Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA

View neighborhoods in Pittsburgh
Photo of Blake Macurdy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Blake Macurdy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15232
You are someone who is fed-up, tired and a little pissed off about feeling stuck. In your emotions, in your trauma, in a relationship, in a job that you hate, in a body that you hate... I want to help you attend to yourself, process and move forward from that which no longer serves or nourishes you. You don’t want to feel as though you’re simply going through the motions, but that you can find meaning and enjoyment in your existence. I am passionate about helping others become the version of themselves they feel proud to show off and show up for. I am a LGBTQIA+ affirming and racial-justice oriented therapist.
You are someone who is fed-up, tired and a little pissed off about feeling stuck. In your emotions, in your trauma, in a relationship, in a job that you hate, in a body that you hate... I want to help you attend to yourself, process and move forward from that which no longer serves or nourishes you. You don’t want to feel as though you’re simply going through the motions, but that you can find meaning and enjoyment in your existence. I am passionate about helping others become the version of themselves they feel proud to show off and show up for. I am a LGBTQIA+ affirming and racial-justice oriented therapist.
(412) 924-5203 View (412) 924-5203
Photo of Kristina Meyrick, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Kristina Meyrick
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15275  (Online Only)
Times have been tough and there is no better reason to seek out some much needed self care for yourself! I not only practice as a Licensed Counselor but I also utilize Reiki in addition to therapy so that you can balance out your life and your energies in a holistic way. I have had the pleasure of helping clients over the years with a multitude of issues and diagnoses. Nothing is too difficult to address. If you need someone to not only listen to you but to support you through your difficulties with a friendly upbeat personality then I am the therapist for you! Take the first step to make yourself feel better and contact me.
Times have been tough and there is no better reason to seek out some much needed self care for yourself! I not only practice as a Licensed Counselor but I also utilize Reiki in addition to therapy so that you can balance out your life and your energies in a holistic way. I have had the pleasure of helping clients over the years with a multitude of issues and diagnoses. Nothing is too difficult to address. If you need someone to not only listen to you but to support you through your difficulties with a friendly upbeat personality then I am the therapist for you! Take the first step to make yourself feel better and contact me.
(412) 693-7325 View (412) 693-7325
Photo of Doug Harshberger, Pre-Licensed Professional in Pittsburgh, PA
Doug Harshberger
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15211
If you have experienced sexual violence in the state of Pennsylvania, ask me about ways to assist with covering costs. As a psychotherapist, I enjoy helping clients implement positive change in their lives, whether it's overcoming trauma, decreasing anxiety or depression, finding new meaning after the loss of a loved one, or making a much needed career change. I believe the purpose of therapy is to enable personal growth that leads to the best version of yourself, and I would be honored to join you on your journey to improved well-being.
If you have experienced sexual violence in the state of Pennsylvania, ask me about ways to assist with covering costs. As a psychotherapist, I enjoy helping clients implement positive change in their lives, whether it's overcoming trauma, decreasing anxiety or depression, finding new meaning after the loss of a loved one, or making a much needed career change. I believe the purpose of therapy is to enable personal growth that leads to the best version of yourself, and I would be honored to join you on your journey to improved well-being.
(412) 435-5186 View (412) 435-5186
Photo of Rachel E Noderer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Rachel E Noderer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15226
Would you like to feel more grounded and confident in your life? Perhaps you're feeling trapped by your thoughts and you're looking to gain skills to interrupt unhelpful thinking spirals? Or possibly you're feeling disconnected from your sense of self and would like a safe place to explore what makes you you? There are all sorts of reasons why you might be needing support right now and therapy can be a wonderful tool to help you build self compassion, manage overwhelming feelings, and build upon your existing strengths to accomplish your goals.
Would you like to feel more grounded and confident in your life? Perhaps you're feeling trapped by your thoughts and you're looking to gain skills to interrupt unhelpful thinking spirals? Or possibly you're feeling disconnected from your sense of self and would like a safe place to explore what makes you you? There are all sorts of reasons why you might be needing support right now and therapy can be a wonderful tool to help you build self compassion, manage overwhelming feelings, and build upon your existing strengths to accomplish your goals.
(412) 444-7542 View (412) 444-7542
Photo of New Directions Mental Health - Robinson Twp, Psychologist in Pittsburgh, PA
New Directions Mental Health - Robinson Twp
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15205
Offering Teletherapy, Telepsychiatry and in-office visits. We are a heart-centered practice dedicated to providing highly personalized care that supports you in making lasting changes. At New Directions, we specialize in providing the help you need from start to finish including matching you with the right therapist or psychiatric provider and offering effective services. Whether you are looking for individual therapy for yourself, therapy for a child or teen, couple's therapy, family therapy and/or psychiatric services, we can assist.
