Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

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Photo of Kristen Schmidt-Shay, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Kristen Schmidt-Shay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55416
I have a strong interest in working with people who have a history of trauma and mood disorders. I use a variety of techniques especially tailored to the individual including Dialectical Behavior Therapy, EMDR, and exposure therapy, as well as mindfulness and cognitive techniques (CBT). I am also certified by the Linehan Board for Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
I have a strong interest in working with people who have a history of trauma and mood disorders. I use a variety of techniques especially tailored to the individual including Dialectical Behavior Therapy, EMDR, and exposure therapy, as well as mindfulness and cognitive techniques (CBT). I am also certified by the Linehan Board for Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
(612) 712-3266 View (612) 712-3266
Photo of Justin Bradley Matthews, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Justin Bradley Matthews
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55439
Getting tangled up with anxiety can feel like playing tug-of-war. Worrying, ruminating, and "what if" thoughts take up can take up so much of your time, making it hard to enjoy the things you love. Maybe you've spent your days trying to fix the way you feel through yoga, meditating, exercising, and even traditional talk therapy. But nothing gives you much relief. You are still stuck and wondering how to get out. If you struggle with anxiety, panic, intrusive thoughts, or OCD…. you are not alone. You are not crazy. You can be back to your old self again. Therapy can help you to be present in your every day life.
Getting tangled up with anxiety can feel like playing tug-of-war. Worrying, ruminating, and "what if" thoughts take up can take up so much of your time, making it hard to enjoy the things you love. Maybe you've spent your days trying to fix the way you feel through yoga, meditating, exercising, and even traditional talk therapy. But nothing gives you much relief. You are still stuck and wondering how to get out. If you struggle with anxiety, panic, intrusive thoughts, or OCD…. you are not alone. You are not crazy. You can be back to your old self again. Therapy can help you to be present in your every day life.
(952) 204-5857 View (952) 204-5857
Photo of Compassion Therapy with Chaya, Licensed Professional Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Compassion Therapy with Chaya
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55416
I provide therapeutic solutions to adults and teenagers that are struggling with relationships, low self-worth, high levels of anxiety and depression. I specialize in working with clients who have a history of trauma related to family dysfunction, difficult relationships, or loss of loved ones. My clients are looking to restore confidence, clarity, and serenity to their lives.
I provide therapeutic solutions to adults and teenagers that are struggling with relationships, low self-worth, high levels of anxiety and depression. I specialize in working with clients who have a history of trauma related to family dysfunction, difficult relationships, or loss of loved ones. My clients are looking to restore confidence, clarity, and serenity to their lives.
(612) 445-2947 View (612) 445-2947
Photo of Allison Herdering, Licensed Professional Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Allison Herdering
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
I have a passion for working with adolescents and young adults and the unique struggles that come with these stages of life. Using a person-centered approach, I aim to create a space for you to tell your individual story in a safe and trusting environment. I want to know you and help you feel that your problems are valid, real, and manageable. Though we are all individuals, we grow up and live within systems and social contexts that shape our experiences, and I do my best to acknowledge this aspect of you in addition to your autonomy.
I have a passion for working with adolescents and young adults and the unique struggles that come with these stages of life. Using a person-centered approach, I aim to create a space for you to tell your individual story in a safe and trusting environment. I want to know you and help you feel that your problems are valid, real, and manageable. Though we are all individuals, we grow up and live within systems and social contexts that shape our experiences, and I do my best to acknowledge this aspect of you in addition to your autonomy.
(612) 429-4766 x727 View (612) 429-4766 x727
Photo of Erin Appel, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Erin Appel
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Crisis is a normal part of human life. We all have them. We can allow them to demoralize us and make us more scared and hopeless, but that’s not the only option. We can also use these moments of pain to learn and grow, and become stronger and more resilient. If we are patient, they can also transform our hearts and make us more compassionate.
Crisis is a normal part of human life. We all have them. We can allow them to demoralize us and make us more scared and hopeless, but that’s not the only option. We can also use these moments of pain to learn and grow, and become stronger and more resilient. If we are patient, they can also transform our hearts and make us more compassionate.
(612) 482-5534 View (612) 482-5534
Photo of Erika Farrell at Caspersen Therapy , Licensed Professional Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Erika Farrell at Caspersen Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55406  (Online Only)
Currently not accepting new clients. My approach to therapy is person-centered, collaborative and dynamic. I see it as my role to help you pause and reflect, and challenge the schemas that may be keeping you stuck in undesired patterns of behavior. While therapy is serious work, it’s also important to laugh at the absurd moments and try to enjoy the journey as we walk it together. If you're struggling with relationships, feeling unheard or confused, reeling from a traumatic event or history, or experiencing a loss, we can work through these issues at your pace.
