Therapists in Portsmouth, NH

Photo of Nicole Bandera, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Nicole Bandera
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Do you remember the confusion of your teen years and the worries about "growing up"? Stressful, right? Being a teenager and emerging adult can feel overwhelming at times. There is so much to navigate with school, family, friend groups, relationships, peer pressure, social media, identity, work, expectations, life goals...adulting! Sometimes all of this mental clutter can be paralyzing and keep your young person feeling stuck. If you are looking for some extra support, I can help.
Do you remember the confusion of your teen years and the worries about "growing up"? Stressful, right? Being a teenager and emerging adult can feel overwhelming at times. There is so much to navigate with school, family, friend groups, relationships, peer pressure, social media, identity, work, expectations, life goals...adulting! Sometimes all of this mental clutter can be paralyzing and keep your young person feeling stuck. If you are looking for some extra support, I can help.
(978) 768-8330 View (978) 768-8330
Photo of Catherine Watters, Pre-Licensed Professional in Portsmouth, NH
Catherine Watters
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Connection has been found to be the biggest determinant of social, emotional and physical health and well-being. I believe that we are experts of our own lived experiences and seek to connect with clients to help them identify the link between challenging experiences, thoughts, emotions, and behaviors and offer strategies to better cope with those situations. My training has centered on a strengths-based, empowering approach with the guiding principles of my practice being one of empathy, compassion, kindness, and respect.
Connection has been found to be the biggest determinant of social, emotional and physical health and well-being. I believe that we are experts of our own lived experiences and seek to connect with clients to help them identify the link between challenging experiences, thoughts, emotions, and behaviors and offer strategies to better cope with those situations. My training has centered on a strengths-based, empowering approach with the guiding principles of my practice being one of empathy, compassion, kindness, and respect.
(833) 987-6897 View (833) 987-6897
Photo of Kim Cote, Pre-Licensed Professional in Portsmouth, NH
Kim Cote
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Accepting new In-person and Telehealth Clients at Mending Minds Counseling PLLC in Portsmouth, NH. I am a pre-licensed Clinical Mental Health therapist with several years of experience facilitating growth in adults, children and families seeking support for a variety of mental health issues. My experience is as follows but is not limited too; stress management, Anxiety, Depression, Mood Disorders, Eating Disorders, OCD and Behavioral Disorders. I can assist individuals in identifying their problem(s) and working towards solutions to help live a more fulfilling and manageable life.
Accepting new In-person and Telehealth Clients at Mending Minds Counseling PLLC in Portsmouth, NH. I am a pre-licensed Clinical Mental Health therapist with several years of experience facilitating growth in adults, children and families seeking support for a variety of mental health issues. My experience is as follows but is not limited too; stress management, Anxiety, Depression, Mood Disorders, Eating Disorders, OCD and Behavioral Disorders. I can assist individuals in identifying their problem(s) and working towards solutions to help live a more fulfilling and manageable life.
(833) 358-0469 View (833) 358-0469
Photo of Peg Correia, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Portsmouth, NH
Peg Correia
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MEd, MLADC, CCFC, CCDVC
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Waitlist for new clients
Offering EMDR therapy in person or online. Ketamine Assisted Therapy in person. I am an EMDR therapist who specializes in working with clients who are struggling with issues such as trauma (sexual abuse, family violence, combat trauma, accidents, natural disasters), attachment and/or addiction. I am an EMDRIA Approved Consultant. I provide groups and individual services for therapists wanting to enhance their EMDR therapy practice both on-line and in person. Other areas of expertise include Substance Use Disorders.
Offering EMDR therapy in person or online. Ketamine Assisted Therapy in person. I am an EMDR therapist who specializes in working with clients who are struggling with issues such as trauma (sexual abuse, family violence, combat trauma, accidents, natural disasters), attachment and/or addiction. I am an EMDRIA Approved Consultant. I provide groups and individual services for therapists wanting to enhance their EMDR therapy practice both on-line and in person. Other areas of expertise include Substance Use Disorders.
(603) 718-3945 View (603) 718-3945
Photo of Melissa Tarbox, Pre-Licensed Professional in Portsmouth, NH
Melissa Tarbox
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MFT
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Not accepting new clients
Maya Angelou said, “do the best you can until you know better and when you know better, do better.” It's never too late to meet your authentic self & do better. Healing requires surrender, & when we let go of the familiar we make room for something greater. As a Marriage & Family Therapist, I provide a safe & secure space for everyone to peel back layers & explore their inner world so they can heal. I provide insight toward better ways of being human that are in alignment with the true self. We are all unique & deeply gifted human beings, & I strive to empower every person I work with to discover their true unlimited potential.