Offering Teletherapy, Telepsychiatry and in-office visits. We are a heart-centered practice dedicated to providing highly personalized care that supports you in making lasting changes. At New Directions, we specialize in providing the help you need from start to finish including matching you with the right therapist or psychiatric provider and offering effective services. Whether you are looking for individual therapy for yourself, therapy for a child or teen, couple's therapy, family therapy and/or psychiatric services, we can assist.
(412) 444-7275 View (412) 444-7275
Photo of Braden Bernard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsburgh, PA
Braden Bernard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15217  (Online Only)
I'm very much a "come as you are" and "meet you where you're at" therapist. I am known to have a warm, yet direct style when practicing, and often utilize humor to help create a relaxed atmosphere. Clients come to me when they're dealing with problems in the bedroom and feel like they have nowhere else to turn. I believe that through exploration of one's personality and relationships, people are able to outgrow a conflicted sense of self.
I'm very much a "come as you are" and "meet you where you're at" therapist. I am known to have a warm, yet direct style when practicing, and often utilize humor to help create a relaxed atmosphere. Clients come to me when they're dealing with problems in the bedroom and feel like they have nowhere else to turn. I believe that through exploration of one's personality and relationships, people are able to outgrow a conflicted sense of self.
(412) 345-1457 View (412) 345-1457
Photo of Dr. Lynn Harper, Psychologist in Pittsburgh, PA
Dr. Lynn Harper
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15213
I am a doctoral level clinical psychologist. I see individuals from early adulthood through old age and have specialized training in: depression, anxiety, development across the lifespan, gender/sexuality, grief & loss, stress management & mindfulness practices, university counselling (including working with international populations), geriatrics, and issues related to intimacy/relationships. I offer both in person and telehealth (virtual) sessions.
I am a doctoral level clinical psychologist. I see individuals from early adulthood through old age and have specialized training in: depression, anxiety, development across the lifespan, gender/sexuality, grief & loss, stress management & mindfulness practices, university counselling (including working with international populations), geriatrics, and issues related to intimacy/relationships. I offer both in person and telehealth (virtual) sessions.
(412) 867-7563 View (412) 867-7563
Photo of Josie Albrecht, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Josie Albrecht
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15206  (Online Only)
Take your healing to new heights. Are you seeking a space to explore the “hard stuff”? Have you been struggling to get past survival-mode living? Do you long for a genuine, authentic connection to yourself and others? I work with clients who desire to get to the root of their struggles. Whether you want to overcome your symptoms, process something difficult that has happened to you, or explore cycles and patterns that aren’t serving you, I am here to help.
Take your healing to new heights. Are you seeking a space to explore the “hard stuff”? Have you been struggling to get past survival-mode living? Do you long for a genuine, authentic connection to yourself and others? I work with clients who desire to get to the root of their struggles. Whether you want to overcome your symptoms, process something difficult that has happened to you, or explore cycles and patterns that aren’t serving you, I am here to help.
(412) 415-7328 View (412) 415-7328
Photo of Wexford Counseling Services, Pre-Licensed Professional in Pittsburgh, PA
Wexford Counseling Services
Pre-Licensed Professional, LSW
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15243
Are you struggling to parent your young child? Would you like to have a stronger bond with your child? Would you like to be more confident in your ability to respond to difficult behaviors? I am experienced and are pursuing certification in Parent Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT). I can help you strengthen your relationship with your young child.
Are you struggling to parent your young child? Would you like to have a stronger bond with your child? Would you like to be more confident in your ability to respond to difficult behaviors? I am experienced and are pursuing certification in Parent Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT). I can help you strengthen your relationship with your young child.
(412) 753-7596 View (412) 753-7596
Photo of Carrie Buckner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsburgh, PA
Carrie Buckner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MDiv
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15218
I have primarily worked with clients regarding life transitions/adjustment disorders, depression, anxiety, trauma, grief/loss, self-harm, LGBTQ exploration, interpersonal conflicts, family dynamics, spiritual/faith/religious concerns or abuse, and boundary setting. I enjoy clients who are seeking to better understand themselves and growing their confidence in who they are. Only after we have insight and awareness can we try to make meaningful changes. I enjoy explorative, open-minded depth work that is holistic and fulfilling for the client. I am trauma-informed and use an eclectic approach with a psychodynamic foundation.
I have primarily worked with clients regarding life transitions/adjustment disorders, depression, anxiety, trauma, grief/loss, self-harm, LGBTQ exploration, interpersonal conflicts, family dynamics, spiritual/faith/religious concerns or abuse, and boundary setting. I enjoy clients who are seeking to better understand themselves and growing their confidence in who they are. Only after we have insight and awareness can we try to make meaningful changes. I enjoy explorative, open-minded depth work that is holistic and fulfilling for the client. I am trauma-informed and use an eclectic approach with a psychodynamic foundation.