Currently not accepting new clients. My approach to therapy is person-centered, collaborative and dynamic. I see it as my role to help you pause and reflect, and challenge the schemas that may be keeping you stuck in undesired patterns of behavior. While therapy is serious work, it’s also important to laugh at the absurd moments and try to enjoy the journey as we walk it together. If you're struggling with relationships, feeling unheard or confused, reeling from a traumatic event or history, or experiencing a loss, we can work through these issues at your pace.
(612) 662-7989 View (612) 662-7989
Photo of Todd Mehlhoff, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Todd Mehlhoff
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55417
Are you feeling overwhelmed with life? Do you struggle to get through your day? My emphasis is on helping you to identify problem areas in your life and come up with practical solutions to help overcome internal and/or external hurdles. I believe one of the most important factors in meeting your goals is for us to establish an open and trusting relationship. I will listen to your description of the reality you experience and facilitate defining your goals for therapy.
Are you feeling overwhelmed with life? Do you struggle to get through your day? My emphasis is on helping you to identify problem areas in your life and come up with practical solutions to help overcome internal and/or external hurdles. I believe one of the most important factors in meeting your goals is for us to establish an open and trusting relationship. I will listen to your description of the reality you experience and facilitate defining your goals for therapy.
(612) 875-8380 View (612) 875-8380
Photo of Karen Ilvedson, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Karen Ilvedson
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55409
I offer therapy for a variety of mental health issues and have an extensive background in depth psychology and Jungian therapy. I enjoy working with individuals who are interested in deeply understanding themselves. In contrast to mainstream approaches to therapy, which focus on teaching skills or challenging a person's thinking, I emphasize working to understand the emotional-relational-spiritual roots of my client's psychology. It is at this deeper level that lasting change can occur.
I offer therapy for a variety of mental health issues and have an extensive background in depth psychology and Jungian therapy. I enjoy working with individuals who are interested in deeply understanding themselves. In contrast to mainstream approaches to therapy, which focus on teaching skills or challenging a person's thinking, I emphasize working to understand the emotional-relational-spiritual roots of my client's psychology. It is at this deeper level that lasting change can occur.
(612) 351-6230 View (612) 351-6230
Photo of Jessica Sawyer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Jessica Sawyer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55413
Waitlist for new clients
I believe you are the authority on your own life. Within you exists the potential to express your authentic self and to live a fulfilling life. However, there are times in our lives when we may experience stress, depression, anxiety, anger, or complacency. When this happens it can be difficult to manage our lives effectively and with peace of mind. This is when professional support can be helpful. Whatever concerns you are struggling with, I will collaborate with you to help you identify your goals and develop a treatment approach to empower you to realize them.
I believe you are the authority on your own life. Within you exists the potential to express your authentic self and to live a fulfilling life. However, there are times in our lives when we may experience stress, depression, anxiety, anger, or complacency. When this happens it can be difficult to manage our lives effectively and with peace of mind. This is when professional support can be helpful. Whatever concerns you are struggling with, I will collaborate with you to help you identify your goals and develop a treatment approach to empower you to realize them.
(612) 567-7954 View (612) 567-7954
Photo of Kathleen A Sullivan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Kathleen A Sullivan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55416
Now accepting new clients for my "Contemplating Retirement" Group and for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy! Navigating the world can be exhilarating and challenging. I am passionate about supporting you in thriving, not just surviving. I am here to listen, to care, to celebrate joys and support struggles. I will encourage and empower you to embrace your strengths, engage meaningfully, and live your life authentically.
Now accepting new clients for my "Contemplating Retirement" Group and for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy! Navigating the world can be exhilarating and challenging. I am passionate about supporting you in thriving, not just surviving. I am here to listen, to care, to celebrate joys and support struggles. I will encourage and empower you to embrace your strengths, engage meaningfully, and live your life authentically.
(612) 416-1292 View (612) 416-1292
Photo of Eric F. Boone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Eric F. Boone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Psychotherapy is something that happens between people...you and me. It is a process that I expertly and sensitively guide, but it is something that we experience together. Relationships, past and present, may be a source of pain, frustration, or fear...but they are also the key to unlocking your full potential. Together, we will work to alleviate your most pressing problems as well as to develop a fuller understanding of the deeper, underlying issues that keep you stuck in emotional and relational patterns that limit your capacity to more fully give and receive love.
Psychotherapy is something that happens between people...you and me. It is a process that I expertly and sensitively guide, but it is something that we experience together. Relationships, past and present, may be a source of pain, frustration, or fear...but they are also the key to unlocking your full potential. Together, we will work to alleviate your most pressing problems as well as to develop a fuller understanding of the deeper, underlying issues that keep you stuck in emotional and relational patterns that limit your capacity to more fully give and receive love.