Maya Angelou said, “do the best you can until you know better and when you know better, do better.” It's never too late to meet your authentic self & do better. Healing requires surrender, & when we let go of the familiar we make room for something greater. As a Marriage & Family Therapist, I provide a safe & secure space for everyone to peel back layers & explore their inner world so they can heal. I provide insight toward better ways of being human that are in alignment with the true self. We are all unique & deeply gifted human beings, & I strive to empower every person I work with to discover their true unlimited potential.
(603) 945-5481 View (603) 945-5481
Photo of Marieke Kat, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Marieke Kat
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
Throughout our lives we are strengthened, not defined, by our experiences. Some experiences are welcomed and enjoyed and others are challenging and even devastating at times. The work for all of us in this life is to learn how to cope with and grow from our experiences while empowering ourselves and others to create more positive ones. We can do this by staying mindful and connected to the strength and stability within us. I believe we have an innate need and ability to connect and feel a sense of unconditional acceptance and this is what therapy can offer.
Throughout our lives we are strengthened, not defined, by our experiences. Some experiences are welcomed and enjoyed and others are challenging and even devastating at times. The work for all of us in this life is to learn how to cope with and grow from our experiences while empowering ourselves and others to create more positive ones. We can do this by staying mindful and connected to the strength and stability within us. I believe we have an innate need and ability to connect and feel a sense of unconditional acceptance and this is what therapy can offer.
(617) 903-8017 View (617) 903-8017
Photo of Kelly L Fournier, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Kelly L Fournier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, PLLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portsmouth, NH 03801
No one person is immune to the trials and tribulations of life ; sometimes a quiet space to explore the ups and downs presented throughout our lifespan can prove helpful in decreasing stress and any unsettled feelings as a result of being overwhelmed - by utilizing therapeutic intervention to address concerns associated with maladaptive coping & overall mental health - the goal is to guide you in living your best life possible!
No one person is immune to the trials and tribulations of life ; sometimes a quiet space to explore the ups and downs presented throughout our lifespan can prove helpful in decreasing stress and any unsettled feelings as a result of being overwhelmed - by utilizing therapeutic intervention to address concerns associated with maladaptive coping & overall mental health - the goal is to guide you in living your best life possible!
(603) 319-4545 View (603) 319-4545
Photo of Catherine Fatina, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Catherine Fatina
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, SEP
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Not accepting new clients
I love my work and am in awe of the individuals I work with who courageously address the hurts in their life that prevent them from living more fully. It maybe a crisis in a relationship, ongoing anxiety or depression, a painful trauma, or an inner sense that things are just not right. Together we pay attention to these feelings, enabling them to be talked about, more fully experienced and then understood. This transformative process can restore joy and resilience in life, as well as improve the capacity to care about oneself and be in relationship with others.
I love my work and am in awe of the individuals I work with who courageously address the hurts in their life that prevent them from living more fully. It maybe a crisis in a relationship, ongoing anxiety or depression, a painful trauma, or an inner sense that things are just not right. Together we pay attention to these feelings, enabling them to be talked about, more fully experienced and then understood. This transformative process can restore joy and resilience in life, as well as improve the capacity to care about oneself and be in relationship with others.
(603) 819-4214 View (603) 819-4214
Photo of Emily Woodall, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Emily Woodall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
My therapy practice is dedicated to creating a safe, affirming space where you can explore self-discovery and personal growth. I believe that therapy should be tailored to each individual's unique journey, rather than a one-size-fits-all approach. My focus is on building a strong therapeutic relationship, ensuring that you feel seen and heard throughout our work together. I integrate techniques from cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness, and strengths-based frameworks. I have a particular passion for supporting young adults and parents of young adults as they navigate the challenges and opportunities of this life stage.
My therapy practice is dedicated to creating a safe, affirming space where you can explore self-discovery and personal growth. I believe that therapy should be tailored to each individual's unique journey, rather than a one-size-fits-all approach. My focus is on building a strong therapeutic relationship, ensuring that you feel seen and heard throughout our work together. I integrate techniques from cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness, and strengths-based frameworks. I have a particular passion for supporting young adults and parents of young adults as they navigate the challenges and opportunities of this life stage.
(603) 782-0480 View (603) 782-0480
Photo of Lesley White, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Lesley White
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
As a clinical social worker, my goal is to provide a safe and trusting environment where you feel understood. My approach to therapy is centered around identifying your needs, honoring your feelings, and building on your strengths. I currently offer individual therapy to adults treating depression, anxiety, adjustment to life changes, relationship issues, and women’s issues.
As a clinical social worker, my goal is to provide a safe and trusting environment where you feel understood. My approach to therapy is centered around identifying your needs, honoring your feelings, and building on your strengths. I currently offer individual therapy to adults treating depression, anxiety, adjustment to life changes, relationship issues, and women’s issues.
