Therapists in Richardson, TX

Photo of Alicia Kientz, LPC Associate in Richardson, TX
Alicia Kientz
LPC Associate, MAC, LPC-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75081
My goal is to be a space of compassion and kindness for you while you bravely choose to pursue change and healing in your life. I believe that you are the expert on your life and ultimately, you are the one who holds the ability and power to bring about the change that you are seeking. I believe that you are a holistic individual - meaning that every part of you impacts the other. Mind, body, soul, relationships, work, your history and your future – all of it is connected to the other. We will move at your pace, in a way that is safe and kind for you. Baby steps are still steps!
My goal is to be a space of compassion and kindness for you while you bravely choose to pursue change and healing in your life. I believe that you are the expert on your life and ultimately, you are the one who holds the ability and power to bring about the change that you are seeking. I believe that you are a holistic individual - meaning that every part of you impacts the other. Mind, body, soul, relationships, work, your history and your future – all of it is connected to the other. We will move at your pace, in a way that is safe and kind for you. Baby steps are still steps!
(972) 645-4634 View (972) 645-4634
Photo of Janine Holloway, Marriage & Family Therapist in Richardson, TX
Janine Holloway
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LMHC
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080  (Online Only)
Each of us sees life through a certain set of lenses. I am especially curious about how my clients view themselves and those they love. I help clients discover how their earliest relationships may be influencing their relationships today. In addition, I support clients working through any grief they are experiencing from relationship losses due to physical death, divorce, or addiction. These kinds of discoveries create options, and more flexibility in how people respond emotionally and behaviorally today
Each of us sees life through a certain set of lenses. I am especially curious about how my clients view themselves and those they love. I help clients discover how their earliest relationships may be influencing their relationships today. In addition, I support clients working through any grief they are experiencing from relationship losses due to physical death, divorce, or addiction. These kinds of discoveries create options, and more flexibility in how people respond emotionally and behaviorally today
(214) 972-1562 View (214) 972-1562
Photo of Dawn Toudouze, Psychologist in Richardson, TX
Dawn Toudouze
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
Not accepting new clients
I provide client-centered and evidenced-based counseling and psychotherapy to individuals struggling with various life stressors, self-esteem, anxiety, depression and post-trauma stress. I also specialize in working with clients with acquired brain injuries (i.e. stroke and TBI), dementia, as well as individuals with chronic illnesses.
I provide client-centered and evidenced-based counseling and psychotherapy to individuals struggling with various life stressors, self-esteem, anxiety, depression and post-trauma stress. I also specialize in working with clients with acquired brain injuries (i.e. stroke and TBI), dementia, as well as individuals with chronic illnesses.
(469) 336-3876 View (469) 336-3876
Photo of Josh Hawkins, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Josh Hawkins
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-S, RPT-S, CCPT-S , CHST
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
Hello! Whether you are needing help with the overwhelming process of finding a counselor or are ready to get started I’d love to help. I provide a non-judgemental environment to express your feelings and learn positive coping mechanisms to succeed and gain self-awareness providing self growth. I earned my doctorate degree in Counseling from Texas A&M University-Commerce where I received specialty training in Play Therapy, Activity Therapy, Child-Adolescent-Adult Therapy, Group Therapy, and Family Counseling. I specialize in working with children through adults in helping them grow through mental health issues and life changes.
Hello! Whether you are needing help with the overwhelming process of finding a counselor or are ready to get started I’d love to help. I provide a non-judgemental environment to express your feelings and learn positive coping mechanisms to succeed and gain self-awareness providing self growth. I earned my doctorate degree in Counseling from Texas A&M University-Commerce where I received specialty training in Play Therapy, Activity Therapy, Child-Adolescent-Adult Therapy, Group Therapy, and Family Counseling. I specialize in working with children through adults in helping them grow through mental health issues and life changes.
(469) 291-9469 View (469) 291-9469
Photo of Holding Hope DFW, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Holding Hope DFW
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
Sometimes life's hardships require additional support. Struggles like anxiety, depression, as well as major life/role changes like motherhood can leave us feeling hopeless and confused. Tiffany Amerson, MA, LPC's role is to come alongside women, adolescents, & couples in order to provide a safe place for hope, healing, and restoration to take root so that you can thrive.
Sometimes life's hardships require additional support. Struggles like anxiety, depression, as well as major life/role changes like motherhood can leave us feeling hopeless and confused. Tiffany Amerson, MA, LPC's role is to come alongside women, adolescents, & couples in order to provide a safe place for hope, healing, and restoration to take root so that you can thrive.
