Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Joe Zarate-Sanderlin, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Joe Zarate-Sanderlin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94110
Is your communication suffering? Think about it for a moment. Are you communicating well with others? With yourself? What happens when communication is: Misunderstood Misguided Missing? Successful relationships require effort, though they need not be difficult. Stress, anger, anxiety, and depression can affect your satisfaction. If you improve your communication with yourself and others, then you have a better chance at more satisfying relationships. And that is where I can help. I specialize in working with individuals, couples, and more than couples to improve communication and deepen their relationships.
Is your communication suffering? Think about it for a moment. Are you communicating well with others? With yourself? What happens when communication is: Misunderstood Misguided Missing? Successful relationships require effort, though they need not be difficult. Stress, anger, anxiety, and depression can affect your satisfaction. If you improve your communication with yourself and others, then you have a better chance at more satisfying relationships. And that is where I can help. I specialize in working with individuals, couples, and more than couples to improve communication and deepen their relationships.
(415) 539-0171 View (415) 539-0171
Photo of Miya G Yung @ The Connective, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Francisco, CA
Miya G Yung @ The Connective
Pre-Licensed Professional, ACSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
Hi, I'm Miya! I specialize in working with LGBTQ+, Asian American & Pacific Islander, and other POC/immigrant communities. I support clients who are exploring their identities, processing trauma and grief, making sense of family patterns and cultural influences, struggling with anxiety or depression, or just wanting to become a better version of themselves.
Hi, I'm Miya! I specialize in working with LGBTQ+, Asian American & Pacific Islander, and other POC/immigrant communities. I support clients who are exploring their identities, processing trauma and grief, making sense of family patterns and cultural influences, struggling with anxiety or depression, or just wanting to become a better version of themselves.
(628) 345-5836 View (628) 345-5836
Photo of Nina Anderson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Nina Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94127
Adoption Collective is committed to providing ethical and competent specialized services for all members of the adoption constellation. Nina Anderson, LCSW offers Counseling, Education, and Consultation Services in the area of Adoption and Family Formation. As the founder of Adoption Collective, Nina recognized the need for personalized support for those involved in the adoption process. Nina provides counseling to pre-adoptive and adoptive parents, expectant/birth parents, and adoptees, and supports Post Adoption Contact Relationships.
Adoption Collective is committed to providing ethical and competent specialized services for all members of the adoption constellation. Nina Anderson, LCSW offers Counseling, Education, and Consultation Services in the area of Adoption and Family Formation. As the founder of Adoption Collective, Nina recognized the need for personalized support for those involved in the adoption process. Nina provides counseling to pre-adoptive and adoptive parents, expectant/birth parents, and adoptees, and supports Post Adoption Contact Relationships.
(415) 993-6226 View (415) 993-6226
Photo of Lyle Smith, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Lyle Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94110  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
You wake up in the morning and immediately want to go back to sleep. You feel overwhelmed and exhausted by everyday microaggressions and outright bigotry. You want acceptance and understanding, but it just seems like nothing will ever change. You feel isolated, anxious, and afraid for the future. If this sounds familiar, I want you to know that you are not alone. Help is available. I specialize in working with clients across the LGBTQAI+ spectrum on issues such as being true to oneself, managing anger, self-harming behaviors, trauma, and neurodiversity.
You wake up in the morning and immediately want to go back to sleep. You feel overwhelmed and exhausted by everyday microaggressions and outright bigotry. You want acceptance and understanding, but it just seems like nothing will ever change. You feel isolated, anxious, and afraid for the future. If this sounds familiar, I want you to know that you are not alone. Help is available. I specialize in working with clients across the LGBTQAI+ spectrum on issues such as being true to oneself, managing anger, self-harming behaviors, trauma, and neurodiversity.
(415) 853-9264 View (415) 853-9264
Photo of Dr. Cammy Froude | Bliss In Being, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Dr. Cammy Froude | Bliss In Being
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
Are you looking for relief from stress, worry, insomnia, or low mood? Has your partnership lost its sparkle? Does your body feel on edge and exhausted? Life doesn’t have to be so hard. Let’s work together and achieve the goals that have been just out of reach. E-mail me today and let's schedule a free consult. During that consult, we will discuss your strengths and the barriers that have held you back. Together, we will develop a customized program to meet your exact needs. All of our programs include top-tier, evidence-based interventions, like EMDR, Gottman Couple Method, Cognitive Processing, and more. Call to schedule!
