Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

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Photo of Cara Story Beames, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Cara Story Beames
Psychologist, MA, LP, ABD
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55405
Waitlist for new clients
My work is rooted in a life-long desire to understand more fully who we are and why we are who we are. I work to help clients reflect on patterns of thinking, feeling, behaving, reacting emotionally, struggling with internal conflicts, and using psychological defenses that seem to protect but are often limiting and out of conscious awareness. My training is rooted in Family Systems Theory, Relational Therapy, Marriage and Family Therapy, Experiential Therapy, Psychodynamic Theory, Attachment Theory, Interpersonal Neurobiology, and Neuroscience. I believe that each person I work with is unique and we have to have a relationship that fosters safety and trust.
My work is rooted in a life-long desire to understand more fully who we are and why we are who we are. I work to help clients reflect on patterns of thinking, feeling, behaving, reacting emotionally, struggling with internal conflicts, and using psychological defenses that seem to protect but are often limiting and out of conscious awareness. My training is rooted in Family Systems Theory, Relational Therapy, Marriage and Family Therapy, Experiential Therapy, Psychodynamic Theory, Attachment Theory, Interpersonal Neurobiology, and Neuroscience. I believe that each person I work with is unique and we have to have a relationship that fosters safety and trust.
(612) 351-6533 View (612) 351-6533
Photo of Caitlyn Ramberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Caitlyn Ramberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55426
Waitlist for new clients
Your child is the center of your life. You love them with all your heart. But they're hurting. Perhaps they cry inconsolably, fight with other children, fight with you, have nightmares, or wet the bed. You're worn out trying to help them, and don't know what to do next. You wonder if their behaviors have to do with the stressful experiences they've endured in their short lives, but you don't know how to help.
Your child is the center of your life. You love them with all your heart. But they're hurting. Perhaps they cry inconsolably, fight with other children, fight with you, have nightmares, or wet the bed. You're worn out trying to help them, and don't know what to do next. You wonder if their behaviors have to do with the stressful experiences they've endured in their short lives, but you don't know how to help.
(651) 371-9617 View (651) 371-9617
Photo of Brenna McGee, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Brenna McGee
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55401
There is no "one size fits all" in effective therapy. While we may be all facing some common stressors, each person, couple, or family is different and I adapt accordingly to help foster growth and wellness that fits your life. I am committed to creating a genuine and supportive environment to explore your goals, feelings, and stuck points by integrating a variety of evidence-based modalities. Together we will alleviate stress and interpersonal strain, build balance, and promote long-term wellness. Please visit my website at www.brennamcgee.com for additional information and I look forward to meeting you!
There is no "one size fits all" in effective therapy. While we may be all facing some common stressors, each person, couple, or family is different and I adapt accordingly to help foster growth and wellness that fits your life. I am committed to creating a genuine and supportive environment to explore your goals, feelings, and stuck points by integrating a variety of evidence-based modalities. Together we will alleviate stress and interpersonal strain, build balance, and promote long-term wellness. Please visit my website at www.brennamcgee.com for additional information and I look forward to meeting you!
(612) 324-8175 View (612) 324-8175
Photo of Linda J Etim, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Linda J Etim
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55401
Hi! I'm Linda Etim and I specialize in working with women and men who are in toxic or abusive/predatory relationships. My unique approach is designed to help you detach from and avoid these toxic relationships. I also work with individuals who are suffering from anxiety, depression and other mental health issues. As well I work with those experiencing work related stress, racial injustice and everyday life stressors. All of the above issues can threaten your physical and emotional wellbeing. I prescribe techniques that will help you to manage your symptoms while at the same time achieving overall wellness.
Hi! I'm Linda Etim and I specialize in working with women and men who are in toxic or abusive/predatory relationships. My unique approach is designed to help you detach from and avoid these toxic relationships. I also work with individuals who are suffering from anxiety, depression and other mental health issues. As well I work with those experiencing work related stress, racial injustice and everyday life stressors. All of the above issues can threaten your physical and emotional wellbeing. I prescribe techniques that will help you to manage your symptoms while at the same time achieving overall wellness.
(763) 225-1317 View (763) 225-1317
Photo of Phoenix Mental Health, PLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Phoenix Mental Health, PLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Are you struggling with feeling like an outsider, experiencing abuse or bullying, dealing with anxiety or depression, or working in a toxic environment? Do you need a safe space to process your thoughts and emotions without fear of judgment? Are you seeking validation, understanding, and a way to heal from past traumas? Is your goal to gain tools to cope with life's challenges and feel empowered to make positive changes? If so, seeking therapy is a courageous and important step towards achieving your mental health and well-being.
