Therapists in West Hempstead, NY

Photo of J Hersh Counseling Services , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
J Hersh Counseling Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552  (Online Only)
I have provided individual counseling for over ten years and have helped treat various issues related to anxiety and depression. Whether these issues are triggered by relationships, loss, self-doubt or other factors; there is opportunity for self-awareness and growth. Your comfort is most important in treatment. We will work together to identify what treatment strategies work for you. If this is your first time seeking therapy or you’re looking to resume prior treatment, I look forward to meeting you and being a source of support.
I have provided individual counseling for over ten years and have helped treat various issues related to anxiety and depression. Whether these issues are triggered by relationships, loss, self-doubt or other factors; there is opportunity for self-awareness and growth. Your comfort is most important in treatment. We will work together to identify what treatment strategies work for you. If this is your first time seeking therapy or you’re looking to resume prior treatment, I look forward to meeting you and being a source of support.
(516) 548-6127 View (516) 548-6127
Photo of Becky Fenton, Psychologist in West Hempstead, NY
Becky Fenton
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552
Are you or your child struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, substance use, self-harm, executive functioning deficits or relationship difficulties? Are you unhappy in your marriage or with your family dynamic? I assist clients in addressing challenges across the lifespan, including navigating stressful life events and moving beyond roadblocks to achieve personal growth. I provide treatment (and parent coaching using PMT and PCIT) to address problematic behaviors, troubling emotions, procrastination, maladaptive thought patterns, & relationship issues. I also specialize in school refusal &Executive Function Coaching. Intrigued?
Are you or your child struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, substance use, self-harm, executive functioning deficits or relationship difficulties? Are you unhappy in your marriage or with your family dynamic? I assist clients in addressing challenges across the lifespan, including navigating stressful life events and moving beyond roadblocks to achieve personal growth. I provide treatment (and parent coaching using PMT and PCIT) to address problematic behaviors, troubling emotions, procrastination, maladaptive thought patterns, & relationship issues. I also specialize in school refusal &Executive Function Coaching. Intrigued?
(516) 253-5633 View (516) 253-5633
Photo of Danielle Mizrahi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Danielle Mizrahi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Hempstead, NY 11552
I am a Long Island-based clinical social worker with 12+ years of experience. I provide a safe, judgement free environment for children, adolescents, adults and families to work through struggles with depression, anxiety, trauma, social issues, bullying, behavioral issues, family issues and more. Together we can work collaboratively to help you grow. I whole heartedly believe that anyone can make the change they wish to make in their life and I am invested in helping you achieve your goals.
I am a Long Island-based clinical social worker with 12+ years of experience. I provide a safe, judgement free environment for children, adolescents, adults and families to work through struggles with depression, anxiety, trauma, social issues, bullying, behavioral issues, family issues and more. Together we can work collaboratively to help you grow. I whole heartedly believe that anyone can make the change they wish to make in their life and I am invested in helping you achieve your goals.
(516) 259-6964 View (516) 259-6964
Photo of Flournoy Consultations, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Flournoy Consultations, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552  (Online Only)
I am licensed in New York with 20 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, coping with addictions, trauma and abuse, & coping with grief and loss. I believe that you are the expert on your story and have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming life challenges. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage, and I stand with you on this journey. Let's get started!
I am licensed in New York with 20 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, coping with addictions, trauma and abuse, & coping with grief and loss. I believe that you are the expert on your story and have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming life challenges. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage, and I stand with you on this journey. Let's get started!
(646) 798-5610 View (646) 798-5610
Photo of Tova Ganeles, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Tova Ganeles
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Hempstead, NY 11552  (Online Only)
My goal is to create a space of security to ensure that my clients are able to tap into their inner selves. Therapy is an opportunity to shut out all the loud noises and distractions that ask us to be someone else and prioritize other’s priorities. It gives us a chance to dig into ourselves, find out who we are while simultaneously discovering our specific automatic tendencies that hold us back. I enjoy the interactive dynamic, analyzing and delving into the areas that are going well and those that are preventing true happiness.
My goal is to create a space of security to ensure that my clients are able to tap into their inner selves. Therapy is an opportunity to shut out all the loud noises and distractions that ask us to be someone else and prioritize other’s priorities. It gives us a chance to dig into ourselves, find out who we are while simultaneously discovering our specific automatic tendencies that hold us back. I enjoy the interactive dynamic, analyzing and delving into the areas that are going well and those that are preventing true happiness.
