Therapists in San Diego, CA

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Photo of Julie Kyker, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Julie Kyker
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103
COUPLES: Are you struggling with feeling close and connected with your partner or other loved ones? Do you feel like you get caught in the same cycle over little (and big) topics? Do you want to become best friends and lovers again? INDIVIDUALS: Do you want to feel more free to be yourself? More confident in your choices? Perhaps there are some emotional wounds that need healing and/or you need to feel less alone with yourself and with those you love. ALL: Do you want to love and respect the opposite sex (or your own) better? Feel safer in relationships again? It's never too late to uncover your true self and to truly live.
COUPLES: Are you struggling with feeling close and connected with your partner or other loved ones? Do you feel like you get caught in the same cycle over little (and big) topics? Do you want to become best friends and lovers again? INDIVIDUALS: Do you want to feel more free to be yourself? More confident in your choices? Perhaps there are some emotional wounds that need healing and/or you need to feel less alone with yourself and with those you love. ALL: Do you want to love and respect the opposite sex (or your own) better? Feel safer in relationships again? It's never too late to uncover your true self and to truly live.
(619) 376-1135 View (619) 376-1135
Photo of Lisa Card Strong, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Lisa Card Strong
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
Choosing to participate in therapy requires significant courage. It takes guts to ponder the question of whether and when it’s the right time to explore, understand, and create solutions. When you can embrace this courage, you feel relieved and inspired to live a more fulfilling life consistent with your values. Awareness of and understanding your behavioral patterns inspires you to transform your life. It is never too late to transform and grow. Change exists as a constant in our lives, and I embrace the opportunity to assist others in navigating through challenges, finding meaning, and improving life satisfaction.
Choosing to participate in therapy requires significant courage. It takes guts to ponder the question of whether and when it’s the right time to explore, understand, and create solutions. When you can embrace this courage, you feel relieved and inspired to live a more fulfilling life consistent with your values. Awareness of and understanding your behavioral patterns inspires you to transform your life. It is never too late to transform and grow. Change exists as a constant in our lives, and I embrace the opportunity to assist others in navigating through challenges, finding meaning, and improving life satisfaction.
(619) 536-1425 View (619) 536-1425
Photo of Azita Hickey, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Azita Hickey
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
13 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92129  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist working with adults. I utilize evidenced based treatment modalities to help you manage stress, depression, anxiety, grief, identity conflicts, and perinatal mental health. I can help you navigate relationship difficulties, managing chronic stress, conquering perfectionism, and finding the balance you seek in life. Life is full of transitions, and I'm dedicated to being your support through them all, whether you're facing graduation, considering a career change, navigating the complexities of breakups and relationships, or dealing with the with the uncertainties of parenthood and fertility.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist working with adults. I utilize evidenced based treatment modalities to help you manage stress, depression, anxiety, grief, identity conflicts, and perinatal mental health. I can help you navigate relationship difficulties, managing chronic stress, conquering perfectionism, and finding the balance you seek in life. Life is full of transitions, and I'm dedicated to being your support through them all, whether you're facing graduation, considering a career change, navigating the complexities of breakups and relationships, or dealing with the with the uncertainties of parenthood and fertility.
(619) 771-0514 View (619) 771-0514
Photo of Julie Hassler, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Diego, CA
Julie Hassler
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPC, LPCC, LMHC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92123  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Our relationships can provide us feelings of connection and safety, and give our lives meaning and purpose. They can also bring us pain and disappointment. Is your relationship in trouble? I specialize with issues that can result within relationships, from premarital to divorce, as well as blended family concerns. Whether communication issues, unresolvable conflict, infidelity/affair, addiction, abuse or mental health issues have affected your connection and attunement, I can give you the tools to turn things around in the present and the techniques to provide consistent connection in the future.
Our relationships can provide us feelings of connection and safety, and give our lives meaning and purpose. They can also bring us pain and disappointment. Is your relationship in trouble? I specialize with issues that can result within relationships, from premarital to divorce, as well as blended family concerns. Whether communication issues, unresolvable conflict, infidelity/affair, addiction, abuse or mental health issues have affected your connection and attunement, I can give you the tools to turn things around in the present and the techniques to provide consistent connection in the future.
(619) 826-0665 View (619) 826-0665
Photo of Sarah Mugford, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Diego, CA
Sarah Mugford
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, AMFT, APC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92121
My experience has given me the privilege to work with adults of all ages and adolescents with co-occurring disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, addictive disorders, and some personality disorders. I have a passion for working with young people and their families to get through difficult times. I often work with folx who are survivors of trauma including PTSD and CPTSD. I am knowledgeable in many subcultures, sexualities and societal challenges that face many individuals.
