Therapists in Providence, RI

View neighborhoods in Providence
Photo of Art Erskine, Counselor in Providence, RI
Art Erskine
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02903
Hello, I’m Art Erskine and I have been counseling individuals, families and groups since 1998. I graduated from Assumption College in Worcester, MA with my Master’s in Counseling Psychology. The bulk of my early training centered around Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Structural Family Therapy. Motivational interviewing, aggression replacement training, person centered therapy, and coaching have been skills I have built over the years.
Hello, I’m Art Erskine and I have been counseling individuals, families and groups since 1998. I graduated from Assumption College in Worcester, MA with my Master’s in Counseling Psychology. The bulk of my early training centered around Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Structural Family Therapy. Motivational interviewing, aggression replacement training, person centered therapy, and coaching have been skills I have built over the years.
(401) 208-2857 View (401) 208-2857
Photo of Liz Lindgren, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Liz Lindgren
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
Not accepting new clients
I have spent my time in the clinical field working with young adults, adults, families and communities. I am inspired by people’s capacity to confront the obstacles in their lives and believe that building a trusting relationship creates the freedom to fully do this. I use a relational approach grounded in the view that each person brings unique strengths to therapy and that we are all part of a complex ecosystem that shapes us and the way we feel. Our work together brings to light the patterns, structures, experiences and stories that have led to and complicated happiness so that there is momentum to interact with them in new ways.
I have spent my time in the clinical field working with young adults, adults, families and communities. I am inspired by people’s capacity to confront the obstacles in their lives and believe that building a trusting relationship creates the freedom to fully do this. I use a relational approach grounded in the view that each person brings unique strengths to therapy and that we are all part of a complex ecosystem that shapes us and the way we feel. Our work together brings to light the patterns, structures, experiences and stories that have led to and complicated happiness so that there is momentum to interact with them in new ways.
(401) 542-8132 View (401) 542-8132
Photo of Alexandra Bosworth in Providence, RI
Alexandra Bosworth
MS, BCBA, LABA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02909
As your support system, I am here to offer you a compassionate and trauma-informed approach to ABA therapy, tailored for your unique needs as an autistic child or adult. My focus is on helping pre-teens and teenagers, collaboratively with you to identify goals that align with your values. My primary objective is to help you develop essential social, community, executive functioning, and daily living skills while providing a nurturing and affirming environment. Together, we will take on new challenges, at your own pace. I will be with you every step of the way, providing support and guidance, so that you feel confident and empowered.
As your support system, I am here to offer you a compassionate and trauma-informed approach to ABA therapy, tailored for your unique needs as an autistic child or adult. My focus is on helping pre-teens and teenagers, collaboratively with you to identify goals that align with your values. My primary objective is to help you develop essential social, community, executive functioning, and daily living skills while providing a nurturing and affirming environment. Together, we will take on new challenges, at your own pace. I will be with you every step of the way, providing support and guidance, so that you feel confident and empowered.
(401) 498-7031 View (401) 498-7031
Photo of K Michele Laferte, Counselor in Providence, RI
K Michele Laferte
Counselor, MA, CAGS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906  (Online Only)
Michele Laferte is a counselor based in Rhode Island, working with adults across the lifespan from college students to people in their 80s. Many of Michele’s clients seek support for issues such as anxiety, loneliness, depression, and grief. Michele is particularly passionate about serving Generation X, especially adults who grew up in alcoholic, abusive or neglectful homes. She also possesses advanced training in addressing PTSD. Michele is proficient in various therapeutic modalities including EMDR, IFS, and psychodynamic therapy.
Michele Laferte is a counselor based in Rhode Island, working with adults across the lifespan from college students to people in their 80s. Many of Michele’s clients seek support for issues such as anxiety, loneliness, depression, and grief. Michele is particularly passionate about serving Generation X, especially adults who grew up in alcoholic, abusive or neglectful homes. She also possesses advanced training in addressing PTSD. Michele is proficient in various therapeutic modalities including EMDR, IFS, and psychodynamic therapy.
