Therapists in Sacramento, CA

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Photo of Stephanie Beermann, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Sacramento, CA
Stephanie Beermann, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95834
I look to create a safe space for my clients, whether it be children, adolescents, adults, families or couples to support progress towards mental health. I enjoy working with a diverse population of individuals and supporting them on their paths. I consider any I spend with clients an honor and privilege. It is not easy to share with others. I work to provide a validating experience for my clients while also remaining attuned to their emotions and needs. I provide Brainspotting, Experiential, CBT, Insight-Oriented and other somatic interventions.
I look to create a safe space for my clients, whether it be children, adolescents, adults, families or couples to support progress towards mental health. I enjoy working with a diverse population of individuals and supporting them on their paths. I consider any I spend with clients an honor and privilege. It is not easy to share with others. I work to provide a validating experience for my clients while also remaining attuned to their emotions and needs. I provide Brainspotting, Experiential, CBT, Insight-Oriented and other somatic interventions.
(530) 394-3040 View (530) 394-3040
Photo of Anoop Sidhu, Pre-Licensed Professional in Sacramento, CA
Anoop Sidhu
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811
Hello! Having trouble communicating your needs and setting boundaries? Are you struggling to balance your bicultural identity? Are you parent struggling with the behavior or emotional needs of your child(ren)? Are you often irritated and don't know why? Are you not feeling sure of "who you are"? I have experience working with individuals of various age groups, from children and adolescents to adults. While it's essential to explore past experiences to gain context, I believe this alone is not enough.
Hello! Having trouble communicating your needs and setting boundaries? Are you struggling to balance your bicultural identity? Are you parent struggling with the behavior or emotional needs of your child(ren)? Are you often irritated and don't know why? Are you not feeling sure of "who you are"? I have experience working with individuals of various age groups, from children and adolescents to adults. While it's essential to explore past experiences to gain context, I believe this alone is not enough.
(916) 352-7288 View (916) 352-7288
Photo of Jordanne Stacy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Sacramento, CA
Jordanne Stacy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed with life's challenges? Welcome to a space of warmth and understanding. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT), I offer a compassionate approach to therapy, providing support as you navigate life's challenges. I believe that everyone's life journey is unique, which is why I do not believe in the “cookie-cutter” approach to treatment. I have years of experience working with couples, helping them rebuild trust, improve communication, and deepen their connection. Additionally, I have experience working with individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, and trauma.
Are you feeling overwhelmed with life's challenges? Welcome to a space of warmth and understanding. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT), I offer a compassionate approach to therapy, providing support as you navigate life's challenges. I believe that everyone's life journey is unique, which is why I do not believe in the “cookie-cutter” approach to treatment. I have years of experience working with couples, helping them rebuild trust, improve communication, and deepen their connection. Additionally, I have experience working with individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, and trauma.
(530) 900-0296 View (530) 900-0296
Photo of Mary S Reigel, Marriage & Family Therapist in Sacramento, CA
Mary S Reigel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95826  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Since 1981 I've specialized in helping people heal from all types of individual, family and workplace stressors. Originally, I helped individuals who were exposed to suicide, homicide, disaster or accident. I treat a broad range of issues that impact our lives...hurt feelings, shame, disappointment, profound loss or trauma. I might use EMDR, Ego-state, Hypnosis, Brainspotting, Visualization, NETmindbody, SSP & other techniques during sessions. Bottom-line, if you want to be more 'comfortable in your own skin' or 'at ease' with yourself, I might be just the therapist for you.
Since 1981 I've specialized in helping people heal from all types of individual, family and workplace stressors. Originally, I helped individuals who were exposed to suicide, homicide, disaster or accident. I treat a broad range of issues that impact our lives...hurt feelings, shame, disappointment, profound loss or trauma. I might use EMDR, Ego-state, Hypnosis, Brainspotting, Visualization, NETmindbody, SSP & other techniques during sessions. Bottom-line, if you want to be more 'comfortable in your own skin' or 'at ease' with yourself, I might be just the therapist for you.
(916) 259-3948 View (916) 259-3948
Photo of Barbara Bachmeier, Psychologist in Sacramento, CA
Barbara Bachmeier
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95864  (Online Only)
Hello fellow traveler, Life that is lived to the fullest is our greatest adventure. Sometimes, we get smacked with a road block. It is common to react with anxiety, depression, or a need to sort things out. It is normal to feel this way, yet it can seem that our ability to function optimally is affected with this happens. You can do this. You can be successful in moving through the struggle. You are not alone. I care, I will listen, I will respond, and I know what I am doing. Let me walk with you and apply my clinical knowledge as you gather new life hacks to facilitate your great journey.
