Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Anthony F Jannetti, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Anthony F Jannetti
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
I have been a therapist for over 25 years and have worked in many different settings. I am very experienced in treating people with a broad spectrum of psychological problems. I have a long history of treating people who have experienced different types of trauma from sexual abuse to the effects of living in a war zone. I can help people who experience anxiety and depression and relationship issues. I am trained in cognitive behavior therapy but have studied many other treatment modalities. I am a teaching and supervising member of the International Integrative Psychotherapy Association.
I have been a therapist for over 25 years and have worked in many different settings. I am very experienced in treating people with a broad spectrum of psychological problems. I have a long history of treating people who have experienced different types of trauma from sexual abuse to the effects of living in a war zone. I can help people who experience anxiety and depression and relationship issues. I am trained in cognitive behavior therapy but have studied many other treatment modalities. I am a teaching and supervising member of the International Integrative Psychotherapy Association.
(415) 299-8381 View (415) 299-8381
Photo of Lisa Sporri, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Lisa Sporri
Psychologist, PhD, MEd
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118
Are you concerned about your child's development? Is your child experiencing learning difficulties? I conduct pediatric neuropsychological evaluations to help understand how your child learns best and then provide recommendations based on that learning profile. My goal is to bridge the gap between neuropsychological assessment and educational/treatment programming. I am not only a pediatric neuropsychologist, but have a master's degree in special education. This enables me to better integrate the neuropsychological assessment and educational programming. Integral to my approach is translating the neurocognitive profile to parents, educators and physicians in a meaningful, practical and collaborative manner.
Are you concerned about your child's development? Is your child experiencing learning difficulties? I conduct pediatric neuropsychological evaluations to help understand how your child learns best and then provide recommendations based on that learning profile. My goal is to bridge the gap between neuropsychological assessment and educational/treatment programming. I am not only a pediatric neuropsychologist, but have a master's degree in special education. This enables me to better integrate the neuropsychological assessment and educational programming. Integral to my approach is translating the neurocognitive profile to parents, educators and physicians in a meaningful, practical and collaborative manner.
(415) 534-6127 View (415) 534-6127
Photo of German Cheung, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
German Cheung
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
Everyone is unique. Your thoughts, feelings and needs are shaped by your own background, family history, past interpersonal encounters and other significant events, including early child trauma. Psychotherapy is an emotional process. As we discuss your concerns, it will surface unexamined parts of your life of which you may not be aware or want to experience. My central role as your therapist is to help you talk about and understand more fully these unexamined thoughts, feelings, and needs in the context of your past, develop greater understanding, tolerance and acceptance, and to bring changes to your current situation.
Everyone is unique. Your thoughts, feelings and needs are shaped by your own background, family history, past interpersonal encounters and other significant events, including early child trauma. Psychotherapy is an emotional process. As we discuss your concerns, it will surface unexamined parts of your life of which you may not be aware or want to experience. My central role as your therapist is to help you talk about and understand more fully these unexamined thoughts, feelings, and needs in the context of your past, develop greater understanding, tolerance and acceptance, and to bring changes to your current situation.
(415) 649-1916 View (415) 649-1916
Photo of Isobel Heath, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Isobel Heath
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
Therapy improves relationships. The individuals I work with are often tired of repeating the same patterns again and again, whether it's dating abuse, codependency, or chronic relationship conflict, anxiety, avoidance or indecision. They're ready to get to the root causes and finally make real change. Of course, all relationships start with and reflect your relationship to yourself. If you're dealing with a harsh inner critic, imposter syndrome or low self-worth, this internal relationship deserves your careful attention first.
Therapy improves relationships. The individuals I work with are often tired of repeating the same patterns again and again, whether it's dating abuse, codependency, or chronic relationship conflict, anxiety, avoidance or indecision. They're ready to get to the root causes and finally make real change. Of course, all relationships start with and reflect your relationship to yourself. If you're dealing with a harsh inner critic, imposter syndrome or low self-worth, this internal relationship deserves your careful attention first.
(415) 630-7460 View (415) 630-7460
Photo of Joshua Cross, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Joshua Cross
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102  (Online Only)
Do you know what you want? Do you want to be free? Happy? Relaxed in your body? Content? Passionate and sexy? Courageous in the face of fear? More connected to your partner or to the Divine? How do you get in the way of living the life you want? Do you constantly judge yourself? Noticing all the ways you "fail" to live up to way you "should" be. Or do you tend to direct that criticism outwards? Blaming others, feeling envy, or always waiting for external circumstances to line up just right so you can finally live how you want.