(401) 343-7761 View (401) 343-7761
Photo of Nettle & Ash in Providence, RI
Nettle & Ash
BCBA, LABA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02909
Nettle & Ash's ACT-based (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) program offers specialized, affirmative, compassionate, and culturally responsive coaching and therapy for teens and adults. Our practitioners have been supporting families and individuals with a broad range of challenges for two decades, and have particular interest/expertise in Autism, ADHD, anxiety, depression, and LGBTQIA+. We also specialize in supporting the family as a whole. Our ideal clients' goals include a commitment towards psychological flexibility through values-based work to create a stronger sense of self.
Nettle & Ash's ACT-based (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) program offers specialized, affirmative, compassionate, and culturally responsive coaching and therapy for teens and adults. Our practitioners have been supporting families and individuals with a broad range of challenges for two decades, and have particular interest/expertise in Autism, ADHD, anxiety, depression, and LGBTQIA+. We also specialize in supporting the family as a whole. Our ideal clients' goals include a commitment towards psychological flexibility through values-based work to create a stronger sense of self.
(401) 281-8006 View (401) 281-8006
Photo of Dr. Ronnesia B Gaskins, Psychologist in Providence, RI
Dr. Ronnesia B Gaskins
Psychologist, PhD, MSPH, HSP-P
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906  (Online Only)
Welcome to the Plum Psychology, LLC- a client-centered practice providing psychotherapy in a supportive and safe environment. I work with children (preschool, school age, teens), adults, & families. I also work with academics (students, postdocs, faculty). I treat people from diverse backgrounds (eg, economic, racialized, lgbtq+). My approach is integrative and combines evidence-based approaches (e.g., Cognitive Behavioral, ACT) tailored to meet your needs and/or those of your family. My areas of expertise include ADHD, anxiety, parenting/child behavior, health/healthy lifestyle and multigenerational cultural issues & trauma.
Welcome to the Plum Psychology, LLC- a client-centered practice providing psychotherapy in a supportive and safe environment. I work with children (preschool, school age, teens), adults, & families. I also work with academics (students, postdocs, faculty). I treat people from diverse backgrounds (eg, economic, racialized, lgbtq+). My approach is integrative and combines evidence-based approaches (e.g., Cognitive Behavioral, ACT) tailored to meet your needs and/or those of your family. My areas of expertise include ADHD, anxiety, parenting/child behavior, health/healthy lifestyle and multigenerational cultural issues & trauma.
(401) 216-4470 View (401) 216-4470
Photo of MiNa Chung, Psychologist in Providence, RI
MiNa Chung
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
Please inquire via EMAIL for a quicker response time. I am only accepting couples at this time. Dr. MiNa Chung is a licensed clinical psychologist in Providence, RI with extensive experience working with couples and adults across the lifespan. Her areas of specialization include complex trauma, relationship and attachment issues, men's health and wellness, parenting, and ketamine assisted psychotherapy. Dr. Chung has a keen understanding of the unique challenges and struggles of her patients, and tailors her integrative treatment approaches to meet the needs of each individual or couple.
Please inquire via EMAIL for a quicker response time. I am only accepting couples at this time. Dr. MiNa Chung is a licensed clinical psychologist in Providence, RI with extensive experience working with couples and adults across the lifespan. Her areas of specialization include complex trauma, relationship and attachment issues, men's health and wellness, parenting, and ketamine assisted psychotherapy. Dr. Chung has a keen understanding of the unique challenges and struggles of her patients, and tailors her integrative treatment approaches to meet the needs of each individual or couple.
(401) 648-3028 View (401) 648-3028
Photo of Emily Whetstone, Counselor in Providence, RI
Emily Whetstone
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906  (Online Only)
Currently accepting daytime Telehealth clients (Weds, Thurs, Fri). I want to get to know you and understand you as an individual in order to learn about your needs and help meet them- I believe that no two individuals are the same and that, as humans, we shouldn't be treated as such. I work well with anxiety, depression, panic disorder, and more. I am here to help you discover your needs, focus on what will bring you the most joy, and help you return to a level of functioning that makes you feel like yourself again!
