Therapists in Durham, NC

Photo of Pamela Crassweller, Psychological Associate in Durham, NC
Pamela Crassweller
Psychological Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27713
I have extensive experience administering psycho-educational evaluations. I work with a variety of clients, from the low functioning to the extremely gifted. These evaluations include a cognitive (IQ) test and an educational test which can be used to identify learning disabilities and gifted children. I am able to test in the school environment as well as the private sector. Reports meet all NC State requirements and can be used for educational institutions to qualify the student for special services and accommodations from the Exceptional Children's Program.
I have extensive experience administering psycho-educational evaluations. I work with a variety of clients, from the low functioning to the extremely gifted. These evaluations include a cognitive (IQ) test and an educational test which can be used to identify learning disabilities and gifted children. I am able to test in the school environment as well as the private sector. Reports meet all NC State requirements and can be used for educational institutions to qualify the student for special services and accommodations from the Exceptional Children's Program.
(919) 429-7524 View (919) 429-7524
Photo of Roxie Sutton, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Durham, NC
Roxie Sutton
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC, NCC, CRC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27713  (Online Only)
Are you experiencing an overwhelming amount of anxiety? Do you find yourself giving so much to others that you never have time to pour into yourself? Are you feeling lost? Overwhelmed? Frustrated? Are you experiencing life transitions that seem to be out of control? Despite your successes, are your relationships seemingly fractured or falling apart? Did you answer 'Yes' to any of the previous questions? Asking for help is difficult but it is a courageous and first step towards healing and reaching your goals.
Are you experiencing an overwhelming amount of anxiety? Do you find yourself giving so much to others that you never have time to pour into yourself? Are you feeling lost? Overwhelmed? Frustrated? Are you experiencing life transitions that seem to be out of control? Despite your successes, are your relationships seemingly fractured or falling apart? Did you answer 'Yes' to any of the previous questions? Asking for help is difficult but it is a courageous and first step towards healing and reaching your goals.
(919) 759-5369 View (919) 759-5369
Photo of Katherine R Pettaway in Durham, NC
Katherine R Pettaway
MS, LCMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27704
Effective conflict resolution has been a repetitive attribute that I have continued to strengthen within the last 20+ years. I always strive to find an efficient and effective way to resolve conflict so that all parties affected can walk away with a little more clarity and understanding as well as with the desire to want to bring resolution to the issue or issues at hand. I pride myself on treating people the way I want to be treated as well as listening thoroughly with empathy, compassion and an open-mind.
Effective conflict resolution has been a repetitive attribute that I have continued to strengthen within the last 20+ years. I always strive to find an efficient and effective way to resolve conflict so that all parties affected can walk away with a little more clarity and understanding as well as with the desire to want to bring resolution to the issue or issues at hand. I pride myself on treating people the way I want to be treated as well as listening thoroughly with empathy, compassion and an open-mind.
(919) 343-5311 View (919) 343-5311
Photo of Jamila Parker, Pre-Licensed Professional in Durham, NC
Jamila Parker
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27713
We all have times we need to talk about ourselves, relationships, or situation to best figure things out. I provide a safe and active environment where you can focus completely on yourself without fear of judgment, and we work together to find ways to improve things. I help people solve a variety of life issues including depression, anxiety, trauma, family issues, and general life stress, to name a few.
We all have times we need to talk about ourselves, relationships, or situation to best figure things out. I provide a safe and active environment where you can focus completely on yourself without fear of judgment, and we work together to find ways to improve things. I help people solve a variety of life issues including depression, anxiety, trauma, family issues, and general life stress, to name a few.
(919) 572-0000 View (919) 572-0000
Photo of De'Lisa M Hill in Durham, NC
De'Lisa M Hill
MA, LCMHCS, CTMH, CLA, TCMHC
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27703
I enjoy working with adolescents, adults, and couples. Compassion, warmth, and objectivity are what I offer to everyone that walks into my practice, physically or virtually. Clients are accepted for who they are while receiving encouragement to become self-aware, grow and thrive within their communities. My goal is to create a safe space for reviving the soul (mind, will, and emotions); rebuilding weakened and destroyed personal, family and social foundations; (revealing) putting into proper perspective life's challenges and using them effectively to advance, bringing about restoration of the total being.
