Therapists in San Antonio, TX
Brittani Hailey
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78244 (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Brittani Hailey. I have been working as a counselor for several years within individual and group counseling experiences (with various ages), college setting areas, couple counseling, family therapy, and substance abuse treatment centers.
Hello! My name is Brittani Hailey. I have been working as a counselor for several years within individual and group counseling experiences (with various ages), college setting areas, couple counseling, family therapy, and substance abuse treatment centers.
Clarissa Stolte
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78253 (Online Only)
You deserve to live a life of happiness that leaves you excited to wake up every morning! Life can be busy, complicated, and messy. Maintaining your work/life balance, being a good parent and/or partner, and managing your physical health can feel like a daily struggle. One change after another leads to you feeling overwhelmed. Do you struggle to find balance in your life and time to take care of yourself? Do you feel overwhelmed by strong emotions, worries, and stress? Do you feel exhausted from creating “what ifs” in your head, feeling dread and uncertainty about the future? Does childhood trauma continue to impact your daily life?
You deserve to live a life of happiness that leaves you excited to wake up every morning! Life can be busy, complicated, and messy. Maintaining your work/life balance, being a good parent and/or partner, and managing your physical health can feel like a daily struggle. One change after another leads to you feeling overwhelmed. Do you struggle to find balance in your life and time to take care of yourself? Do you feel overwhelmed by strong emotions, worries, and stress? Do you feel exhausted from creating “what ifs” in your head, feeling dread and uncertainty about the future? Does childhood trauma continue to impact your daily life?
R.E.M Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CHT
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78225
As a psychotherapist, I am deeply passionate about guiding individuals like you on a journey towards healing, growth, and resilience. With my expertise in evidence-based techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Hypnotherapy, and a specialization in trauma and depression, I am committed to helping you overcome your challenges and create a fulfilling life. I firmly believe that by providing effective and personalized therapeutic interventions, we can empower you to make profound and lasting transformations.
As a psychotherapist, I am deeply passionate about guiding individuals like you on a journey towards healing, growth, and resilience. With my expertise in evidence-based techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Hypnotherapy, and a specialization in trauma and depression, I am committed to helping you overcome your challenges and create a fulfilling life. I firmly believe that by providing effective and personalized therapeutic interventions, we can empower you to make profound and lasting transformations.
Becca Allen Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CEDS, PMH-C, LMHC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78209
Hi! Welcome to Becca Allen Counseling. Are you struggling finding it hard to relax, being overly cautious, hyper detail focused or perfectionistic? Do you often have chronic treatment resistant anxiety and or depression? You might be over controlled. What is overcontrol you ask? Overcontrol or OC is having too much self control. Too much of anything can be problematic. Self-control is the ability to inhibit urges, impulses, behaviors, or desires to delay gratification in order to pursue a long term goal. Self control is often associated with success and happiness.
Hi! Welcome to Becca Allen Counseling. Are you struggling finding it hard to relax, being overly cautious, hyper detail focused or perfectionistic? Do you often have chronic treatment resistant anxiety and or depression? You might be over controlled. What is overcontrol you ask? Overcontrol or OC is having too much self control. Too much of anything can be problematic. Self-control is the ability to inhibit urges, impulses, behaviors, or desires to delay gratification in order to pursue a long term goal. Self control is often associated with success and happiness.
Dr. Melissa J. Rodriguez
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78229
Welcome! Congratulations on investing in your mental health and well-being. I encourage you to be selective in the person you are entrusting with your mental health, shop around, ask questions, and choose wisely. I am a bilingual psychologist who treats all ages but I specialize in police and public safety personnel, systemic therapy( i.e. couples and families), and adolescents. I come from a blue family and have a passion for counseling and serving first responders. My clients often describe me as "genuine, humble, and easy to talk to." I use brief, strength based approaches in therapy to address problems.
Welcome! Congratulations on investing in your mental health and well-being. I encourage you to be selective in the person you are entrusting with your mental health, shop around, ask questions, and choose wisely. I am a bilingual psychologist who treats all ages but I specialize in police and public safety personnel, systemic therapy( i.e. couples and families), and adolescents. I come from a blue family and have a passion for counseling and serving first responders. My clients often describe me as "genuine, humble, and easy to talk to." I use brief, strength based approaches in therapy to address problems.
Cheyenne N Morton
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate , MA, NCC, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78229
Not accepting new clients
I graduated Dec. 2023 with my M.A. in Mental Health Counseling. I’ve been practicing for over a year now! I enjoy counseling children, adolescents, teens, and adults. I am well adept at tackling anxiety, depression, anger issues, and general stress/life transitions. My specialty is exploring trauma and how it’s stored in the body. I am a holistic counselor, utilizing Adlerian individual therapy, where I join into my clients world meeting them where they are at, and transpersonal therapy which focuses on healing trauma, improving self confidence, meaning and purpose, and creating a positive relationship between body and mind.
