Therapists in Bakersfield, CA

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Photo of Aji Issac, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Bakersfield, CA
Aji Issac
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93309
Not accepting new clients
Discussing the hurt we face can be freeing. It can be hard to reach out to others in fear of what they may say. We may have experienced childhood wounds that make it difficult to speak of our pain. There may be events happening in our lives that currently cause our mental health to decline. It could be a mixture of many things combined that are causing distress. We are often shamed for being “too emotional” or “too sensitive”. I am here to remind you that you are not weak for having emotions. Together, we can create a safe environment in which you can explore more about these issues and yourself in therapy.
Discussing the hurt we face can be freeing. It can be hard to reach out to others in fear of what they may say. We may have experienced childhood wounds that make it difficult to speak of our pain. There may be events happening in our lives that currently cause our mental health to decline. It could be a mixture of many things combined that are causing distress. We are often shamed for being “too emotional” or “too sensitive”. I am here to remind you that you are not weak for having emotions. Together, we can create a safe environment in which you can explore more about these issues and yourself in therapy.
(213) 429-4817 View (213) 429-4817
Photo of Pinkal Shah, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Pinkal Shah
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93309  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I provide safe, accepting, and mindful environment as well as culturally sensitive services for children, adults, and families who are experiencing difficulties with emotional stress such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, behavioral issues such as ADHD, defiant, and oppositional behaviors, culture-related stress such as immigration and issues regarding identity including gender variant clients.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I provide safe, accepting, and mindful environment as well as culturally sensitive services for children, adults, and families who are experiencing difficulties with emotional stress such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, behavioral issues such as ADHD, defiant, and oppositional behaviors, culture-related stress such as immigration and issues regarding identity including gender variant clients.
(661) 231-3212 View (661) 231-3212
Photo of Meagan Marino, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Meagan Marino
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ATR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93312
Maternity Leave - I will update my account upon return around May 2024. If you are struggling with relationships, depression, anxiety, grief, and tired of patterns keeping you from moving forward, then I'm here to walk with you. I can help you understand how to shift your perspective, learn more about your past, how to cope with stressors, how to communicate more effectively, and more. You have it in you, and I can help introduce new skills and awareness in your life. I am also trained as an art therapist and can use artmaking as a tool in or out of session. I have experience in intensive outpatient therapy with teens and adults.
Maternity Leave - I will update my account upon return around May 2024. If you are struggling with relationships, depression, anxiety, grief, and tired of patterns keeping you from moving forward, then I'm here to walk with you. I can help you understand how to shift your perspective, learn more about your past, how to cope with stressors, how to communicate more effectively, and more. You have it in you, and I can help introduce new skills and awareness in your life. I am also trained as an art therapist and can use artmaking as a tool in or out of session. I have experience in intensive outpatient therapy with teens and adults.
(657) 215-7504 View (657) 215-7504
Photo of Marlina G Aran, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Marlina G Aran
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93309
First off, are you blown away that you are looking for a therapist? Are you asking yourself when did my life become so complicated? When did I lose myself? Why can’t I move on? It turns out we could all use some help. Life is hard, not having support in life is harder.
First off, are you blown away that you are looking for a therapist? Are you asking yourself when did my life become so complicated? When did I lose myself? Why can’t I move on? It turns out we could all use some help. Life is hard, not having support in life is harder.
(661) 426-2204 View (661) 426-2204
Photo of Holly A Graham, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Holly A Graham
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93309
I work collaboratively with families, teens, children, couples and individuals to help build a healthier quality of life. With mutual goals identified and an array of evidence-based treatment practices to pull from, we can work together to create a deeper level of connection within your most valued relationships, enhance insight into your current challenging situations, increase understanding of oneself and aide in general emotional management. I hold a deep passion for my profession and the people I get to share this journey. I often find myself repeatedly in awe of the courage and strength displayed within the healing process.
I work collaboratively with families, teens, children, couples and individuals to help build a healthier quality of life. With mutual goals identified and an array of evidence-based treatment practices to pull from, we can work together to create a deeper level of connection within your most valued relationships, enhance insight into your current challenging situations, increase understanding of oneself and aide in general emotional management. I hold a deep passion for my profession and the people I get to share this journey. I often find myself repeatedly in awe of the courage and strength displayed within the healing process.
(661) 727-7628 View (661) 727-7628
Photo of Tessa Palmer Williams, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Tessa Palmer Williams
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93389
Life has its ups and downs. Sometimes we have a hard time figuring out which direction to go or which door to open. I certainly do not have all the answers, but I would like to help you find your own solutions. I would like to help you turn your struggles into positive lessons and to look at the world with a better view. I will provide an honest and open atmosphere for you to express your feelings and emotions.