I enjoy working with adolescents, adults, and couples. Compassion, warmth, and objectivity are what I offer to everyone that walks into my practice, physically or virtually. Clients are accepted for who they are while receiving encouragement to become self-aware, grow and thrive within their communities. My goal is to create a safe space for reviving the soul (mind, will, and emotions); rebuilding weakened and destroyed personal, family and social foundations; (revealing) putting into proper perspective life's challenges and using them effectively to advance, bringing about restoration of the total being.
(910) 370-8674 View (910) 370-8674
Photo of Barbara Orticelli, Licensed Professional Counselor in Durham, NC
Barbara Orticelli
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27703  (Online Only)
Looking for assistance in navigating life? Well, you're in the right place. As your therapist, my goal is to provide you with the tools you need to live the life you truly desire. I use a person-centered therapy approach along with CBT in my interventions. My services help veterans, veteran families, as well as children, adolescents and adults. The goal is to implement hope and skills to help you manage depression, stress, and/or anxiety. Furthermore, I am able to implement faith-based practices as well as other evidenced-based practices as necessary to be client-centered and advocate for your specific needs and care.
Looking for assistance in navigating life? Well, you're in the right place. As your therapist, my goal is to provide you with the tools you need to live the life you truly desire. I use a person-centered therapy approach along with CBT in my interventions. My services help veterans, veteran families, as well as children, adolescents and adults. The goal is to implement hope and skills to help you manage depression, stress, and/or anxiety. Furthermore, I am able to implement faith-based practices as well as other evidenced-based practices as necessary to be client-centered and advocate for your specific needs and care.
(984) 266-2882 View (984) 266-2882
Photo of Stephanie Skibba, Psychologist in Durham, NC
Stephanie Skibba
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27713
Everyone experiences the world differently so emphasizing characteristics that are unique to you can be key to positive change. I take a client-centered approach to individualizing treatment and, as our world is ever-changing, this includes adapting with you when necessary. While CBT is often an effective approach to begin making changes, I find that pulling features of other modalities helps develop a well-rounded understanding of your worldview and provides varied tools to be resilient in the face of life’s challenges.
Everyone experiences the world differently so emphasizing characteristics that are unique to you can be key to positive change. I take a client-centered approach to individualizing treatment and, as our world is ever-changing, this includes adapting with you when necessary. While CBT is often an effective approach to begin making changes, I find that pulling features of other modalities helps develop a well-rounded understanding of your worldview and provides varied tools to be resilient in the face of life’s challenges.
(919) 804-0679 View (919) 804-0679
Photo of Elizabeth Christy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Elizabeth Christy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CSE, GC
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27705  (Online Only)
Accepting New Patients as of 12/15/23 Hi there! My name is Elizabeth and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Certified Sex Educator, and Grief Counselor. I utilize a strengths-based approach to collaborate with Patients to reach their goals and improve their overall well-being. I work with each Patient to develop individualized treatment plans that support in reducing the impact of emotional and mental challenges across environments. I deeply believe in the healing power of connection through therapy and welcome the chance to meet with you.
Accepting New Patients as of 12/15/23 Hi there! My name is Elizabeth and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Certified Sex Educator, and Grief Counselor. I utilize a strengths-based approach to collaborate with Patients to reach their goals and improve their overall well-being. I work with each Patient to develop individualized treatment plans that support in reducing the impact of emotional and mental challenges across environments. I deeply believe in the healing power of connection through therapy and welcome the chance to meet with you.
