Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA

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Photo of Frank Bond, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Frank Bond
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Not accepting new clients
We all encounter obstacles in life that tend to take away from our ability to experience our best life- the full and meaningful life that we are capable of realizing. Therapy is about finding freedom from those elements that are interfering with our ability to be our true, authentic self, in a safe and non-judgmental environment. After a long business career, I realized that I was no longer motivated by the same things that I was when I was younger, and decided to make a complete change to the counseling field.
We all encounter obstacles in life that tend to take away from our ability to experience our best life- the full and meaningful life that we are capable of realizing. Therapy is about finding freedom from those elements that are interfering with our ability to be our true, authentic self, in a safe and non-judgmental environment. After a long business career, I realized that I was no longer motivated by the same things that I was when I was younger, and decided to make a complete change to the counseling field.
(757) 703-2182 View (757) 703-2182
Photo of Emily Nayar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Emily Nayar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23455  (Online Only)
Do you ever feel that you're living in the past? Do the thoughts, memories, and dreams keep coming back? Do you always feel that something bad is going to happen? These are some of the affects of trauma. Others can include panic attacks, anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. Unfortunately we can't talk (or logic) our way out of our body and brain's response to trauma, and often we leave talk therapy feeling like we're spinning our wheels. There is good news: we can help your brain and body heal from the trauma so that the past can STAY in the past. Healing is possible, and I'm excited to work with you.
Do you ever feel that you're living in the past? Do the thoughts, memories, and dreams keep coming back? Do you always feel that something bad is going to happen? These are some of the affects of trauma. Others can include panic attacks, anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. Unfortunately we can't talk (or logic) our way out of our body and brain's response to trauma, and often we leave talk therapy feeling like we're spinning our wheels. There is good news: we can help your brain and body heal from the trauma so that the past can STAY in the past. Healing is possible, and I'm excited to work with you.
(757) 260-5059 View (757) 260-5059
Photo of B. Terese Beatty, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
B. Terese Beatty
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CSAC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23455
Waitlist for new clients
I believe individuals have the answers they need within themselves; they just need assistance finding those answers. I understand how hard it is to decide to attend counseling and then actually make the call. It is a vulnerable and healthy first step. Together we will identify what is and is not working for you and develop tools that increase your well-being.
I believe individuals have the answers they need within themselves; they just need assistance finding those answers. I understand how hard it is to decide to attend counseling and then actually make the call. It is a vulnerable and healthy first step. Together we will identify what is and is not working for you and develop tools that increase your well-being.
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Photo of John McAnulty, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
John McAnulty
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23454  (Online Only)
John McAnulty is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), Nationally Certified Counselor (NCC), Internationally Certified Alcohol/Drug Counselor (ICADC), and a Certified Grief Recovery Specialist (CGRS) in the state of Virginia. He has 20 years of experience partnering with adults and couples seeking help with depression, anxiety, life transitions, men’s issues, women's issues, grief, loss, bereavement, healthcare professionals, and relationship issues.
John McAnulty is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), Nationally Certified Counselor (NCC), Internationally Certified Alcohol/Drug Counselor (ICADC), and a Certified Grief Recovery Specialist (CGRS) in the state of Virginia. He has 20 years of experience partnering with adults and couples seeking help with depression, anxiety, life transitions, men’s issues, women's issues, grief, loss, bereavement, healthcare professionals, and relationship issues.
(757) 571-8319 View (757) 571-8319
Photo of Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23451
We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals. We believe you're best served by a therapist passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to helping therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. Working with us, you'll get results.
We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals. We believe you're best served by a therapist passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to helping therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. Working with us, you'll get results.
(757) 797-9019 View (757) 797-9019
Photo of Julie Vogel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Julie Vogel
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23454
My specialties are trauma, family of origin issues, women's issues, parenting, spiritual issues, LGBT, and mood issues, including stress and anger. I pride myself on being an advocate for those who appear to have no voice in our society whether it is due to mental illness, economics, race or culture.
My specialties are trauma, family of origin issues, women's issues, parenting, spiritual issues, LGBT, and mood issues, including stress and anger. I pride myself on being an advocate for those who appear to have no voice in our society whether it is due to mental illness, economics, race or culture.