Do you know what you want? Do you want to be free? Happy? Relaxed in your body? Content? Passionate and sexy? Courageous in the face of fear? More connected to your partner or to the Divine? How do you get in the way of living the life you want? Do you constantly judge yourself? Noticing all the ways you "fail" to live up to way you "should" be. Or do you tend to direct that criticism outwards? Blaming others, feeling envy, or always waiting for external circumstances to line up just right so you can finally live how you want.
(415) 968-5393 View (415) 968-5393
Photo of Suzanne Klein, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Suzanne Klein
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118
If you are curious about your life and want to resolve troubling aspects of your relationships and feelings about yourself, I can help. Just like many others, you may have long-standing issues and current life struggles that cause you to feel sad or anxious and make it difficult for you to enjoy yourself and your loved ones to the fullest. Together we will sort through and understand how you've become the person you are now and how to help you heal from past traumas to gain greater perspective and happiness in your life and relationships going forward.
If you are curious about your life and want to resolve troubling aspects of your relationships and feelings about yourself, I can help. Just like many others, you may have long-standing issues and current life struggles that cause you to feel sad or anxious and make it difficult for you to enjoy yourself and your loved ones to the fullest. Together we will sort through and understand how you've become the person you are now and how to help you heal from past traumas to gain greater perspective and happiness in your life and relationships going forward.
(415) 630-5054 View (415) 630-5054
Photo of Manoj Kumar Sharma, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Manoj Kumar Sharma
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94109
Hi there, I'm Manoj Kumar! I am a licensed marriage and family therapist who works with adults and young adults on a range of issues including anxiety, depression, cultural stress, relationship issues, trauma, and PTSD. I employ techniques from CBT, DBT, Mindfulness, Psychodynamic therapy, Existential therapy, and Solution-focused therapy modalities. I help my clients overcome their stress and anxiety so they can be more productive and enjoy their life. I believe that evidence-based therapeutic practices are very useful in dealing with symptoms of mental illnesses which cause stress and discomfort.
Hi there, I'm Manoj Kumar! I am a licensed marriage and family therapist who works with adults and young adults on a range of issues including anxiety, depression, cultural stress, relationship issues, trauma, and PTSD. I employ techniques from CBT, DBT, Mindfulness, Psychodynamic therapy, Existential therapy, and Solution-focused therapy modalities. I help my clients overcome their stress and anxiety so they can be more productive and enjoy their life. I believe that evidence-based therapeutic practices are very useful in dealing with symptoms of mental illnesses which cause stress and discomfort.
(415) 965-5398 View (415) 965-5398
Photo of Lindsay Repko, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Lindsay Repko
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
Your experience is worthy of exploration and I believe that we all benefit from a protected space to journey through our history, needs, thoughts, and wishes around who we've been and who we want to be. I'm also familiar with the many ways that we can feel prohibited from giving ourselves such a space.
Your experience is worthy of exploration and I believe that we all benefit from a protected space to journey through our history, needs, thoughts, and wishes around who we've been and who we want to be. I'm also familiar with the many ways that we can feel prohibited from giving ourselves such a space.
(415) 630-6296 View (415) 630-6296
Photo of Amy Cole, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Amy Cole
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, NTP
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123
I offer psychotherapy for individuals and couples. I provide personalized, thoughtful support and guidance to help you create more satisfaction and success in your life. I work with people of diverse backgrounds, ages and lifestyles. Many people find that taking the first steps to begin therapy are the scariest. It may be the first time where you are attempting to make positive and healthful changes in your life. A trusting, secure relationship is important for your therapy. I am happy to discuss any concerns you may have and will answer your questions about therapy.
I offer psychotherapy for individuals and couples. I provide personalized, thoughtful support and guidance to help you create more satisfaction and success in your life. I work with people of diverse backgrounds, ages and lifestyles. Many people find that taking the first steps to begin therapy are the scariest. It may be the first time where you are attempting to make positive and healthful changes in your life. A trusting, secure relationship is important for your therapy. I am happy to discuss any concerns you may have and will answer your questions about therapy.
(415) 347-6952 View (415) 347-6952
Photo of Bryan Russo, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Bryan Russo
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
Too often psychotherapy focuses on causality, pathology and cures. However, rather than being "sick" or 'broken", often we are just lost inside ourselves or relationships. Everyone is a unique person with their own story, experience and perspective. The goal of therapy is to achieve a deeper awareness of where we are, to discover internal meaning for our many experiences, and to experience a life worth living. While working towards that awareness, I also feel it important to teach individuals, couples and families the skills needed to cope with the pain and day to day stressors that bring them into therapy.
