Therapists in Surprise, AZ

Photo of Ashleigh Lange, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Surprise, AZ
Ashleigh Lange
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surprise, AZ 85379  (Online Only)
Ashleigh Lange, MSW, LCSW, devoted clinician with over 15 years of wide-ranging experience in the field of Social Work. Skilled in working with Geriatric, Adult and Adolescent populations. My background includes Crisis Intervention; Trauma informed care; Individual, Family and Group Therapies in Behavioral Health, Child Welfare, and in Educational settings.
Ashleigh Lange, MSW, LCSW, devoted clinician with over 15 years of wide-ranging experience in the field of Social Work. Skilled in working with Geriatric, Adult and Adolescent populations. My background includes Crisis Intervention; Trauma informed care; Individual, Family and Group Therapies in Behavioral Health, Child Welfare, and in Educational settings.
(623) 304-3845 View (623) 304-3845
Photo of Bonnie A DenDooven, Licensed Professional Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Bonnie A DenDooven
Licensed Professional Counselor, EMDR, CBT, ISTDP, LPC, Brief
Verified Verified
Surprise, AZ 85374
I'm passionate about helping people heal. I'll meet you where you are in pain, SEVERE DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, life struggles. My approach is SHORT-TERM with ISTDP -- "Intensive Short Term Dynamic Psychotherapy" -- based on empathy, genuineness, and it works QUICKLY to facilitate permanent change -- sometimes in a single session. Dramatic change in less than 5 sessions. Compassion and Empathy for you. Let's try something different to make a change in life. . . . . . . . . . . . “The greatest discovery of my generation is that human beings can alter their lives by altering their attitudes of mind.” —William James.
I'm passionate about helping people heal. I'll meet you where you are in pain, SEVERE DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, life struggles. My approach is SHORT-TERM with ISTDP -- "Intensive Short Term Dynamic Psychotherapy" -- based on empathy, genuineness, and it works QUICKLY to facilitate permanent change -- sometimes in a single session. Dramatic change in less than 5 sessions. Compassion and Empathy for you. Let's try something different to make a change in life. . . . . . . . . . . . “The greatest discovery of my generation is that human beings can alter their lives by altering their attitudes of mind.” —William James.
(623) 552-3868 View (623) 552-3868
Photo of Molly Cook, Body Mind & Spirit, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Surprise, AZ
Molly Cook, Body Mind & Spirit
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LISAC
Verified Verified
Surprise, AZ 85374
Molly Cook is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Licensed Independent Substance Abuse Counselor, trained in Intensive Short Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) and treats attachment disorders. Molly is a seasoned therapist with 23 years experience with assisting clients with in-patient, out-patient treatment and after care for Eating Disorders, Sex addiction, Alcohol, and Drugs helping clients to address their trauma and addiction (process and substance) issues. She has a certificate in Grief counseling and has experience with Hospice bereavement for families. She specializes in co-occuring mental health issues and addiction.
Molly Cook is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Licensed Independent Substance Abuse Counselor, trained in Intensive Short Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) and treats attachment disorders. Molly is a seasoned therapist with 23 years experience with assisting clients with in-patient, out-patient treatment and after care for Eating Disorders, Sex addiction, Alcohol, and Drugs helping clients to address their trauma and addiction (process and substance) issues. She has a certificate in Grief counseling and has experience with Hospice bereavement for families. She specializes in co-occuring mental health issues and addiction.
(623) 300-2599 View (623) 300-2599
Photo of Francesco Pisano, Marriage & Family Therapist in Surprise, AZ
Francesco Pisano
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surprise, AZ 85378  (Online Only)
I work collaboratively with clients to make sure all their needs are met while considering their cultural diversity and intergenerational/systemic trauma using a trauma-informed and attachment approach.”
I work collaboratively with clients to make sure all their needs are met while considering their cultural diversity and intergenerational/systemic trauma using a trauma-informed and attachment approach.”