(757) 231-3584 View (757) 231-3584
Photo of Netsanet Tegegn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Netsanet Tegegn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23454  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
At some point in our lives, we all face challenges we can solve on our own, but there are times that we may need to seek support from a professional who can be objective, supportive, and focused on us... Hi, my name is Net, and I am a seasoned therapist specializing in helping individuals experience a more stable sense of self, change unwanted patterns, and foster healthy relationships. In my practice, I value and strive to create a nurturing and non-judgmental space where my clients can feel supported to actively explore deep personal issues and be empowered to make lasting changes towards the life and the person they want to be!
At some point in our lives, we all face challenges we can solve on our own, but there are times that we may need to seek support from a professional who can be objective, supportive, and focused on us... Hi, my name is Net, and I am a seasoned therapist specializing in helping individuals experience a more stable sense of self, change unwanted patterns, and foster healthy relationships. In my practice, I value and strive to create a nurturing and non-judgmental space where my clients can feel supported to actively explore deep personal issues and be empowered to make lasting changes towards the life and the person they want to be!
(757) 517-8781 x1 View (757) 517-8781 x1
Photo of Brittany Hamilton, Pre-Licensed Professional in Virginia Beach, VA
Brittany Hamilton
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LMHP-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Hi! I’m a Certified Trauma-Informed Coach, Human Rights Consultant, and Certified Prepare/Enrich Facilitator specializing in premarital counseling and supporting young adults through life's transitions.
Hi! I’m a Certified Trauma-Informed Coach, Human Rights Consultant, and Certified Prepare/Enrich Facilitator specializing in premarital counseling and supporting young adults through life's transitions.
(757) 384-1296 View (757) 384-1296
Photo of Suzanne Saltisiak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Suzanne Saltisiak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
I help people who feel like anxiety has taken over their life find a way to take control back and find balance. You could be worried about your teenager figuring out who they are in high school. Maybe you are stuck in that in-between of adolescence and adulthood and trying to take those next steps feels overwhelming. Or you carry the weight of an old relationship and can’t seem to move forward. Perhaps you are trapped by panic and fear… of something new, of talking to people, of making a phone call, of germs or of losing your breath to panic. Or maybe the memories of past trauma haunt you in the present.
I help people who feel like anxiety has taken over their life find a way to take control back and find balance. You could be worried about your teenager figuring out who they are in high school. Maybe you are stuck in that in-between of adolescence and adulthood and trying to take those next steps feels overwhelming. Or you carry the weight of an old relationship and can’t seem to move forward. Perhaps you are trapped by panic and fear… of something new, of talking to people, of making a phone call, of germs or of losing your breath to panic. Or maybe the memories of past trauma haunt you in the present.
(757) 379-8432 View (757) 379-8432
Photo of Sandcastle Kids Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Sandcastle Kids Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, TF-CBT, NCC, CCMHC, PhD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Does your child's behaviors feel overwhelming and seemingly senseless at times? Are you having a difficult time connecting with your child? Has your child been exposed to a traumatic event? If so, I am here to help. I have an unwavering passion for working with children and adolescents who are having a challenging time managing their psychological and emotional well being. I have received specialized training in assisting children in coping with the effects of traumatic experiences in his/her life; this includes extensive education in the method of Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy (TF-CBT).
Does your child's behaviors feel overwhelming and seemingly senseless at times? Are you having a difficult time connecting with your child? Has your child been exposed to a traumatic event? If so, I am here to help. I have an unwavering passion for working with children and adolescents who are having a challenging time managing their psychological and emotional well being. I have received specialized training in assisting children in coping with the effects of traumatic experiences in his/her life; this includes extensive education in the method of Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy (TF-CBT).
(757) 810-7555 View (757) 810-7555
Photo of Beth Hunter, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Beth Hunter
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Waitlist for new clients
I approach counseling from a cognitive behavioral perspective, meaning that I believe that our thoughts produce our feelings and our feelings produce our behaviors. However, I also use EMDR and Internal Family Systems in combination with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to give my clients a range of avenues to find their healing. I try to make every session practical and productive. I have also written a book, "Forgive and Live", which I use in group therapy and has recently been re-written as a video series.
I approach counseling from a cognitive behavioral perspective, meaning that I believe that our thoughts produce our feelings and our feelings produce our behaviors. However, I also use EMDR and Internal Family Systems in combination with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to give my clients a range of avenues to find their healing. I try to make every session practical and productive. I have also written a book, "Forgive and Live", which I use in group therapy and has recently been re-written as a video series.