I graduated Dec. 2023 with my M.A. in Mental Health Counseling. I’ve been practicing for over a year now! I enjoy counseling children, adolescents, teens, and adults. I am well adept at tackling anxiety, depression, anger issues, and general stress/life transitions. My specialty is exploring trauma and how it’s stored in the body. I am a holistic counselor, utilizing Adlerian individual therapy, where I join into my clients world meeting them where they are at, and transpersonal therapy which focuses on healing trauma, improving self confidence, meaning and purpose, and creating a positive relationship between body and mind.
Karisha Richards
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78209 (Online Only)
Welcome and thank you for visiting my profile, my name is Karisha and I am the owner of Delvon Behavioral Health! I am a fully Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor with 15 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I specialize in teaching my clients how to manage symptoms of anxiety, depression, trauma, stress, and grief. I also have experience with clients who wish to explore their gender identity, exhibit symptoms of schizophrenia/psychosis, and bipolar disorder.
Welcome and thank you for visiting my profile, my name is Karisha and I am the owner of Delvon Behavioral Health! I am a fully Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor with 15 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I specialize in teaching my clients how to manage symptoms of anxiety, depression, trauma, stress, and grief. I also have experience with clients who wish to explore their gender identity, exhibit symptoms of schizophrenia/psychosis, and bipolar disorder.
Dr. Isaac Carreon
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78258
My name is Dr. Carreon. I have been practicing for 19 years. I have a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, a master's degree in Applied Psychology, and a master's degree in Marriage Family Therapy. I have worked in HMO settings, community mental health, government agencies, and private practice. I specialize in depression, anxiety, psychological evaluations/assessments, SAP DOT, couples counseling, pre-marital counseling, life coaching, and educational advisement. I am an eclectic therapist with specializations in evidence-based practices, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Psychodynamic, Family Systems, and Attachment Theory.
My name is Dr. Carreon. I have been practicing for 19 years. I have a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, a master's degree in Applied Psychology, and a master's degree in Marriage Family Therapy. I have worked in HMO settings, community mental health, government agencies, and private practice. I specialize in depression, anxiety, psychological evaluations/assessments, SAP DOT, couples counseling, pre-marital counseling, life coaching, and educational advisement. I am an eclectic therapist with specializations in evidence-based practices, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Psychodynamic, Family Systems, and Attachment Theory.
Chandra Brandt
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, C-FRC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78228
Do you often feel disconnected, hopeless or without purpose? Life can be overwhelming sometimes, but I’m here to help. Whether that be feeling like your mood is always changing, substance use, the loss of a loved one, or self-esteem issues. I believe that we can work together to understand the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are causing you to feel stuck, and find tools to help you keep moving forward. I am committed to creating a safe and nurturing space to help you set your goals in therapy, find a path of change that feels authentic to who you are, and what will help you live a more meaningful and fulfilling life!
Do you often feel disconnected, hopeless or without purpose? Life can be overwhelming sometimes, but I’m here to help. Whether that be feeling like your mood is always changing, substance use, the loss of a loved one, or self-esteem issues. I believe that we can work together to understand the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are causing you to feel stuck, and find tools to help you keep moving forward. I am committed to creating a safe and nurturing space to help you set your goals in therapy, find a path of change that feels authentic to who you are, and what will help you live a more meaningful and fulfilling life!
Stacy McMillan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78248 (Online Only)
Do you feel trapped by painful memories of the past or ruminate about current problems? Do you feel misunderstood in relationships and not able to effectively communicate but desperately wish you could? It might be hard to believe, but you can learn to cope with current stressors and past events to create a fulfilling life according to your values and priorities. You can develop communication skills that build trust and intimacy in your relationships. You can set and reach goals that give your life meaning and purpose.
Do you feel trapped by painful memories of the past or ruminate about current problems? Do you feel misunderstood in relationships and not able to effectively communicate but desperately wish you could? It might be hard to believe, but you can learn to cope with current stressors and past events to create a fulfilling life according to your values and priorities. You can develop communication skills that build trust and intimacy in your relationships. You can set and reach goals that give your life meaning and purpose.
Courtney Morris
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC-A
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78210
Whether you’re emotionally exhausted, feeling overwhelmed, facing change, dealing with loss, or searching for purpose - you don't have to do it alone. I am here to help! As a Licensed Professional Counselor-Associate, registered yoga teacher, mother, and holistic nutritionist I have a unique style of supporting clients. I am passionate about helping others self-discover and heal.