Are you struggling with feeling like an outsider, experiencing abuse or bullying, dealing with anxiety or depression, or working in a toxic environment? Do you need a safe space to process your thoughts and emotions without fear of judgment? Are you seeking validation, understanding, and a way to heal from past traumas? Is your goal to gain tools to cope with life's challenges and feel empowered to make positive changes? If so, seeking therapy is a courageous and important step towards achieving your mental health and well-being.
(612) 501-6807 View (612) 501-6807
Photo of Catherine Russell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Catherine Russell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
I work with families who have experienced a variety of traumas in my work at Children's Hospital in Minneapolis and St. Paul. Much of the that job involves counseling parents who have lost an infant or child, or who have a child with chronic health problems, or whose child has a life threatening condition. In addition, couples who try to have another child after a loss have specific needs. When interventions are available to address the trauma of child illness or death right away, we can sometimes reduce the severity of the struggles with their trauma.
I work with families who have experienced a variety of traumas in my work at Children's Hospital in Minneapolis and St. Paul. Much of the that job involves counseling parents who have lost an infant or child, or who have a child with chronic health problems, or whose child has a life threatening condition. In addition, couples who try to have another child after a loss have specific needs. When interventions are available to address the trauma of child illness or death right away, we can sometimes reduce the severity of the struggles with their trauma.
(612) 260-4569 View (612) 260-4569
Photo of Shlomo Schloss, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Shlomo Schloss
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55416  (Online Only)
Our journey begins with a mutual exploration, where I strive to understand you on a profound level through thoughtful inquiries, while also respecting your boundaries. These questions are designed to unearth your essence, identify your strengths, and pinpoint obstacles to your success. If you find value in it, I may provide assignments to further your growth. Progress is not only rooted in our sessions' revelations but also in embracing your authentic self. Together, we embark on a transformative path towards personal and professional flourishing.
Our journey begins with a mutual exploration, where I strive to understand you on a profound level through thoughtful inquiries, while also respecting your boundaries. These questions are designed to unearth your essence, identify your strengths, and pinpoint obstacles to your success. If you find value in it, I may provide assignments to further your growth. Progress is not only rooted in our sessions' revelations but also in embracing your authentic self. Together, we embark on a transformative path towards personal and professional flourishing.
(952) 900-3053 View (952) 900-3053
Photo of Kori Hennessy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Kori Hennessy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55409
Sexual concerns, past traumas, anxieties, self-doubt and unhelpful communication patterns can leave us feeling stuck. I help people remove the road blocks that keep them from having fulfilling connections with the people who matter most in their lives. I am passionate about helping individuals and couples feel empowered to live their best lives. I strive to help couples deepen their emotional and sexual relationship People who work with me often describe my style as calm, empathetic, straight forward and insightful.
Sexual concerns, past traumas, anxieties, self-doubt and unhelpful communication patterns can leave us feeling stuck. I help people remove the road blocks that keep them from having fulfilling connections with the people who matter most in their lives. I am passionate about helping individuals and couples feel empowered to live their best lives. I strive to help couples deepen their emotional and sexual relationship People who work with me often describe my style as calm, empathetic, straight forward and insightful.
(651) 800-4538 View (651) 800-4538
Photo of Emma Schneider, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Emma Schneider
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408
As a human navigating this ever-changing world, it is my belief that we each hold knowledge, power, and peace within ourselves. However, it is fair to say that we don't always feel this way. I have experience working with individuals experiencing anxiety, shame, depression, life change, and trauma. My therapeutic goal is to hold space for you, support you, and help you enrich your life. I am committed to social justice and believe that systemic dynamics influence a person's mental health. I continually strive to have a validating space for all identities, and I advocate for anti-oppression on both community and systemic platforms.
As a human navigating this ever-changing world, it is my belief that we each hold knowledge, power, and peace within ourselves. However, it is fair to say that we don't always feel this way. I have experience working with individuals experiencing anxiety, shame, depression, life change, and trauma. My therapeutic goal is to hold space for you, support you, and help you enrich your life. I am committed to social justice and believe that systemic dynamics influence a person's mental health. I continually strive to have a validating space for all identities, and I advocate for anti-oppression on both community and systemic platforms.
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Photo of Catherine Rye, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Catherine Rye
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55419
I believe when working with people you must look at all aspects of their being; the mental, biological, emotional, spiritual, and cultural to address issues being experienced. Our work as therapists is to work as guides, along with the client, to explore deeper issues that are manifesting in their lives. I seek to find an integrative approach with each client that best fits their needs. Providing a safe and empathetic environment, informed by mindfulness, Polyvagal Theory, and other therapeutic theories and methods, I work to empower and develop skills that provide positive change in client’s lives.