(612) 454-9798 View (612) 454-9798
Photo of Minneapolis Nature-Based Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Minneapolis Nature-Based Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55417
Waitlist for new clients
Taking therapy outside into nature allows access to powerful resources to help you address your goals, increase emotional and physical well-being and promote healing and resilience. In this practice my colleagues and I meet outside year-round in the South Minneapolis area, walking along the creek or river, sitting under a favorite pine tree or on a bench by the lake, with the option of telehealth when the weather is unsafe or just too cold. My style is supportive, warm, playful and experiential. We can address attachment difficulties, emotional and behavioral regulation, stress, anxiety, depression, grief and trauma.
Taking therapy outside into nature allows access to powerful resources to help you address your goals, increase emotional and physical well-being and promote healing and resilience. In this practice my colleagues and I meet outside year-round in the South Minneapolis area, walking along the creek or river, sitting under a favorite pine tree or on a bench by the lake, with the option of telehealth when the weather is unsafe or just too cold. My style is supportive, warm, playful and experiential. We can address attachment difficulties, emotional and behavioral regulation, stress, anxiety, depression, grief and trauma.
(612) 351-3207 View (612) 351-3207
Photo of Mamie Vetsch, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Mamie Vetsch
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ATR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55419
Is your past creeping into your present? Are your worries regarding the future stealing you away from the here and now? Sessions with me often involve art making to help ground you into the present moment and create awareness around personal patterns and mistaken beliefs. Art and other creative tools will help to empower you to make the necessary changes to live a full, expansive life. You do not need any experience in art making to work in this way; we are making marks, not masterpieces. I believe everyone has the capacity to be creative. Don't agree? I'll gently guide you into your creative space and I think you'll be surprised!
Is your past creeping into your present? Are your worries regarding the future stealing you away from the here and now? Sessions with me often involve art making to help ground you into the present moment and create awareness around personal patterns and mistaken beliefs. Art and other creative tools will help to empower you to make the necessary changes to live a full, expansive life. You do not need any experience in art making to work in this way; we are making marks, not masterpieces. I believe everyone has the capacity to be creative. Don't agree? I'll gently guide you into your creative space and I think you'll be surprised!
(952) 260-7840 View (952) 260-7840
Photo of Joy Xie, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Joy Xie
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408
I strive to bring unconditional positive regard, empathy, and cultural responsiveness to meet you where you are and walk in this journey of discovery, growth, and healing with you. I believe in the power of a strong therapeutic relationship, insight, and therapeutic tools and skills to actualize positive, productive change in your life. I will honor you as the expert of your own life and value your autonomy in counseling direction, decision-making, and taking action. Practicing from a strengths-based, trauma-informed, and client-centered approach, I work with primarily adults.
I strive to bring unconditional positive regard, empathy, and cultural responsiveness to meet you where you are and walk in this journey of discovery, growth, and healing with you. I believe in the power of a strong therapeutic relationship, insight, and therapeutic tools and skills to actualize positive, productive change in your life. I will honor you as the expert of your own life and value your autonomy in counseling direction, decision-making, and taking action. Practicing from a strengths-based, trauma-informed, and client-centered approach, I work with primarily adults.
(612) 445-0257 View (612) 445-0257
Photo of Paul Blaske, Licensed Professional Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Paul Blaske
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55414
I help with anxiety, depression, acculturation, emerging adulthood, life transitions, relationships, stress management, and trauma. My approach to therapy is rooted in biopsychosocial philosophies that recognize the interconnected nature of emotions, physiology, and culture. By helping facilitate an understanding of the dynamic flow of energy, I help people access self-compassion and unburden parts of themselves that carry conflicting narratives. I use acceptance and commitment, internal family systems, and narrative therapies.
I help with anxiety, depression, acculturation, emerging adulthood, life transitions, relationships, stress management, and trauma. My approach to therapy is rooted in biopsychosocial philosophies that recognize the interconnected nature of emotions, physiology, and culture. By helping facilitate an understanding of the dynamic flow of energy, I help people access self-compassion and unburden parts of themselves that carry conflicting narratives. I use acceptance and commitment, internal family systems, and narrative therapies.
(612) 448-9971 View (612) 448-9971
Photo of Diver Van Avery, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Diver Van Avery
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55401
I love working with GLBTQ+ couples in any form of relationship, people wanting to explore their creativity and/or gender, and anyone who wants to feel more aligned and empowered. It is my hope that the therapeutic journey will lead you to feel a deeper connection with yourself and a richer set of community/spiritual connections that let you experience authentic belonging. I want to co-create a space of courageous introspection that allows you to look back at your past and to name the moments in your present that need tending.
