Therapists in Gilbert, AZ

Photo of Myra Hurtado, Licensed Professional Counselor in Gilbert, AZ
Myra Hurtado
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85295
Myra approaches therapy with great empathy as she journeys with clients in their healing process. Creating a safe environment where trust is built, she journeys with clients as they work at mending pieces back together through psychotherapy and soul level healing. She specializes in Sensorimotor and EMDR and believes strongly in the mind, body, soul connection of healing and wholeness. If a client chooses, Myra serves from a faith based perspective while meeting each client right where they are at with their individual differences, cultural backgrounds, beliefs and experiences. She works with adolescents, adults and families.
Myra approaches therapy with great empathy as she journeys with clients in their healing process. Creating a safe environment where trust is built, she journeys with clients as they work at mending pieces back together through psychotherapy and soul level healing. She specializes in Sensorimotor and EMDR and believes strongly in the mind, body, soul connection of healing and wholeness. If a client chooses, Myra serves from a faith based perspective while meeting each client right where they are at with their individual differences, cultural backgrounds, beliefs and experiences. She works with adolescents, adults and families.
(480) 422-4812 View (480) 422-4812
Photo of Stephanie Marie Gin, Licensed Master Social Worker in Gilbert, AZ
Stephanie Marie Gin
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85234
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes when life gives us lemons, it can be extremely difficult to figure out what to do next with them! Sometimes making lemonade isn't always the given answer. Sometimes it's challenging to overcome certain obstacles, transitions, hardships, and whatever else life likes to throw at us. We tend to find ourselves repeating the same patterns. Sometimes we feel stuck. Unfortunately, we experience these things more times than none. When these things happen, it’s hard to remember that we don’t have to do it alone and we can ask for help.
Sometimes when life gives us lemons, it can be extremely difficult to figure out what to do next with them! Sometimes making lemonade isn't always the given answer. Sometimes it's challenging to overcome certain obstacles, transitions, hardships, and whatever else life likes to throw at us. We tend to find ourselves repeating the same patterns. Sometimes we feel stuck. Unfortunately, we experience these things more times than none. When these things happen, it’s hard to remember that we don’t have to do it alone and we can ask for help.
(480) 568-3901 View (480) 568-3901
Photo of Rachelle Query, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Gilbert, AZ
Rachelle Query
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MEd, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85296
Waitlist for new clients
Life is full of unexpected life changes and you can feel stuck; counseling services can help you process your feelings, thoughts, and emotions. Trauma and life stressors can manifest into anxiety, depression, overthinking, worry, and sleepless nights. Counseling can help combat these symptoms, feel unstuck and restore your energy and general sense of well-being. Learn healthier coping skills to combat these symptoms. You do not have to go through this process alone. Seeking help can be so difficult, put yourself first and take that next step. You deserve it!
Life is full of unexpected life changes and you can feel stuck; counseling services can help you process your feelings, thoughts, and emotions. Trauma and life stressors can manifest into anxiety, depression, overthinking, worry, and sleepless nights. Counseling can help combat these symptoms, feel unstuck and restore your energy and general sense of well-being. Learn healthier coping skills to combat these symptoms. You do not have to go through this process alone. Seeking help can be so difficult, put yourself first and take that next step. You deserve it!
(480) 907-3290 View (480) 907-3290
Photo of Amy Bryant, Counselor in Gilbert, AZ
Amy Bryant
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85295
Tired of managing your emotional pain on your own? Let’s start your healing process together. In my practice, I am committed to providing my clients a safe space and support to work through their past and the tools to thrive in the future.
Tired of managing your emotional pain on your own? Let’s start your healing process together. In my practice, I am committed to providing my clients a safe space and support to work through their past and the tools to thrive in the future.
(480) 573-8135 View (480) 573-8135
Photo of Breathing Room Therapy PLLC, Counselor in Gilbert, AZ
Breathing Room Therapy PLLC
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85234  (Online Only)
Hello, and thank you for reading my profile. At the time therapy is considered, people are typically ready for change, healing, balance, awareness, and congruence with the higher Self. In our therapeutic partnership, we will work toward a fresh perspective and insight which lends itself to transcending areas of "stuckness." I am dedicated to being present, matching your needs to a personalized treatment modality, and nurturing my personal growth to be the best therapist possible. I intend this to be a safe space for authenticity and growth. By showing up, you already made a significant and courageous step!
Hello, and thank you for reading my profile. At the time therapy is considered, people are typically ready for change, healing, balance, awareness, and congruence with the higher Self. In our therapeutic partnership, we will work toward a fresh perspective and insight which lends itself to transcending areas of "stuckness." I am dedicated to being present, matching your needs to a personalized treatment modality, and nurturing my personal growth to be the best therapist possible. I intend this to be a safe space for authenticity and growth. By showing up, you already made a significant and courageous step!