Are you looking for relief from stress, worry, insomnia, or low mood? Has your partnership lost its sparkle? Does your body feel on edge and exhausted? Life doesn’t have to be so hard. Let’s work together and achieve the goals that have been just out of reach. E-mail me today and let's schedule a free consult. During that consult, we will discuss your strengths and the barriers that have held you back. Together, we will develop a customized program to meet your exact needs. All of our programs include top-tier, evidence-based interventions, like EMDR, Gottman Couple Method, Cognitive Processing, and more. Call to schedule!
(415) 942-1716 View (415) 942-1716
Photo of Dr. Christina M. Charlotin, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Dr. Christina M. Charlotin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94108
In our work together, my intention is to help you break away from the maladaptive thought patterns, emotions, actions, and external circumstances that keep you stuck in an unwanted experience. My goal is to help you create progress towards the life you do want for yourself. I’ll want to understand the changes you’d like to see in yourself. With this in mind, I’ll want to identify the behaviors you’d like to demonstrate, the lasting emotions you’d like to feel, and the outcomes you’d like to see present themselves in your life. With that information, we'll set the overall goals for therapy. Now providing Psychedelic Assisted Therapy.
In our work together, my intention is to help you break away from the maladaptive thought patterns, emotions, actions, and external circumstances that keep you stuck in an unwanted experience. My goal is to help you create progress towards the life you do want for yourself. I’ll want to understand the changes you’d like to see in yourself. With this in mind, I’ll want to identify the behaviors you’d like to demonstrate, the lasting emotions you’d like to feel, and the outcomes you’d like to see present themselves in your life. With that information, we'll set the overall goals for therapy. Now providing Psychedelic Assisted Therapy.
(628) 201-6946 View (628) 201-6946
Photo of Amanda Lockie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Amanda Lockie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94110
My name is Amanda Lockie, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I have 17 years of experience in the social work field, 4 years in clinical therapy practice. I approach therapy from a somatic experiences' focus, connecting mind-body responses to facilitate healing. I connect well with adult individuals who are experiencing adult burnout, being overwhelmed with work, parenting, health changes, or life in general. I am sensitive to sensory overwhelm and highly sensitive person.
My name is Amanda Lockie, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I have 17 years of experience in the social work field, 4 years in clinical therapy practice. I approach therapy from a somatic experiences' focus, connecting mind-body responses to facilitate healing. I connect well with adult individuals who are experiencing adult burnout, being overwhelmed with work, parenting, health changes, or life in general. I am sensitive to sensory overwhelm and highly sensitive person.
(415) 849-3904 View (415) 849-3904
Photo of Erene Soliman, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Erene Soliman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
Dr. Erene Soliman is a Psychologist in California who has been practicing since 2007. Dr. Soliman believes in the process of change and will help her clients to move in a positive direction. Dr. Soliman believes that change is a process, and it depends on an individual's needs and where an individual is with relation to the stages of change. Outside of work, Dr. Soliman enjoys exercise and socializing with family and friends.
Dr. Erene Soliman is a Psychologist in California who has been practicing since 2007. Dr. Soliman believes in the process of change and will help her clients to move in a positive direction. Dr. Soliman believes that change is a process, and it depends on an individual's needs and where an individual is with relation to the stages of change. Outside of work, Dr. Soliman enjoys exercise and socializing with family and friends.
(628) 313-4281 View (628) 313-4281
Photo of Jessica L Davis, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Jessica L Davis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
I work with couples, groups, and individuals that feel ready to examine their inner world and outer relationships, perhaps feeling stuck in low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, or confusion. Clients who wish to explore issues around stress, overwhelm, relationships, identity, sexuality, spirituality, psychedelics, or trauma often resonate with my style of psychotherapy. I offer couples and individuals a warm environment that is supportive, collaborative, and direct. Building a relationship that has a safe space for tough and untouchable topics is essential to my work.
I work with couples, groups, and individuals that feel ready to examine their inner world and outer relationships, perhaps feeling stuck in low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, or confusion. Clients who wish to explore issues around stress, overwhelm, relationships, identity, sexuality, spirituality, psychedelics, or trauma often resonate with my style of psychotherapy. I offer couples and individuals a warm environment that is supportive, collaborative, and direct. Building a relationship that has a safe space for tough and untouchable topics is essential to my work.
(341) 999-7319 View (341) 999-7319
Photo of Kinship Counseling Collective, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Kinship Counseling Collective
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94103  (Online Only)
We work with all different types of people and issues. Kinship Counseling Collective's mission is to provide our clients with culturally relevant therapy, creative choices, and genuine connections. We want to inspire you to deepen and lead your healing journey and acquire the tools to live a more liberated life.