Hello fellow traveler, Life that is lived to the fullest is our greatest adventure. Sometimes, we get smacked with a road block. It is common to react with anxiety, depression, or a need to sort things out. It is normal to feel this way, yet it can seem that our ability to function optimally is affected with this happens. You can do this. You can be successful in moving through the struggle. You are not alone. I care, I will listen, I will respond, and I know what I am doing. Let me walk with you and apply my clinical knowledge as you gather new life hacks to facilitate your great journey.
(916) 587-7792 View (916) 587-7792
Photo of Myla Lampkin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Sacramento, CA
Myla Lampkin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95838
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have been practicing for 15 years. I specialize in various therapeutic modalities using an Eclectic and Strengths-Based Approach to assist women, adolescents, and children who may be dealing with life stressors, trauma, or simply wanting to learn healthy coping skills. I am here to help you navigate and gain insight through exploration of you. I approach therapy with an open mind, free of judgment, and respect for each individual’s lens and experience of the world.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have been practicing for 15 years. I specialize in various therapeutic modalities using an Eclectic and Strengths-Based Approach to assist women, adolescents, and children who may be dealing with life stressors, trauma, or simply wanting to learn healthy coping skills. I am here to help you navigate and gain insight through exploration of you. I approach therapy with an open mind, free of judgment, and respect for each individual’s lens and experience of the world.
(916) 246-2472 View (916) 246-2472
Guneet Kaur
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95823  (Online Only)
Highly motivated; willing to take responsibility for their life; prioritize therapy work; willing to be challenged; exploring gender identity, living authentically, self compassion; people who are wanting support with making changes in their life; transitions; boundaries + interdependence; relationships; practical coping skills;
Highly motivated; willing to take responsibility for their life; prioritize therapy work; willing to be challenged; exploring gender identity, living authentically, self compassion; people who are wanting support with making changes in their life; transitions; boundaries + interdependence; relationships; practical coping skills;
(916) 623-7489 View (916) 623-7489
Photo of William Schneider, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Sacramento, CA
William Schneider
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LAADC, ICADC
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816
I understand the fear, anxiety, hopelessness, and discouragement of repeating the same cycle over and over again. Drinking too much and embarrassing or humiliating yourself often feels like it is damaging your soul. You keep trying to make changes but don't feel like you can let yourself down anymore. It's time to break this vicious cycle and you don't have to do it alone. I have been helping good people just like you make positive changes with their substance use for over a decade. You can break free and give yourself and your family the life you deserve. Stop letting substances hold you back from achieving your potential.
I understand the fear, anxiety, hopelessness, and discouragement of repeating the same cycle over and over again. Drinking too much and embarrassing or humiliating yourself often feels like it is damaging your soul. You keep trying to make changes but don't feel like you can let yourself down anymore. It's time to break this vicious cycle and you don't have to do it alone. I have been helping good people just like you make positive changes with their substance use for over a decade. You can break free and give yourself and your family the life you deserve. Stop letting substances hold you back from achieving your potential.
(916) 794-7942 View (916) 794-7942
Photo of Alex L Andrade Jr., Psychologist in Sacramento, CA
Alex L Andrade Jr.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95816
When we encounter life stressors, whether anticipated or not, we experience a range of reactions. Many of which, we are not told how to deal with, yet are expected to manage. Mental health issues might complicate our ability to manage stressors, thereby worsening symptoms and making it even more difficult to handle both life and one's mental well-being. We sometimes feel as though those around us, despite their well intentions and support, do not quite understand what we are going through. We may feel unable to find our way, feel how we felt, or pursue what we hoped our life to be.
When we encounter life stressors, whether anticipated or not, we experience a range of reactions. Many of which, we are not told how to deal with, yet are expected to manage. Mental health issues might complicate our ability to manage stressors, thereby worsening symptoms and making it even more difficult to handle both life and one's mental well-being. We sometimes feel as though those around us, despite their well intentions and support, do not quite understand what we are going through. We may feel unable to find our way, feel how we felt, or pursue what we hoped our life to be.
(916) 764-3510 View (916) 764-3510
Photo of Mary Valtierra, Psychologist in Sacramento, CA
Mary Valtierra
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95825
I believe that each of us feels most alive and fulfilled when actively pursuing the genuine expression of one's self. My role as therapist is to assist you in attaining this expression. Many symptoms such as depression, anxiety or self-destructiveness, arise when one is not acting in accordance with one's authentic self. Therapy will help identify what blocks this self-expression and gently challenge you toward greater self knowledge. We'll work together to identify your unique path toward self realization.
I believe that each of us feels most alive and fulfilled when actively pursuing the genuine expression of one's self. My role as therapist is to assist you in attaining this expression. Many symptoms such as depression, anxiety or self-destructiveness, arise when one is not acting in accordance with one's authentic self. Therapy will help identify what blocks this self-expression and gently challenge you toward greater self knowledge. We'll work together to identify your unique path toward self realization.