(480) 428-3948 View (480) 428-3948
Photo of Jamie Boylan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Gilbert, AZ
Jamie Boylan
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Gilbert, AZ 85297  (Online Only)
Accepting New clients! Hello! I am so glad you are here. Taking the step towards therapy can be overwhelming, but it also speaks to your desire to see change and healing. I’m ready to help you reach your goals and provide the support you need. I work collaboratively with teens and adults to create goals, build tools and get to the depth of the situations and wounds that can be triggers. I specialize in treating trauma/ptsd, mood issues including anxiety, depression and stress, as well as overall support for life/relationship concerns.
Accepting New clients! Hello! I am so glad you are here. Taking the step towards therapy can be overwhelming, but it also speaks to your desire to see change and healing. I’m ready to help you reach your goals and provide the support you need. I work collaboratively with teens and adults to create goals, build tools and get to the depth of the situations and wounds that can be triggers. I specialize in treating trauma/ptsd, mood issues including anxiety, depression and stress, as well as overall support for life/relationship concerns.
(520) 376-0184 View (520) 376-0184
Photo of Immigration Evaluations and Psychotherapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Gilbert, AZ
Immigration Evaluations and Psychotherapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Gilbert, AZ 85234
My name is Clara Terrazas and as a therapist it is an honor for me to be able to walk alongside individuals as they learn to navigate the challenges and tribulations of life. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns, including individuals struggling with life stressors, communication and conflict in relationships, women that are coming out of long term relationships, people living with HIV, victims of crime, trauma survivors and unaccompanied minors living in shelters. In addition I have experience collaborating with attorneys for individuals that are needing a clinical evaluation for their immigration case.
My name is Clara Terrazas and as a therapist it is an honor for me to be able to walk alongside individuals as they learn to navigate the challenges and tribulations of life. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns, including individuals struggling with life stressors, communication and conflict in relationships, women that are coming out of long term relationships, people living with HIV, victims of crime, trauma survivors and unaccompanied minors living in shelters. In addition I have experience collaborating with attorneys for individuals that are needing a clinical evaluation for their immigration case.
(480) 741-1738 View (480) 741-1738
Photo of Rebbeca Lahann, Psychologist in Gilbert, AZ
Rebbeca Lahann
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85295
Dr. Lahann specializes in individual counseling, focusing on intersectional approaches to values-aligned living across the lifespan. She has experience working with diverse bio-psycho-social-sexual backgrounds, relational dynamics, and a broad spectrum of mental health presentations. She can assist with a variety of problems including mood disorders, stress management, and holistic sex therapy. Her office offers a safe and confidential environment in which to discuss your personal issues as we work together to find ways to balance your life.
Dr. Lahann specializes in individual counseling, focusing on intersectional approaches to values-aligned living across the lifespan. She has experience working with diverse bio-psycho-social-sexual backgrounds, relational dynamics, and a broad spectrum of mental health presentations. She can assist with a variety of problems including mood disorders, stress management, and holistic sex therapy. Her office offers a safe and confidential environment in which to discuss your personal issues as we work together to find ways to balance your life.
(480) 771-0686 View (480) 771-0686
Photo of Karissa Ray, Licensed Professional Counselor in Gilbert, AZ
Karissa Ray
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85296
I know that life can feel like an uphill battle. Many times our past gets in the way of our future and we do know where to turn or how to move forward. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and have experience working with many mental health concerns from my time working in community mental health. I have training with a wide variety of age groups and work with individuals 18 years old and up.
I know that life can feel like an uphill battle. Many times our past gets in the way of our future and we do know where to turn or how to move forward. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and have experience working with many mental health concerns from my time working in community mental health. I have training with a wide variety of age groups and work with individuals 18 years old and up.
(480) 256-2260 View (480) 256-2260
Photo of Sheila Holly, Licensed Professional Counselor in Gilbert, AZ
Sheila Holly
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85234
I have over thirty years of experience working with children, families, and adults. I am a mother of four, a former first grade teacher, and a licensed professional counselor. Everyone goes through challenges in life and at times you just need someone to listen and encourage you in your journey. My goal for every client is to feel comfortable, safe, and most importantly heard and understood. It takes courage, humility, and love (either love for yourself or your child), to pick up the phone and decide to begin therapy. I recognize that and honor your decision.
I have over thirty years of experience working with children, families, and adults. I am a mother of four, a former first grade teacher, and a licensed professional counselor. Everyone goes through challenges in life and at times you just need someone to listen and encourage you in your journey. My goal for every client is to feel comfortable, safe, and most importantly heard and understood. It takes courage, humility, and love (either love for yourself or your child), to pick up the phone and decide to begin therapy. I recognize that and honor your decision.