(214) 214-4689 View (214) 214-4689
Photo of Benjamin Griffin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Benjamin Griffin
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75081
Benjamin Griffin is a licensed professional counselor in the state of Texas. He received his master's degree in counseling from Southern Methodist University in 2017. He has vast experience in treating depression, anxiety, PTSD, substance abuse, life adjustment issues, family conflict, and relationship issues.
Benjamin Griffin is a licensed professional counselor in the state of Texas. He received his master's degree in counseling from Southern Methodist University in 2017. He has vast experience in treating depression, anxiety, PTSD, substance abuse, life adjustment issues, family conflict, and relationship issues.
(214) 972-3690 View (214) 972-3690
Photo of Kelly Knight, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Kelly Knight
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75081  (Online Only)
Chronic pain and illness can impact all aspects of a person’s life. They can be physically and mentally debilitating and directly affect relationships, work, finances, confidence, and ability to complete even simple daily tasks. If you are having trouble managing symptoms of pain, illness, side effects from treatment, or feeling stressed, worried, or isolated, you are not alone. Millions of people are struggling with health issues, and those around them don’t always understand, don’t know how to help, or both. It can be overwhelming and difficult to handle on your own.
Chronic pain and illness can impact all aspects of a person’s life. They can be physically and mentally debilitating and directly affect relationships, work, finances, confidence, and ability to complete even simple daily tasks. If you are having trouble managing symptoms of pain, illness, side effects from treatment, or feeling stressed, worried, or isolated, you are not alone. Millions of people are struggling with health issues, and those around them don’t always understand, don’t know how to help, or both. It can be overwhelming and difficult to handle on your own.
(469) 608-2346 View (469) 608-2346
Photo of Saundra Rush Monroe, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Saundra Rush Monroe
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75082
Saundra is a Licensed Professional Counselor- Supervisor who works at Lifeologie in the Richardson office. Saundra works with clients throughout the lifespan but primarily sees children and adolescents ages 3-17. Saundra works in individual sessions, groups, and family settings. Saundra earned most of her clinical experience in children’s advocacy centers. She has worked with children and families who were survivors of abuse experiencing trauma symptoms. Saundra has also worked in private practice dealing primarily with adolescents who were with dealing with depression, anxiety, LGBTQ+ issues, and families.
Saundra is a Licensed Professional Counselor- Supervisor who works at Lifeologie in the Richardson office. Saundra works with clients throughout the lifespan but primarily sees children and adolescents ages 3-17. Saundra works in individual sessions, groups, and family settings. Saundra earned most of her clinical experience in children’s advocacy centers. She has worked with children and families who were survivors of abuse experiencing trauma symptoms. Saundra has also worked in private practice dealing primarily with adolescents who were with dealing with depression, anxiety, LGBTQ+ issues, and families.
(214) 761-6271 View (214) 761-6271
Photo of Tricia Gordon, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Tricia Gordon
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
Are you stressed about your teen's actions and behaviors? Are you afraid your frequent conflicts with your teen will push him/her further away from you? Has drug and alcohol use became an "unwelcomed guest" in your home and your teen's life? You are not alone. Research states the adolescent development stage can be a difficult time for the adolescent as well as the parent. It is an important and crucial season for you and your teen - a time of significant growth, change and transition in your teen's brain, physical, social, and emotional being.
Are you stressed about your teen's actions and behaviors? Are you afraid your frequent conflicts with your teen will push him/her further away from you? Has drug and alcohol use became an "unwelcomed guest" in your home and your teen's life? You are not alone. Research states the adolescent development stage can be a difficult time for the adolescent as well as the parent. It is an important and crucial season for you and your teen - a time of significant growth, change and transition in your teen's brain, physical, social, and emotional being.
(972) 351-8032 View (972) 351-8032
Maria E Parides
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
I would like to take this opportunity to welcome you to my practice. I am a bilingual/multicultural Family Therapist specializing in individual, couples and family psychotherapy maintaining a warm and welcoming private practice in Richardson, Texas. It is my goal to provide the highest quality psychotherapeutic and consultation services tailored to your unique and specific needs. I invite you to contact me today to discuss how to begin your new journey. I have flexible schedule to enhance our commitment to serve you. Whenever possible, same or next day appointments are available.
I would like to take this opportunity to welcome you to my practice. I am a bilingual/multicultural Family Therapist specializing in individual, couples and family psychotherapy maintaining a warm and welcoming private practice in Richardson, Texas. It is my goal to provide the highest quality psychotherapeutic and consultation services tailored to your unique and specific needs. I invite you to contact me today to discuss how to begin your new journey. I have flexible schedule to enhance our commitment to serve you. Whenever possible, same or next day appointments are available.
(972) 468-9852 View (972) 468-9852
Photo of Ruth Long, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Ruth Long
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, SRT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
I enjoy working with clients who have reached a place in their lives where they're looking for a better quality of life and need to address those issues that may be interfering with that goal. My goal is to walk along side you on this journey. We will work together through the ups and downs until we reach that place you've wanted to be.