(516) 788-5574 View (516) 788-5574
Photo of Sally Ann Rizzuto, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Sally Ann Rizzuto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Hempstead, NY 11552
Have you been contemplating seeing a therapist but are not sure it is for you or would be helpful? There are many reasons a person may seek therapy. People usually seek therapy because they are unhappy or dissatisfied with their life and want or need change. Mental health issues, addictions to chemicals or unhealthy lifestyles, family or relationship issues or a general discontent with your life and the choices that are not working anymore are some of the reasons to seek treatment. Therapy is also a perfect addition to a wellness or self improvement and/or self exploration practice.
Have you been contemplating seeing a therapist but are not sure it is for you or would be helpful? There are many reasons a person may seek therapy. People usually seek therapy because they are unhappy or dissatisfied with their life and want or need change. Mental health issues, addictions to chemicals or unhealthy lifestyles, family or relationship issues or a general discontent with your life and the choices that are not working anymore are some of the reasons to seek treatment. Therapy is also a perfect addition to a wellness or self improvement and/or self exploration practice.
(516) 986-1238 View (516) 986-1238
Photo of Ari Gabin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Ari Gabin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552  (Online Only)
I am an empathetic, down-to-earth, and resourceful LCSW with broad-based therapy experience in a range of settings and demographic populations. I believe in getting to know each unique individual's strengths and weaknesses and tailoring each session to specific goals and needs using evidence-based approaches. I incorporate humor and real-world skills to improve each client's day-to-day life in a highly practical, enjoyable manner. I look forward to getting to know you and how I can help.
I am an empathetic, down-to-earth, and resourceful LCSW with broad-based therapy experience in a range of settings and demographic populations. I believe in getting to know each unique individual's strengths and weaknesses and tailoring each session to specific goals and needs using evidence-based approaches. I incorporate humor and real-world skills to improve each client's day-to-day life in a highly practical, enjoyable manner. I look forward to getting to know you and how I can help.
(516) 614-4463 View (516) 614-4463
Photo of Rachel N. Wyner, Psychologist in West Hempstead, NY
Rachel N. Wyner
Psychologist, PhD, JD
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552
Waitlist for new clients
In life, we encounter many situations that seem to push us to our limits, or beyond. Some of these arise from within, others, from our surroundings. When these situations become intolerable, and nothing we’ve tried has worked, frustration, or even despair, may set in. At this point, we can give in or give up, or we can seek help and renewed hope. Whether you have been struggling mightily and at length, or mildly and briefly, I would be honored to meet you, to get to know you, to hear about what you’ve been going through, and to join with you in finding ways to make things better.
In life, we encounter many situations that seem to push us to our limits, or beyond. Some of these arise from within, others, from our surroundings. When these situations become intolerable, and nothing we’ve tried has worked, frustration, or even despair, may set in. At this point, we can give in or give up, or we can seek help and renewed hope. Whether you have been struggling mightily and at length, or mildly and briefly, I would be honored to meet you, to get to know you, to hear about what you’ve been going through, and to join with you in finding ways to make things better.
(516) 604-5630 View (516) 604-5630
Photo of NewDay Counseling Services, Counselor in West Hempstead, NY
NewDay Counseling Services
Counselor, MSEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552  (Online Only)
Choosing to see a therapist can be a groundbreaking decision. You may be struggling and feel that you have no place to turn. You do. I am here to help you. I will help you work through your issues: your anxiety, pain, depression, grief or whatever issues are preventing you from living a more satisfying life. We will work together to help you on the road to a happier and healthier life.. You have already started the process by taking that first step in seeking counseling.
Choosing to see a therapist can be a groundbreaking decision. You may be struggling and feel that you have no place to turn. You do. I am here to help you. I will help you work through your issues: your anxiety, pain, depression, grief or whatever issues are preventing you from living a more satisfying life. We will work together to help you on the road to a happier and healthier life.. You have already started the process by taking that first step in seeking counseling.
(917) 924-8678 View (917) 924-8678
Photo of Frieda Oelbaum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Frieda Oelbaum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552
Sometimes we just need someone to help us through the hard times. You may be struggling with an issue that's been on your mind or impacting your life for a while. Perhaps you've experienced loss, or a key relationship has changed. Maybe you're anxious about going back to work in person, or about children returning to school. Or feeling sad but can't figure out exactly why. If you've tried endlessly to remove the obstacles that keep you stuck, attempted but failed to learn new ways of dealing with relationships, or have problems that seem too difficult to change on your own, then perhaps together we can find a better way.
Sometimes we just need someone to help us through the hard times. You may be struggling with an issue that's been on your mind or impacting your life for a while. Perhaps you've experienced loss, or a key relationship has changed. Maybe you're anxious about going back to work in person, or about children returning to school. Or feeling sad but can't figure out exactly why. If you've tried endlessly to remove the obstacles that keep you stuck, attempted but failed to learn new ways of dealing with relationships, or have problems that seem too difficult to change on your own, then perhaps together we can find a better way.
