Therapists in Tampa, FL

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Photo of Kathy Fountain LMHC, BCC, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Kathy Fountain LMHC, BCC
Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33606
I specialize in fertility issues and work with people trying to conceive, after my own personal struggle with infertility. I also specialize in depression, anxiety, and relationships. http://kathyfountainfertility.com/ I use a mind-body approach, believing in the power of relaxation techniques to relieve the stresses that interfere with our natural ability to cope. I work with individuals and couples, including gay and lesbian clients. I particularly specialize in third party reproduction, infertility and loss issues, and work with those who are using non-traditional methods to build their families.
I specialize in fertility issues and work with people trying to conceive, after my own personal struggle with infertility. I also specialize in depression, anxiety, and relationships. http://kathyfountainfertility.com/ I use a mind-body approach, believing in the power of relaxation techniques to relieve the stresses that interfere with our natural ability to cope. I work with individuals and couples, including gay and lesbian clients. I particularly specialize in third party reproduction, infertility and loss issues, and work with those who are using non-traditional methods to build their families.
(813) 438-7499 View (813) 438-7499
Photo of Cindy Lapidus, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tampa, FL
Cindy Lapidus
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33647
Hello! My name is Cindy Lapidus. I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Florida with over 14 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with relationship issues, intimacy-related issues, motivation, self-esteem, confidence, & career difficulties. I also work with clients seeking help to address anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation. As an Air Force veteran, I work with the armed forces to address the unique challenges that affect military members and their families.
Hello! My name is Cindy Lapidus. I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Florida with over 14 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with relationship issues, intimacy-related issues, motivation, self-esteem, confidence, & career difficulties. I also work with clients seeking help to address anxiety, depression, and emotion regulation. As an Air Force veteran, I work with the armed forces to address the unique challenges that affect military members and their families.
(813) 212-3821 View (813) 212-3821
Photo of Christina Roach, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Christina Roach
Counselor, LMHC, NCC, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33606  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
As a Stepfamily Coach, National Certified Counselor and Licensed Counselor, I provide Couples Counseling, Family Therapy, Individual Psychotherapy, and Stepfamily Coaching in a nonjudgmental and supportive environment. I'm also a Board-Certified TeleMental Health Provider and have been doing distance work with client for years now, and I can HELP YOU. I work with my clients to find solutions that fit their own personal lives. Visit Website to learn more.
As a Stepfamily Coach, National Certified Counselor and Licensed Counselor, I provide Couples Counseling, Family Therapy, Individual Psychotherapy, and Stepfamily Coaching in a nonjudgmental and supportive environment. I'm also a Board-Certified TeleMental Health Provider and have been doing distance work with client for years now, and I can HELP YOU. I work with my clients to find solutions that fit their own personal lives. Visit Website to learn more.
(813) 358-2982 View (813) 358-2982
Photo of Christina Belknap, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Christina Belknap
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602
My ideal client aims to engage in an active partnership to build self-awareness and take action to make a change. I will give you feedback and challenge you, which is not everyone’s cup of tea! I work best with those suffering from anxiety, panic attacks, overwhelm, trauma, or emotional flooding. Many of my clients report that our work helped them shift from survival mode to a sense of thriving. I suggest homework; your progress is based on your willingness to practice. The ideal client for my strengths is someone who wants to learn and shift by discovering tangible skills and techniques they can use in their own lives.
My ideal client aims to engage in an active partnership to build self-awareness and take action to make a change. I will give you feedback and challenge you, which is not everyone’s cup of tea! I work best with those suffering from anxiety, panic attacks, overwhelm, trauma, or emotional flooding. Many of my clients report that our work helped them shift from survival mode to a sense of thriving. I suggest homework; your progress is based on your willingness to practice. The ideal client for my strengths is someone who wants to learn and shift by discovering tangible skills and techniques they can use in their own lives.
(813) 580-7017 View (813) 580-7017
Photo of Laura Calin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Laura Calin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33647  (Online Only)
Laura Calin is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. Laura has experience working with individuals, couples, families, and groups. With her experience, she understands the diverse needs of each patient. As her patient, you will undergo an assessment to determine what your goals are. Once that is determined, Laura creates a plan designed for you. Laura provides the highest level of care, a trusting environment, and a non-judgemental setting for all her patients. Her goal is to help them so that they can see their own potential. She works with ages 10 - 65 and has been working in the field since 1995.
Laura Calin is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. Laura has experience working with individuals, couples, families, and groups. With her experience, she understands the diverse needs of each patient. As her patient, you will undergo an assessment to determine what your goals are. Once that is determined, Laura creates a plan designed for you. Laura provides the highest level of care, a trusting environment, and a non-judgemental setting for all her patients. Her goal is to help them so that they can see their own potential. She works with ages 10 - 65 and has been working in the field since 1995.