I enjoy working with clients who have reached a place in their lives where they're looking for a better quality of life and need to address those issues that may be interfering with that goal. My goal is to walk along side you on this journey. We will work together through the ups and downs until we reach that place you've wanted to be.
(817) 380-1403 View (817) 380-1403
Photo of Rachel Meltzer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Rachel Meltzer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75081
At times, everyone feels overwhelmed by stressors, life transitions, grief or anger. Change and healing doesn't happen in isolation and we all need help at some point. My clients range from 10 yrs old and up. My approach is strongly grounded in cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavior therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy ( ACT). Clients are encouraged to identify what’s important to them and learn ways to move toward their values. Addressing how thoughts drive feelings and behavior and creating new ways to relate with our thoughts and feelings. I'm always amazed and privileged when clients report that a different perspective has greatly altered their lives for the better, especially in the midst of tremendous life stressors. My approach alligns evidenced based research with each individual's goals to improve both emotional well being and connections.
At times, everyone feels overwhelmed by stressors, life transitions, grief or anger. Change and healing doesn't happen in isolation and we all need help at some point. My clients range from 10 yrs old and up. My approach is strongly grounded in cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavior therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy ( ACT). Clients are encouraged to identify what’s important to them and learn ways to move toward their values. Addressing how thoughts drive feelings and behavior and creating new ways to relate with our thoughts and feelings. I'm always amazed and privileged when clients report that a different perspective has greatly altered their lives for the better, especially in the midst of tremendous life stressors. My approach alligns evidenced based research with each individual's goals to improve both emotional well being and connections.
(972) 362-9959 View (972) 362-9959
Photo of Dan Kirkland MS, LPC-S Telehealth, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Dan Kirkland MS, LPC-S Telehealth
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MS, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080  (Online Only)
Let's work together to move your life to the place you want it to be. Everyone gets stuck. We can get the ball rolling toward a better life! You can schedule your telehealth session easily by clicking the Schedule Now button on my website. Just pick it and click it! Or, you can call my number and leave a message if that is better for you, and I will return your call. As Level Three trained Gottman Relationship Therapist I will teach you the skills the Gottman Institute says will transform your relationship!
Let's work together to move your life to the place you want it to be. Everyone gets stuck. We can get the ball rolling toward a better life! You can schedule your telehealth session easily by clicking the Schedule Now button on my website. Just pick it and click it! Or, you can call my number and leave a message if that is better for you, and I will return your call. As Level Three trained Gottman Relationship Therapist I will teach you the skills the Gottman Institute says will transform your relationship!
(972) 349-0246 View (972) 349-0246
Photo of Elizabeth Newsom, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richardson, TX
Elizabeth Newsom
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75081
Waitlist for new clients
Do you find that you have dissatisfaction with your life? Are your relationships strained? Is something wrong but you can't place what it is? Do you know what is wrong but just don't know how to fix it? Are your relationships not where you want them? Is your sex life not where you want it? Are you struggling with sexuality and/or gender issues? If find that you identify with any of these questions, Realistic Expectations, PLLC, can help you.
Do you find that you have dissatisfaction with your life? Are your relationships strained? Is something wrong but you can't place what it is? Do you know what is wrong but just don't know how to fix it? Are your relationships not where you want them? Is your sex life not where you want it? Are you struggling with sexuality and/or gender issues? If find that you identify with any of these questions, Realistic Expectations, PLLC, can help you.
(972) 325-5455 View (972) 325-5455
Photo of Rachael Nicole Rosser Schulte, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Rachael Nicole Rosser Schulte
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCS, EMDR
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75081
It has been an honor and a privilege to serve the Lord by coming alongside and counseling the hurting and broken. Christ and His word continue to challenge, encourage, comfort and change me. As an ambassador for Christ, I want to point others towards the God of all comfort by connecting their pain to the hope we have in our Lord that is found in scripture. I have a variety of experience in different mental health settings ranging from inpatient, residential, in-home family therapy, judicial, intensive outpatient, and outpatient treatment. I have worked locally and internationally and in the church setting.
It has been an honor and a privilege to serve the Lord by coming alongside and counseling the hurting and broken. Christ and His word continue to challenge, encourage, comfort and change me. As an ambassador for Christ, I want to point others towards the God of all comfort by connecting their pain to the hope we have in our Lord that is found in scripture. I have a variety of experience in different mental health settings ranging from inpatient, residential, in-home family therapy, judicial, intensive outpatient, and outpatient treatment. I have worked locally and internationally and in the church setting.