My experience has given me the privilege to work with adults of all ages and adolescents with co-occurring disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, addictive disorders, and some personality disorders. I have a passion for working with young people and their families to get through difficult times. I often work with folx who are survivors of trauma including PTSD and CPTSD. I am knowledgeable in many subcultures, sexualities and societal challenges that face many individuals.
(858) 682-1460 View (858) 682-1460
Photo of Christy Panter, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Christy Panter
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92130
Christy Panter treats patients starting at 12 year old. Christy Panter earned her Master's Degree in the MFT program at the University of San Francisco in 1999. She has been practicing family therapy for five years and has special interest in the areas of depression, anxiety disorders, and low self esteem among adolescents. Christy is also experienced in sport Psychology and has written a workbook, Mind Works. Christy is a member of the California Association of Marriage and Family Therapists and enjoys working with people of all age groups.
Christy Panter treats patients starting at 12 year old. Christy Panter earned her Master's Degree in the MFT program at the University of San Francisco in 1999. She has been practicing family therapy for five years and has special interest in the areas of depression, anxiety disorders, and low self esteem among adolescents. Christy is also experienced in sport Psychology and has written a workbook, Mind Works. Christy is a member of the California Association of Marriage and Family Therapists and enjoys working with people of all age groups.
(858) 261-5445 View (858) 261-5445
Photo of Christina Chopin, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Diego, CA
Christina Chopin
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92110
Hello! I am Christina Chopin, a certified IASIS Microcurrent Neurofeedback practitioner and a self-proclaimed “brain geek”. I have a passion for helping individuals shake their unhelpful thought patterns, find a sense of clarity and help them to see how malleable and flexible their brain really is. Through my own journey suffering from a serious car accident and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), I understood quickly the impact that expertise and connection have when people are struggling with medical and mental health issues. And the impact microcurrent neuro feedback can have.
Hello! I am Christina Chopin, a certified IASIS Microcurrent Neurofeedback practitioner and a self-proclaimed “brain geek”. I have a passion for helping individuals shake their unhelpful thought patterns, find a sense of clarity and help them to see how malleable and flexible their brain really is. Through my own journey suffering from a serious car accident and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), I understood quickly the impact that expertise and connection have when people are struggling with medical and mental health issues. And the impact microcurrent neuro feedback can have.
(619) 758-3082 View (619) 758-3082
Photo of Laura Magno, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Laura Magno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
I work with individuals who struggle with depression, anxiety, mood disorders, ADHD, self-esteem, trauma, life transitions, relational challenges and more. Maybe you’ve had a recent painful experience or just feel ‘stuck’ in general. Let’s work together to get you back on track.
I work with individuals who struggle with depression, anxiety, mood disorders, ADHD, self-esteem, trauma, life transitions, relational challenges and more. Maybe you’ve had a recent painful experience or just feel ‘stuck’ in general. Let’s work together to get you back on track.
(858) 519-8002 View (858) 519-8002
Photo of Tom Stone Carlson, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Tom Stone Carlson
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92109
As a narrative therapist, I take a positive approach to therapy; helping clients build on their strengths and resources as a foundation for change. I believe that therapy can offer clients much more than a band aid for their problems but that it can help transform their lives and relationships in meaningful ways. I believe that therapy does not need to be a long-term process and encourage clients to take an active part in therapy.
As a narrative therapist, I take a positive approach to therapy; helping clients build on their strengths and resources as a foundation for change. I believe that therapy can offer clients much more than a band aid for their problems but that it can help transform their lives and relationships in meaningful ways. I believe that therapy does not need to be a long-term process and encourage clients to take an active part in therapy.
(619) 432-3663 View (619) 432-3663
Photo of Margaret Miller, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Margaret Miller, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101
Life is a series of obstacles in which we are challenged to grow in order to overcome. With a collaborative, holistic approach we can work together to achieve success in attaining your highest quality of life. I believe in the synergy between mind, body and spirit in order to create peace within. In a safe, loving, and unconditionally accepting environment I will work to help empower you to successfully navigate any concerns related to; relational distress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, grief and loss, addiction, physical and emotional abuse, self-defeating behavioral patterns, and any experienced mental and spiritual suffering.
Life is a series of obstacles in which we are challenged to grow in order to overcome. With a collaborative, holistic approach we can work together to achieve success in attaining your highest quality of life. I believe in the synergy between mind, body and spirit in order to create peace within. In a safe, loving, and unconditionally accepting environment I will work to help empower you to successfully navigate any concerns related to; relational distress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, grief and loss, addiction, physical and emotional abuse, self-defeating behavioral patterns, and any experienced mental and spiritual suffering.
