Therapists in Jacksonville, FL

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Photo of Sergio Rene Perez in Jacksonville, FL
Sergio Rene Perez
MEd , EdS , LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32223  (Online Only)
Sergio creates a compassionate space to process family dynamics (including the impact of narcissism in families), trauma, attachment, and identity. He also focuses on processing the impact of micro-aggressions and the harm that can come to those in minority communities. Sergio is a safe space for those within the LGBTQIA+ community. Clients that Sergio works with need a space for someone to hear them, validate them, help them recognize insights about the situations they are in, and collaboratively helps them approach the challenges in a way that works best for them.
Sergio creates a compassionate space to process family dynamics (including the impact of narcissism in families), trauma, attachment, and identity. He also focuses on processing the impact of micro-aggressions and the harm that can come to those in minority communities. Sergio is a safe space for those within the LGBTQIA+ community. Clients that Sergio works with need a space for someone to hear them, validate them, help them recognize insights about the situations they are in, and collaboratively helps them approach the challenges in a way that works best for them.
(904) 593-4210 View (904) 593-4210
Photo of Erica N. Wortherly, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Erica N. Wortherly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Not Verified Not Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32246
I support and equip educators on all levels who are challenged with maintaining a sense of balance between providing a service to meet the needs of their students/school and living a mentally, emotionally, and physically healthy lifestyle.
I support and equip educators on all levels who are challenged with maintaining a sense of balance between providing a service to meet the needs of their students/school and living a mentally, emotionally, and physically healthy lifestyle.
(904) 853-1784 View (904) 853-1784
Photo of Marcus Lewis - Approved E M D R Consultant, Licensed Professional Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Marcus Lewis - Approved E M D R Consultant
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC, CCTP-II
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32244  (Online Only)
Change is possible for everyone, regardless of your past doings and experiences. Within YOU lies the strength that can help you live your best life. As a therapist, I’ve helped many people who felt hopeless or stuck work through their struggles and access that inner strength. You have what it takes! Whether its anxiety, trauma, depression, anger, or life transitions, I’m confident that we can work one-on-one or in a group setting (family and friends can attend depending on the need).
Change is possible for everyone, regardless of your past doings and experiences. Within YOU lies the strength that can help you live your best life. As a therapist, I’ve helped many people who felt hopeless or stuck work through their struggles and access that inner strength. You have what it takes! Whether its anxiety, trauma, depression, anger, or life transitions, I’m confident that we can work one-on-one or in a group setting (family and friends can attend depending on the need).
(904) 395-4626 View (904) 395-4626
Photo of Katrina 'katie' Morgan, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Katrina 'katie' Morgan
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32216
Have you ever had the feeling that you have been living your life on autopilot, then you look around and think, “how did I get here?” Perhaps this thought spirals into depression for lost time, poor choices, and/or missed opportunities. Maybe anxiety settles into your chest with this depression, causing crippling indecision. The weirdly good news is that you are not alone in these thoughts and feelings, and there IS something you can do about it. Nearly every person experiences some form of trauma in their lives, and most are ill-equipped to move forward functionally with the aftermath.
Have you ever had the feeling that you have been living your life on autopilot, then you look around and think, “how did I get here?” Perhaps this thought spirals into depression for lost time, poor choices, and/or missed opportunities. Maybe anxiety settles into your chest with this depression, causing crippling indecision. The weirdly good news is that you are not alone in these thoughts and feelings, and there IS something you can do about it. Nearly every person experiences some form of trauma in their lives, and most are ill-equipped to move forward functionally with the aftermath.
(904) 932-0338 View (904) 932-0338
Photo of Arrianna Coleman, Pre-Licensed Professional in Jacksonville, FL
Arrianna Coleman
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32225  (Online Only)
I am a Registered Clinical Social Work Intern who specializes in working with adults, couples, and teens. I currently serve as an active-duty Army officer, with over 14 years of federal service. I began my social work journey working with adults and adolescents who suffered from substance abuse. When my military career would allow, I provided counseling services to Soldiers suffering trauma disorders related to abuse and combat service. During my graduate program, I worked with families of babies admitted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
I am a Registered Clinical Social Work Intern who specializes in working with adults, couples, and teens. I currently serve as an active-duty Army officer, with over 14 years of federal service. I began my social work journey working with adults and adolescents who suffered from substance abuse. When my military career would allow, I provided counseling services to Soldiers suffering trauma disorders related to abuse and combat service. During my graduate program, I worked with families of babies admitted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
(904) 593-4695 View (904) 593-4695
Photo of Antoinette Nipper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Antoinette Nipper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32209  (Online Only)
Life can be hard and just "raggedy" at times. I know and I get it. For some, reaching out for help is the last thing you may want to do but I would love to walk with you on your journey to healing. Would you believe me if I told you that the answers you are seeking are already within you? I will merely be your guide and safe place to allow you to discover these answers. There is so much more in store for you versus the current narrative you have been rehearsing to yourself.