Currently accepting daytime Telehealth clients (Weds, Thurs, Fri). I want to get to know you and understand you as an individual in order to learn about your needs and help meet them- I believe that no two individuals are the same and that, as humans, we shouldn't be treated as such. I work well with anxiety, depression, panic disorder, and more. I am here to help you discover your needs, focus on what will bring you the most joy, and help you return to a level of functioning that makes you feel like yourself again!
(401) 756-1836 View (401) 756-1836
Photo of Nichole Paciello, Counselor in Providence, RI
Nichole Paciello
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
Most of the clients I work with are individuals between the ages of 18-40 that are struggling to adjust to a recent life changes, or cope with the challenges of their everyday life. Some clients are hoping or preparing for a change. Depression, anxiety or feelings of overwhelm can all show up during these stressful times. My clients and I work together to gain insight into the cause of their symptoms, and develop skills/strategies to cope with these symptoms. I do a lot of work with my clients to help them identify their personal boundaries and values, and improve their communication skills (to help set new boundaries!).
Most of the clients I work with are individuals between the ages of 18-40 that are struggling to adjust to a recent life changes, or cope with the challenges of their everyday life. Some clients are hoping or preparing for a change. Depression, anxiety or feelings of overwhelm can all show up during these stressful times. My clients and I work together to gain insight into the cause of their symptoms, and develop skills/strategies to cope with these symptoms. I do a lot of work with my clients to help them identify their personal boundaries and values, and improve their communication skills (to help set new boundaries!).
(401) 740-3378 View (401) 740-3378
Photo of Christopher Dewey, Psychologist in Providence, RI
Christopher Dewey
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906
Waitlist for new clients
I am a licensed clinical psychologist in Rhode Island and provide online and in-person individual therapy to adolescents and adults. My areas of specialization and interest include anxiety, depression, gender affirming therapy, exploring the relationship between masculinity norms and depression, navigating interpersonal struggles, college student mental health, developing a healthy/authentic identity, and relationship difficulties. I aim to take all intersecting aspects of my clients’ identities into account, while also recognizing the vast diversity that exists within specific groups.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist in Rhode Island and provide online and in-person individual therapy to adolescents and adults. My areas of specialization and interest include anxiety, depression, gender affirming therapy, exploring the relationship between masculinity norms and depression, navigating interpersonal struggles, college student mental health, developing a healthy/authentic identity, and relationship difficulties. I aim to take all intersecting aspects of my clients’ identities into account, while also recognizing the vast diversity that exists within specific groups.
(401) 208-0461 x1 View (401) 208-0461 x1
Photo of Cynthia Rosengard, Psychologist in Providence, RI
Cynthia Rosengard
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
Not accepting new clients
LIMITED OPENINGS. PLEASE EMAIL ME FOR BEST RESPONSE. STILL MOSTLY TELE-HEALTH. I look forward to working with clients who are motivated to work through life transitions (college transitions, marriages, divorces, parenthood, loss) as well as those experiencing mood and anxiety challenges. I have experience working with students, medical patients, sexual minority clients, veterans, individuals involved in the criminal justice system and elderly individuals. I look forward to hearing from engaged, motivated individuals who are eager to work toward bettering their lives.
LIMITED OPENINGS. PLEASE EMAIL ME FOR BEST RESPONSE. STILL MOSTLY TELE-HEALTH. I look forward to working with clients who are motivated to work through life transitions (college transitions, marriages, divorces, parenthood, loss) as well as those experiencing mood and anxiety challenges. I have experience working with students, medical patients, sexual minority clients, veterans, individuals involved in the criminal justice system and elderly individuals. I look forward to hearing from engaged, motivated individuals who are eager to work toward bettering their lives.