(516) 447-2607 View (516) 447-2607
Photo of Christina Dunne, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Christina Dunne
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552  (Online Only)
In my career thus far I have worked with adults with disabilities and adolescents with emotional disturbances for 6 years. My passion is helping clients to better understand themselves and why they are the way they are. Seeing my clients adopt healthy coping and communication skills and utilizing them to start changing their lives for the better brings me immense joy. My specialties are adolescents, trauma work, and I often use cognitive and dialectical behavioral techniques in treatment.
In my career thus far I have worked with adults with disabilities and adolescents with emotional disturbances for 6 years. My passion is helping clients to better understand themselves and why they are the way they are. Seeing my clients adopt healthy coping and communication skills and utilizing them to start changing their lives for the better brings me immense joy. My specialties are adolescents, trauma work, and I often use cognitive and dialectical behavioral techniques in treatment.
(516) 656-7297 View (516) 656-7297
Photo of Kenya Wilder, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Kenya Wilder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Hempstead, NY 11552  (Online Only)
Are struggling to communicate with your partner, experiencing issues with mood, anxiety, trust and intimacy? If you and your relationship feels broken, there's hope. I have provided treatment for clients with Anger Management, Anxiety, Depression, Grief & Losses, Relationship issues, Self-Esteem, Chronic Illness, Trauma and Abuse. I have experience in working with children, adolescents, adults, partners and families.
Are struggling to communicate with your partner, experiencing issues with mood, anxiety, trust and intimacy? If you and your relationship feels broken, there's hope. I have provided treatment for clients with Anger Management, Anxiety, Depression, Grief & Losses, Relationship issues, Self-Esteem, Chronic Illness, Trauma and Abuse. I have experience in working with children, adolescents, adults, partners and families.
(516) 321-4097 View (516) 321-4097
Photo of Reva Holczer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Reva Holczer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West Hempstead, NY 11552
It is my belief that the therapeutic process is meant to be a collaborative effort; a partnership between client and therapist. We will work together to find the best path to deal with the issues you bring into the room. It is of the utmost importance that a sense of comfort and open communication be established in the therapeutic relationship, as a foundation to accomplish the desired changes.
It is my belief that the therapeutic process is meant to be a collaborative effort; a partnership between client and therapist. We will work together to find the best path to deal with the issues you bring into the room. It is of the utmost importance that a sense of comfort and open communication be established in the therapeutic relationship, as a foundation to accomplish the desired changes.
(646) 783-1636 View (646) 783-1636
Photo of Chana Pfeifer-Sytner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Chana Pfeifer-Sytner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, CIT
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
West Hempstead, NY 11552
Trying your best? Taking good care of your emotional well being, is almost as important as your body. Are you motivated to change and grow? You need the right person to help you reach your goals? I practice what I preach. “See me”and “hear me”. “Make it safe”. Often this is the beginning of what is missing in relationships. It's hard to ask for help. Being in a relationship is tricky. I appreciate people who are brave to say: "I need help with my life.", "I want to change my life.", & "I am unhappy.". I can help transform your hopes into action. You CAN change your life....if you have the will and desire to do so.
Trying your best? Taking good care of your emotional well being, is almost as important as your body. Are you motivated to change and grow? You need the right person to help you reach your goals? I practice what I preach. “See me”and “hear me”. “Make it safe”. Often this is the beginning of what is missing in relationships. It's hard to ask for help. Being in a relationship is tricky. I appreciate people who are brave to say: "I need help with my life.", "I want to change my life.", & "I am unhappy.". I can help transform your hopes into action. You CAN change your life....if you have the will and desire to do so.
(516) 628-7496 View (516) 628-7496
Photo of Francine Saitta, Counselor in West Hempstead, NY
Francine Saitta
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Hempstead, NY 11552  (Online Only)
My passion is to help women make positive changes in their lives, build confidence, increase well-being and self-care, and create more satisfying lives for themselves. Life can be difficult and change can throw us for a loop, leaving us feeling overwhelmed, confused and lost. This can lead to stress, anxiety and depression. We all face periods of transition and change. Whether you are experiencing divorce/separation, parenting issues, empty nest, relationship issues, work issues, postpartum, health/aging issues or another transition, don't be overwhelmed! I am here to help.