(813) 696-3533 View (813) 696-3533
Photo of Lynne A. Santiago, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Lynne A. Santiago
Counselor, PhD, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33604
Are you worried about the future of your relationship? Do you find that it takes longer to bounce back after arguments? Do you feel like you're stuck in a never-ending cycle of fighting without any resolution? Have you experienced betrayal trauma due to emotional or sexual infidelity?
Are you worried about the future of your relationship? Do you find that it takes longer to bounce back after arguments? Do you feel like you're stuck in a never-ending cycle of fighting without any resolution? Have you experienced betrayal trauma due to emotional or sexual infidelity?
(813) 710-4003 View (813) 710-4003
Photo of Alexandra Valentin, Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern in Tampa, FL
Alexandra Valentin
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MS, RMHCI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33647
Bilingual Mental Health Counselor with fluency in Spanish. Proficient in providing caring and methodological counseling services in diverse settings. I assist people in getting through difficult times in their lives., as well as diagnose and treat mental illnesses in my clients. I assist my clients, who include children, adolescents, adults, and families, in developing healthy self-perceptions as calm, whole, and secure.
Bilingual Mental Health Counselor with fluency in Spanish. Proficient in providing caring and methodological counseling services in diverse settings. I assist people in getting through difficult times in their lives., as well as diagnose and treat mental illnesses in my clients. I assist my clients, who include children, adolescents, adults, and families, in developing healthy self-perceptions as calm, whole, and secure.
(813) 212-7269 View (813) 212-7269
Photo of Jennifer R Allen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Jennifer R Allen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, CLC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33607
Often people seek therapy because they have an idea of what is wrong and what they want to change in their life. Other people don’t know, yet they know that something could be better or is missing. If you haven’t been successful in what you seek, it doesn’t mean that you are weak or that it is not possible, or that there is anything wrong with you. Sometimes we know what the barriers are. Sometimes we don’t. Sometimes it is just a matter of looking in the right place.
Often people seek therapy because they have an idea of what is wrong and what they want to change in their life. Other people don’t know, yet they know that something could be better or is missing. If you haven’t been successful in what you seek, it doesn’t mean that you are weak or that it is not possible, or that there is anything wrong with you. Sometimes we know what the barriers are. Sometimes we don’t. Sometimes it is just a matter of looking in the right place.
(813) 491-9146 x708 View (813) 491-9146 x708
Photo of Kent Kelley, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Kent Kelley
Counselor, LCPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33602  (Online Only)
My approach is consultative in nature. If you are feeling unsettled, stressed, or languishing, I am happy to help you work through these challenges and help you find a path forward.
My approach is consultative in nature. If you are feeling unsettled, stressed, or languishing, I am happy to help you work through these challenges and help you find a path forward.
(813) 590-0873 View (813) 590-0873
Photo of Jennifer Lipkins, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Jennifer Lipkins
Counselor, LMHC, QS
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33629
I have helped many clients struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and much more. Using my years of experience with so many different clients from many different backgrounds, I have developed an intuition for meeting you where you're at and quickly creating a unique therapy plan with the most efficient and effective therapeutic modality for you, your circumstances, and your goals for counseling. I always provide a safe and non-judgmental space for you to talk about your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors so we can dive deep together and evoke the changes necessary to make you feel your best!
I have helped many clients struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and much more. Using my years of experience with so many different clients from many different backgrounds, I have developed an intuition for meeting you where you're at and quickly creating a unique therapy plan with the most efficient and effective therapeutic modality for you, your circumstances, and your goals for counseling. I always provide a safe and non-judgmental space for you to talk about your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors so we can dive deep together and evoke the changes necessary to make you feel your best!
(813) 733-7469 View (813) 733-7469
Photo of Brandi Askin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tampa, FL
Brandi Askin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33625
Not accepting new clients
I'm down to earth and approach therapy collaboratively. As an experienced therapist with 10+ years in private practice, I believe healing is an organic process that is different for each person. My therapeutic style includes providing a space to explore what’s in your heart. I also offer feedback, ideas, and problem solving. Specialties include postpartum mood disorders (depression, anxiety, etc.), grief and loss, understanding dysfunctional family dynamics, healing from a breakup, and working with creative people. I also provide Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART).
I'm down to earth and approach therapy collaboratively. As an experienced therapist with 10+ years in private practice, I believe healing is an organic process that is different for each person. My therapeutic style includes providing a space to explore what’s in your heart. I also offer feedback, ideas, and problem solving. Specialties include postpartum mood disorders (depression, anxiety, etc.), grief and loss, understanding dysfunctional family dynamics, healing from a breakup, and working with creative people. I also provide Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART).