(623) 303-0180 View (623) 303-0180
Photo of Jennifer Keiser in Surprise, AZ
Jennifer Keiser
MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Surprise, AZ 85374  (Online Only)
You are or your child is someone who finds yourself in a constant state of “fight, flight, freeze or fawn” and are tired of feeling overwhelmed. Therapy is here to help people of all ages to incorporate new tools into their life so that they can break out of that long-held pattern. Sometimes the tools we have aren’t working. Sometimes we need new tools. Or sometimes the tools we have just need to be sharpened. I’ll provide you with options for choosing the most effective strategies for you to live your best life. As your therapist, my intention is to provide a connection that allows you to find meaning in your life.
You are or your child is someone who finds yourself in a constant state of “fight, flight, freeze or fawn” and are tired of feeling overwhelmed. Therapy is here to help people of all ages to incorporate new tools into their life so that they can break out of that long-held pattern. Sometimes the tools we have aren’t working. Sometimes we need new tools. Or sometimes the tools we have just need to be sharpened. I’ll provide you with options for choosing the most effective strategies for you to live your best life. As your therapist, my intention is to provide a connection that allows you to find meaning in your life.
(520) 261-5986 View (520) 261-5986
Photo of Leslie Pappin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Surprise, AZ
Leslie Pappin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Surprise, AZ 85374
Life is full of challenges. I'm a firm believer in the benefits of unbiased support during difficult periods in our lives. Please allow me to be the person to offer you the help and support that you deserve. In my ten plus years as a therapist, I have worked with people of all ages and walks of life to help address depression, anxiety, loss, anger and relationship issues. I enjoy helping others to improve their current situation by offering a warm, safe and reliable therapeutic environment.
Life is full of challenges. I'm a firm believer in the benefits of unbiased support during difficult periods in our lives. Please allow me to be the person to offer you the help and support that you deserve. In my ten plus years as a therapist, I have worked with people of all ages and walks of life to help address depression, anxiety, loss, anger and relationship issues. I enjoy helping others to improve their current situation by offering a warm, safe and reliable therapeutic environment.
(480) 418-3213 View (480) 418-3213
Photo of Pat Medford, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Pat Medford
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, LPC, LISAC
Not Verified Not Verified
2 Endorsed
Surprise, AZ 85374
Seeking counseling services is not always easy. My goal is to provide a safe and supportive environment to assist in the process of psychotherapy. If you need help with psychological trauma of any kind, unresolved grief, PTSD; combat or other related, sexual trauma of any kind, alcohol or drug abuse or need after care services, please call for an appointment. The best results are always achieved when treated sooner rather than later. I also provide DMV and court mandated testing for drivers license reinstatement.
Seeking counseling services is not always easy. My goal is to provide a safe and supportive environment to assist in the process of psychotherapy. If you need help with psychological trauma of any kind, unresolved grief, PTSD; combat or other related, sexual trauma of any kind, alcohol or drug abuse or need after care services, please call for an appointment. The best results are always achieved when treated sooner rather than later. I also provide DMV and court mandated testing for drivers license reinstatement.
(623) 455-5066 View (623) 455-5066
Photo of Lynn M Cepican, Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Lynn M Cepican
Counselor, LCSW
Verified Verified
Surprise, AZ 85374
Waitlist for new clients
I am a licensed therapist with over 35 years providing therapy in a variety of settings. My practice is presently limited to meeting with adult females. Everyone struggles at one time or another with life challenges and changes. My belief is that each person has strengths and qualities that enable them to cope with difficult situations. My focus is aimed at helping build on those strengths, identify solutions and encourage clients to make changes with the goal of a healthy and contented life.
I am a licensed therapist with over 35 years providing therapy in a variety of settings. My practice is presently limited to meeting with adult females. Everyone struggles at one time or another with life challenges and changes. My belief is that each person has strengths and qualities that enable them to cope with difficult situations. My focus is aimed at helping build on those strengths, identify solutions and encourage clients to make changes with the goal of a healthy and contented life.