Too often psychotherapy focuses on causality, pathology and cures. However, rather than being "sick" or 'broken", often we are just lost inside ourselves or relationships. Everyone is a unique person with their own story, experience and perspective. The goal of therapy is to achieve a deeper awareness of where we are, to discover internal meaning for our many experiences, and to experience a life worth living. While working towards that awareness, I also feel it important to teach individuals, couples and families the skills needed to cope with the pain and day to day stressors that bring them into therapy.
(415) 449-7330 View (415) 449-7330
Photo of Alexa Rosenstein, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Alexa Rosenstein
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
My goal for everyone who works with me is to make each day feel a little bit easier. Whether you’re coming into therapy wanting to focus on something specific, or you’re looking for a safe space to explore yourself and the world around you, I will support you in navigating whatever comes up during our sessions. Together, we will explore concepts through a lens of curiosity and non-judgement, understanding the roots and reasons connected to why you’re having certain thoughts/feelings/sensations, rather than immediately trying to exterminate them.
My goal for everyone who works with me is to make each day feel a little bit easier. Whether you’re coming into therapy wanting to focus on something specific, or you’re looking for a safe space to explore yourself and the world around you, I will support you in navigating whatever comes up during our sessions. Together, we will explore concepts through a lens of curiosity and non-judgement, understanding the roots and reasons connected to why you’re having certain thoughts/feelings/sensations, rather than immediately trying to exterminate them.
(415) 569-7498 View (415) 569-7498
Photo of Jennifer Machado, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Jennifer Machado
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94122
Are you currently facing a challenging personal or professional transition? Are you finding it difficult to navigate complex family or relationship dynamics? Do you need help identifying and establishing your personal boundaries, including revisiting and reinforcing existing ones?
Are you currently facing a challenging personal or professional transition? Are you finding it difficult to navigate complex family or relationship dynamics? Do you need help identifying and establishing your personal boundaries, including revisiting and reinforcing existing ones?
(415) 649-8072 View (415) 649-8072
Photo of Ruth Krumbhaar, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Ruth Krumbhaar
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, MA, CYT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118
Do you want to feel comfortable in your skin? Do you need support dealing with overwhelming emotions, a traumatic life event, or a life transition. I offer a grounding space where you can let your guard down and get to the heart of your personal work. With years of experience and training paired with a warm, playful, and pragmatic spirit. I encourage clients to explore their edge and find the connection between mind, body, behavior, and heart. Clients' unique cultural identity is honored throughout this process. I believe you are the expert on You and I help you connect with this innate wisdom to find your balance and potential.
Do you want to feel comfortable in your skin? Do you need support dealing with overwhelming emotions, a traumatic life event, or a life transition. I offer a grounding space where you can let your guard down and get to the heart of your personal work. With years of experience and training paired with a warm, playful, and pragmatic spirit. I encourage clients to explore their edge and find the connection between mind, body, behavior, and heart. Clients' unique cultural identity is honored throughout this process. I believe you are the expert on You and I help you connect with this innate wisdom to find your balance and potential.
(415) 528-5711 View (415) 528-5711
Photo of Elizabeth Owens, Associate Clinical Social Worker in San Francisco, CA
Elizabeth Owens
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ACSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
I enjoy working with an array of different types of individuals. Some of the people I work with are looking to gain tangible skills to overcome particular challenges in their lives, such as social anxiety, phobias, and OCD. Others seek out therapy with me because they are navigating life transitions, experiencing relationship difficulties, or looking to better understand themselves. My hope would be that throughout the course of therapy, their goals might evolve as they experience some relief from their symptoms and would shift to exploring their own values, identity, and spirituality.
I enjoy working with an array of different types of individuals. Some of the people I work with are looking to gain tangible skills to overcome particular challenges in their lives, such as social anxiety, phobias, and OCD. Others seek out therapy with me because they are navigating life transitions, experiencing relationship difficulties, or looking to better understand themselves. My hope would be that throughout the course of therapy, their goals might evolve as they experience some relief from their symptoms and would shift to exploring their own values, identity, and spirituality.
(628) 203-7796 View (628) 203-7796
Photo of Hector Saavedra, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Hector Saavedra
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94104  (Online Only)
I am a dedicated and committed LMFT who is dedicated to guiding clients in their therapeutic journey. I am a graduate of the MFT program at the University of Southern California. In the past, I have worked in various settings such as universities, schools, and clinics; in these settings, I have worked with those struggling with depression, anxiety, ADHD, addiction, and many other issues.
I am a dedicated and committed LMFT who is dedicated to guiding clients in their therapeutic journey. I am a graduate of the MFT program at the University of Southern California. In the past, I have worked in various settings such as universities, schools, and clinics; in these settings, I have worked with those struggling with depression, anxiety, ADHD, addiction, and many other issues.
