help. I believe that therapy is a safe space for individuals to explore their true authentic selves without fear of judgment or reprisal.
Sandra O'Connell
Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85085 (Online Only)
Are you struggling to function in the present or feeling paralyzed by events of the past? Are you experiencing the effects of debilitating grief and loss? Are you feeling stifled from reaching your full potential and connecting to how you are being led moment by moment? Whether your blocks are the result of PTSD, abuse, chronic pain or illness, or painful losses, there is hope for the future. It is possible to live a life freed from the symptoms that prevent you from engaging fully in life. Now you can live the life purpose for which you have been created. You can soar freed from the chains that bind.
Are you struggling to function in the present or feeling paralyzed by events of the past? Are you experiencing the effects of debilitating grief and loss? Are you feeling stifled from reaching your full potential and connecting to how you are being led moment by moment? Whether your blocks are the result of PTSD, abuse, chronic pain or illness, or painful losses, there is hope for the future. It is possible to live a life freed from the symptoms that prevent you from engaging fully in life. Now you can live the life purpose for which you have been created. You can soar freed from the chains that bind.
Samuel Damon Mays
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85021
The current world offers individuals a variety of challenges that can be daunting when feeling alone or left without viable solutions. We want, and need, to be well and that means identifying problems, their sources, and figuring out the best answers from the available options. Together, I aim to help navigate that journey.
The current world offers individuals a variety of challenges that can be daunting when feeling alone or left without viable solutions. We want, and need, to be well and that means identifying problems, their sources, and figuring out the best answers from the available options. Together, I aim to help navigate that journey.
Valerie Lyon
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CTSS
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85050 (Online Only)
I am currently accepting new clients for telehealth appointments Monday - Thursday. If you are feeling overwhelmed or down, maybe asking yourself questions like “Why do I keep doing this when I know it makes things worse, not better?” or “Why do my thoughts or emotions feel so out of control?,” or "I am really unhappy in this situation but how am I going to change it?"- I would like to help you find answers and learn how to start feeling better! I offer a caring and nonjudgmental place to unload what is bothering you, and I will draw from experience and mental health expertise to help you see a new way forward.
I am currently accepting new clients for telehealth appointments Monday - Thursday. If you are feeling overwhelmed or down, maybe asking yourself questions like “Why do I keep doing this when I know it makes things worse, not better?” or “Why do my thoughts or emotions feel so out of control?,” or "I am really unhappy in this situation but how am I going to change it?"- I would like to help you find answers and learn how to start feeling better! I offer a caring and nonjudgmental place to unload what is bothering you, and I will draw from experience and mental health expertise to help you see a new way forward.
Briana Stonelake
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85027 (Online Only)
New Client Availability. We partner with you to gain clarity, confidence and connected relationships. We help people gain greater success through transforming relationships, overcoming trauma, and mastering mindsets. We help you get unstuck and gain momentum towards the life you want. Through equipping you to address past and present difficulties, it will decrease stress, improve relationships, and find your deeper purpose in life. We will work together to develop tools to improve communication, set healthy boundaries, and help you get freedom for a healthier, happier life. Your next level is around the corner.
New Client Availability. We partner with you to gain clarity, confidence and connected relationships. We help people gain greater success through transforming relationships, overcoming trauma, and mastering mindsets. We help you get unstuck and gain momentum towards the life you want. Through equipping you to address past and present difficulties, it will decrease stress, improve relationships, and find your deeper purpose in life. We will work together to develop tools to improve communication, set healthy boundaries, and help you get freedom for a healthier, happier life. Your next level is around the corner.
Adam L. Fried
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85028
Not accepting new clients
*NOT ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS AT THIS TIME* Are you frequently stressed, frustrated and find yourself snapping at the people you love the most? Do you worry well into the night and feel your confidence lagging at work or school? Are you easily angered and find that your relationships are suffering? I help people who feel anxious, lost and overwhelmed understand where the feelings come from so they can implement practical strategies to feel less burdened and start feeling better. I work collaboratively with clients to identify goals and create a plan for change.
