Therapists in Bethlehem, PA

Photo of Ian Wagner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Ian Wagner
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Not accepting new clients
My belief is that the best clinical tool is the relationship between counselor and client, so I will focus on getting to know you, how you want to live your life and what goals are most important to you. As a gay male of color, I am part of two underserved communities, and I accept and respect the responsibility my position holds. I proudly work with my peers, both LGBT+ and individuals of color.
My belief is that the best clinical tool is the relationship between counselor and client, so I will focus on getting to know you, how you want to live your life and what goals are most important to you. As a gay male of color, I am part of two underserved communities, and I accept and respect the responsibility my position holds. I proudly work with my peers, both LGBT+ and individuals of color.
(610) 646-5079 View (610) 646-5079
Photo of Therapeutic Interventions Counseling LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Therapeutic Interventions Counseling LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18015  (Online Only)
Hello! Thank you for taking the first step in such an important journey of your mental and emotional health! While it can be a difficult process, having the right support should not be a struggle. My personal philosophy centers on the quote, “we’re all just walking each other home.” As a counselor, it is my honor to be a part of my clients' healing journeys and help them on their path toward personal growth. By utilizing multiple therapeutic modalities, I am confident I can assist with the problems you are facing and create a supportive environment that evokes the skills you need to process and heal.
Hello! Thank you for taking the first step in such an important journey of your mental and emotional health! While it can be a difficult process, having the right support should not be a struggle. My personal philosophy centers on the quote, “we’re all just walking each other home.” As a counselor, it is my honor to be a part of my clients' healing journeys and help them on their path toward personal growth. By utilizing multiple therapeutic modalities, I am confident I can assist with the problems you are facing and create a supportive environment that evokes the skills you need to process and heal.
(484) 209-6689 View (484) 209-6689
Photo of Marissa Satterfield, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Marissa Satterfield
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18015  (Online Only)
I'm a licensed therapist in Pennsylvania and have worked as a community based therapist for one decade. I've treated individuals of all ages and their families, addressing issues like managing and healing from conflict, anxiety, stress, depression, trauma, and grief. My approach as a therapist is an integrative one. I pull from all my knowledge and evidence based theories/interventions to offer skills, information, and techniques that are unique to your needs.
I'm a licensed therapist in Pennsylvania and have worked as a community based therapist for one decade. I've treated individuals of all ages and their families, addressing issues like managing and healing from conflict, anxiety, stress, depression, trauma, and grief. My approach as a therapist is an integrative one. I pull from all my knowledge and evidence based theories/interventions to offer skills, information, and techniques that are unique to your needs.
(484) 218-5931 View (484) 218-5931
Photo of Philip Rusche, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Philip Rusche
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Phil has been in private practice settings for over 20 years. His work is primarily in couples therapy across the continuum of their relationship, but also sees families, individual adults and adolescents. He enjoys bringing humor to the setting and is active with clients in challenging their thinking and behavior and truly enjoys working with couples across the continuum of their relationships. Phil also works with establishing/re-establishing good communication skills in order to reduce the possibility of conflict and increasing satisfaction in couple's relationships.
Phil has been in private practice settings for over 20 years. His work is primarily in couples therapy across the continuum of their relationship, but also sees families, individual adults and adolescents. He enjoys bringing humor to the setting and is active with clients in challenging their thinking and behavior and truly enjoys working with couples across the continuum of their relationships. Phil also works with establishing/re-establishing good communication skills in order to reduce the possibility of conflict and increasing satisfaction in couple's relationships.
(610) 228-0181 View (610) 228-0181
Photo of Rana Dimmig, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Rana Dimmig
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, MLSP, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Each of us needs to find a way to interact with our world in the best way we can. Sometimes, things happen that make this difficult. Everyone deserves to have someone listen to them and hear them.
Each of us needs to find a way to interact with our world in the best way we can. Sometimes, things happen that make this difficult. Everyone deserves to have someone listen to them and hear them.
(610) 624-8266 View (610) 624-8266
Photo of Luisa Fernanda Moreno, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Luisa Fernanda Moreno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18020
Luisa Moreno is a licensed master social worker who specializes in holistic health and energy healing. Luisa received her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Penn State University and her Master of Social Work from Marywood University. She is a certified healing touch practitioner and an integrative nutrition health coach who is currently working on her Doctor of Philosophy in Holistic Medicine & Healing Nutrition from the University of Natural Health.