(415) 275-6420 View (415) 275-6420
Photo of Diane Slap, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Diane Slap
Psychologist, PsyD, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
My clients are individuals with a strong desire to live their authentic lives. By tracking patterns that no longer serve them, making the unconscious conscious, we make changes that lead to a greater sense of intention and connection. I see a great many clients looking for deeper intimacy in their relationships, a sense of purpose in life, and a yearning to live life out loud. Together we shift from what happened to them to who they choose to become.
My clients are individuals with a strong desire to live their authentic lives. By tracking patterns that no longer serve them, making the unconscious conscious, we make changes that lead to a greater sense of intention and connection. I see a great many clients looking for deeper intimacy in their relationships, a sense of purpose in life, and a yearning to live life out loud. Together we shift from what happened to them to who they choose to become.
(415) 870-4110 View (415) 870-4110
Photo of Amanda Terronez, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Amanda Terronez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
My belief is that we can all use someone to support us in processing our thoughts and feelings. It can be difficult finding time, money and energy to find the right therapist. I would love to be of service to you on your journey. I believe the therapeutic relationship is essential to therapy. Together we will work to accomplish the goals you have for yourself. I believe that your core beliefs about yourself will impact the way you behave and feel; therefore, by considering and examining these beliefs, you can gradually alter them and consequently, alter your behaviors and emotions.
My belief is that we can all use someone to support us in processing our thoughts and feelings. It can be difficult finding time, money and energy to find the right therapist. I would love to be of service to you on your journey. I believe the therapeutic relationship is essential to therapy. Together we will work to accomplish the goals you have for yourself. I believe that your core beliefs about yourself will impact the way you behave and feel; therefore, by considering and examining these beliefs, you can gradually alter them and consequently, alter your behaviors and emotions.
(415) 449-8134 View (415) 449-8134
Photo of Kyle Hinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Kyle Hinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I use a client centered approach where the client works with me in deciding the direction of treatment. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with extensive skills and experience working with clients from age 4 to 70 with various issues such as anxiety, depression, and trauma. I quickly assist my clients in learning appropriate coping skills to assist with any intense feelings they are experiencing at the start of treatment. We then begin meeting weekly to explore those feelings as we work toward the goals established during the assessment process.
I use a client centered approach where the client works with me in deciding the direction of treatment. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with extensive skills and experience working with clients from age 4 to 70 with various issues such as anxiety, depression, and trauma. I quickly assist my clients in learning appropriate coping skills to assist with any intense feelings they are experiencing at the start of treatment. We then begin meeting weekly to explore those feelings as we work toward the goals established during the assessment process.
(415) 966-2306 View (415) 966-2306
Photo of Estella Violet, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Estella Violet
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
I work with folks dealing with a variety of life challenges including anxiety, depression, shame, gender dysphoria, trauma, and low self-esteem. My clinical focus is working with members of the queer community, and I am particularly interested in working with transgender and gender non-conforming adults and adolescents and their families as well as individuals and partners involved in polyamorous and non-monogamous relationships. Therapy is a space for healing, but I believe that it is equally important that we center joy, growth, and resilience in this work as well.
I work with folks dealing with a variety of life challenges including anxiety, depression, shame, gender dysphoria, trauma, and low self-esteem. My clinical focus is working with members of the queer community, and I am particularly interested in working with transgender and gender non-conforming adults and adolescents and their families as well as individuals and partners involved in polyamorous and non-monogamous relationships. Therapy is a space for healing, but I believe that it is equally important that we center joy, growth, and resilience in this work as well.
(415) 610-4989 View (415) 610-4989
Photo of Brooke Ferragamo, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Brooke Ferragamo
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118
I offer a grounded, warm, and personalized approach to help adolescents and adults cope with life transitions, chronic distress, trauma, and other mental health challenges such as depression and anxiety. I am passionate about serving adolescents who are struggling to find their place in our rapidly changing world, members of the LGBTQ+ community, and any folks who feel as though they have difficulty fitting into society's prescribed norms. Some folks reach out with a specific goal in mind, while just as many enter therapy with more of a feeling that something is not quite right. In either case, you are welcome here.
I offer a grounded, warm, and personalized approach to help adolescents and adults cope with life transitions, chronic distress, trauma, and other mental health challenges such as depression and anxiety. I am passionate about serving adolescents who are struggling to find their place in our rapidly changing world, members of the LGBTQ+ community, and any folks who feel as though they have difficulty fitting into society's prescribed norms. Some folks reach out with a specific goal in mind, while just as many enter therapy with more of a feeling that something is not quite right. In either case, you are welcome here.
(415) 639-4075 View (415) 639-4075

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.