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Photo of Chelsey Bhadouria, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Chelsey Bhadouria
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906  (Online Only)
Chelsey Bhadouria is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) who has 5 years of experience with adolescents and adults in a clinical outpatient setting. Chelsey has helped individuals and families seeking support with concerns such as mood disorders, anxiety, personality disorders, and trauma. Chelsey also has experience working with clients navigating challenges such as gender identity, cultural identity, life transitions, stress management, and self-esteem.
Chelsey Bhadouria is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) who has 5 years of experience with adolescents and adults in a clinical outpatient setting. Chelsey has helped individuals and families seeking support with concerns such as mood disorders, anxiety, personality disorders, and trauma. Chelsey also has experience working with clients navigating challenges such as gender identity, cultural identity, life transitions, stress management, and self-esteem.
(401) 388-5626 View (401) 388-5626
Photo of Priyanka Subash, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Priyanka Subash
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02909  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am not accepting new clients at this time. My therapeutic style is centered around compassion and collaboration. I truly believe each individual has inner strength and resilience, but sometimes it can be difficult to access these on our own.  Together, you and I will explore issues, learn skills and challenge thoughts that hinder you from being your confident and whole self. I believe in a creative approach while offering constructive, real life solutions you can use outside of the office.
I am not accepting new clients at this time. My therapeutic style is centered around compassion and collaboration. I truly believe each individual has inner strength and resilience, but sometimes it can be difficult to access these on our own.  Together, you and I will explore issues, learn skills and challenge thoughts that hinder you from being your confident and whole self. I believe in a creative approach while offering constructive, real life solutions you can use outside of the office.
(857) 320-3603 View (857) 320-3603
Photo of Barbara Goldner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Barbara Goldner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, BSN
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02903
Not accepting new clients
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship turmoil, substance use, or deep grief? Do you ever notice that you feel alone even in the company of others? I would like to tell you that what you are experiencing is something I see everyday. I have noticed that when people experience pain we tend to withdraw from the things that will help us heal. Over time, this can lead to more pain and suffering. My experience has also taught me that when we choose to stop isolating and receive healthy support from counseling or community, we begin to lead lives and be in relationships that feel full, connected and purposeful.
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship turmoil, substance use, or deep grief? Do you ever notice that you feel alone even in the company of others? I would like to tell you that what you are experiencing is something I see everyday. I have noticed that when people experience pain we tend to withdraw from the things that will help us heal. Over time, this can lead to more pain and suffering. My experience has also taught me that when we choose to stop isolating and receive healthy support from counseling or community, we begin to lead lives and be in relationships that feel full, connected and purposeful.
Photo of Joe Gray Vaughan, Counselor in Providence, RI
Joe Gray Vaughan
Counselor, LMHC, CYT
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
Are you often overwhelmed by painful and unwanted thoughts, memories or emotions? Do these experiences interfere with your ability to engage in the activities you care about the most? If so, you've probably tried many different strategies to control or avoid your suffering. Perhaps you feel that your suffering is overwhelming and you cannot see a way out. The good news is that you are not alone, we all suffer and many, many people have found ways to transcend their pain and build better lives.
Are you often overwhelmed by painful and unwanted thoughts, memories or emotions? Do these experiences interfere with your ability to engage in the activities you care about the most? If so, you've probably tried many different strategies to control or avoid your suffering. Perhaps you feel that your suffering is overwhelming and you cannot see a way out. The good news is that you are not alone, we all suffer and many, many people have found ways to transcend their pain and build better lives.
(401) 417-4883 View (401) 417-4883
Photo of Diana Ferraro, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Providence, RI
Diana Ferraro
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LCDP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02903
If you are reading this now, chances are that you or someone you love is dealing with a substance use problem. It also means that you may be ready to explore what this means and what opportunities exist for recovery. I want you to focus on what you have to gain… freedom, health, repaired relationships and so much more.