(919) 899-7791 View (919) 899-7791
Photo of Amanda Hiemenz, Licensed Professional Counselor in Durham, NC
Amanda Hiemenz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LCMHCS, RYT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27713  (Online Only)
My practice provides counseling for adolescents and adults, in addition to clinical supervision of LCMHCAs. I specialize in treating persons 13 and up struggling with mood disorders, relationship issues, family conflict, life transitions, parenting concerns, body image and grief/loss. I am a National Certified Counselor (#310456), Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor & Supervisor, (#S10026), and founder of ASH Counseling, PLLC in Durham, NC. I believe in the strength of a positive, trusting therapeutic relationship, and am dedicated to providing a relaxed, non-judgmental environment for you to explore important issues in.
My practice provides counseling for adolescents and adults, in addition to clinical supervision of LCMHCAs. I specialize in treating persons 13 and up struggling with mood disorders, relationship issues, family conflict, life transitions, parenting concerns, body image and grief/loss. I am a National Certified Counselor (#310456), Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor & Supervisor, (#S10026), and founder of ASH Counseling, PLLC in Durham, NC. I believe in the strength of a positive, trusting therapeutic relationship, and am dedicated to providing a relaxed, non-judgmental environment for you to explore important issues in.
(919) 924-0519 View (919) 924-0519
Karen Catoe PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MPH, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27705
I value and enjoy working with clients of all ages. Primary areas of focus are: coping with life transitions, helping clients to have more satisfying relationships, working with parents to support attachment goals for healthy development of their child, and sitting with the grief that our inevitable losses bring. I specialize in working with clients with eating disorders, trauma and PTSD, and anxiety disorders. My approach is integrative, drawing from effective treatments (DBT, CBT, attachment-based) to meet your particular needs. I provide short-term and long-term services to individuals and families.
I value and enjoy working with clients of all ages. Primary areas of focus are: coping with life transitions, helping clients to have more satisfying relationships, working with parents to support attachment goals for healthy development of their child, and sitting with the grief that our inevitable losses bring. I specialize in working with clients with eating disorders, trauma and PTSD, and anxiety disorders. My approach is integrative, drawing from effective treatments (DBT, CBT, attachment-based) to meet your particular needs. I provide short-term and long-term services to individuals and families.
(919) 813-2852 View (919) 813-2852
Photo of Casey Reagan, Pre-Licensed Professional in Durham, NC
Casey Reagan
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27705
Casey is passionate about providing a safe space for clients to show up authentically while engaging in the courageous work of personal growth. Life is hard and can be overwhelming to navigate alone. Casey believes that as we explore and heal our inner life with a compassionate counselor, our outer life begins to heal as well. In the midst of life’s difficulties, we can still experience a greater peace, healthier relationships, practice helpful coping skills, and become more of the person we desire to be. Casey works with adults, couples, adolescents and children using a variety of evidence-based approaches with her clients.
Casey is passionate about providing a safe space for clients to show up authentically while engaging in the courageous work of personal growth. Life is hard and can be overwhelming to navigate alone. Casey believes that as we explore and heal our inner life with a compassionate counselor, our outer life begins to heal as well. In the midst of life’s difficulties, we can still experience a greater peace, healthier relationships, practice helpful coping skills, and become more of the person we desire to be. Casey works with adults, couples, adolescents and children using a variety of evidence-based approaches with her clients.
(919) 646-5090 View (919) 646-5090
Photo of Jane C. Hollings, Licensed Professional Counselor in Durham, NC
Jane C. Hollings
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LCMHC, CSOTP
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27713
I work with EDMR, Grief/Loss, Bipolar, Complex Trauma, PTSD, DID, Attachment Issues, ODD/Conduct Disorder Issues, Depression, Juvenile Sex Offending and Victims, LGBTQ Community, EAP Referrals, Long and Short Term Therapy, Christian Counseling to those with this interest. I work with age groups from 10 years of age and up. Psycho-sexual Assessments ( sexual misbehavior) for ages 10-18 and Bio-Psycho assessments (behavior) upon request.