Whether you’re emotionally exhausted, feeling overwhelmed, facing change, dealing with loss, or searching for purpose - you don't have to do it alone. I am here to help! As a Licensed Professional Counselor-Associate, registered yoga teacher, mother, and holistic nutritionist I have a unique style of supporting clients. I am passionate about helping others self-discover and heal.
15 Second Videos
Clarissa Stolte
Chandra Brandt
Career Coach - Launched by Linda, LLC
Jessica Martin
Whitni F Toson-Emdr Trauma Therapist
Scott D Altamirano
Amaris Sanchez
Veronica Villegas
Gordon Shaw Leith
Aimee M Rhodes
VCounselors
Our Generation Counseling, PLLC
Wright Path Counseling and Wellness
Rosie Cantu
Leslie Edwards
Carmen E Diaz
Scott Paul Rheinschmidt
Healing Space Therapeutics, PLLC
Priscilla L. Rodriguez
Unburdened Counseling
Kadean Ortiz
Julieta Rubio Hobbs
Robert James Cassistre
Cody McCain
Shay-Lyn Porter
Lauretta Akpoyoware
Jasmine N Johnson
Cherish Love Mitchell
Kelly A Counts
Victoria McCord Valerga
Erika Alanis-Garcia
Sloane Carlson
Soul Revival Christian Counseling
Ashley Moïse
Riaz Counseling
Cristina Valencia Serrano
Healthy Minds Healing Hearts, PLLC
Kayleigh Butler
Jennifer Russell Baker
Lori Haas
Amanda Jones
Victoria Turner
Elisabeth Zaragoza
Joseph Barron
Marleen Garza
David Cortez
Tanya Navarro
Jesse Cardin
Felise De Novo
River of Life Counseling
Niyell N Ascencio
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78258 (Online Only)
I enjoy working clients from diverse populations but I particularly enjoy working with individuals from hispanic backgrounds. Being hispanic in America is definitely a different experience and sometimes stressful and I help my clients navigate these things. Whether its interpersonal issues with family, friends, relationships, or work I give my clients the tools to navigate major life transitions. I also work with individuals that struggles with anxiety and depression.
I enjoy working clients from diverse populations but I particularly enjoy working with individuals from hispanic backgrounds. Being hispanic in America is definitely a different experience and sometimes stressful and I help my clients navigate these things. Whether its interpersonal issues with family, friends, relationships, or work I give my clients the tools to navigate major life transitions. I also work with individuals that struggles with anxiety and depression.
Kristin E Eisenhauer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78215
Located in Midtown San Antonio, River North Anxiety is a specialized mental health practice serving patients aged 18 to 65 with anxiety and anxiety-related disorders. Those experiencing any form of anxiety understand how it can control their lives. People often feel shame and don't realize that they have a treatable condition. Treatment need not involve extensive psychotherapy or even medication. Examining the accuracy of anxious thoughts, making strategic behavioral adjustments, and learning how to manage the physical sensations of anxiety are three components of effective, lasting anxiety treatment.
Located in Midtown San Antonio, River North Anxiety is a specialized mental health practice serving patients aged 18 to 65 with anxiety and anxiety-related disorders. Those experiencing any form of anxiety understand how it can control their lives. People often feel shame and don't realize that they have a treatable condition. Treatment need not involve extensive psychotherapy or even medication. Examining the accuracy of anxious thoughts, making strategic behavioral adjustments, and learning how to manage the physical sensations of anxiety are three components of effective, lasting anxiety treatment.
Carmelle S Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78229 (Online Only)
Have there been times when you feel off? Overwhelmed or stressed about your relationships, your parenting, job, school and so on? Life can take us on an emotional roller-coaster at times. It is easy to feel like everything you are doing is wrong or even feel as if you have no one to express your true feelings to without feeling judged. Asking for help can be tough. Healing is a process and there is no due date on it. I have experience working with adults, adolescents, and children in psychiatric settings. I have a background in Child Protective Services working with families and finding long term permanency for the children.
Have there been times when you feel off? Overwhelmed or stressed about your relationships, your parenting, job, school and so on? Life can take us on an emotional roller-coaster at times. It is easy to feel like everything you are doing is wrong or even feel as if you have no one to express your true feelings to without feeling judged. Asking for help can be tough. Healing is a process and there is no due date on it. I have experience working with adults, adolescents, and children in psychiatric settings. I have a background in Child Protective Services working with families and finding long term permanency for the children.