(412) 981-2331 View (412) 981-2331
Photo of Frank Bienkowski at True to You Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Frank Bienkowski at True to You Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15213
Beginning in January 2024, my valued colleague, Jennifer Huffman and I are launching a combined practice that will be known as True to You. Each of us brings 20+ years of experience in the helping professions into this new venture. Both Jennifer and I have a background in addictions treatment, working together at Gateway Rehabilitation Center for 8 years. In the past decade we have both expanded our focus into other areas of therapeutic work. A common thread of purpose in our work has been to assist our clients in actively living from a more authentic sense of themselves. We hope to help you along on your path to being true to you.
Beginning in January 2024, my valued colleague, Jennifer Huffman and I are launching a combined practice that will be known as True to You. Each of us brings 20+ years of experience in the helping professions into this new venture. Both Jennifer and I have a background in addictions treatment, working together at Gateway Rehabilitation Center for 8 years. In the past decade we have both expanded our focus into other areas of therapeutic work. A common thread of purpose in our work has been to assist our clients in actively living from a more authentic sense of themselves. We hope to help you along on your path to being true to you.
(412) 532-1784 View (412) 532-1784
Photo of Marguerite Bryce, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsburgh, PA
Marguerite Bryce
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15216
I have years of experience working with adults, children, couples and seniors. Clients with symptoms of anxiety and depression are a large part of my practice. From prior hospital work, I have knowledge regarding the impact of physical illness on mental health. I see clients both in person and virtually.
I have years of experience working with adults, children, couples and seniors. Clients with symptoms of anxiety and depression are a large part of my practice. From prior hospital work, I have knowledge regarding the impact of physical illness on mental health. I see clients both in person and virtually.
(412) 844-2317 View (412) 844-2317
Photo of Claire Rysavy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsburgh, PA
Claire Rysavy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15203
My ideal client would be a woman in her 30s or 40s with young children. She has anxiety about parenting and uncertainty about her abilities as a parent. Her goal is to work on her anxiety and confidence in parenting and to have a place to talk about the everyday struggles of being a parent.
My ideal client would be a woman in her 30s or 40s with young children. She has anxiety about parenting and uncertainty about her abilities as a parent. Her goal is to work on her anxiety and confidence in parenting and to have a place to talk about the everyday struggles of being a parent.
(412) 618-2652 View (412) 618-2652
Photo of Meagan Narvaez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Meagan Narvaez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15210  (Online Only)
At times in our lives, sex and intimacy may not be a top priority. You might have a hard time expressing your desires, or knowing what those desires are in the first place! Does that resonate with you? If you’re in a relationship rut or you’ve simply never learned that sex is for YOUR pleasure, you might be feeling disconnected from your body. The root of these challenges is that sex is a skill, and society doesn’t teach us to hone in on our sexy, sensual side for our own benefit. When we struggle with sex or intimacy, we tend to go on struggling until it becomes overwhelming and we can’t avoid it any longer. Now, it’s time to grow.
At times in our lives, sex and intimacy may not be a top priority. You might have a hard time expressing your desires, or knowing what those desires are in the first place! Does that resonate with you? If you’re in a relationship rut or you’ve simply never learned that sex is for YOUR pleasure, you might be feeling disconnected from your body. The root of these challenges is that sex is a skill, and society doesn’t teach us to hone in on our sexy, sensual side for our own benefit. When we struggle with sex or intimacy, we tend to go on struggling until it becomes overwhelming and we can’t avoid it any longer. Now, it’s time to grow.
(412) 207-3868 View (412) 207-3868
Photo of Kelly Horvath, Pre-Licensed Professional in Pittsburgh, PA
Kelly Horvath
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15217
Trauma can affect anyone over the course of their lifetime. Dealing with difficult feelings and experiences can be challenging, but with the right tools, you can manage your symptoms, reclaim your sense of self, and move toward living your best life. The choice to begin therapy can be the first step toward finding relief. My name is Kelly, and I'd be honored to be your therapist. I strive to view my practice through the lenses of cultural competence, progressive social values, a systems perspective, and the Sanctuary Model, among other theories
Trauma can affect anyone over the course of their lifetime. Dealing with difficult feelings and experiences can be challenging, but with the right tools, you can manage your symptoms, reclaim your sense of self, and move toward living your best life. The choice to begin therapy can be the first step toward finding relief. My name is Kelly, and I'd be honored to be your therapist. I strive to view my practice through the lenses of cultural competence, progressive social values, a systems perspective, and the Sanctuary Model, among other theories
(412) 851-6153 View (412) 851-6153
Photo of DeMarquis Clarke, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pittsburgh, PA
DeMarquis Clarke
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15218
As a licensed marriage and family therapist, I am a capable, compassionate, experienced clinician that provides individual, couple/marital, and family therapy for a wide range of issues, including but not limited to, relational conflict, trauma and abuse recovery, parent-child conflict, anger management, and more. My specialties include: couple/marital therapy; sexual abuse and trauma recovery; as well as working with issues of religion/spirituality, race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation.