Life has its ups and downs. Sometimes we have a hard time figuring out which direction to go or which door to open. I certainly do not have all the answers, but I would like to help you find your own solutions. I would like to help you turn your struggles into positive lessons and to look at the world with a better view. I will provide an honest and open atmosphere for you to express your feelings and emotions.
(661) 491-7385 View (661) 491-7385
Photo of Jessica Gilligan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Jessica Gilligan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93309
Hello, I'm Jessica Gilligan, and I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have 10 years of experience providing therapy to children, teens, young adults (18-25 yrs. old), and their parents/family members. I value holding a safe, non-judgmental space for my clients, so they can process whatever they need to, and find solutions that work for them. I have the most experience treating teens and young adults with Anxiety, Depression, PTSD, Low Self-Esteem, LGBTQIA+ topics, Anger Management, and Communication/Social Skill development. I'm comfortable providing individual and/or group therapy.
Hello, I'm Jessica Gilligan, and I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have 10 years of experience providing therapy to children, teens, young adults (18-25 yrs. old), and their parents/family members. I value holding a safe, non-judgmental space for my clients, so they can process whatever they need to, and find solutions that work for them. I have the most experience treating teens and young adults with Anxiety, Depression, PTSD, Low Self-Esteem, LGBTQIA+ topics, Anger Management, and Communication/Social Skill development. I'm comfortable providing individual and/or group therapy.
(661) 338-5312 View (661) 338-5312
Photo of Karen Chaney, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Karen Chaney
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93309
I work mainly with adults who are experiencing grief and loss, trauma from betrayal, and recurring issues from childhood trauma. Are you currently struggling in your life? Are there repeating patterns in your life that you just cannot seem to shake off regardless of how fast you attempt to run away from them? Do you find that when you engage in new relationships they always end up the same? Many times, we will try to change a relationship dynamic, or shift a situation in our lives, hoping for better results, but we seem to end up in the same place where we started, with essentially the same people with different faces.
I work mainly with adults who are experiencing grief and loss, trauma from betrayal, and recurring issues from childhood trauma. Are you currently struggling in your life? Are there repeating patterns in your life that you just cannot seem to shake off regardless of how fast you attempt to run away from them? Do you find that when you engage in new relationships they always end up the same? Many times, we will try to change a relationship dynamic, or shift a situation in our lives, hoping for better results, but we seem to end up in the same place where we started, with essentially the same people with different faces.
(661) 641-4916 View (661) 641-4916
Photo of Kathleen Taylor, Psychologist in Bakersfield, CA
Kathleen Taylor
Psychologist, LCP
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93307
My name is Kathy Taylor and I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist working with clients statewide in California via telehealth. I work with adolescents, adults, and couples specializing in trauma, anxiety, and depression. I utilize a psychodynamic approach which means that symptoms such as anxiety and depression, typically are indicators of underlying emotional suffering that may require attention. My role is to empathically pay attention and tend to those difficult experiences as one tells their story.
My name is Kathy Taylor and I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist working with clients statewide in California via telehealth. I work with adolescents, adults, and couples specializing in trauma, anxiety, and depression. I utilize a psychodynamic approach which means that symptoms such as anxiety and depression, typically are indicators of underlying emotional suffering that may require attention. My role is to empathically pay attention and tend to those difficult experiences as one tells their story.
(661) 403-5271 View (661) 403-5271
Photo of Alexis Bird, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Alexis Bird
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93308
If you are struggling with anxiety, depression, anger, or trauma, I am committed to helping adults, adolescents, and children learn how to cope and grow from these difficulties. My work focuses on assisting individuals and families to discover their resilience and to nurture their mental health. I believe in taking a client-centered, collaborative approach to assist in achieving goals and overcoming life's obstacles.
If you are struggling with anxiety, depression, anger, or trauma, I am committed to helping adults, adolescents, and children learn how to cope and grow from these difficulties. My work focuses on assisting individuals and families to discover their resilience and to nurture their mental health. I believe in taking a client-centered, collaborative approach to assist in achieving goals and overcoming life's obstacles.