(757) 351-4899 View (757) 351-4899
Photo of Anew Psychotherapy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Anew Psychotherapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LSATP
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23455
I have over 25 years of experience providing clinical treatment to those individuals with mental illness and substance abuse issues. I have a clinical background that includes diverse settings/populations; residential, median security prison, home-based and outpatient. I intergrate creative approaches in assisting individuals with achieving their goals. My perspective is holistic and, when neccessary or useful I will provide information on community resources to promote optium care. I strive to empower the individual and remain fully engaged and committed during the treatment process. I am extremely dedicated to creating a safe, respectful, and empathic environment that fosters growth.
I have over 25 years of experience providing clinical treatment to those individuals with mental illness and substance abuse issues. I have a clinical background that includes diverse settings/populations; residential, median security prison, home-based and outpatient. I intergrate creative approaches in assisting individuals with achieving their goals. My perspective is holistic and, when neccessary or useful I will provide information on community resources to promote optium care. I strive to empower the individual and remain fully engaged and committed during the treatment process. I am extremely dedicated to creating a safe, respectful, and empathic environment that fosters growth.
(757) 663-5323 View (757) 663-5323
Photo of Rosalind “Roz” Caldwell Stanley, Pastoral Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
Rosalind “Roz” Caldwell Stanley
Pastoral Counselor, MA, LPPC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23455
Roz has been providing counseling as a Licensed Professional Pastoral Counselor for 30 years. Her current focus is Healing of the Soul Ministry (HOSM), a biblically based prayer counseling modality, which she developed. HOSM Ministers help people experience emotional healing from past traumas and soul wounds by addressing negative generational issues, unhealthy/ungodly attachments, beliefs, thoughts, words, vows & judgements, facilitating inner healing and dispensing darkness. “Accepting New Clients” for both Healing of the Soul Ministry and professional pastoral counseling services (Because of Grace) in person and Telehealth.
Roz has been providing counseling as a Licensed Professional Pastoral Counselor for 30 years. Her current focus is Healing of the Soul Ministry (HOSM), a biblically based prayer counseling modality, which she developed. HOSM Ministers help people experience emotional healing from past traumas and soul wounds by addressing negative generational issues, unhealthy/ungodly attachments, beliefs, thoughts, words, vows & judgements, facilitating inner healing and dispensing darkness. “Accepting New Clients” for both Healing of the Soul Ministry and professional pastoral counseling services (Because of Grace) in person and Telehealth.
(757) 996-5327 View (757) 996-5327
Photo of Galadriel Winstead, Psychologist in Virginia Beach, VA
Galadriel Winstead
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
I am a dedicated Clinical Psychologist with over 18 years of experience providing evidenced-based treatment to various client populations. I tend to employ a cognitive behavioral approach to therapy while incorporating experiential strategies such as mindfulness, imagery, and role play. I am energetic, use humor as appropriate and take a direct and transparent approach to treatment. My hope is to provide you with a safe environment to help you reach your goals. I believe in collaboration and value your feedback throughout the treatment process.
I am a dedicated Clinical Psychologist with over 18 years of experience providing evidenced-based treatment to various client populations. I tend to employ a cognitive behavioral approach to therapy while incorporating experiential strategies such as mindfulness, imagery, and role play. I am energetic, use humor as appropriate and take a direct and transparent approach to treatment. My hope is to provide you with a safe environment to help you reach your goals. I believe in collaboration and value your feedback throughout the treatment process.
(757) 742-5002 View (757) 742-5002
Photo of Kevin Bosin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Kevin Bosin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
Do you want to have better control on those emotions that come out of nowhere and weigh you down? Do you need a non judgmental listener to help you face challenges no matter how hard they seem ? Would you like some easy and effective ways to help you gain and maintain control ? Click the "website" link to the left to get on my schedule!
Do you want to have better control on those emotions that come out of nowhere and weigh you down? Do you need a non judgmental listener to help you face challenges no matter how hard they seem ? Would you like some easy and effective ways to help you gain and maintain control ? Click the "website" link to the left to get on my schedule!
(757) 982-8566 View (757) 982-8566
Photo of Scott Schober, Pre-Licensed Professional in Virginia Beach, VA
Scott Schober
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS Ed
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23464
It is my goal to serve clients in meeting their needs and expectations for therapy. We all have our “stuff” that we go through and it is invaluable to have someone to speak with in a non-judgmental and caring manner. Your goals are my goals for therapy.
It is my goal to serve clients in meeting their needs and expectations for therapy. We all have our “stuff” that we go through and it is invaluable to have someone to speak with in a non-judgmental and caring manner. Your goals are my goals for therapy.