(602) 783-8681 View (602) 783-8681
Photo of Alicia Tequida, Licensed Professional Counselor in Gilbert, AZ
Alicia Tequida
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85233
It has always been my passion to help individuals and families through difficult situations in life and find great fulfillment in improving my community one person at a time. I am dedicated to helping individuals meet their goals by examining the connection between how they think, feel (emotionally and physically), behave, and interact in their various environments. I facilitate growth and change in my clients by teaching mindfulness, cognitive restructuring, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness, as well as processing underlying trauma when needed. I provide counseling to individuals of all ages, couples, and families.
It has always been my passion to help individuals and families through difficult situations in life and find great fulfillment in improving my community one person at a time. I am dedicated to helping individuals meet their goals by examining the connection between how they think, feel (emotionally and physically), behave, and interact in their various environments. I facilitate growth and change in my clients by teaching mindfulness, cognitive restructuring, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness, as well as processing underlying trauma when needed. I provide counseling to individuals of all ages, couples, and families.
(623) 745-2494 View (623) 745-2494
Photo of Heather Suggs in Gilbert, AZ
Heather Suggs
LPC
Verified Verified
Gilbert, AZ 85295  (Online Only)
Hello! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) for over 20 years. I earned my Masters degree from Oakland University in Michigan. I lived in Michigan most of my life, until 7 years ago when we moved to Arizona. I have a large family with 6 kids (4 adopted) and way too many dogs and cats. I love being outside camping, on the water or stargazing. I have been married for 33 years, so I understand the struggle and beauty in relationships.
Hello! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) for over 20 years. I earned my Masters degree from Oakland University in Michigan. I lived in Michigan most of my life, until 7 years ago when we moved to Arizona. I have a large family with 6 kids (4 adopted) and way too many dogs and cats. I love being outside camping, on the water or stargazing. I have been married for 33 years, so I understand the struggle and beauty in relationships.
(480) 470-4124 View (480) 470-4124
Photo of Dr. Lynda Vaterlaus, Psychologist in Gilbert, AZ
Dr. Lynda Vaterlaus
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85233  (Online Only)
I love panic disorder. I know this sounds weird, but I do. Why, because it is something that can be easily treated and quickly. If you are struggling with panic/anxiety attacks please reach out to me. I use evidence-based treatments to help you gain control over your panic. Many of my patients show improvement in 1-2 sessions.
I love panic disorder. I know this sounds weird, but I do. Why, because it is something that can be easily treated and quickly. If you are struggling with panic/anxiety attacks please reach out to me. I use evidence-based treatments to help you gain control over your panic. Many of my patients show improvement in 1-2 sessions.
(480) 531-8912 View (480) 531-8912
Photo of Julie Benton, Marriage & Family Therapist in Gilbert, AZ
Julie Benton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85296  (Online Only)
Do you find yourself getting stuck in patterns, having the same fights with your partner over and over? Do you sometimes feel alone in your relationship or like you've become more like roommates than lovers? These feelings can be discouraging and isolating, but you are not alone. I empower partners to navigate these common challenges in a way that gets to the heart of the matter. Together we work to co-create a new experience of each other, with more authenticity and intimacy. You are capable of achieving what we all want and need- to love and be loved, to experience joy and connection, and to live a life with purpose and meaning.
Do you find yourself getting stuck in patterns, having the same fights with your partner over and over? Do you sometimes feel alone in your relationship or like you've become more like roommates than lovers? These feelings can be discouraging and isolating, but you are not alone. I empower partners to navigate these common challenges in a way that gets to the heart of the matter. Together we work to co-create a new experience of each other, with more authenticity and intimacy. You are capable of achieving what we all want and need- to love and be loved, to experience joy and connection, and to live a life with purpose and meaning.
(480) 210-5980 View (480) 210-5980
Photo of Anita K Marple, Licensed Professional Counselor in Gilbert, AZ
Anita K Marple
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85295
I work with a wide range of emotional and behavioral issues providing services that span from therapy for depression and grief counseling to parenting support, marriage counseling and beyond. In a comfortable and supportive atmosphere, I offer a highly personalized approach tailored to each of my clients' individual needs to help attain the growth and change they’re striving for.
I work with a wide range of emotional and behavioral issues providing services that span from therapy for depression and grief counseling to parenting support, marriage counseling and beyond. In a comfortable and supportive atmosphere, I offer a highly personalized approach tailored to each of my clients' individual needs to help attain the growth and change they’re striving for.
(480) 719-3781 View (480) 719-3781
Photo of Kris Marie Teets, Licensed Professional Counselor in Gilbert, AZ
Kris Marie Teets
Licensed Professional Counselor, SEP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85295
My mission is to help you become unstuck. I believe that true healing and change happens in the context of safe human connection, compassion and understanding the patterns of your mind & body. I will help you step into a life of thriving rather than surviving. I address the core issues in order to find freedom from the areas of life that are holding you back. Incorporating an integrated and holistic approach that addresses the brain body, core beliefs, emotions and the autonomic nervous system we will begin the process of moving you towards your most authentic, whole and fulfilled life.