If you are reading this now, chances are that you or someone you love is dealing with a substance use problem. It also means that you may be ready to explore what this means and what opportunities exist for recovery. I want you to focus on what you have to gain… freedom, health, repaired relationships and so much more.
(401) 271-7678 View (401) 271-7678
Photo of Christine Enos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Christine Enos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906
Not accepting new clients
Hello, I am a licensed therapist conveniently located on the East Side of Providence. I work with children, adolescents and adults of all ages. I specialize in adolescent issues, and also enjoy working with college students, families, and women's issues. My approach is to offer genuine support and establish a trusting relationship with my clients. This will help you clarify and address the issues that have led you to seek counseling. I usually work with issues related to depression, anxiety, and relationships.
Hello, I am a licensed therapist conveniently located on the East Side of Providence. I work with children, adolescents and adults of all ages. I specialize in adolescent issues, and also enjoy working with college students, families, and women's issues. My approach is to offer genuine support and establish a trusting relationship with my clients. This will help you clarify and address the issues that have led you to seek counseling. I usually work with issues related to depression, anxiety, and relationships.
(401) 406-2209 View (401) 406-2209
Photo of Roisin O'Mara, PhD, Psychologist in Providence, RI
Roisin O'Mara, PhD
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906  (Online Only)
“What most people need is a really good listening to.” (Mary Lou Casey). These are the words that guide my treatment. Everyone has a story to tell and I am here to listen to yours. I am a clinical psychologist who treats children, adolescents, adults, and families. Specialty areas include PTSD, anxiety disorders, depression, bipolar disorder, self-injury, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and family issues.
“What most people need is a really good listening to.” (Mary Lou Casey). These are the words that guide my treatment. Everyone has a story to tell and I am here to listen to yours. I am a clinical psychologist who treats children, adolescents, adults, and families. Specialty areas include PTSD, anxiety disorders, depression, bipolar disorder, self-injury, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and family issues.
(401) 498-7976 View (401) 498-7976
Photo of Nicole Issa, Psychologist in Providence, RI
Nicole Issa
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906
Waitlist for new clients
My areas of specialization and interest include: women's health, depression, anxiety, stress management, and working with LGBTQIA-identified individuals and family members. In my work as a therapist, I focus on understanding early experiences and how psychological well-being can be fostered through relationships. I believe change and healing come through relationships: our relationships with ourselves, as well as our relationships with others.
My areas of specialization and interest include: women's health, depression, anxiety, stress management, and working with LGBTQIA-identified individuals and family members. In my work as a therapist, I focus on understanding early experiences and how psychological well-being can be fostered through relationships. I believe change and healing come through relationships: our relationships with ourselves, as well as our relationships with others.
(401) 320-4787 View (401) 320-4787
Photo of Anna Dillingham, Counselor in Providence, RI
Anna Dillingham
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906  (Online Only)
Are you looking for support and encouragement to take the next steps toward the life of your choosing? I am dedicated to helping you achieve peace with your past and present challenges, and to better align with your authentic Self. Our sessions provide a safe space, where patience, compassion, and acceptance allow us to work together to achieve your life goals, dreams, and your heart’s desire. When current life stressors feel overwhelming, or familiar patterns play out in the form of symptoms, blocks, or blind spots, it may be a sign that past painful experiences are activated in present day life.
Are you looking for support and encouragement to take the next steps toward the life of your choosing? I am dedicated to helping you achieve peace with your past and present challenges, and to better align with your authentic Self. Our sessions provide a safe space, where patience, compassion, and acceptance allow us to work together to achieve your life goals, dreams, and your heart’s desire. When current life stressors feel overwhelming, or familiar patterns play out in the form of symptoms, blocks, or blind spots, it may be a sign that past painful experiences are activated in present day life.
(631) 658-3094 View (631) 658-3094

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Providence, RI

700+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Providence, RI who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
87% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
69% Self Esteem
65% Coping Skills
65% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% BlueCross and BlueShield
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
62% Optum

How Therapists in Providence, RI see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
22% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Providence?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.