(480) 771-9388 View (480) 771-9388
Photo of Angela Christian, Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Angela Christian
Counselor, MAEd, LAC
Verified Verified
Surprise, AZ 85374
My practice is client-driven, meaning that each session is focused only on the client's needs and goals - not on my personal agenda. I want each client to feel as though they are making measurable progress, so all of my clients are involved in creating their own treatment plan. My approach is straight-forward, compassionate, and non-judgmental. My number one desire is to work with each client to achieve peace, happiness, and hope.
My practice is client-driven, meaning that each session is focused only on the client's needs and goals - not on my personal agenda. I want each client to feel as though they are making measurable progress, so all of my clients are involved in creating their own treatment plan. My approach is straight-forward, compassionate, and non-judgmental. My number one desire is to work with each client to achieve peace, happiness, and hope.
(623) 294-0257 View (623) 294-0257
Photo of Priscila Matei, Licensed Professional Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Priscila Matei
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CRC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surprise, AZ 85379  (Online Only)
The therapeutic relationship plays an important role in the healing process. I emphasize one's emotional life and history in order to work through uncomfortable experiences and explore what lies underneath the symptoms. My approach is nondirective, curious, and supportive while providing compassion, understanding, and empathy in a non-judgmental and relaxed therapeutic setting online. If you're a student, professional or person with a disability, I would like to provide you with support in managing stress, improving relationships, self-advocacy, exploring career goals and/or gaining a better understanding of yourself.
The therapeutic relationship plays an important role in the healing process. I emphasize one's emotional life and history in order to work through uncomfortable experiences and explore what lies underneath the symptoms. My approach is nondirective, curious, and supportive while providing compassion, understanding, and empathy in a non-judgmental and relaxed therapeutic setting online. If you're a student, professional or person with a disability, I would like to provide you with support in managing stress, improving relationships, self-advocacy, exploring career goals and/or gaining a better understanding of yourself.
(520) 353-2141 View (520) 353-2141
Photo of Michelle Vaughn, Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Michelle Vaughn
Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Surprise, AZ 85374
I enjoy working with individuals across the lifespan, and I am privileged to integrate a faith-based approach with my clients who are seeking to integrate spirituality in their healing. I am passionate about the importance of the therapeutic relationship and its ability to help individuals heal and find hope in their future. My desire is to help you discover who you want to become, regardless of where you have been.
I enjoy working with individuals across the lifespan, and I am privileged to integrate a faith-based approach with my clients who are seeking to integrate spirituality in their healing. I am passionate about the importance of the therapeutic relationship and its ability to help individuals heal and find hope in their future. My desire is to help you discover who you want to become, regardless of where you have been.
(520) 253-6476 View (520) 253-6476
Photo of Elizabeth Crowley, Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Elizabeth Crowley
Counselor, LAC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surprise, AZ 85374
Being vulnerable, sharing trauma, facing fears, and experiencing change can feel overwhelming and isolating. However, I believe that with the right person by your side, growth and change are possible for everyone. Making it important to meet each individual where they are and build a strong foundation from there. Requiring sessions tailored to individual needs through collaborative efforts. And providing you with coping skills to manage your daily stressors. With varied experiences, I have a personal familiarity with (but not limited to) foster care and adoption, first responders (police, fire, EMS), and the field of education.
Being vulnerable, sharing trauma, facing fears, and experiencing change can feel overwhelming and isolating. However, I believe that with the right person by your side, growth and change are possible for everyone. Making it important to meet each individual where they are and build a strong foundation from there. Requiring sessions tailored to individual needs through collaborative efforts. And providing you with coping skills to manage your daily stressors. With varied experiences, I have a personal familiarity with (but not limited to) foster care and adoption, first responders (police, fire, EMS), and the field of education.
(623) 343-6055 View (623) 343-6055
Photo of Victoria Weaver, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Surprise, AZ
Victoria Weaver
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surprise, AZ 85374
New clients, please email for availability. Hello, and welcome to Pathfinder Counseling. My name is Victoria and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. My goal is to provide you with a safe space and resources to help you understand yourself and create the life you want. I work with adults and specialize in treatment of anxiety, depression and PTSD.