I work with EDMR, Grief/Loss, Bipolar, Complex Trauma, PTSD, DID, Attachment Issues, ODD/Conduct Disorder Issues, Depression, Juvenile Sex Offending and Victims, LGBTQ Community, EAP Referrals, Long and Short Term Therapy, Christian Counseling to those with this interest. I work with age groups from 10 years of age and up. Psycho-sexual Assessments ( sexual misbehavior) for ages 10-18 and Bio-Psycho assessments (behavior) upon request.
(919) 419-0524 x3 View (919) 419-0524 x3
Photo of Mackenzie Howard, Counselor in Durham, NC
Mackenzie Howard
Counselor, MA, LCMHCA
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27713
Waitlist for new clients
Sometimes, life can throw a lot at you. It can be overwhelming and seem impossible to work through a myriad of complex feelings. Therapy can be the place for you to explore your feelings in a safe, nonjudgmental, productive way. From stress management to anxiety- from complex trauma to coping skills development, I am committed to partnering with you and reaching your personal goals. Life can be draining and we subconsciously shift into survival mode just to make it through the day. Together, we will work to process your experiences and figure out what it looks like for you to not just survive- but thrive.
Sometimes, life can throw a lot at you. It can be overwhelming and seem impossible to work through a myriad of complex feelings. Therapy can be the place for you to explore your feelings in a safe, nonjudgmental, productive way. From stress management to anxiety- from complex trauma to coping skills development, I am committed to partnering with you and reaching your personal goals. Life can be draining and we subconsciously shift into survival mode just to make it through the day. Together, we will work to process your experiences and figure out what it looks like for you to not just survive- but thrive.
(984) 206-3075 View (984) 206-3075
Photo of Ka'marla Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Ka'marla Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27713
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, a challenging relationship, or loss of a sense of self? Do you struggle with feeling disconnected from yourself and others? Do you wonder if life should feel somehow better and happier? Now more than ever, people are feeling overwhelmed, anxious, and uncertain about how to manage their lives, relationships, and careers. Let me be the torch to help you light the way to learning to set boundaries, work through a loss, and life transitions, or help you change a pattern of behavior that keeps you stuck. We offer an inclusive, safe space with in-person or virtual appointments today!
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, a challenging relationship, or loss of a sense of self? Do you struggle with feeling disconnected from yourself and others? Do you wonder if life should feel somehow better and happier? Now more than ever, people are feeling overwhelmed, anxious, and uncertain about how to manage their lives, relationships, and careers. Let me be the torch to help you light the way to learning to set boundaries, work through a loss, and life transitions, or help you change a pattern of behavior that keeps you stuck. We offer an inclusive, safe space with in-person or virtual appointments today!
(984) 464-8504 x102 View (984) 464-8504 x102
Photo of Samonia Lay Barrett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Samonia Lay Barrett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27707
You're here, welcome! I am not sure what your needs are yet, but I am eager to hear, learn and embrace. Thank you for taking the first step in considering the option of therapy. I believe that it takes bravery to realize that help is needed and even more courage to take that first step in receiving it.
You're here, welcome! I am not sure what your needs are yet, but I am eager to hear, learn and embrace. Thank you for taking the first step in considering the option of therapy. I believe that it takes bravery to realize that help is needed and even more courage to take that first step in receiving it.
(919) 769-6823 View (919) 769-6823
Photo of Jessica Souza, Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate in Durham, NC
Jessica Souza
Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate, LCMHCA, LCAS-A, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27701
Not accepting new clients
I am deeply committed to providing you with the support and guidance you need to navigate life's challenges. I approach therapy with empathy, respect, and a non-judgmental stance, creating a safe and nurturing space where you can freely express your thoughts and feelings. I am dedicated to understanding your unique needs and tailoring our sessions to address your specific concerns. Through our work together, I aim to empower you to gain insights, develop coping strategies, and make positive changes in your life. My goal is to foster your emotional well-being and help you reach your fullest potential.