Life can be hard and just "raggedy" at times. I know and I get it. For some, reaching out for help is the last thing you may want to do but I would love to walk with you on your journey to healing. Would you believe me if I told you that the answers you are seeking are already within you? I will merely be your guide and safe place to allow you to discover these answers. There is so much more in store for you versus the current narrative you have been rehearsing to yourself.
(305) 419-1523 View (305) 419-1523
Photo of Moss Counseling Services, Marriage & Family Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Moss Counseling Services
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32223
My goal as a therapist is to find solutions that work for you on an individual basis, helping you to discover the true potential of your life. There may be no magic button or quick-fix solution when it comes to changing things from the past that have been difficult. What we can do is work together to find understanding and resolution in the difficult areas of your life and in the challenges you have to face. Through various techniques and approaches that have proven results, we’ll be able to identify the behaviors and thoughts that might be holding you back from living your best life, and finding meaning in your everyday life.
My goal as a therapist is to find solutions that work for you on an individual basis, helping you to discover the true potential of your life. There may be no magic button or quick-fix solution when it comes to changing things from the past that have been difficult. What we can do is work together to find understanding and resolution in the difficult areas of your life and in the challenges you have to face. Through various techniques and approaches that have proven results, we’ll be able to identify the behaviors and thoughts that might be holding you back from living your best life, and finding meaning in your everyday life.
(904) 329-7866 View (904) 329-7866
Photo of Jessyca Hayward, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Jessyca Hayward
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32256  (Online Only)
Before we turn up the heat in the kitchen, I would like to introduce myself. My name is Jessyca Hayward, I am a LCSW. I have worked with children, teens, young adults and families for over 5 years. Over those 5 years I have learned it is hard to open up to strangers and express serious traumatic or even simple issues that we face daily, but what happens when we keep our minds busy, our hearts open., and stomachs are full? Having the ability to express your thoughts and emotions in a more relaxed, creative, fun, and inspiring environment, gives a person more freedom to be able to become more vulnerable, comfortable, and at peace.
Before we turn up the heat in the kitchen, I would like to introduce myself. My name is Jessyca Hayward, I am a LCSW. I have worked with children, teens, young adults and families for over 5 years. Over those 5 years I have learned it is hard to open up to strangers and express serious traumatic or even simple issues that we face daily, but what happens when we keep our minds busy, our hearts open., and stomachs are full? Having the ability to express your thoughts and emotions in a more relaxed, creative, fun, and inspiring environment, gives a person more freedom to be able to become more vulnerable, comfortable, and at peace.
(904) 290-7031 View (904) 290-7031
Photo of Kimberly Cruise, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Kimberly Cruise
Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC, BCABA
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32210
I see therapy as an opportunity to learn positive ways to respond to life's challenges, to understand and change self-defeating behavior patterns, and build a more balanced, meaningful and rewarding life. My approach is interactive and collaborative. I listen with support, insight and compassion to help you increase your emotional and psychological assets and to develop your unique potential. Together, we use your present life experience to understand your therapy issues and use a broad range of therapy techniques to help make changes.
I see therapy as an opportunity to learn positive ways to respond to life's challenges, to understand and change self-defeating behavior patterns, and build a more balanced, meaningful and rewarding life. My approach is interactive and collaborative. I listen with support, insight and compassion to help you increase your emotional and psychological assets and to develop your unique potential. Together, we use your present life experience to understand your therapy issues and use a broad range of therapy techniques to help make changes.
(904) 552-3884 View (904) 552-3884
Photo of Vanessa Cumber, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Vanessa Cumber
Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32257  (Online Only)
Vanessa Cumber is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Licensed Professional Counselor (LMHC, LPC) with over 10 years of experience in the mental health field. She is committed and passionate about working with adults and couples to help them work through their unique challenges and barriers and to also help them achieve more quality and fulfillment.
Vanessa Cumber is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Licensed Professional Counselor (LMHC, LPC) with over 10 years of experience in the mental health field. She is committed and passionate about working with adults and couples to help them work through their unique challenges and barriers and to also help them achieve more quality and fulfillment.
(904) 543-3941 View (904) 543-3941
Photo of Lindsey Duncan, Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Lindsey Duncan
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32244
My passion in life is to help individuals transform their lives. I find success when I see others blossom toward personal growth and development. I enjoy working with a wide variety of populations centered around the provision of emotional growth, expressive arts, and recovery. I have worked with many populations with struggling with eating disorders, addiction, and dual diagnosis.
My passion in life is to help individuals transform their lives. I find success when I see others blossom toward personal growth and development. I enjoy working with a wide variety of populations centered around the provision of emotional growth, expressive arts, and recovery. I have worked with many populations with struggling with eating disorders, addiction, and dual diagnosis.