(469) 789-1490 View (469) 789-1490
Photo of Carol Floch McColl, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Carol Floch McColl
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
My passion is to give my clients hope; there is light at the end of the tunnel, but we cannot always find our way alone. My personal journey enhances my clinical training, enabling me to come alongside my clients in a supportive relationship of trust, empathy, and compassion to collaboratively navigate the difficult twists and turns of life. I seek to honor the unique design and potential of each individual as I help them explore their personal story, discover new ways to live effectively in the present, and embrace the possibilities of the future. My mini-goldendoodle, Barney, provides emotional support to my clients.
My passion is to give my clients hope; there is light at the end of the tunnel, but we cannot always find our way alone. My personal journey enhances my clinical training, enabling me to come alongside my clients in a supportive relationship of trust, empathy, and compassion to collaboratively navigate the difficult twists and turns of life. I seek to honor the unique design and potential of each individual as I help them explore their personal story, discover new ways to live effectively in the present, and embrace the possibilities of the future. My mini-goldendoodle, Barney, provides emotional support to my clients.
(972) 360-9539 View (972) 360-9539
Photo of Lisa Travis Galliano, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Lisa Travis Galliano
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S, NCC, BCC
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
Waitlist for new clients
We all face challenging and overwhelming times in our lives. These include realizing we are unhappy with life as it is, the concern we'll never be able to live the life we want in order to be happy, stress, grief and loss, unresolved trauma, as well as other issues. I strongly believe that it is not what is wrong with us, it is what happened to us that creates the struggles we have. I use an eclectic, integrated approach to treatment that fits the unique needs of each client. I offer a safe, supportive environment and consider it an honor to work with clients toward healing and achieving the changes they want to make.
We all face challenging and overwhelming times in our lives. These include realizing we are unhappy with life as it is, the concern we'll never be able to live the life we want in order to be happy, stress, grief and loss, unresolved trauma, as well as other issues. I strongly believe that it is not what is wrong with us, it is what happened to us that creates the struggles we have. I use an eclectic, integrated approach to treatment that fits the unique needs of each client. I offer a safe, supportive environment and consider it an honor to work with clients toward healing and achieving the changes they want to make.
(972) 992-5298 View (972) 992-5298
Photo of Doreen Simonian, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Doreen Simonian
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
Life can often be hard and unexpected challenges can happen to anyone. I believe that having the support of someone in our corner can help us discover our unique qualities so we can emerge from difficulties stronger than we ever thought possible. I will provide a compassionate and supportive environment while we embark on your journey of growth and healing. Taking this first step is often very difficult and I invite you to contact me and see if counseling is right for you and if I would be a good fit for your needs.
Life can often be hard and unexpected challenges can happen to anyone. I believe that having the support of someone in our corner can help us discover our unique qualities so we can emerge from difficulties stronger than we ever thought possible. I will provide a compassionate and supportive environment while we embark on your journey of growth and healing. Taking this first step is often very difficult and I invite you to contact me and see if counseling is right for you and if I would be a good fit for your needs.
(972) 441-7066 View (972) 441-7066
Photo of Clare Walters, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Clare Walters
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75082
Not accepting new clients
I am passionate about working with individuals seeking to process and heal from complex trauma whether that is from childhood abuse, abusive relationships, traumatic grief, or a difficult past with your family of origin. I am also passionate about working with adults who suspect they are neurodivergent or have a new diagnosis of ADHD. I am EMDR-Certified.
I am passionate about working with individuals seeking to process and heal from complex trauma whether that is from childhood abuse, abusive relationships, traumatic grief, or a difficult past with your family of origin. I am also passionate about working with adults who suspect they are neurodivergent or have a new diagnosis of ADHD. I am EMDR-Certified.
(469) 966-7928 View (469) 966-7928
Photo of Keith T Cobern, Psychologist in Richardson, TX
Keith T Cobern
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75082
As a provider for Meier Clinics, I believe in treating the whole person - emotionally, physically, and spiritually. I am dedicated to providing Christian counseling in a safe environment where people can work through the issues that are robbing them of satisfaction and enjoyment in life. Working together, lives can be restored to enjoy a more productive, fulfilling, and joyful life.
As a provider for Meier Clinics, I believe in treating the whole person - emotionally, physically, and spiritually. I am dedicated to providing Christian counseling in a safe environment where people can work through the issues that are robbing them of satisfaction and enjoyment in life. Working together, lives can be restored to enjoy a more productive, fulfilling, and joyful life.
(888) 725-4642 View (888) 725-4642

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Richardson, TX

400+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Richardson, TX who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
71% Coping Skills
69% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

71% Aetna
71% BlueCross and BlueShield
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Richardson, TX see their clients

81% In Person and Online
19% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Richardson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.