Luisa Moreno is a licensed master social worker who specializes in holistic health and energy healing. Luisa received her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Penn State University and her Master of Social Work from Marywood University. She is a certified healing touch practitioner and an integrative nutrition health coach who is currently working on her Doctor of Philosophy in Holistic Medicine & Healing Nutrition from the University of Natural Health.
(484) 255-8525 View (484) 255-8525
Photo of Alexandra Becker Ostrow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Alexandra Becker Ostrow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I’m a firm believer that we are all carriers of deep, complex life stories. These stories build and shape our inner worlds and can be both elevating and/or burdensome to us. They build our reality and how we place ourselves within it. As a licensed clinical social worker, my work focuses on helping my clients interact with their stories, organize their habits, and shape the mental patterns that they are functioning within. NOTE: All insurance based clients are through Grow Therapy Organization. Please reach out with any questions and for set up.
I’m a firm believer that we are all carriers of deep, complex life stories. These stories build and shape our inner worlds and can be both elevating and/or burdensome to us. They build our reality and how we place ourselves within it. As a licensed clinical social worker, my work focuses on helping my clients interact with their stories, organize their habits, and shape the mental patterns that they are functioning within. NOTE: All insurance based clients are through Grow Therapy Organization. Please reach out with any questions and for set up.
(484) 669-8089 View (484) 669-8089
Photo of Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18015
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
(484) 559-8309 x1 View (484) 559-8309 x1
Photo of Noah K Carroll, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Noah K Carroll
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSS, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020
Hi! I'm Noah, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and therapist. I work with a broad range of clients, and offer individual adult, adolescent and pediatric therapy; couples therapy and family therapy. My clients come to me with a range of needs and goals, but broadly I work with clients to foster healthy relationships, promote mental wellbeing and grit, and develop an overall sense of body-mind wellness. I specialize in the treatment of PTSD and complex trauma, anxiety, depression, mood disorders, complex grief, ADHD, and substance abuse.
Hi! I'm Noah, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and therapist. I work with a broad range of clients, and offer individual adult, adolescent and pediatric therapy; couples therapy and family therapy. My clients come to me with a range of needs and goals, but broadly I work with clients to foster healthy relationships, promote mental wellbeing and grit, and develop an overall sense of body-mind wellness. I specialize in the treatment of PTSD and complex trauma, anxiety, depression, mood disorders, complex grief, ADHD, and substance abuse.
(484) 265-9914 View (484) 265-9914
Photo of Jolene Batarick, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Jolene Batarick
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I specialize in treating eating disorders, trauma and ptsd, grief and loss, chronic pain and substance use issues. I am certified in intuitive therapy for eating disorders and am a certified trauma therapist. I strive to create a safe and nurturing atmosphere in which individuals can express themselves. I believe that compassion, empathy and patience are needed with all patients. I draw on mindfulness, DBT and CBT techniques. I also incorporate play, art and music therapy when appropriate. Each treatment is tailored to each client, so I focus on getting to know you and how you want to live your life, and what is stopping you.
I specialize in treating eating disorders, trauma and ptsd, grief and loss, chronic pain and substance use issues. I am certified in intuitive therapy for eating disorders and am a certified trauma therapist. I strive to create a safe and nurturing atmosphere in which individuals can express themselves. I believe that compassion, empathy and patience are needed with all patients. I draw on mindfulness, DBT and CBT techniques. I also incorporate play, art and music therapy when appropriate. Each treatment is tailored to each client, so I focus on getting to know you and how you want to live your life, and what is stopping you.
(484) 209-9748 View (484) 209-9748
Photo of Denise Kilby New Hope MHCLC Assoc, Pastoral Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Denise Kilby New Hope MHCLC Assoc
Pastoral Counselor, BCACLC, BCMHC , CBHP, CCM
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18015  (Online Only)
True change comes from within, I believe that no one should have to figure out life alone. I help individuals live to their full God-given potential. If you are tired of living in a rut of disappointments and the desperation of not knowing how to move beyond the circumstances you find yourself in, reach out to me. If you are struggling with setting healthy boundaries, anxiety, depression, ADHD-related lack of focus or organization, making poor choices, and unhealthy patterns toward relationships, or find yourself distant from God, reach out to me. I am fully bilingual in English and Spanish and I want to walk alongside you.