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Photo of Seth Wizwer, Counselor in Portsmouth, NH
Seth Wizwer
Counselor, LCMHC, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portsmouth, NH 03801
I find that a client is best served when they are listened to, validated, but also challenged to make positive change. That is why I take a cognitive behavioral approach to the counseling I do. Whether the client is a child or adult we all have the ability to learn from the past and make different choices for the future.
I find that a client is best served when they are listened to, validated, but also challenged to make positive change. That is why I take a cognitive behavioral approach to the counseling I do. Whether the client is a child or adult we all have the ability to learn from the past and make different choices for the future.
(603) 244-3370 View (603) 244-3370
Photo of Sandra Yarne, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Sandra Yarne
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
I work best with individuals who prefer a therapist to be interactive and collaborative. I strive to support you emotionally and challenge you to experiment with new ways of thinking and behaving which increase happiness and life satisfaction. The nature of your presenting problem can vary from a recent disruption in a significant relationship to life-long difficulties with anxiety, depression, mood swings or childhood trauma. All these problems can be helped with self understanding and acceptance along with specific behavioral interventions to ease your pain and suffering.
I work best with individuals who prefer a therapist to be interactive and collaborative. I strive to support you emotionally and challenge you to experiment with new ways of thinking and behaving which increase happiness and life satisfaction. The nature of your presenting problem can vary from a recent disruption in a significant relationship to life-long difficulties with anxiety, depression, mood swings or childhood trauma. All these problems can be helped with self understanding and acceptance along with specific behavioral interventions to ease your pain and suffering.
(603) 685-3062 View (603) 685-3062
Photo of Kelsey Irving, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portsmouth, NH
Kelsey Irving
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MSEd
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Are you sick of the constant chatter in your head? The what-ifs and worst case scenarios? With years of experience treating anxiety, I can help you disrupt those repetitive anxious thoughts. Whatever the nature of your intrusive thoughts, you will never be met with shock or judgment from me. I've worked with hundreds of clients just like you and helped them to feel liberated from fear and worry. I aim to help my clients shift from a pattern of fear-based decisions to values-based decisions. Starting therapy can be intimidating but if you wait until you "feel ready," it might never happen! Message me today!
Are you sick of the constant chatter in your head? The what-ifs and worst case scenarios? With years of experience treating anxiety, I can help you disrupt those repetitive anxious thoughts. Whatever the nature of your intrusive thoughts, you will never be met with shock or judgment from me. I've worked with hundreds of clients just like you and helped them to feel liberated from fear and worry. I aim to help my clients shift from a pattern of fear-based decisions to values-based decisions. Starting therapy can be intimidating but if you wait until you "feel ready," it might never happen! Message me today!
(603) 326-4334 View (603) 326-4334
Photo of Tracie Warner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
Tracie Warner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
My practice is currently full, but I'm happy to provide approximate wait time on openings. I have deep appreciation for the strength it takes to reach out for support when life becomes overwhelming, stressful or we find ourselves stuck. Recognizing that we might be in need of support can be difficult, I see it as a bold and courageous endeavor that can lead to a happier and more enriched life. I utilize an eclectic approach in my practice to support my clients with managing a variety of mental health issues, to assist in finding symptom relief, to work towards achieving improved relationships and overall increased life satisfaction.
My practice is currently full, but I'm happy to provide approximate wait time on openings. I have deep appreciation for the strength it takes to reach out for support when life becomes overwhelming, stressful or we find ourselves stuck. Recognizing that we might be in need of support can be difficult, I see it as a bold and courageous endeavor that can lead to a happier and more enriched life. I utilize an eclectic approach in my practice to support my clients with managing a variety of mental health issues, to assist in finding symptom relief, to work towards achieving improved relationships and overall increased life satisfaction.
(603) 392-7907 View (603) 392-7907
Photo of Anita Remig, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Anita Remig
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Psychotherapy supports personal growth and emotional strength; it helps people solve problems and it builds motivation to get life-work done. I meet each person at their unique place on life's journey to discover how they want to grow. I support and promote growth. My specialty is psychotherapy with all adults. I work with people who have depression, bipolar, anxiety, insomnia, ADHD, PTSD, Eating Disorders. I have skills helping those with emotional problems, family conflict and relationship stress. A trusting relationship with a psychologist can help you know yourself better, set goals and create change. No Advantage Plans.
Psychotherapy supports personal growth and emotional strength; it helps people solve problems and it builds motivation to get life-work done. I meet each person at their unique place on life's journey to discover how they want to grow. I support and promote growth. My specialty is psychotherapy with all adults. I work with people who have depression, bipolar, anxiety, insomnia, ADHD, PTSD, Eating Disorders. I have skills helping those with emotional problems, family conflict and relationship stress. A trusting relationship with a psychologist can help you know yourself better, set goals and create change. No Advantage Plans.