(904) 675-3932 View (904) 675-3932
Photo of Lori Kalaaukahi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Lori Kalaaukahi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32209
Hi there, my name is Lori Kalaaukahi and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Zephyrhills, Florida, I offer in-person and virtual therapy sessions for all Florida residents. I work with adolescents and adults and specialize in anxiety, depression, stress, personality disorders, and trauma. I utilize cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, accelerated resolution therapy, and EMDR therapy to help clients through their challenges in being their true authentic selves. I have experience with helping those in crisis, anxiety, depression, PTSD, trauma, personality disorders, and more.
Hi there, my name is Lori Kalaaukahi and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Zephyrhills, Florida, I offer in-person and virtual therapy sessions for all Florida residents. I work with adolescents and adults and specialize in anxiety, depression, stress, personality disorders, and trauma. I utilize cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, accelerated resolution therapy, and EMDR therapy to help clients through their challenges in being their true authentic selves. I have experience with helping those in crisis, anxiety, depression, PTSD, trauma, personality disorders, and more.
(904) 977-3235 View (904) 977-3235
Photo of Lauren West - Family Therapist, Marriage & Family Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Lauren West - Family Therapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, EdS, MEd
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32258
In my practice, I work with a broad range of clients who are simply struggling with life's demands - coping with change and transitions, discovering identities and passions, grieving losses big and small, and understanding the complexities of relationships. I enjoy working from a systems perspective; that is, understanding how relationships impact an individual and bringing those relationships into the therapy process if necessary.
In my practice, I work with a broad range of clients who are simply struggling with life's demands - coping with change and transitions, discovering identities and passions, grieving losses big and small, and understanding the complexities of relationships. I enjoy working from a systems perspective; that is, understanding how relationships impact an individual and bringing those relationships into the therapy process if necessary.
(352) 290-2037 View (352) 290-2037
Julia G Coffey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW, RPTS
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32204
While play is the language of childhood, play and the expressive arts may be used to heal the hearts of children and their families when love is not enough. I am a licensed clinical social worker who also has an M.A. in psychology with a specialty in child development and is a registered play therapist in private practice. I am recognized as a specialist working with children and their families on post adoption issues, attachment, trauma and grief and its resolution. In addition, I promote positive coping skills and symptom reduction where ADHD, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder or post traumatic stress occurs.
While play is the language of childhood, play and the expressive arts may be used to heal the hearts of children and their families when love is not enough. I am a licensed clinical social worker who also has an M.A. in psychology with a specialty in child development and is a registered play therapist in private practice. I am recognized as a specialist working with children and their families on post adoption issues, attachment, trauma and grief and its resolution. In addition, I promote positive coping skills and symptom reduction where ADHD, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder or post traumatic stress occurs.
(602) 410-4383 View (602) 410-4383
Photo of Isabel Tanenbaum, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Isabel Tanenbaum
Counselor, LMHC, MCAP, PC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32223
Thank you for viewing my site! I am a bilingual, LMHC, MCAP, & Parenting Coordinator. Over the last 24years, my private practice has focused on adolescents, individuals, families, adults and couples who are journeying through life with their unique struggles. Life mirrors a puzzle with new pieces being added one at a time. You may be struggling with confusion, anxiety, traumatization, frustration, depression, feeling overwhelmed, powerlessness, or plain exhaustion as you cope with life. Using skill building techniques through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, EMDR, EFT, Hypnotherapy, you discover your potential for growth and change
Thank you for viewing my site! I am a bilingual, LMHC, MCAP, & Parenting Coordinator. Over the last 24years, my private practice has focused on adolescents, individuals, families, adults and couples who are journeying through life with their unique struggles. Life mirrors a puzzle with new pieces being added one at a time. You may be struggling with confusion, anxiety, traumatization, frustration, depression, feeling overwhelmed, powerlessness, or plain exhaustion as you cope with life. Using skill building techniques through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, EMDR, EFT, Hypnotherapy, you discover your potential for growth and change
(904) 513-1934 View (904) 513-1934
Photo of Marisa Byles, Psychologist in Jacksonville, FL
Marisa Byles
Psychologist, PsyD, CEDS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32258
I am a Licensed Psychologist, Certified Eating Disorders Specialist, and the Clinical Director at Restored Purpose Counseling. I am passionate about helping individuals improve their relationship with food and their bodies. In addition to treating eating disorders and body image concerns, I treat anxiety disorders, depression, other mood disorders, and adjustment disorders. I value an individual approach, being mindful of each person's unique experiences, needs, and goals.
I am a Licensed Psychologist, Certified Eating Disorders Specialist, and the Clinical Director at Restored Purpose Counseling. I am passionate about helping individuals improve their relationship with food and their bodies. In addition to treating eating disorders and body image concerns, I treat anxiety disorders, depression, other mood disorders, and adjustment disorders. I value an individual approach, being mindful of each person's unique experiences, needs, and goals.