I love working with GLBTQ+ couples in any form of relationship, people wanting to explore their creativity and/or gender, and anyone who wants to feel more aligned and empowered. It is my hope that the therapeutic journey will lead you to feel a deeper connection with yourself and a richer set of community/spiritual connections that let you experience authentic belonging. I want to co-create a space of courageous introspection that allows you to look back at your past and to name the moments in your present that need tending.
(763) 373-6582 View (763) 373-6582
Photo of Lora Rodriguez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Lora Rodriguez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55401
Hi! I am the owner of Kos Counseling, and have been working in the mental health field for 19 years with an emphasis on serving LGBTQ and BIPOC folks. I see clients of all ages, but focus on working with young adults and teens. I help people to learn to cope with anxiety, depression, trauma, and other symptoms while also getting more connected to themselves. I also help people navigate difficult relationships (family, friends, partners) in more productive ways. Sessions with me are filled with compassion, openness, realistic optimism, and a mix of sitting with the hardest emotions while also creating space to laugh.
Hi! I am the owner of Kos Counseling, and have been working in the mental health field for 19 years with an emphasis on serving LGBTQ and BIPOC folks. I see clients of all ages, but focus on working with young adults and teens. I help people to learn to cope with anxiety, depression, trauma, and other symptoms while also getting more connected to themselves. I also help people navigate difficult relationships (family, friends, partners) in more productive ways. Sessions with me are filled with compassion, openness, realistic optimism, and a mix of sitting with the hardest emotions while also creating space to laugh.
(952) 230-0069 View (952) 230-0069
Photo of Luke Yost, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Luke Yost
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55401
A client who is facing any life transition, whether it be parenting, identity concerns, career concerns, new relationships, or relationship milestones, growing into adulthood, or gender identity. Client's needs could be based on these life transitions, and also the surrounding symptoms concerning mood, anxiety, stress, and conflict. Client's hope to better themselves in their own growth in identity, stress management, relationships, career, family, and life. Client's also hope to understand symptomatic features and shape that understanding into values and committed driven action.
A client who is facing any life transition, whether it be parenting, identity concerns, career concerns, new relationships, or relationship milestones, growing into adulthood, or gender identity. Client's needs could be based on these life transitions, and also the surrounding symptoms concerning mood, anxiety, stress, and conflict. Client's hope to better themselves in their own growth in identity, stress management, relationships, career, family, and life. Client's also hope to understand symptomatic features and shape that understanding into values and committed driven action.
View
Photo of Sarah Newberry Donovan, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Sarah Newberry Donovan
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55406
You may be feeling overwhelmed, groundless, sad, confused. You need a safe space to unpack and process at a pace that feels right for you. I will always respect your boundaries and limits while also inviting you to dig deeper to better understand yourself and others. You will be listened to and supported as we work together to achieve your goals for wellbeing and for positive connections with others. I strive to work from a place of affirming all identities, including a committment to HAES and body liberation.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, groundless, sad, confused. You need a safe space to unpack and process at a pace that feels right for you. I will always respect your boundaries and limits while also inviting you to dig deeper to better understand yourself and others. You will be listened to and supported as we work together to achieve your goals for wellbeing and for positive connections with others. I strive to work from a place of affirming all identities, including a committment to HAES and body liberation.
(612) 439-4540 View (612) 439-4540
Photo of Kristi Granacher, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Minneapolis, MN
Kristi Granacher
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LAMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55409
Considering therapy is courageous! I provide a safe, non-judgmental, and validating space for couples, individuals, and families to gain clarity about unhelpful patterns, get support as they work through emotions that are tough to feel and even tougher to share. I hope to help clients build a solid emotional intelligence tool kit to respond more intuitively to themselves and more effectively to the people around them. I believe that in the face of life’s challenges, people are capable of change and of living their best lives. My hope is that you will be empowered to believe that, too.
Considering therapy is courageous! I provide a safe, non-judgmental, and validating space for couples, individuals, and families to gain clarity about unhelpful patterns, get support as they work through emotions that are tough to feel and even tougher to share. I hope to help clients build a solid emotional intelligence tool kit to respond more intuitively to themselves and more effectively to the people around them. I believe that in the face of life’s challenges, people are capable of change and of living their best lives. My hope is that you will be empowered to believe that, too.
(952) 222-1457 View (952) 222-1457

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Minneapolis, MN who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% UCare
68% HealthPartners of MN and WI

How Therapists in Minneapolis, MN see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
21% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Minneapolis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.