(916) 226-4579 View (916) 226-4579
Photo of Skylar Callum Rossy, Pre-Licensed Professional in Sacramento, CA
Skylar Callum Rossy
Pre-Licensed Professional, ACSW, PPSC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811
Waitlist for new clients
Hello everyone! My name is Skylar Rossy (pronouns: he/him/his) and I’m an Associate Clinical Social Worker with Seeds of Growth Counseling. My goal is to support you with self-empowerment and growth as we navigate difficult emotions and life stressors together.
Hello everyone! My name is Skylar Rossy (pronouns: he/him/his) and I’m an Associate Clinical Social Worker with Seeds of Growth Counseling. My goal is to support you with self-empowerment and growth as we navigate difficult emotions and life stressors together.
(916) 378-7230 View (916) 378-7230
Photo of Stephen Young, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Sacramento, CA
Stephen Young
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816
Everyone needs a safe space to reflect, release, reset, and rest. Are you having trouble understanding your mood, thoughts or emotions? Do you lie in bed late at night with thoughts that will not shut off? Are your emotions or thoughts hindering your relationships or professional life? Do you feel your life is not balanced due to the constant pressure to over perform? Do you find yourself neglecting your relationships with your spouse, children or close loved ones? We all need someone we can trust to walk us through the process of understanding and exploring ways to heal, cope and grow into our most authentic self.
Everyone needs a safe space to reflect, release, reset, and rest. Are you having trouble understanding your mood, thoughts or emotions? Do you lie in bed late at night with thoughts that will not shut off? Are your emotions or thoughts hindering your relationships or professional life? Do you feel your life is not balanced due to the constant pressure to over perform? Do you find yourself neglecting your relationships with your spouse, children or close loved ones? We all need someone we can trust to walk us through the process of understanding and exploring ways to heal, cope and grow into our most authentic self.
(530) 461-5940 View (530) 461-5940
Photo of Shannon Nisley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Sacramento, CA
Shannon Nisley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPCC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811  (Online Only)
I provide virtual individual therapy to adult (18+) women and enby folks of all backgrounds, orientations, expressions, and relationship/family dynamics - no topic is off limits. I aim to cultivate a compassionate and empowering space for you to explore and heal, believing laughter, joy, and creativity to be an integral part of that process. No judgement, no shame, no “fixing”, no BS.
I provide virtual individual therapy to adult (18+) women and enby folks of all backgrounds, orientations, expressions, and relationship/family dynamics - no topic is off limits. I aim to cultivate a compassionate and empowering space for you to explore and heal, believing laughter, joy, and creativity to be an integral part of that process. No judgement, no shame, no “fixing”, no BS.
(530) 853-3335 View (530) 853-3335
Photo of Carol M. Lazo, Associate Professional Clinical Counselor in Sacramento, CA
Carol M. Lazo
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95819
Not accepting new clients
Life transitions, whether welcomed or unwanted but needed, often seem to be too much to bear on your own. When it comes to college or career adjustment, family role or relationship changes, or grief and loss, you may not feel equipped to navigate the next chapter of your life story — even when you’re writing it for the better. You may have developed habits, emotional resistance, or long-held beliefs that were effective in getting you through to this stage of life but are now unhelpful or even harmful for where you are going now.
Life transitions, whether welcomed or unwanted but needed, often seem to be too much to bear on your own. When it comes to college or career adjustment, family role or relationship changes, or grief and loss, you may not feel equipped to navigate the next chapter of your life story — even when you’re writing it for the better. You may have developed habits, emotional resistance, or long-held beliefs that were effective in getting you through to this stage of life but are now unhelpful or even harmful for where you are going now.
(424) 488-6422 View (424) 488-6422
Photo of HoldOn2Hope Interventions, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Sacramento, CA
HoldOn2Hope Interventions
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADCII, ICADC, IS, SAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95825
Hello and thank you for visiting my profile. I am an experienced Substance Abuse Professional/Interventionist, Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor working in the field of Alcohol and Drug Services for over 20 years. I am a certified CADCII, ICADC, SAP in Sacramento California. My background has allowed me to fulfill my passion in helping others who suffer from this devastating disease and guide individuals toward a path of recovery that makes sense to them.
Hello and thank you for visiting my profile. I am an experienced Substance Abuse Professional/Interventionist, Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor working in the field of Alcohol and Drug Services for over 20 years. I am a certified CADCII, ICADC, SAP in Sacramento California. My background has allowed me to fulfill my passion in helping others who suffer from this devastating disease and guide individuals toward a path of recovery that makes sense to them.