(603) 605-1249 View (603) 605-1249
Photo of Amy Blackburn, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
Amy Blackburn
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
I am a licensed clinical psychologist in both NH and Mass. I have worked with children, adolescents, and families for more than 30 years in many different settings including public and independent schools, colleges, hospitals, and private and group practice. I have much experience working with adults, children, and adolescents in outpatient settings, and I understand schools and the myriad issues that can arise in schools. I am a thoughtful, warm professional with a good sense of humor. My approach is solution-focused and I integrate various treatment modalities, tailoring my approach to meet the individual needs of my clients.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist in both NH and Mass. I have worked with children, adolescents, and families for more than 30 years in many different settings including public and independent schools, colleges, hospitals, and private and group practice. I have much experience working with adults, children, and adolescents in outpatient settings, and I understand schools and the myriad issues that can arise in schools. I am a thoughtful, warm professional with a good sense of humor. My approach is solution-focused and I integrate various treatment modalities, tailoring my approach to meet the individual needs of my clients.
(857) 271-5231 View (857) 271-5231
Photo of Kate Schwaegerle, Pre-Licensed Professional in Portsmouth, NH
Kate Schwaegerle
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MFT
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
As a therapist, my goal is to help my clients reach a level of self-empowerment and self-awareness, fostering a therapeutic environment that provides a sense of security while exploring the unique experiences and elements of a client's life. I strive to create a non-judgemental space in which to process difficulties and engage in self-discovery, self-acceptance, personal growth and work towards lasting change. I approach therapy with an open and collaborative mindset, recognizing that as life unfolds we face many challenges, and each person must find their own path.
As a therapist, my goal is to help my clients reach a level of self-empowerment and self-awareness, fostering a therapeutic environment that provides a sense of security while exploring the unique experiences and elements of a client's life. I strive to create a non-judgemental space in which to process difficulties and engage in self-discovery, self-acceptance, personal growth and work towards lasting change. I approach therapy with an open and collaborative mindset, recognizing that as life unfolds we face many challenges, and each person must find their own path.
(978) 712-9659 View (978) 712-9659
Photo of The Couples Center / Couplespeak™: Susan Lager, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portsmouth, NH
The Couples Center / Couplespeak™: Susan Lager
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, BCD, CPC
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
Waitlist for new clients
I provide a wide array of services for married and unmarried, heterosexual and same-sex partners at all stages of the coupling process. I'm passionate about helping individuals and couples to develop necessary skills and knowledge to achieve their highest potential for joy, growth, and problem-solving. I also know that not every relationship can be saved, and work with those clients, individually or together, who need to let go as amicably as possible. *I am also a Certified Discernment Counselor providing specialized brief treatment for couples presenting with ambivalence about staying married or getting divorced.
I provide a wide array of services for married and unmarried, heterosexual and same-sex partners at all stages of the coupling process. I'm passionate about helping individuals and couples to develop necessary skills and knowledge to achieve their highest potential for joy, growth, and problem-solving. I also know that not every relationship can be saved, and work with those clients, individually or together, who need to let go as amicably as possible. *I am also a Certified Discernment Counselor providing specialized brief treatment for couples presenting with ambivalence about staying married or getting divorced.
(603) 262-1792 View (603) 262-1792
Photo of Michelle Houle, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Portsmouth, NH
Michelle Houle
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MLADC
Verified Verified
Portsmouth, NH 03801
I'm so glad that you took the step to find a therapist to help you in your struggles! Life can be hectic and overwhelming and when you're struggling with issues such as trauma, depression, anxiety, separation/divorce, substances, issues with your children, the overwhelming feelings can feel like too much. I'm here to help you in dealing with these struggles. You don't have to continue to carry these issues alone.
I'm so glad that you took the step to find a therapist to help you in your struggles! Life can be hectic and overwhelming and when you're struggling with issues such as trauma, depression, anxiety, separation/divorce, substances, issues with your children, the overwhelming feelings can feel like too much. I'm here to help you in dealing with these struggles. You don't have to continue to carry these issues alone.
(508) 928-4190 View (508) 928-4190
Photo of William B Gunn, Psychologist in Portsmouth, NH
William B Gunn
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portsmouth, NH 03801
I work with individuals and couples who are in distress and want to develop a "better self" in their work lives, their relationships, and in their view of themselves. I believe we all have the ability to heal ourselves from painful circumstances. As a therapist I work to co-create a safe environment and relationship in which clients can explore difficult topics and create meaningful change.
I work with individuals and couples who are in distress and want to develop a "better self" in their work lives, their relationships, and in their view of themselves. I believe we all have the ability to heal ourselves from painful circumstances. As a therapist I work to co-create a safe environment and relationship in which clients can explore difficult topics and create meaningful change.
(978) 712-9155 View (978) 712-9155

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Portsmouth, NH

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Portsmouth, NH who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
85% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
64% Stress
62% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
58% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Portsmouth, NH see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Portsmouth?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.