(551) 224-0613 View (551) 224-0613
Cynthia Christiansen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92131
I have been in the mental health field for 17 years. I currently specialize in pornography and sex addiction, being certified in this area. I work with children, adolescents, families, and couples. I am a Christian therapist with a Cognitive Behavioral perspective, working with individuals who suffer from ADHD, Eating Disorders, Depression, Anxiety, as well as other mood disorder. I have evening and weekend hours available.
I have been in the mental health field for 17 years. I currently specialize in pornography and sex addiction, being certified in this area. I work with children, adolescents, families, and couples. I am a Christian therapist with a Cognitive Behavioral perspective, working with individuals who suffer from ADHD, Eating Disorders, Depression, Anxiety, as well as other mood disorder. I have evening and weekend hours available.
(619) 457-6165 View (619) 457-6165
Photo of Julia Parkinson, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Diego, CA
Julia Parkinson
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
I believe that our lives are shaped by the stories we tell ourselves, and that these stories are informed by our unique cultural, societal, and relational background. Sometimes these stories can leave us feeling stuck in painful patterns, hopeless about the future, and disconnected in our relationships. I specialize in working with individuals and couples to unravel and challenge these unhelpful narratives, give voice to untold stories, and free up space to choose new ways of living that align with your values, hopes, and longings in life.
I believe that our lives are shaped by the stories we tell ourselves, and that these stories are informed by our unique cultural, societal, and relational background. Sometimes these stories can leave us feeling stuck in painful patterns, hopeless about the future, and disconnected in our relationships. I specialize in working with individuals and couples to unravel and challenge these unhelpful narratives, give voice to untold stories, and free up space to choose new ways of living that align with your values, hopes, and longings in life.
(619) 552-3747 View (619) 552-3747
Photo of Johanna, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Johanna Johanna
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Not Verified Not Verified
San Diego, CA 92111
The therapy experience is a unique and dynamic process for each individual toward self-realization. From a client-centered strengths-based orientation, it is my goal to create a safe environment with unconditional positive regard where each person can feel welcomed, understood, and accepted as their true self. I specialize in working with adolescents, adults, and couples. I have completed the Level II Certified Clinical Trauma Professional.
The therapy experience is a unique and dynamic process for each individual toward self-realization. From a client-centered strengths-based orientation, it is my goal to create a safe environment with unconditional positive regard where each person can feel welcomed, understood, and accepted as their true self. I specialize in working with adolescents, adults, and couples. I have completed the Level II Certified Clinical Trauma Professional.
(619) 457-4434 View (619) 457-4434
Photo of Aileen Tran, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Diego, CA
Aileen Tran
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
Waitlist for new clients
My expertise lies in child and teen therapy, however, I'm also here to provide compassionate counseling for adults navigating life's complexities.
My expertise lies in child and teen therapy, however, I'm also here to provide compassionate counseling for adults navigating life's complexities.
(619) 492-4943 View (619) 492-4943
Photo of Terry Wilke, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Terry Wilke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92117
I am a Cognitive Behavioral Solution Focused therapist with over 30 years of experience providing services to children, teens, young adults and families dealing with stress/anxiety, improving self esteem, managing with ADHD, and dealing with school issues. Together we will use a strength based approach to work toward specific emotional or behavioral goals. I engage with children and families through play therapy activities and teens/young adults through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) talk therapy activities.
I am a Cognitive Behavioral Solution Focused therapist with over 30 years of experience providing services to children, teens, young adults and families dealing with stress/anxiety, improving self esteem, managing with ADHD, and dealing with school issues. Together we will use a strength based approach to work toward specific emotional or behavioral goals. I engage with children and families through play therapy activities and teens/young adults through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) talk therapy activities.
(619) 648-3668 View (619) 648-3668
Photo of Kaity Wilson, Associate Professional Clinical Counselor in San Diego, CA
Kaity Wilson
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, APCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92108
Do you find yourself struggling to thrive in your day to day life due to a trauma you have experienced in the past or recently? Do you feel stuck and want to move forward, but aren't sure how? Do you want to feel well and whole again, or maybe for the first time ever? I love to guide people on the road to healing from their trauma by teaching them how to tune into their whole self - mind, body, soul, and spirit - in order to help them find reconnection and restoration. I believe that we all have the potential to heal and reset our lives when provided a safe place to process, reclaim our autonomy, and become empowered.