We work with all different types of people and issues. Kinship Counseling Collective's mission is to provide our clients with culturally relevant therapy, creative choices, and genuine connections. We want to inspire you to deepen and lead your healing journey and acquire the tools to live a more liberated life.
(415) 903-9201 View (415) 903-9201
Photo of Stephen Chen, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Stephen Chen
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94122
I believe every person has a unique story, and my open, compassionate approach reflects my respect and desire to help. In working together, we will create a therapy plan tailored around your coping style, relational patterns, and most importantly- your goals. No matter what you come in for (anxiety, depression, stress, relationship issues, identity questions, personality issues, career issues, etc.), I will meet you where you are in life, and work actively to understand your situation and collaborate on the best treatment plan.
I believe every person has a unique story, and my open, compassionate approach reflects my respect and desire to help. In working together, we will create a therapy plan tailored around your coping style, relational patterns, and most importantly- your goals. No matter what you come in for (anxiety, depression, stress, relationship issues, identity questions, personality issues, career issues, etc.), I will meet you where you are in life, and work actively to understand your situation and collaborate on the best treatment plan.
(415) 301-4037 View (415) 301-4037
Photo of Leanne Spagnola, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Leanne Spagnola
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
The therapeutic relationship is the biggest indicator of successful outcomes in therapy. I'm glad you are here in search of the right therapist for you. I work from a trauma-informed psychodynamic perspective. I focus on the nature and quality of the relationships in your life, past and present, to identify strengths, pain points, patterns, and connections. When appropriate, I utilize principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Narrative Therapy, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to assist you in moving toward your goals.
The therapeutic relationship is the biggest indicator of successful outcomes in therapy. I'm glad you are here in search of the right therapist for you. I work from a trauma-informed psychodynamic perspective. I focus on the nature and quality of the relationships in your life, past and present, to identify strengths, pain points, patterns, and connections. When appropriate, I utilize principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Narrative Therapy, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to assist you in moving toward your goals.
(628) 336-4062 View (628) 336-4062
Photo of Tasha Jackson, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Tasha Jackson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102  (Online Only)
Sometimes we all need a little support. Whether you’re struggling with work, navigating personal issues, going through a break up, or dealing with a past trauma—you are not alone. For many, it helps to talk with a professional to get a new perspective. If you’re new to therapy, my practice is a welcoming safe space for anyone who wants to “get un-stuck,” (whatever that may mean for you).
Sometimes we all need a little support. Whether you’re struggling with work, navigating personal issues, going through a break up, or dealing with a past trauma—you are not alone. For many, it helps to talk with a professional to get a new perspective. If you’re new to therapy, my practice is a welcoming safe space for anyone who wants to “get un-stuck,” (whatever that may mean for you).
(628) 313-4090 View (628) 313-4090
Photo of Yafah Franco, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Yafah Franco
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94116
Unresolved conflicts, sadness, worries, relationship dissatisfaction, divorce, destructive behaviors, loss, trauma, or other adverse life experiences. These moments can torment the best of us. You are not alone. What you are going through now is a chapter in your book, but certainly not the whole story. You are looking for assistance in understanding yourself more deeply, ways to better cope with change and find the happiness, balance and calm you need.
Unresolved conflicts, sadness, worries, relationship dissatisfaction, divorce, destructive behaviors, loss, trauma, or other adverse life experiences. These moments can torment the best of us. You are not alone. What you are going through now is a chapter in your book, but certainly not the whole story. You are looking for assistance in understanding yourself more deeply, ways to better cope with change and find the happiness, balance and calm you need.
(628) 228-6516 View (628) 228-6516
Photo of Niketa Kumar, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Niketa Kumar
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94104
I specialize in working with underrepresented populations, particularly those who work in tech. This includes people of color, women, LGBTQ folk, first- and second-generation immigrants, and first-generation college students, to name a few. The issues that people commonly come to see me for include depression, anxiety, identity issues, low self-esteem and confidence, work stress, and dating/relationship stress.
I specialize in working with underrepresented populations, particularly those who work in tech. This includes people of color, women, LGBTQ folk, first- and second-generation immigrants, and first-generation college students, to name a few. The issues that people commonly come to see me for include depression, anxiety, identity issues, low self-esteem and confidence, work stress, and dating/relationship stress.
(415) 237-6374 View (415) 237-6374
Photo of Paul L Bowman, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Paul L Bowman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
We all struggle at times to learn from life and to become our best selves. As a young man I pursued a variety of strategies, healthy and unhealthy, to cope with my own struggles. I think we all do that. When I entered into psychotherapy for the first time I found the help that I needed to learn and to grow and to overcome the struggles that had been so overwhelming for me. I became a psychologist to pass on what had been so helpful for me.