(757) 908-6073 View (757) 908-6073
Photo of Catherine Medina, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Virginia Beach, VA
Catherine Medina
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23456
Hi! My name is Catherine Medina, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker practicing in Virginia. My goal is to assist people in living their most fulfilling life by resolving the issues that stand in their way. I have extensive clinical training and experience, and I am excited to make a positive difference in your life! I primarily work with adults and couples. I have extensive experience with adults of all ages and with newlyweds as well as people in long-term relationships. My experience is primarily in treating mood, anxiety, trauma, self-esteem, and relationship issues.
Hi! My name is Catherine Medina, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker practicing in Virginia. My goal is to assist people in living their most fulfilling life by resolving the issues that stand in their way. I have extensive clinical training and experience, and I am excited to make a positive difference in your life! I primarily work with adults and couples. I have extensive experience with adults of all ages and with newlyweds as well as people in long-term relationships. My experience is primarily in treating mood, anxiety, trauma, self-esteem, and relationship issues.
(757) 690-2136 View (757) 690-2136
Photo of J Brian Suchocki, Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia Beach, VA
J Brian Suchocki
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23462
With more than 15 years of therapy experience, I've come to understand that life's challenges are rarely straightforward. Therapy, to me, involves providing guidance and support to individuals navigating through exceptional circumstances. Together, we'll strive to enact the changes that hold utmost significance to you. My aim is to cultivate a secure environment where you feel unequivocally heard and valued.
With more than 15 years of therapy experience, I've come to understand that life's challenges are rarely straightforward. Therapy, to me, involves providing guidance and support to individuals navigating through exceptional circumstances. Together, we'll strive to enact the changes that hold utmost significance to you. My aim is to cultivate a secure environment where you feel unequivocally heard and valued.
(757) 792-8718 View (757) 792-8718
Photo of Christina Hill, Psychologist in Virginia Beach, VA
Christina Hill
Psychologist, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
Virginia Beach, VA 23462  (Online Only)
Welcome to my page! The journey of life can be chaotic for anyone. Regardless of the experiences we have, we all need help at times. I am here to provide support and the skills I have to help you during these difficult times. During my 14 years' experience as a Clinical Psychologist, I discovered the importance of inner awareness and understanding to limit the effect of the past, current stressors, judgment of others, and restraining beliefs. I am passionate about helping others break free from their emotional chains to blossom into the best version of themselves and reach one’s life purpose and potential one step at a time.
Welcome to my page! The journey of life can be chaotic for anyone. Regardless of the experiences we have, we all need help at times. I am here to provide support and the skills I have to help you during these difficult times. During my 14 years' experience as a Clinical Psychologist, I discovered the importance of inner awareness and understanding to limit the effect of the past, current stressors, judgment of others, and restraining beliefs. I am passionate about helping others break free from their emotional chains to blossom into the best version of themselves and reach one’s life purpose and potential one step at a time.
(757) 909-6175 View (757) 909-6175
Photo of Ashley Ryan, Supervisee in Clinical Social Work in Virginia Beach, VA
Ashley Ryan
Supervisee in Clinical Social Work, MSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Virginia Beach, VA 23452
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I work with couples and individuals as they navigate the stressors in their lives. Some days we feel like we are on an island with our struggles. Sometimes, it is hardest to share our challenges with the people we are closest to. My goal is to create a welcoming and non-judgmental space so that you can begin to heal. I believe that therapy can help people meet their challenges and learn how to grow through them. Strengths-based approaches are the foundation to my work. I encourage using your innate strengths to create the life you want to live. We will work together to meet your goals & find the tools to succeed.
Welcome! I work with couples and individuals as they navigate the stressors in their lives. Some days we feel like we are on an island with our struggles. Sometimes, it is hardest to share our challenges with the people we are closest to. My goal is to create a welcoming and non-judgmental space so that you can begin to heal. I believe that therapy can help people meet their challenges and learn how to grow through them. Strengths-based approaches are the foundation to my work. I encourage using your innate strengths to create the life you want to live. We will work together to meet your goals & find the tools to succeed.
(757) 720-7954 View (757) 720-7954

See more therapy options for Virginia Beach

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
90% Depression
76% Self Esteem
73% Coping Skills
72% Stress
71% Relationship Issues
71% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Aetna
75% BlueCross and BlueShield
72% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Virginia Beach, VA see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
13% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Virginia Beach?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.