(916) 409-3946 View (916) 409-3946
Photo of Melanie J Hubbard, Associate Professional Clinical Counselor in Sacramento, CA
Melanie J Hubbard
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, MS, NCC, APCC
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95831  (Online Only)
Using a plan can reduce common anxieties in life. Allow me to help create a plan; set up goals. Let’s examine what you see in the mirror and what you hope to see one day. If you're struggling with uncertainties, let’s deal with your uncertainties by discovering what can be altered in your life. Life in general is hard but can be made easier when traveling with others.
Using a plan can reduce common anxieties in life. Allow me to help create a plan; set up goals. Let’s examine what you see in the mirror and what you hope to see one day. If you're struggling with uncertainties, let’s deal with your uncertainties by discovering what can be altered in your life. Life in general is hard but can be made easier when traveling with others.
(916) 877-9002 View (916) 877-9002
Photo of Karessa Kelly, Marriage & Family Therapist in Sacramento, CA
Karessa Kelly
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95864
The therapeutic journey begins internally by listening to the heart when it tells us there is a need for change in our lives. Second is having the courage to admit when we need outside support to begin this change, and finally being bold enough to use our voices to seek out the assistance of a therapist. Therapy with the right therapist can be helpful to everyone. my preferred theoretical approach is client-centered. A client-centered therapeutic approach allows me to meet my clients where they are at and together develop the appropriate path forward. Other theoretical approaches include; CBT, DBT, experiential, & psychodynamic.
The therapeutic journey begins internally by listening to the heart when it tells us there is a need for change in our lives. Second is having the courage to admit when we need outside support to begin this change, and finally being bold enough to use our voices to seek out the assistance of a therapist. Therapy with the right therapist can be helpful to everyone. my preferred theoretical approach is client-centered. A client-centered therapeutic approach allows me to meet my clients where they are at and together develop the appropriate path forward. Other theoretical approaches include; CBT, DBT, experiential, & psychodynamic.
(916) 237-1619 View (916) 237-1619
Photo of Dr. Marjan Soltani, Marriage & Family Therapist in Sacramento, CA
Dr. Marjan Soltani
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95843  (Online Only)
I am an Iranian-American women, with the goal to help you face daily life challenges. I believe humans are fascinating and learning about how our brain works with our body based on different life experiences creates the person we are today. While I do intend to work with families, I am focused primarily on helping adults, including those who suffer from mental disorders. My goal is to help individuals understand themselves better and improve their quality of life. I speak also Farsi fluently and have understanding of being a Middle Eastern women Living in today's society.
I am an Iranian-American women, with the goal to help you face daily life challenges. I believe humans are fascinating and learning about how our brain works with our body based on different life experiences creates the person we are today. While I do intend to work with families, I am focused primarily on helping adults, including those who suffer from mental disorders. My goal is to help individuals understand themselves better and improve their quality of life. I speak also Farsi fluently and have understanding of being a Middle Eastern women Living in today's society.
(916) 884-6478 View (916) 884-6478
Photo of Kristine Hughes, Marriage & Family Therapist in Sacramento, CA
Kristine Hughes
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95820
My name is Kristine Hughes, and I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist in California. I enjoy treating individual adults and teens experiencing mood disorders such as depression and bipolar disorder, anxiety/panic attacks, substance abuse/addiction, self-harm behaviors and suicidal ideation, stress, relationship problems, abuse, and trauma. My therapeutic approach utilizes techniques from Mindfulness, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. The most foundation and important therapeutic element however is the safe trusting relationship built with each client.
My name is Kristine Hughes, and I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist in California. I enjoy treating individual adults and teens experiencing mood disorders such as depression and bipolar disorder, anxiety/panic attacks, substance abuse/addiction, self-harm behaviors and suicidal ideation, stress, relationship problems, abuse, and trauma. My therapeutic approach utilizes techniques from Mindfulness, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. The most foundation and important therapeutic element however is the safe trusting relationship built with each client.
(916) 776-5929 View (916) 776-5929
Photo of Margaret Greenough, Marriage & Family Therapist in Sacramento, CA
Margaret Greenough
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95816  (Online Only)
Most of us have goals we want to accomplish. Sometimes, we lose sight of these goals and seek a compass with which to guide ourselves. I strongly believe my task is to provide a safe place for you to do the work to achieve your goals. I've also become passionate about working with clients as they move from one stage of life to another. I believe a key to happiness is mindful connection to self, others, spirituality, the community, and the world. I provide feedback.
Most of us have goals we want to accomplish. Sometimes, we lose sight of these goals and seek a compass with which to guide ourselves. I strongly believe my task is to provide a safe place for you to do the work to achieve your goals. I've also become passionate about working with clients as they move from one stage of life to another. I believe a key to happiness is mindful connection to self, others, spirituality, the community, and the world. I provide feedback.
(916) 459-4457 View (916) 459-4457

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Sacramento, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Sacramento, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
73% Relationship Issues
70% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
64% Cigna and Evernorth
61% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Sacramento, CA see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Sacramento?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.