As a licensed marriage and family therapist, I am a capable, compassionate, experienced clinician that provides individual, couple/marital, and family therapy for a wide range of issues, including but not limited to, relational conflict, trauma and abuse recovery, parent-child conflict, anger management, and more. My specialties include: couple/marital therapy; sexual abuse and trauma recovery; as well as working with issues of religion/spirituality, race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation.
(412) 435-1347 View (412) 435-1347
Photo of Dr. Felishatee Rodriguez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Dr. Felishatee Rodriguez
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15212  (Online Only)
Hello! I’m Dr. Felishatee Rodriguez, a licensed professional counselor with 10+ years of experience in the field, and I truly love the work I do. Clients often describe me as the therapist who "just gets it." My approach acknowledges the profound impact of early life adversity and attachment disruptions on your life. I understand that complex trauma shapes the coping strategies developed for survival. I'm here to have honest, vulnerable conversations with you. My approach is grounded in transparency and a belief in your capacity for growth. I encourage you to bring your full, unfiltered self to our sessions.
Hello! I’m Dr. Felishatee Rodriguez, a licensed professional counselor with 10+ years of experience in the field, and I truly love the work I do. Clients often describe me as the therapist who "just gets it." My approach acknowledges the profound impact of early life adversity and attachment disruptions on your life. I understand that complex trauma shapes the coping strategies developed for survival. I'm here to have honest, vulnerable conversations with you. My approach is grounded in transparency and a belief in your capacity for growth. I encourage you to bring your full, unfiltered self to our sessions.
(412) 455-3751 View (412) 455-3751
Photo of Vanessa Royse, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsburgh, PA
Vanessa Royse
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15228
Not accepting new clients
I work with individuals who have a wide range of concerns from depression and anxiety to issues in relationships, grief, loneliness, chronic pain, and stress. Clients get results with me because my approach is practical, creative, and empowering, and I work hard to help clients gain new tools to overcome their challenges. Together we will find ways to better understand the road blocks that are preventing you from moving forward, and to develop healthier coping strategies and behaviors that will improve your life and well-being.
I work with individuals who have a wide range of concerns from depression and anxiety to issues in relationships, grief, loneliness, chronic pain, and stress. Clients get results with me because my approach is practical, creative, and empowering, and I work hard to help clients gain new tools to overcome their challenges. Together we will find ways to better understand the road blocks that are preventing you from moving forward, and to develop healthier coping strategies and behaviors that will improve your life and well-being.
(412) 388-4622 View (412) 388-4622
Photo of Counseling With Confidence, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Counseling With Confidence, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NBCC, MS
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15235  (Online Only)
Kesha is a culturally competent licensed mental health therapist in Western PA and understands the mental health processes of clients from different economic backgrounds. During her counseling/coaching sessions she begins by building trust and rapport with her clients because it is important for the client to believe that they have a voice in maintaining their health. Kesha works intensely with clients utilizing mindfulness techniques to enhance inner strengths and abilities to increase their levels of self - esteem.
Kesha is a culturally competent licensed mental health therapist in Western PA and understands the mental health processes of clients from different economic backgrounds. During her counseling/coaching sessions she begins by building trust and rapport with her clients because it is important for the client to believe that they have a voice in maintaining their health. Kesha works intensely with clients utilizing mindfulness techniques to enhance inner strengths and abilities to increase their levels of self - esteem.
(412) 668-1218 View (412) 668-1218
Photo of Diane L Winter, Licensed Professional Counselor in Pittsburgh, PA
Diane L Winter
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, BC-TMH, LPC
Verified Verified
Pittsburgh, PA 15241  (Online Only)
**CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS** **Now an out of state licensed registered telehealth professional in the state of Florida.** Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, or pandemic related stress? Have you been meaning to make an appointment with a therapist for a while, but just haven't done it yet? I understand.... let's talk about it.
**CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS** **Now an out of state licensed registered telehealth professional in the state of Florida.** Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, or pandemic related stress? Have you been meaning to make an appointment with a therapist for a while, but just haven't done it yet? I understand.... let's talk about it.
View

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
77% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
70% Coping Skills
69% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Highmark
74% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Pittsburgh, PA see their clients

60% In Person and Online
40% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
19% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Pittsburgh?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.