I believe when working with people you must look at all aspects of their being; the mental, biological, emotional, spiritual, and cultural to address issues being experienced. Our work as therapists is to work as guides, along with the client, to explore deeper issues that are manifesting in their lives. I seek to find an integrative approach with each client that best fits their needs. Providing a safe and empathetic environment, informed by mindfulness, Polyvagal Theory, and other therapeutic theories and methods, I work to empower and develop skills that provide positive change in client’s lives.
(612) 712-5848 View (612) 712-5848
Photo of Jessica Grad, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Jessica Grad
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55401
< Immediate appointments available > In our sessions, we'll work to create a comfortable space for you to discuss your experiences, work through presenting challenges, and build new and adaptive thought patterns and behaviors. Our interventions and treatment goals will be catered to your specific needs and we'll work together to create coping strategies that empower you to reach your goals.
< Immediate appointments available > In our sessions, we'll work to create a comfortable space for you to discuss your experiences, work through presenting challenges, and build new and adaptive thought patterns and behaviors. Our interventions and treatment goals will be catered to your specific needs and we'll work together to create coping strategies that empower you to reach your goals.
(763) 710-6236 View (763) 710-6236
Photo of Christine Mia Kerno, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Christine Mia Kerno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55408  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I specialize in trauma focused EMDR and Adaptive Internal Relations (AIR Network), substance use issues, and the care and treatment of the LGBTQIA community including transgender folk. As a male to female transgender person and a mental health professional I provide culturally specific services to the LGBTQIA community. I am an expert in the care and treatment of people living with or at high risk for HIV.
I specialize in trauma focused EMDR and Adaptive Internal Relations (AIR Network), substance use issues, and the care and treatment of the LGBTQIA community including transgender folk. As a male to female transgender person and a mental health professional I provide culturally specific services to the LGBTQIA community. I am an expert in the care and treatment of people living with or at high risk for HIV.
(612) 261-0871 View (612) 261-0871
Photo of Rachel Hawkins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Rachel Hawkins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55408  (Online Only)
As a therapist who believes in the transformative power of therapy, I work alongside clients as they address problems big and small while balancing acceptance and change. I take a non-judgmental stance and strive to remain client-centered. I believe change takes place through our co-created relationship. With experience supporting clients with a wide range of symptoms, labels, and concerns I work to join clients on their journey to identify and achieve their therapeutic goals.
As a therapist who believes in the transformative power of therapy, I work alongside clients as they address problems big and small while balancing acceptance and change. I take a non-judgmental stance and strive to remain client-centered. I believe change takes place through our co-created relationship. With experience supporting clients with a wide range of symptoms, labels, and concerns I work to join clients on their journey to identify and achieve their therapeutic goals.
(952) 260-8144 View (952) 260-8144
Photo of Mark Teresa, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Mark Teresa
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MArch, LMFT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55413
Whether you are looking to move more thoughtfully through a difficult life transition, relieve suffering, find joy and connections in your intimate relationships, or to improve satisfaction in the day to day, therapy can help you to cultivate and sustain the positive changes you are seeking. My warmth, collaborative approach, and expertise guides clients to be self-reflective, develop tools, and create lasting change.
Whether you are looking to move more thoughtfully through a difficult life transition, relieve suffering, find joy and connections in your intimate relationships, or to improve satisfaction in the day to day, therapy can help you to cultivate and sustain the positive changes you are seeking. My warmth, collaborative approach, and expertise guides clients to be self-reflective, develop tools, and create lasting change.
(612) 223-6508 View (612) 223-6508
Photo of Cindy Nelson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Cindy Nelson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408
I am dedicated to helping people on their unique journeys toward healing and personal growth. In my role as therapist, I know that trust is sacred. I have a deep respect for the journeys people are on, whether that is a journey across borders, facing a challenge, or simply coming to know oneself better. My goal in therapy is to let compassion guide me.
I am dedicated to helping people on their unique journeys toward healing and personal growth. In my role as therapist, I know that trust is sacred. I have a deep respect for the journeys people are on, whether that is a journey across borders, facing a challenge, or simply coming to know oneself better. My goal in therapy is to let compassion guide me.
(612) 453-3876 View (612) 453-3876
Photo of Kristen Hayashi, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Kristen Hayashi
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55414
Therapy provides a safe space for exploring challenges, developing strengths, gaining coping skills and growing to a better understanding of ourselves. We can share and process our experiences, emotions, beliefs and thoughts without fear of judgment. Therapy is a team relationship, we work together. My goal is to be your teammate, cheerleader, sounding board, empathetic confidant, and guide. As the therapist, I am there with some humor, support, curiosity, compassion, and understanding. I want to empower you so you can regain confidence in your resilience. Be yourself, you matter! You are worthy to get your needs met.