(661) 556-0241 View (661) 556-0241
Photo of Minaxi Patel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Minaxi Patel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93301
Not accepting new clients
We all experience, loss, trauma, anxiety, depression or life transitions at some point in our lives, but we do not have to go through these challenges alone. I would like to help you work through these challenges in a caring safe environment. I believe it is important to discover the strengths within you and find hope, meaning and solutions to improve your life from where it is today. In addition, due to COVID-19 I am further expanding my services to help you manage stress, anxiety, grief and issues associated with the constant changing world we are living in due to this pandemic.
We all experience, loss, trauma, anxiety, depression or life transitions at some point in our lives, but we do not have to go through these challenges alone. I would like to help you work through these challenges in a caring safe environment. I believe it is important to discover the strengths within you and find hope, meaning and solutions to improve your life from where it is today. In addition, due to COVID-19 I am further expanding my services to help you manage stress, anxiety, grief and issues associated with the constant changing world we are living in due to this pandemic.
(661) 426-2181 View (661) 426-2181
Photo of Yesica Pantoja, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Yesica Pantoja
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93301  (Online Only)
As an LMFT, my therapeutic approach is one that can help you understand how individual problems can, at times, be connected to past and current social experiences. I have found success working with individuals interested in diving deeper into their thought patterns and exploring how their early life experiences play a role in the development of their current self. We would work well together if you are interested in addressing relationship difficulties, trauma, generational and cultural pressures, anxiety, and depression.
As an LMFT, my therapeutic approach is one that can help you understand how individual problems can, at times, be connected to past and current social experiences. I have found success working with individuals interested in diving deeper into their thought patterns and exploring how their early life experiences play a role in the development of their current self. We would work well together if you are interested in addressing relationship difficulties, trauma, generational and cultural pressures, anxiety, and depression.
(661) 370-2780 View (661) 370-2780
Photo of Joan Romeo, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Joan Romeo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93308
Hi there, I'm Joan, a licensed marriage and family therapist. I have been working in mental health for nearly 20 years. I spent 15 years working with the most seriously mentally ill patients and in-crisis services. After I retired 2 years ago, I choose to do teletherapy in order to reach those populations that have been underserved. I take a holistic approach to therapy which includes nutrition, mindfulness, play, and self-care. My usual approach is to start with mindfulness and building coping skills and integrate CBT into the process.
Hi there, I'm Joan, a licensed marriage and family therapist. I have been working in mental health for nearly 20 years. I spent 15 years working with the most seriously mentally ill patients and in-crisis services. After I retired 2 years ago, I choose to do teletherapy in order to reach those populations that have been underserved. I take a holistic approach to therapy which includes nutrition, mindfulness, play, and self-care. My usual approach is to start with mindfulness and building coping skills and integrate CBT into the process.
(661) 228-8586 View (661) 228-8586
Photo of Alejandra Gutierrez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Alejandra Gutierrez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93301
Welcome. Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship problems, lack of motivation, parenting challenges, or feeling overwhelmed with current life events? Let me offer you a safe and non-judgemental place to process experiences (current/historical), as well as receive skills to make positive changes in your life.
Welcome. Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship problems, lack of motivation, parenting challenges, or feeling overwhelmed with current life events? Let me offer you a safe and non-judgemental place to process experiences (current/historical), as well as receive skills to make positive changes in your life.
(661) 689-7196 View (661) 689-7196
Photo of Nineveth Rose G Fauni, Psychologist in Bakersfield, CA
Nineveth Rose G Fauni
Psychologist, PsyD, RPT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93309
Navigating through life can at times be challenging. Life stressors may bring forth a myriad of emotions that can be overwhelming and debilitating. Past hurts may intrude and impinge on your way of adapting and succeeding in life. Through psychotherapy, I aim to provide you with a safe space that would allow for a deeper understanding of the challenges you encounter and its impact on the areas of your work, school, and relationships. The safe space that we would work together to create will  make way for collaborative reflections and discoveries through self observations, self attunement, and self awareness.  
Navigating through life can at times be challenging. Life stressors may bring forth a myriad of emotions that can be overwhelming and debilitating. Past hurts may intrude and impinge on your way of adapting and succeeding in life. Through psychotherapy, I aim to provide you with a safe space that would allow for a deeper understanding of the challenges you encounter and its impact on the areas of your work, school, and relationships. The safe space that we would work together to create will  make way for collaborative reflections and discoveries through self observations, self attunement, and self awareness.  