My passion is to help women make positive changes in their lives, build confidence, increase well-being and self-care, and create more satisfying lives for themselves. Life can be difficult and change can throw us for a loop, leaving us feeling overwhelmed, confused and lost. This can lead to stress, anxiety and depression. We all face periods of transition and change. Whether you are experiencing divorce/separation, parenting issues, empty nest, relationship issues, work issues, postpartum, health/aging issues or another transition, don't be overwhelmed! I am here to help.
(516) 368-0032 View (516) 368-0032
Photo of Joan Klemm, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Joan Klemm
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and I provide generalist therapeutic services over the lifespan. My areas of specialty include depression, anxiety, adjustment, parenting support, PTSD and trauma. My approach is a person-centered philosophy with strength-based trauma-informed and using a collaborative approach that incorporates Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, mindfulness, coping skills, and psychotherapy. I consider trust and safety to be the most important and effective tools I provide during the therapeutic process.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and I provide generalist therapeutic services over the lifespan. My areas of specialty include depression, anxiety, adjustment, parenting support, PTSD and trauma. My approach is a person-centered philosophy with strength-based trauma-informed and using a collaborative approach that incorporates Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, mindfulness, coping skills, and psychotherapy. I consider trust and safety to be the most important and effective tools I provide during the therapeutic process.
(516) 289-0882 View (516) 289-0882
Photo of Dana Reeves, Counselor in West Hempstead, NY
Dana Reeves
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552
Dana Reeves is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in New York who has been practicing since 2020. She graduated from Hofstra University with a Master's degree in Mental Health Counseling. Dana follows a person-centered and strengths-based approach to working with clients. She focuses on empowering clients to face and work through their challenges with the use of unconditional positive regard, boundless optimism, empathy, hope and insight into one's emotions and life experiences that are impacting behaviors.
Dana Reeves is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in New York who has been practicing since 2020. She graduated from Hofstra University with a Master's degree in Mental Health Counseling. Dana follows a person-centered and strengths-based approach to working with clients. She focuses on empowering clients to face and work through their challenges with the use of unconditional positive regard, boundless optimism, empathy, hope and insight into one's emotions and life experiences that are impacting behaviors.
(516) 591-3748 View (516) 591-3748
Photo of Christine Weiss, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Christine Weiss
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552
Chris is an experienced therapist who has treated adults with both mental health and substance abuse issues. Chris believes in creating a trusting relationship through active listening and empathy to provide a nonjudgmental atmosphere. She works with each person to help identify achievable goals to bring about meaningful, visible change. Chris specializes in the treatment of Mood Disorders, specifically Anxiety, Depression and Bipolar Disorders. She has had extensive training and experience with Substance Abuse including Co-Occurring Disorders.
Chris is an experienced therapist who has treated adults with both mental health and substance abuse issues. Chris believes in creating a trusting relationship through active listening and empathy to provide a nonjudgmental atmosphere. She works with each person to help identify achievable goals to bring about meaningful, visible change. Chris specializes in the treatment of Mood Disorders, specifically Anxiety, Depression and Bipolar Disorders. She has had extensive training and experience with Substance Abuse including Co-Occurring Disorders.
(516) 774-2640 View (516) 774-2640
Photo of Eli Weinstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Eli Weinstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
West Hempstead, NY 11552  (Online Only)
Hi! (Licensed in NY + NV) I am here to listen, help and support you in this process of growth and change. In therapy, my focus and goals are to develop a strong relationship based on openness, trust, respect, and some humor. I take a personal/no BS approach with loads of compassion to incorporate parts of different therapy styles, bringing a perspective and understanding to help you in any way I can to move towards living your most authentic and fulfilled life with compassion and patience.
Hi! (Licensed in NY + NV) I am here to listen, help and support you in this process of growth and change. In therapy, my focus and goals are to develop a strong relationship based on openness, trust, respect, and some humor. I take a personal/no BS approach with loads of compassion to incorporate parts of different therapy styles, bringing a perspective and understanding to help you in any way I can to move towards living your most authentic and fulfilled life with compassion and patience.
(725) 209-7395 View (725) 209-7395
Photo of Ellen Cinanni, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in West Hempstead, NY
Ellen Cinanni
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
West Hempstead, NY 11552  (Online Only)
Dedicated to helping you live fully in the present, open up to the future and invest in life and relationships with others.
Dedicated to helping you live fully in the present, open up to the future and invest in life and relationships with others.
(516) 927-7342 View (516) 927-7342

See more therapy options for West Hempstead

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in West Hempstead, NY

50+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in West Hempstead, NY who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
94% Depression
71% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
63% Trauma and PTSD
58% Grief
56% Stress

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% Aetna
82% Cigna and Evernorth
63% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in West Hempstead, NY see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
19% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in West Hempstead?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.