Therapy provides a safe space for exploring challenges, developing strengths, gaining coping skills and growing to a better understanding of ourselves. We can share and process our experiences, emotions, beliefs and thoughts without fear of judgment. Therapy is a team relationship, we work together. My goal is to be your teammate, cheerleader, sounding board, empathetic confidant, and guide. As the therapist, I am there with some humor, support, curiosity, compassion, and understanding. I want to empower you so you can regain confidence in your resilience. Be yourself, you matter! You are worthy to get your needs met.
(612) 886-2524 View (612) 886-2524
Photo of Rachael Dee, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Rachael Dee
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55409
My style has been described as warm, relatable, encouraging, and witty. Using a holistic approach that takes the body, mind and spirit into account, I help you look deeper to understand the patterns, thoughts, and beliefs that shape your behavior. As a former teacher, I also enjoy learning and sharing knowledge about psychological concepts with clients.
My style has been described as warm, relatable, encouraging, and witty. Using a holistic approach that takes the body, mind and spirit into account, I help you look deeper to understand the patterns, thoughts, and beliefs that shape your behavior. As a former teacher, I also enjoy learning and sharing knowledge about psychological concepts with clients.
(612) 482-9305 View (612) 482-9305
Photo of Caitlin Spies, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Caitlin Spies
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55402
People often seek psychotherapy when they have had experiences that are painful and difficult to understand or talk about with even the closest people in their lives. In these times, many people find it helpful to have a trusting, compassionate, and confidential professional relationship where they can work things through. Talking through our experiences and feelings has the power to heal and to make deep, long-lasting change. I am committed to fostering a safe and comfortable context to help my clients do the important work of understanding the most troubling parts of their lives and relationships.
People often seek psychotherapy when they have had experiences that are painful and difficult to understand or talk about with even the closest people in their lives. In these times, many people find it helpful to have a trusting, compassionate, and confidential professional relationship where they can work things through. Talking through our experiences and feelings has the power to heal and to make deep, long-lasting change. I am committed to fostering a safe and comfortable context to help my clients do the important work of understanding the most troubling parts of their lives and relationships.
(612) 255-1476 View (612) 255-1476
Photo of Doug Perry, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Doug Perry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55408
"To exist is to change, to change is to mature, to mature is to go on creating oneself endlessly". The therapeutic relationship is a partnership between two people who endeavor to co-create change. I have helped clients examine a wide range of issues (relational conflict, workplace difficulties, eating disorders, body image distress, addictions, trauma, spirituality, gender identity, aging, grief and loss, and sexual orientation). We will work together to alleviate your most pressing problems as well as develop a fuller understanding of the underlying issues that keep you stuck in emotional patterns that limit your capacity to enjoy the quality of life you desire.
"To exist is to change, to change is to mature, to mature is to go on creating oneself endlessly". The therapeutic relationship is a partnership between two people who endeavor to co-create change. I have helped clients examine a wide range of issues (relational conflict, workplace difficulties, eating disorders, body image distress, addictions, trauma, spirituality, gender identity, aging, grief and loss, and sexual orientation). We will work together to alleviate your most pressing problems as well as develop a fuller understanding of the underlying issues that keep you stuck in emotional patterns that limit your capacity to enjoy the quality of life you desire.
(612) 294-7684 View (612) 294-7684
Photo of Patricia Ann Lucas, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Patricia Ann Lucas
Counselor, PhD, R-DMT, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55416
It is my experience that the fullest, most satisfying healing involves our whole person, mind, body, and spirit. By focusing on patterns of movement in the body as well as thinking, we work together to achieve your goals for therapy. A body based and energetic focus is often a new and effective way for people to resolve issues that only talking about them did not reach. I look for resistance and protective actions that no longer serve a person. I emphasize developing aliveness in the body, feeling joyful, free, and peace.
It is my experience that the fullest, most satisfying healing involves our whole person, mind, body, and spirit. By focusing on patterns of movement in the body as well as thinking, we work together to achieve your goals for therapy. A body based and energetic focus is often a new and effective way for people to resolve issues that only talking about them did not reach. I look for resistance and protective actions that no longer serve a person. I emphasize developing aliveness in the body, feeling joyful, free, and peace.
(612) 326-6793 View (612) 326-6793

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Minneapolis, MN who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% UCare
67% Aetna

How Therapists in Minneapolis, MN see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
21% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Minneapolis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.