(904) 664-3916 View (904) 664-3916
Photo of Bailey Sheetz in Jacksonville, FL
Bailey Sheetz
MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32258  (Online Only)
Media & societal pressures have conditioned us to hate ourselves and our appearance. We speak to ourselves as if we are the bully and the victim. The only hope we have is to alter our appearance, until we realize that doesn’t help how we view ourselves. My experience is with people who struggle from eating disorders, OCD, body image, gender dysphoria, trauma, and co-occurring diagnoses. My heart goes out to those who are disillusioned about their lack of worth. In struggling with my own body image, learning to love myself was a huge transition. This journey prepared me to help others along with their own self-worth challenges.
Media & societal pressures have conditioned us to hate ourselves and our appearance. We speak to ourselves as if we are the bully and the victim. The only hope we have is to alter our appearance, until we realize that doesn’t help how we view ourselves. My experience is with people who struggle from eating disorders, OCD, body image, gender dysphoria, trauma, and co-occurring diagnoses. My heart goes out to those who are disillusioned about their lack of worth. In struggling with my own body image, learning to love myself was a huge transition. This journey prepared me to help others along with their own self-worth challenges.
(863) 591-0275 View (863) 591-0275
Photo of Shannon McFauls, Counselor in Jacksonville, FL
Shannon McFauls
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Jacksonville, FL 32210
When people survive traumatic family relationships, we don't naturally get to form our own identity or learn how to manage our emotions or communicate in healthy ways. It's only about getting by until we can get out. Rather than finding safety in connection as human beings are built to do, we see connection as a threat, yet simultaneously crave it. We develop protective ways of relating to people we love, which often lead to feeling conflicted, distant, and unsatisfied. Have you felt like you are stuck in a loop, wanting to trust others but feeling like you can't because you'll only end up getting hurt again? We can change that.
When people survive traumatic family relationships, we don't naturally get to form our own identity or learn how to manage our emotions or communicate in healthy ways. It's only about getting by until we can get out. Rather than finding safety in connection as human beings are built to do, we see connection as a threat, yet simultaneously crave it. We develop protective ways of relating to people we love, which often lead to feeling conflicted, distant, and unsatisfied. Have you felt like you are stuck in a loop, wanting to trust others but feeling like you can't because you'll only end up getting hurt again? We can change that.
(904) 877-9343 View (904) 877-9343
Photo of Dr. Jonathan D Gross, Psychologist in Jacksonville, FL
Dr. Jonathan D Gross
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32217
Not accepting new clients
Maybe you feel down, annoyed, or anxious. Perhaps you avoid, give in, or act out. Maybe it’s hard to connect to others or to yourself. Those experiences are deeply rooted in how the big people around you acted when you were small. The patterns can be powerfully updated through therapy. In therapy, you can be known, accompanied, and valued. The relationship is protected and safe. It makes room for you and challenges you to connect to and make room for another. Therapy alleviates aloneness, lessens emotional pain, and connects you to your authentic self- that is, what the hell you really think, feel, and care about.
Maybe you feel down, annoyed, or anxious. Perhaps you avoid, give in, or act out. Maybe it’s hard to connect to others or to yourself. Those experiences are deeply rooted in how the big people around you acted when you were small. The patterns can be powerfully updated through therapy. In therapy, you can be known, accompanied, and valued. The relationship is protected and safe. It makes room for you and challenges you to connect to and make room for another. Therapy alleviates aloneness, lessens emotional pain, and connects you to your authentic self- that is, what the hell you really think, feel, and care about.
(904) 853-8817 x1 View (904) 853-8817 x1
Photo of Barbara E Morris, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Jacksonville, FL
Barbara E Morris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jacksonville, FL 32256  (Online Only)
Licensed Clinical Social Worker in practice over 16 years, utilizing a non-judgmental, warm, integrative therapeutic approaches. A Master of Social Work from Barry University, and Bachelor of Social Work with a Minor in Psychology, from Florida Atlantic University. I am licensed in the state of Florida.
Licensed Clinical Social Worker in practice over 16 years, utilizing a non-judgmental, warm, integrative therapeutic approaches. A Master of Social Work from Barry University, and Bachelor of Social Work with a Minor in Psychology, from Florida Atlantic University. I am licensed in the state of Florida.
(904) 980-0796 View (904) 980-0796

See more therapy options for Jacksonville

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Jacksonville, FL

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Jacksonville, FL who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
75% Coping Skills
75% Self Esteem
68% Relationship Issues
68% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

88% Aetna
83% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
80% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Jacksonville, FL see their clients

57% In Person and Online
43% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Jacksonville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.