(727) 597-5442 View (727) 597-5442
Photo of Alexis Skopos, Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Tampa, FL
Alexis Skopos
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33614
Hi! My name is Alexis Skopos. I have a license in clinical mental health counseling (LMHC). I take a very empathetic approach to therapy. I believe we all experience the world in different ways, and you are the expert in your own life - I am just here along for the ride helping you! I work a lot with life transitions, grief, addiction, adolescents, anxiety, and depression. I really enjoy working with young adults and those who are searching for their identity. I am a big ally to the LGBTQIA+, body positive, sex worker community.
Hi! My name is Alexis Skopos. I have a license in clinical mental health counseling (LMHC). I take a very empathetic approach to therapy. I believe we all experience the world in different ways, and you are the expert in your own life - I am just here along for the ride helping you! I work a lot with life transitions, grief, addiction, adolescents, anxiety, and depression. I really enjoy working with young adults and those who are searching for their identity. I am a big ally to the LGBTQIA+, body positive, sex worker community.
(813) 296-6404 View (813) 296-6404
Photo of Gil Fernandez Counseling & Assessments, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Gil Fernandez Counseling & Assessments
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33609
Gil Fernandez holds a Master’s Degree in Mental Health Counseling and Psychology and is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. He is trained in CBT, EMDR, Motivational Interviewing, substance abuse recovery, mind-body relaxation, and cognitive restructuring with a specialization in trauma resolution and co-occurring disorders.
Gil Fernandez holds a Master’s Degree in Mental Health Counseling and Psychology and is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. He is trained in CBT, EMDR, Motivational Interviewing, substance abuse recovery, mind-body relaxation, and cognitive restructuring with a specialization in trauma resolution and co-occurring disorders.
(813) 544-7030 View (813) 544-7030
Photo of Catalyst Center for Change LLC, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Catalyst Center for Change LLC
Counselor, LMHC, LMFT, MCAP, CSAT, CMAT
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33609
Scott Grupp, LMHC, founded Catalyst Center for Change LLC with his wife, Erin Grupp, LCSW, to provide powerfully effective customized therapy for individuals, couples and families. Scott is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), Master Level Certified Addiction Professional (MCAP), Certified Sex Addiction Therapist (CSAT), Certified Sex Therapist (CST), Certified Emotionally Focused Couple Therapist (EFT Therapist) and a Certified Practitioner in Clinical Hypnosis & Rapid Trauma Resolution. Catalyst provides Three-Day Intensives for couples looking to restore relationships after intimate betrayal and/or sexual addiction (polygraph can be included.) Catalyst also offers customized Individual or Couple Intensives; please inquire.
Scott Grupp, LMHC, founded Catalyst Center for Change LLC with his wife, Erin Grupp, LCSW, to provide powerfully effective customized therapy for individuals, couples and families. Scott is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), Master Level Certified Addiction Professional (MCAP), Certified Sex Addiction Therapist (CSAT), Certified Sex Therapist (CST), Certified Emotionally Focused Couple Therapist (EFT Therapist) and a Certified Practitioner in Clinical Hypnosis & Rapid Trauma Resolution. Catalyst provides Three-Day Intensives for couples looking to restore relationships after intimate betrayal and/or sexual addiction (polygraph can be included.) Catalyst also offers customized Individual or Couple Intensives; please inquire.
(813) 213-4137 View (813) 213-4137
Photo of "Dr. K"/ Dr. Kristin Williams, Psychologist in Tampa, FL
"Dr. K"/ Dr. Kristin Williams
Psychologist, PsyD, NBCCH
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33607
As a Health and Wellness Psychologist, I have 20 years of experience and training. Through telehealth, you can skip the commute and focus on your well-being. I specialize in helping people overcome emotional challenges and live healthier lives. I see adults with health issues, chronic pain, anxiety issues, and those struggling with work stress. I'm not just a guide, I'm your advocate. We'll work together to overcome challenges and transform your goals into tangible results.
As a Health and Wellness Psychologist, I have 20 years of experience and training. Through telehealth, you can skip the commute and focus on your well-being. I specialize in helping people overcome emotional challenges and live healthier lives. I see adults with health issues, chronic pain, anxiety issues, and those struggling with work stress. I'm not just a guide, I'm your advocate. We'll work together to overcome challenges and transform your goals into tangible results.