True change comes from within, I believe that no one should have to figure out life alone. I help individuals live to their full God-given potential. If you are tired of living in a rut of disappointments and the desperation of not knowing how to move beyond the circumstances you find yourself in, reach out to me. If you are struggling with setting healthy boundaries, anxiety, depression, ADHD-related lack of focus or organization, making poor choices, and unhealthy patterns toward relationships, or find yourself distant from God, reach out to me. I am fully bilingual in English and Spanish and I want to walk alongside you.
(484) 218-2474 View (484) 218-2474
Photo of David Beedlemann, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bethlehem, PA
David Beedlemann
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I specialize in supporting individuals navigating stress, anxiety, and relationship challenges. My ideal client values personal growth, seeking practical tools and insights in a safe, empathetic space. Together, we work towards building resilience, healthier relationships, and a more fulfilling life. If you're ready for positive change and a collaborative therapeutic relationship, I'm here to support you.
I specialize in supporting individuals navigating stress, anxiety, and relationship challenges. My ideal client values personal growth, seeking practical tools and insights in a safe, empathetic space. Together, we work towards building resilience, healthier relationships, and a more fulfilling life. If you're ready for positive change and a collaborative therapeutic relationship, I'm here to support you.
(484) 749-9306 View (484) 749-9306
Photo of Carol A Corso in Bethlehem, PA
Carol A Corso
MA
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
My work with children, adolescents and adults is client-centered and strength-based. I believe that as we move through life stages, there are times when we experience difficulty, loss or pain. My goal as a therapist is to help my clients feel acceptance, empathy and positive regard. My approach with clients is non-judgmental; my goal is to help clients work through difficult times and tough issues.
My work with children, adolescents and adults is client-centered and strength-based. I believe that as we move through life stages, there are times when we experience difficulty, loss or pain. My goal as a therapist is to help my clients feel acceptance, empathy and positive regard. My approach with clients is non-judgmental; my goal is to help clients work through difficult times and tough issues.
(484) 334-2131 View (484) 334-2131
Photo of Sara Edwards, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Sara Edwards
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CCTP-II
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Hello! I'm looking forward to meeting you. I am a therapist specializing in working with sexuality topics. Maybe you are looking for a therapist for a sexuality concern, sex therapy, sexual pain, trauma, or for transgender-affirming care. Maybe you just want to see someone who "gets it" and will be affirming of everything that makes you uniquely you. Whatever the reason, I am excited to accompany you on this wellness journey you're taking! I bring great enthusiasm to my therapy and I am looking forward to helping you achieve your life's passions. I have immediate openings, so we can get started soon without the wait.
Hello! I'm looking forward to meeting you. I am a therapist specializing in working with sexuality topics. Maybe you are looking for a therapist for a sexuality concern, sex therapy, sexual pain, trauma, or for transgender-affirming care. Maybe you just want to see someone who "gets it" and will be affirming of everything that makes you uniquely you. Whatever the reason, I am excited to accompany you on this wellness journey you're taking! I bring great enthusiasm to my therapy and I am looking forward to helping you achieve your life's passions. I have immediate openings, so we can get started soon without the wait.
(215) 688-5866 View (215) 688-5866
Photo of Janice Ugarriza, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Janice Ugarriza
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Janice Ugarriza is a bilingual (Spanish) Licensed Professional Counselor with over 15 years of experience in the mental health field. She has worked in many settings including residential, inpatient, and partial hospitalization programs. She works with children, adolescents, and adults in individual, group, and family therapy. She is trauma-informed and specializes in anxiety, depression, mood disorders, addictions, ADHD, autism, relationship issues, and major life transitions. Janice completed her Master of Science and an Advanced Certificate in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine.
Janice Ugarriza is a bilingual (Spanish) Licensed Professional Counselor with over 15 years of experience in the mental health field. She has worked in many settings including residential, inpatient, and partial hospitalization programs. She works with children, adolescents, and adults in individual, group, and family therapy. She is trauma-informed and specializes in anxiety, depression, mood disorders, addictions, ADHD, autism, relationship issues, and major life transitions. Janice completed her Master of Science and an Advanced Certificate in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine.