My mission is to help you become unstuck. I believe that true healing and change happens in the context of safe human connection, compassion and understanding the patterns of your mind & body. I will help you step into a life of thriving rather than surviving. I address the core issues in order to find freedom from the areas of life that are holding you back. Incorporating an integrated and holistic approach that addresses the brain body, core beliefs, emotions and the autonomic nervous system we will begin the process of moving you towards your most authentic, whole and fulfilled life.
(480) 571-3952 View (480) 571-3952
Photo of Robyn Urry Anderson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Gilbert, AZ
Robyn Urry Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85298  (Online Only)
Change is part of life, but that doesn’t mean it's not hard. Daily stresses, changes and our past experiences impact us and can be intimidating to deal with. Seeking counseling can be intimidating too, so you’re already working towards healing by being here! You will find in me a welcoming, judgement free approach to therapy.
Change is part of life, but that doesn’t mean it's not hard. Daily stresses, changes and our past experiences impact us and can be intimidating to deal with. Seeking counseling can be intimidating too, so you’re already working towards healing by being here! You will find in me a welcoming, judgement free approach to therapy.
(480) 462-0295 View (480) 462-0295
Photo of Christina Egurrola, Pre-Licensed Professional in Gilbert, AZ
Christina Egurrola
Pre-Licensed Professional, MC
Verified Verified
Gilbert, AZ 85295
One of my mantras as a helping professional is to meet my clients where they are. The process of therapy is not one-size-fits-all; it is multifaceted and diverse, just like the world in which we live. Therefore, I strive to ensure that each client’s uniqueness feels both welcomed and honored in the space we share, and that the work undertaken in this space caters to their individual strengths, experiences, and challenges.
One of my mantras as a helping professional is to meet my clients where they are. The process of therapy is not one-size-fits-all; it is multifaceted and diverse, just like the world in which we live. Therefore, I strive to ensure that each client’s uniqueness feels both welcomed and honored in the space we share, and that the work undertaken in this space caters to their individual strengths, experiences, and challenges.
(480) 428-3829 View (480) 428-3829
Photo of Rachelle Friedman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Gilbert, AZ
Rachelle Friedman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Gilbert, AZ 85234  (Online Only)
Do you think about times in the past when you wish that you felt different, or had done something differently? It can be hard to not get stuck in the "should" of everything. When you are in this place it can be hard to pick yourself up when you trip or fall. I specialize in working with people who are struggling with chronic pain/illness, anxiety, neurodivergence, and trauma. I want to help you feel grounded and present in your life. I want you to know that by seeing you authentically and individualizing therapeutic treatment, and treating you as a whole person, I know that I can help you heal.
Do you think about times in the past when you wish that you felt different, or had done something differently? It can be hard to not get stuck in the "should" of everything. When you are in this place it can be hard to pick yourself up when you trip or fall. I specialize in working with people who are struggling with chronic pain/illness, anxiety, neurodivergence, and trauma. I want to help you feel grounded and present in your life. I want you to know that by seeing you authentically and individualizing therapeutic treatment, and treating you as a whole person, I know that I can help you heal.
(480) 372-9890 View (480) 372-9890
Photo of Carrie Malachowski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Gilbert, AZ
Carrie Malachowski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, RYT-200
Verified Verified
Gilbert, AZ 85298  (Online Only)
In a supportive, genuine environment I can help you or a loved one find balance and lasting happiness. Relationship issues, processing feelings, or just being happy...life can be difficult for everyone. My areas of expertise are addressing issues of depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties and life transitions. Sessions help you improve your happiness, find balance and unlock your innate connection to self, others and the world. My services are provided via my private practice, Evolve MindBody Wellness LLC. Practicing since 2000, I provide individual counseling to those in AZ, yet life coaching services across the globe.
In a supportive, genuine environment I can help you or a loved one find balance and lasting happiness. Relationship issues, processing feelings, or just being happy...life can be difficult for everyone. My areas of expertise are addressing issues of depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties and life transitions. Sessions help you improve your happiness, find balance and unlock your innate connection to self, others and the world. My services are provided via my private practice, Evolve MindBody Wellness LLC. Practicing since 2000, I provide individual counseling to those in AZ, yet life coaching services across the globe.
(480) 525-9962 View (480) 525-9962

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Gilbert, AZ

700+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Gilbert, AZ who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
78% Self Esteem
77% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
74% Stress
73% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
70% BlueCross and BlueShield
56% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Gilbert, AZ see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Gilbert?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.