(813) 280-4039 View (813) 280-4039
Photo of Sue Frederick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Sue Frederick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33647  (Online Only)
I have had people ask questions such as "Can therapy really help?" or "Does it do any good?" It has been my experience that anyone who wants to engage in therapy can benefit. Therapy is an exploratory process of discovering the unique mental and emotional approach an individual has toward life. Therapy is not just talking about problems, it is working toward solutions. It is my goal as a therapist to help you uncover new strengths and learn new skills to deal with challenges. Are you struggling with anxiety, depression or past traumas? You don't have to face these challenges alone. My counseling services are here to help you.
I have had people ask questions such as "Can therapy really help?" or "Does it do any good?" It has been my experience that anyone who wants to engage in therapy can benefit. Therapy is an exploratory process of discovering the unique mental and emotional approach an individual has toward life. Therapy is not just talking about problems, it is working toward solutions. It is my goal as a therapist to help you uncover new strengths and learn new skills to deal with challenges. Are you struggling with anxiety, depression or past traumas? You don't have to face these challenges alone. My counseling services are here to help you.
(813) 602-7901 View (813) 602-7901
Photo of Jill Gray, Counselor in Tampa, FL
Jill Gray
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33609  (Online Only)
My style is relational. I am very good at building rapport and actively listening to the client's worldview. I'm authentic in my counseling with clients because feeling safe in my practice depends on it. I challenge my clients and hold them accountable in a way that comes with time as we build our rapport. I always work with the client on what their goals are and like to provide psychoeducation on theories that may be beneficial for their lives.
My style is relational. I am very good at building rapport and actively listening to the client's worldview. I'm authentic in my counseling with clients because feeling safe in my practice depends on it. I challenge my clients and hold them accountable in a way that comes with time as we build our rapport. I always work with the client on what their goals are and like to provide psychoeducation on theories that may be beneficial for their lives.
(786) 933-7620 View (786) 933-7620
Photo of Amber Privett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tampa, FL
Amber Privett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33606
Anxiety, depression, trauma, and other mental health concerns can suffocate our lives, keeping us from experiencing the fullness and beauty all around us. Sometimes, we’re able to put on a brave face, despite our pain, to try to show the outside world that we’re okay. Sometimes, we fall apart and can't seem to put the pieces back together. No matter where you are in your healing journey, the good news is that therapy works, and there are several evidence-based treatments that are proven to help you feel better. There is hope, purpose, love, and joy on the other side of the pain you are facing, and we can work to find that together.
Anxiety, depression, trauma, and other mental health concerns can suffocate our lives, keeping us from experiencing the fullness and beauty all around us. Sometimes, we’re able to put on a brave face, despite our pain, to try to show the outside world that we’re okay. Sometimes, we fall apart and can't seem to put the pieces back together. No matter where you are in your healing journey, the good news is that therapy works, and there are several evidence-based treatments that are proven to help you feel better. There is hope, purpose, love, and joy on the other side of the pain you are facing, and we can work to find that together.
(813) 565-3296 View (813) 565-3296
Photo of Jennifer Ashley McFarlin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tampa, FL
Jennifer Ashley McFarlin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, EdS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33611
Hello! I am a licensed marriage and family therapist with a passion for helping my clients heal broken relationships with themselves and others. We all struggle, and we all could use a confidant, sounding board, mediator, and encourager on our team - this is where I come in! My specialization is in marriage/couples and family therapy. I do not view each individual as my client, but instead view the relationship as my client. In family/couples therapy, we will work on increasing understanding and empathy, validating one another, and strengthening communication.
Hello! I am a licensed marriage and family therapist with a passion for helping my clients heal broken relationships with themselves and others. We all struggle, and we all could use a confidant, sounding board, mediator, and encourager on our team - this is where I come in! My specialization is in marriage/couples and family therapy. I do not view each individual as my client, but instead view the relationship as my client. In family/couples therapy, we will work on increasing understanding and empathy, validating one another, and strengthening communication.
(813) 548-4061 View (813) 548-4061
Photo of Marvin J Polanco, Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern in Tampa, FL
Marvin J Polanco
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MA
Verified Verified
Tampa, FL 33614
My ideal client is someone who is navigating life’s challenges and is ready to make a change. They may be dealing with issues such as depression, anxiety, and self-esteem, and their goal is to improve their mental health and overall well-being. They want to understand and manage their emotions better, improve their relationships, and find their path in life.
My ideal client is someone who is navigating life’s challenges and is ready to make a change. They may be dealing with issues such as depression, anxiety, and self-esteem, and their goal is to improve their mental health and overall well-being. They want to understand and manage their emotions better, improve their relationships, and find their path in life.
(813) 437-4646 View (813) 437-4646

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tampa, FL

2,000+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Tampa, FL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
74% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
71% Coping Skills
69% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
81% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
78% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Tampa, FL see their clients

51% In Person and Online
49% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tampa?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.