(484) 376-5127 View (484) 376-5127
Photo of Jonathan E Masters Psy.d. Psy.d., Psychologist in Bethlehem, PA
Jonathan E Masters Psy.d. Psy.d.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Waitlist for new clients
Jonathan Masters, Psy.D., Psy.D. is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist and Certified Psychoanalyst who has earned doctoral degrees in both fields. He has experience in private practice, community mental health, residential, and inpatient settings. He strives to combine these backgrounds in order to facilitate an approach uniquely tailored to the individual needs of each person he works with. He is highly collaborative in his approach and draws upon the most recent developments in the fields he is trained in.
Jonathan Masters, Psy.D., Psy.D. is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist and Certified Psychoanalyst who has earned doctoral degrees in both fields. He has experience in private practice, community mental health, residential, and inpatient settings. He strives to combine these backgrounds in order to facilitate an approach uniquely tailored to the individual needs of each person he works with. He is highly collaborative in his approach and draws upon the most recent developments in the fields he is trained in.
(610) 904-8557 View (610) 904-8557
Photo of Tracy Walters, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Tracy Walters
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18015
I believe in the power of connection. Psychologist and researcher Brene Brown says, “A deep sense of love and belonging is an irresistible need of all people. We are biologically, cognitively, physically, and spiritually wired to love, to be loved, and to belong. When those needs are not met, we don’t function as we were meant to. We break. We fall apart. We numb. We ache. We hurt others. We get sick”. Through the course of counseling, we will work together to identify, repair, and restore the areas of ‘disconnect’ in your life, so that you may once again reap the mental and physical benefits of this fundamental human need.
I believe in the power of connection. Psychologist and researcher Brene Brown says, “A deep sense of love and belonging is an irresistible need of all people. We are biologically, cognitively, physically, and spiritually wired to love, to be loved, and to belong. When those needs are not met, we don’t function as we were meant to. We break. We fall apart. We numb. We ache. We hurt others. We get sick”. Through the course of counseling, we will work together to identify, repair, and restore the areas of ‘disconnect’ in your life, so that you may once again reap the mental and physical benefits of this fundamental human need.
(484) 626-5451 View (484) 626-5451
Photo of Amanda Loper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Amanda Loper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020
We all want to find happiness and fulfillment in life, however, our experiences and circumstances often feel in the way of acheiving happiness. Through therapy, we will explore how your personal barriers, history, anxiety, and moods, prevent you from finding the peace you are seeking. Using a strengths based perspective, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and various therapeutic exercises, I will work with you to find your voice and inspiration; creating the life you want. With a strong focus on offering yourself compassion and grace, I will encourage you to develop a deep sense of self-love, which makes all things possible.
We all want to find happiness and fulfillment in life, however, our experiences and circumstances often feel in the way of acheiving happiness. Through therapy, we will explore how your personal barriers, history, anxiety, and moods, prevent you from finding the peace you are seeking. Using a strengths based perspective, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and various therapeutic exercises, I will work with you to find your voice and inspiration; creating the life you want. With a strong focus on offering yourself compassion and grace, I will encourage you to develop a deep sense of self-love, which makes all things possible.
(610) 991-8151 View (610) 991-8151
Photo of Andrea Heard, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Andrea Heard
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020
Are you feeling an increase in stress, anxiety, or depression? Are you looking for a space where you feel safe and supported while working towards your goals and learning ways in which to cope with stressors? I strive to create a safe and welcoming space for my clients during therapy. I believe that the client guides the therapeutic process and I will serve as a guide to help you gain insight, understand your behavior, and develop healthy ways to cope in addition to providing an alternative perspective to help you identify patterns of behavior that create barriers to living as your authentic self.
Are you feeling an increase in stress, anxiety, or depression? Are you looking for a space where you feel safe and supported while working towards your goals and learning ways in which to cope with stressors? I strive to create a safe and welcoming space for my clients during therapy. I believe that the client guides the therapeutic process and I will serve as a guide to help you gain insight, understand your behavior, and develop healthy ways to cope in addition to providing an alternative perspective to help you identify patterns of behavior that create barriers to living as your authentic self.
(610) 686-9257 View (610) 686-9257
Photo of Luisa Moreno, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Luisa Moreno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18020  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who specializes in holistic health and energy healing.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who specializes in holistic health and energy healing.
(484) 616-5199 View (484) 616-5199

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bethlehem, PA

300+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Bethlehem, PA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
75% Self Esteem
74% Relationship Issues
73% Trauma and PTSD
70% Coping Skills
68% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Highmark
75% Aetna
70% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Bethlehem, PA see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bethlehem?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.