*NOT ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS AT THIS TIME* Are you frequently stressed, frustrated and find yourself snapping at the people you love the most? Do you worry well into the night and feel your confidence lagging at work or school? Are you easily angered and find that your relationships are suffering? I help people who feel anxious, lost and overwhelmed understand where the feelings come from so they can implement practical strategies to feel less burdened and start feeling better. I work collaboratively with clients to identify goals and create a plan for change.
Kristin Mervich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW , LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85028
Feeling worried much of the time, having panic attacks, and feeling so overwhelmed by your thoughts can be exhausting. My clients often find themselves in this loop of having debilitating thoughts, needing to get rid of them, keeping track of what triggers anxiety so they can avoid it, and yet the worry seems to grow even stronger. And eventually, they are beyond frustrated that these worries seem to be taking over their life. Some thoughts can be about contamination or health, fear of harming others, anxiety related to social situations or morality. Whatever it is, the fears interfere with what's most important to them.
Feeling worried much of the time, having panic attacks, and feeling so overwhelmed by your thoughts can be exhausting. My clients often find themselves in this loop of having debilitating thoughts, needing to get rid of them, keeping track of what triggers anxiety so they can avoid it, and yet the worry seems to grow even stronger. And eventually, they are beyond frustrated that these worries seem to be taking over their life. Some thoughts can be about contamination or health, fear of harming others, anxiety related to social situations or morality. Whatever it is, the fears interfere with what's most important to them.
Jeanine Whitehead
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85003 (Online Only)
I want to acknowledge the courage you are demonstrating as you take steps to seek support; this process can feel scary and overwhelming. To ease those feelings, I want to share a little bit about myself with you. My name is Jeanine Whitehead and I describe myself as empathetic, supportive, and silly. I enjoy spending time going to the movies, reading a good book, and exploring my community with friends and family. As a person from a multicultural and biracial background, I understand the challenges that often impact one’s sense of belonging and identity.
I want to acknowledge the courage you are demonstrating as you take steps to seek support; this process can feel scary and overwhelming. To ease those feelings, I want to share a little bit about myself with you. My name is Jeanine Whitehead and I describe myself as empathetic, supportive, and silly. I enjoy spending time going to the movies, reading a good book, and exploring my community with friends and family. As a person from a multicultural and biracial background, I understand the challenges that often impact one’s sense of belonging and identity.
Precious Chapman
Licensed Associate Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85004 (Online Only)
I'm a devoted Counselor, committed to empowering healthier relationships within and with loved ones. My journey centers on dismantling damaging behaviors, habits, and beliefs. My approach is direct: it's all about you. No scripts, just real connection. I nurture trust, empathy, and openness. Patience is key as we explore and celebrate together. Why Counselor? I've seen its transformative magic. It's crafting a brighter future that echoes through generations. Join me on this journey of self-discovery, healing, and growth. Let's paint a radiant tomorrow.
I'm a devoted Counselor, committed to empowering healthier relationships within and with loved ones. My journey centers on dismantling damaging behaviors, habits, and beliefs. My approach is direct: it's all about you. No scripts, just real connection. I nurture trust, empathy, and openness. Patience is key as we explore and celebrate together. Why Counselor? I've seen its transformative magic. It's crafting a brighter future that echoes through generations. Join me on this journey of self-discovery, healing, and growth. Let's paint a radiant tomorrow.
See more therapy options for Phoenix
How does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in Phoenix, AZ
1,000+
Average cost per session
$150
Therapists in Phoenix, AZ who prioritize treating:
91% | Anxiety |
84% | Depression |
76% | Relationship Issues |
76% | Trauma and PTSD |
76% | Self Esteem |
70% | Stress |
69% | Coping Skills |
Average years in practice
11 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
82% | Aetna |
67% | BlueCross and BlueShield |
66% | UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH |
How Therapists in Phoenix, AZ see their clients
67% | In Person and Online | |
33% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
80% | Female | |
19% | Male | |
1% | Non-Binary |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in Phoenix?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.