We all struggle at times to learn from life and to become our best selves. As a young man I pursued a variety of strategies, healthy and unhealthy, to cope with my own struggles. I think we all do that. When I entered into psychotherapy for the first time I found the help that I needed to learn and to grow and to overcome the struggles that had been so overwhelming for me. I became a psychologist to pass on what had been so helpful for me.
(415) 858-6481 View (415) 858-6481
Photo of Kathlynn Gates, Associate Clinical Social Worker in San Francisco, CA
Kathlynn Gates
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ASW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
Are you experiencing challenges dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship/family issues, and trauma/PTSD? Due to these symptoms, we can be in too much emotional pain and feel too stuck to reframe our perceptions or to find solutions to our problems. Childhood or recent trauma can cause emotional distress that can be difficult to process. I am here to support you in working through unresolved trauma and guide you toward healing. Therefore, you can feel empowered, rejuvenated, and enthusiastic about life again.
Are you experiencing challenges dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship/family issues, and trauma/PTSD? Due to these symptoms, we can be in too much emotional pain and feel too stuck to reframe our perceptions or to find solutions to our problems. Childhood or recent trauma can cause emotional distress that can be difficult to process. I am here to support you in working through unresolved trauma and guide you toward healing. Therefore, you can feel empowered, rejuvenated, and enthusiastic about life again.
(415) 943-5956 View (415) 943-5956
Photo of Joanna Sargalska-Gelin, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Joanna Sargalska-Gelin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94131
Have you been feeling increasingly on edge, easily distracted, or irritable? Do you catch yourself overanalyzing and questioning decisions or interactions with other people? Do you feel disconnected, lonely, or unsure of yourself? These are all natural feelings, and we all struggle sometimes. But occasionally life throws one thing too many at us and moving forward requires a little more work. This can be especially true if you have recently experienced a significant life change, such as relationship break up, death of a loved one, career change, or welcoming a child. Therapy can offer the needed support and change of perspective.
Have you been feeling increasingly on edge, easily distracted, or irritable? Do you catch yourself overanalyzing and questioning decisions or interactions with other people? Do you feel disconnected, lonely, or unsure of yourself? These are all natural feelings, and we all struggle sometimes. But occasionally life throws one thing too many at us and moving forward requires a little more work. This can be especially true if you have recently experienced a significant life change, such as relationship break up, death of a loved one, career change, or welcoming a child. Therapy can offer the needed support and change of perspective.
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Photo of Bay Area CBT Center, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Bay Area CBT Center
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
Do you feel overwhelmed by challenging relationships with loved ones, friends, or coworkers? Do you feel anxious or depressed, or struggle with low self-esteem, OCD, or the effects of trauma? Are you seeking a way to live a meaningful life that reflects your values? The Bay Area CBT Center is a group practice of behavioral therapists dedicated to providing high quality evidence-based treatments. Our integrative approach allows us to apply principles from the most up to date research-based treatments while adapting these tools to meet your unique needs and build an authentic relationship with you.
Do you feel overwhelmed by challenging relationships with loved ones, friends, or coworkers? Do you feel anxious or depressed, or struggle with low self-esteem, OCD, or the effects of trauma? Are you seeking a way to live a meaningful life that reflects your values? The Bay Area CBT Center is a group practice of behavioral therapists dedicated to providing high quality evidence-based treatments. Our integrative approach allows us to apply principles from the most up to date research-based treatments while adapting these tools to meet your unique needs and build an authentic relationship with you.
(415) 991-6818 View (415) 991-6818
Photo of Gina Nobuko Ramos, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Gina Nobuko Ramos
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
16 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
Moving towards the life you desire involves the cultivation of self-acceptance, curiosity, and renewal. The gradual unfolding of what you explore, allows you to become more familiar with resolving your concerns. This inquiry of exploration deepens the gradual awakening of finding, and following your inner wisdom, inviting conscious change in your life. You may be dealing with difficulties which are preventing you from achieving your goals. Sometimes, overwhelming emotions, challenging situations, or unexpected transitions leave you feeling in need of extra support.
Moving towards the life you desire involves the cultivation of self-acceptance, curiosity, and renewal. The gradual unfolding of what you explore, allows you to become more familiar with resolving your concerns. This inquiry of exploration deepens the gradual awakening of finding, and following your inner wisdom, inviting conscious change in your life. You may be dealing with difficulties which are preventing you from achieving your goals. Sometimes, overwhelming emotions, challenging situations, or unexpected transitions leave you feeling in need of extra support.
(415) 522-0707 View (415) 522-0707

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.