Do you find yourself struggling to thrive in your day to day life due to a trauma you have experienced in the past or recently? Do you feel stuck and want to move forward, but aren't sure how? Do you want to feel well and whole again, or maybe for the first time ever? I love to guide people on the road to healing from their trauma by teaching them how to tune into their whole self - mind, body, soul, and spirit - in order to help them find reconnection and restoration. I believe that we all have the potential to heal and reset our lives when provided a safe place to process, reclaim our autonomy, and become empowered.
(619) 648-2802 View (619) 648-2802
Photo of Veronica Cardenas - Cancer Care Specialist, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Veronica Cardenas - Cancer Care Specialist
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92128  (Online Only)
Everything is different now. Since your cancer diagnosis, your entire life has been turned upside down. The future that once felt so bright and full of potential now seems dark and frightening. Not long ago, your schedule was packed with dinners, dates, and vacations. Now, your calendar is all doctor appointments and hospital visits. The physical exhaustion and side effects of treatment pale in comparison to the emotional toll. You’re constantly wracked with fear over your illness. Loved ones offer support, but they don’t understand what you’re going through. You wonder if you’re going to feel this scared and lost forever.
Everything is different now. Since your cancer diagnosis, your entire life has been turned upside down. The future that once felt so bright and full of potential now seems dark and frightening. Not long ago, your schedule was packed with dinners, dates, and vacations. Now, your calendar is all doctor appointments and hospital visits. The physical exhaustion and side effects of treatment pale in comparison to the emotional toll. You’re constantly wracked with fear over your illness. Loved ones offer support, but they don’t understand what you’re going through. You wonder if you’re going to feel this scared and lost forever.
(858) 533-2745 View (858) 533-2745
Photo of Mei-I Chang, Psy.D., Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Mei-I Chang, Psy.D.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103
Do you feel like you go through the motions of your life, but lack a sense of satisfaction? Are you doing things that don't help you? Do you want to feel closer to those around you? Do you want a greater sense of control? Most of us don't choose to be unhappy or live in pain, but we need help to overcome the obstacles in life. In order to make life changes, you need someone to help identify the problem, develop a plan, and implement decisions. I can help you to use your strengths to overcome your personal challenges.
Do you feel like you go through the motions of your life, but lack a sense of satisfaction? Are you doing things that don't help you? Do you want to feel closer to those around you? Do you want a greater sense of control? Most of us don't choose to be unhappy or live in pain, but we need help to overcome the obstacles in life. In order to make life changes, you need someone to help identify the problem, develop a plan, and implement decisions. I can help you to use your strengths to overcome your personal challenges.
(619) 333-8746 View (619) 333-8746
Photo of Dr. Amy Sparks, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Dr. Amy Sparks
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92130  (Online Only)
Do you ever find yourself living in fear and going down rabbit holes in your head? Do you base your well being, enjoyment and serenity on what is going on with those around you? If you are a parent, do you put yourself and your well being last and subscribe to thoughts such as "I am only as happy as my least happy child or family member"? Are you convinced it is more important to spend money on getting therapy or help for your child or loved ones and not on yourself? Are you a parent or family member of someone who is part of the LGBTQ+ community or someone who is struggling with addiction or other mental illnesses?
Do you ever find yourself living in fear and going down rabbit holes in your head? Do you base your well being, enjoyment and serenity on what is going on with those around you? If you are a parent, do you put yourself and your well being last and subscribe to thoughts such as "I am only as happy as my least happy child or family member"? Are you convinced it is more important to spend money on getting therapy or help for your child or loved ones and not on yourself? Are you a parent or family member of someone who is part of the LGBTQ+ community or someone who is struggling with addiction or other mental illnesses?
(858) 923-4907 View (858) 923-4907
Photo of Andy Truong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Andy Truong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
Seeking therapy takes courage and strength. Are you experiencing feeling stuck due to childhood trauma? I am here to provide you with unconditional support to process through your anxiety, depression, and other unresolved feelings at your pace. Sometimes we may need someone who is there for us and there are no problems in life that are too big or small. You have taken the first step to seek help, I can help you discover your inner strength to bounce back and deep inside you may be wishing for peace and equilibrium. As a therapist, I aim to help you reach those goals together to bring about inner peace.
Seeking therapy takes courage and strength. Are you experiencing feeling stuck due to childhood trauma? I am here to provide you with unconditional support to process through your anxiety, depression, and other unresolved feelings at your pace. Sometimes we may need someone who is there for us and there are no problems in life that are too big or small. You have taken the first step to seek help, I can help you discover your inner strength to bounce back and deep inside you may be wishing for peace and equilibrium. As a therapist, I aim to help you reach those goals together to bring about inner peace.
(619) 752-2233 View (619) 752-2233

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Diego, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in San Diego, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
71% Self Esteem
66% Relationship Issues
66% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
62% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Diego, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Diego?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.