Tracy L Kitchen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78258
Do you feel stuck in the same unhealthy patterns and want more for your life? Do you feel depressed, anxious, or overwhelmed by the memories of a traumatic past? I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and trauma recovery with an emphasis on adult survivors of abuse. We will work collaboratively to develop a plan that fits your needs, whether you are looking for short-term, goal-directed therapy, or long-term therapeutic support.
Do you feel stuck in the same unhealthy patterns and want more for your life? Do you feel depressed, anxious, or overwhelmed by the memories of a traumatic past? I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and trauma recovery with an emphasis on adult survivors of abuse. We will work collaboratively to develop a plan that fits your needs, whether you are looking for short-term, goal-directed therapy, or long-term therapeutic support.
Sarah Waltz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78232
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). I attended the University of Texas San Antonio, where I earned my Master of Social Work degree. I have been in the helping profession for over 10 years, and got my start in working with children in residential care through the foster care system. Throughout my career I have been an advocate and mentor for children, teens, and young adults experiencing social and emotional turmoil.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). I attended the University of Texas San Antonio, where I earned my Master of Social Work degree. I have been in the helping profession for over 10 years, and got my start in working with children in residential care through the foster care system. Throughout my career I have been an advocate and mentor for children, teens, and young adults experiencing social and emotional turmoil.
Kelly Clarke
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78230
Hello, I am Kelly Clarke, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT). I have a passion for helping adolescents and young adults. I also have experience working with adults, children, families and couples in residential and outpatient settings.
Hello, I am Kelly Clarke, a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT). I have a passion for helping adolescents and young adults. I also have experience working with adults, children, families and couples in residential and outpatient settings.
Career Coach - Launched by Linda, LLC
MA, Coach
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78259 (Online Only)
Feeling frustrated or unsatisfied about your career path? Uncertain about a career transition or career change? I've spent over 12 years helping people gain clarity and confidence in communicating who they are and what they have to offer. I guide clients through exploring options, making decisions, setting goals, and planning next steps towards a more meaningful career through personal branding and focusing on your strengths. I use my unique frameworks to organize what feels like a chaotic process so you won't feel lost or alone.
Feeling frustrated or unsatisfied about your career path? Uncertain about a career transition or career change? I've spent over 12 years helping people gain clarity and confidence in communicating who they are and what they have to offer. I guide clients through exploring options, making decisions, setting goals, and planning next steps towards a more meaningful career through personal branding and focusing on your strengths. I use my unique frameworks to organize what feels like a chaotic process so you won't feel lost or alone.
Fit Therapy of Texas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78254
I am so happy that you’re looking into making your mental and emotional health a priority. Reading this shows a commitment to yourself to seek positive change in one or multiple facets of your life. I use my clinical skills to provide person-centered, holistic treatment to meet people where there are at & accomplish their goals. Everyone has the capacity for change and finding personal, sustainable ways to do so is the key to success. Previous experience includes group, adolescent, and family therapy, stress management, addiction & recovery therapy, and much more.
I am so happy that you’re looking into making your mental and emotional health a priority. Reading this shows a commitment to yourself to seek positive change in one or multiple facets of your life. I use my clinical skills to provide person-centered, holistic treatment to meet people where there are at & accomplish their goals. Everyone has the capacity for change and finding personal, sustainable ways to do so is the key to success. Previous experience includes group, adolescent, and family therapy, stress management, addiction & recovery therapy, and much more.
Jessica Perez
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78208
The world we live in today is extremely fast paced and demanding. Everyday stressors or specific challenges can get in the way of us living our best life. Sometimes we get lost in pleasing everyone else and we forget to take care of ourselves. Learn how to put your needs first in order to alleviate these demands and to feel self-fulfilled.
The world we live in today is extremely fast paced and demanding. Everyday stressors or specific challenges can get in the way of us living our best life. Sometimes we get lost in pleasing everyone else and we forget to take care of ourselves. Learn how to put your needs first in order to alleviate these demands and to feel self-fulfilled.
See more therapy options for San Antonio
How does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in San Antonio, TX
2,000+
Average cost per session
$125
Therapists in San Antonio, TX who prioritize treating:
92% | Anxiety |
88% | Depression |
73% | Self Esteem |
71% | Coping Skills |
70% | Relationship Issues |
69% | Trauma and PTSD |
69% | Stress |
Average years in practice
10 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
85% | Aetna |
77% | BlueCross and BlueShield |
77% | UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH |
How Therapists in San Antonio, TX see their clients
54% | In Person and Online | |
46% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
81% | Female | |
18% | Male | |
1% | Non-Binary |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in San Antonio?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.