(661) 387-2181 View (661) 387-2181
Photo of Kandie Brown, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Kandie Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93311  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). I have a Master’s degree in Social Work from Our Lady of the Lake University, San Antonio, TX. I follow a systemic approach to therapy and believe that to understand people and their challenges it is important to understand the systems and relationships they are a part of. I believe that the therapeutic relationship should be one of authenticity, collaboration and one that feels safe and supportive. I focus on the client’s strength and resiliency. I strive to help clients find tools to cope with life’s stresses.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). I have a Master’s degree in Social Work from Our Lady of the Lake University, San Antonio, TX. I follow a systemic approach to therapy and believe that to understand people and their challenges it is important to understand the systems and relationships they are a part of. I believe that the therapeutic relationship should be one of authenticity, collaboration and one that feels safe and supportive. I focus on the client’s strength and resiliency. I strive to help clients find tools to cope with life’s stresses.
(661) 465-6415 View (661) 465-6415
Photo of Mary Buckley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Mary Buckley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93312
I am Mary Kay Buckley, LCSW I have been licensed for almost 40 years and love what I do! I work primarily with loss, grief, trauma, and transitions. I am trained and proficient in several therapeutic approaches and chose my approach based on your presentation. I am a trauma-informed therapist and work primarily with your trauma history and PTSD and where you feel stuck in your life. I work with EMDR, internal family therapy, and a number of other compassionate therapies to help you reach your greatest potential and find your joy.
I am Mary Kay Buckley, LCSW I have been licensed for almost 40 years and love what I do! I work primarily with loss, grief, trauma, and transitions. I am trained and proficient in several therapeutic approaches and chose my approach based on your presentation. I am a trauma-informed therapist and work primarily with your trauma history and PTSD and where you feel stuck in your life. I work with EMDR, internal family therapy, and a number of other compassionate therapies to help you reach your greatest potential and find your joy.
(661) 463-9997 View (661) 463-9997
Photo of Juliana Amiri, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Juliana Amiri
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93306
Hi, I'm Juliana! I have been a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist since 2014; graduated from Cal State Northridge in 2008. I value the importance of human connection and collaboration. The relationship and connection which a client and therapist develop between them is the single biggest factor for successful psychotherapy. I mainly work with adults, 18 and over who struggle with depression, anxiety, work and family-related stress, lack of confidence, generational issues, and lack of motivation.
Hi, I'm Juliana! I have been a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist since 2014; graduated from Cal State Northridge in 2008. I value the importance of human connection and collaboration. The relationship and connection which a client and therapist develop between them is the single biggest factor for successful psychotherapy. I mainly work with adults, 18 and over who struggle with depression, anxiety, work and family-related stress, lack of confidence, generational issues, and lack of motivation.
(661) 443-6221 View (661) 443-6221
Photo of Krissy Bynum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Krissy Bynum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93309
We all struggle with life challenges, and it is never too late to make positive changes. I believe in creating a therapeutic environment, which is essential for an individual to be able to express their concerns without judgement. This allows the individual the opportunity to come to an inviting place where one can speak openly and freely about concerns and/or struggles. As a therapist, I assist clients with developing their individualized goals and offer tools that can be implemented in their lives. My goal is to offer guidance and support, so clients can take steps to become the heathiest version of themselves.
We all struggle with life challenges, and it is never too late to make positive changes. I believe in creating a therapeutic environment, which is essential for an individual to be able to express their concerns without judgement. This allows the individual the opportunity to come to an inviting place where one can speak openly and freely about concerns and/or struggles. As a therapist, I assist clients with developing their individualized goals and offer tools that can be implemented in their lives. My goal is to offer guidance and support, so clients can take steps to become the heathiest version of themselves.
(661) 215-8728 View (661) 215-8728
Photo of Hector Barajas, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bakersfield, CA
Hector Barajas
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93307
My name is Hector Barajas, and I am a bilingual (Spanish) Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who is passionate about helping children, adolescents and families meet their full potential. I work with children and teens who are struggling with emotional dysregulation, defiance, anger, depression and social-emotional challenges. My expertise lies in working with children, and teen/adolescents who suffer from depression, anxiety, anger and defiance. I specialize in treating adolescents and juveniles in a group setting.
My name is Hector Barajas, and I am a bilingual (Spanish) Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who is passionate about helping children, adolescents and families meet their full potential. I work with children and teens who are struggling with emotional dysregulation, defiance, anger, depression and social-emotional challenges. My expertise lies in working with children, and teen/adolescents who suffer from depression, anxiety, anger and defiance. I specialize in treating adolescents and juveniles in a group setting.
(661) 690-2208 View (661) 690-2208

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bakersfield, CA

500+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Bakersfield, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
77% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
67% Stress
66% Relationship Issues
60% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

88% Aetna
84% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
83% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Bakersfield, CA see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bakersfield?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.