I am deeply committed to providing you with the support and guidance you need to navigate life's challenges. I approach therapy with empathy, respect, and a non-judgmental stance, creating a safe and nurturing space where you can freely express your thoughts and feelings. I am dedicated to understanding your unique needs and tailoring our sessions to address your specific concerns. Through our work together, I aim to empower you to gain insights, develop coping strategies, and make positive changes in your life. My goal is to foster your emotional well-being and help you reach your fullest potential.
(919) 500-7798 View (919) 500-7798
Photo of Cherish Williams, Psychologist in Durham, NC
Cherish Williams
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27713
Everyone could use a little more grace. Sometimes that grace requires seeking professional guidance and support. My approach is to meet a person at their level of comfort with therapy and collaborate with them to reach their goals.
Everyone could use a little more grace. Sometimes that grace requires seeking professional guidance and support. My approach is to meet a person at their level of comfort with therapy and collaborate with them to reach their goals.
(919) 726-0250 View (919) 726-0250
Photo of John H Mahoney, Counselor in Durham, NC
John H Mahoney
Counselor, LCMHCA, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27707
My role as therapist is to act as your partner in treatment and help you work toward your goals. I work to support and guide you while we investigate thoughts, feelings and behaviors together that may be interfering with your success and happiness. Prior to my clinical career I spent over a decade as a behavioral neuroscientist in academic, pharmaceutical, and biotech settings. This work informs my therapeutic style. I have an eclectic theoretical orientation with a behavioral focus towards Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). I utilize a psychodynamic lens to explore the origins of symptoms.
My role as therapist is to act as your partner in treatment and help you work toward your goals. I work to support and guide you while we investigate thoughts, feelings and behaviors together that may be interfering with your success and happiness. Prior to my clinical career I spent over a decade as a behavioral neuroscientist in academic, pharmaceutical, and biotech settings. This work informs my therapeutic style. I have an eclectic theoretical orientation with a behavioral focus towards Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). I utilize a psychodynamic lens to explore the origins of symptoms.
(919) 849-3135 View (919) 849-3135
Photo of Meredith L Burger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Meredith L Burger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-A
Verified Verified
Durham, NC 27713
Life can be challenging, and everyone faces times when they need support and guidance to navigate its difficulties. This is especially true when the problems we are dealing with feel too big to be fixed. I’m here to provide a safe and supportive environment where we can work together to help you achieve your goals and live the life you want to live. Every individual is unique and my therapeutic approach incorporates different tools and frameworks to best support each of my clients. I am deeply committed to creating a collaborative and inclusive space for you to explore your strengths and identity without fear of judgment.
Life can be challenging, and everyone faces times when they need support and guidance to navigate its difficulties. This is especially true when the problems we are dealing with feel too big to be fixed. I’m here to provide a safe and supportive environment where we can work together to help you achieve your goals and live the life you want to live. Every individual is unique and my therapeutic approach incorporates different tools and frameworks to best support each of my clients. I am deeply committed to creating a collaborative and inclusive space for you to explore your strengths and identity without fear of judgment.
(984) 223-9338 View (984) 223-9338
Photo of Stephanie English, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Durham, NC
Stephanie English
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Durham, NC 27707
I provide services to individuals in a supportive environment where we can navigate through the difficult transitions that life presents. I truly believe in the healing power of therapy and have seen firsthand the positive impact therapy can have in a person's life. I am honored to take on life's challenges with you by providing support, guidance, and comfort.
I provide services to individuals in a supportive environment where we can navigate through the difficult transitions that life presents. I truly believe in the healing power of therapy and have seen firsthand the positive impact therapy can have in a person's life. I am honored to take on life's challenges with you by providing support, guidance, and comfort.
(919) 213-0225 View (919) 213-0225

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Durham, NC

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Durham, NC who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
70% Coping Skills
70% Stress
67% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% BlueCross and BlueShield
71% Aetna
51% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Durham, NC see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
17% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Durham?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.