New clients, please email for availability. Hello, and welcome to Pathfinder Counseling. My name is Victoria and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. My goal is to provide you with a safe space and resources to help you understand yourself and create the life you want. I work with adults and specialize in treatment of anxiety, depression and PTSD.
(623) 469-7362 View (623) 469-7362
Photo of Tara Robin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Tara Robin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MSc, NCC, MEd
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Surprise, AZ 85374  (Online Only)
There is light at the end of the tunnel. Often it is hard to see. Sometimes the issues we are dealing with can feel like they are crushing us. The cycle of depression and anxiety might feel never-ending. It can get better! These issues could stem from traumatic life events. Perhaps we are just overwhelmed juggling work, life, and family, and have lost sight of ourselves. Sometimes we struggle to work things out. We all need a little help and guidance at times. I use an integrative approach to assist clients in navigating difficult periods in their lives. I work with adults 18 years and older.
There is light at the end of the tunnel. Often it is hard to see. Sometimes the issues we are dealing with can feel like they are crushing us. The cycle of depression and anxiety might feel never-ending. It can get better! These issues could stem from traumatic life events. Perhaps we are just overwhelmed juggling work, life, and family, and have lost sight of ourselves. Sometimes we struggle to work things out. We all need a little help and guidance at times. I use an integrative approach to assist clients in navigating difficult periods in their lives. I work with adults 18 years and older.
(602) 737-3681 View (602) 737-3681
Photo of Insideout Wellness Center LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Insideout Wellness Center LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surprise, AZ 85378  (Online Only)
Healing takes place from the inside out. All of us have the ability and strength to move into our trauma, process past memories and heal negative self-beliefs that cause us pain. With a focus on developing a strong therapeutic relationship and applying research-based therapy techniques, I look forward to helping you through the healing process.
Healing takes place from the inside out. All of us have the ability and strength to move into our trauma, process past memories and heal negative self-beliefs that cause us pain. With a focus on developing a strong therapeutic relationship and applying research-based therapy techniques, I look forward to helping you through the healing process.
(623) 294-1223 View (623) 294-1223
Photo of Katie Carey, Licensed Professional Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Katie Carey
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS
Verified Verified
Surprise, AZ 85379  (Online Only)
Telehealth practice. People make sense. I am passionate about uncovering core issues related to anxiety, depression, esteem issues, addiction issues, and relationship patterns that bring individuals into my office in order to create targeted change. I have specialized in working with mood disorders such as anxiety and depression, trauma, and relationship issues. I use attachment models and trauma-informed methods to help my clients develop awareness around repeating patterns in their lives. Together, we can identify and change relationship and behavioral cycles that are often sub-conscious and maladaptive.
Telehealth practice. People make sense. I am passionate about uncovering core issues related to anxiety, depression, esteem issues, addiction issues, and relationship patterns that bring individuals into my office in order to create targeted change. I have specialized in working with mood disorders such as anxiety and depression, trauma, and relationship issues. I use attachment models and trauma-informed methods to help my clients develop awareness around repeating patterns in their lives. Together, we can identify and change relationship and behavioral cycles that are often sub-conscious and maladaptive.
(623) 400-8985 View (623) 400-8985
Photo of Copper State Mental health Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Copper State Mental health Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Surprise, AZ 85374
Our practice is dedicated to the most effective and up to date forms of therapy to help you and your family. We understand that everyone has a different situation from navigating complex relationships to special needs children to eating disorders, depression, etc. We offer free consultations in order to help ensure we are a good fit. We commonly see people who have been to therapy before, but have had poor results. We also find people have complicating factors to their trauma such as ADHD, or the inability to create a sense of safety in order to heal. In such a complicated world we have very complicated obstacles to navigate.
Our practice is dedicated to the most effective and up to date forms of therapy to help you and your family. We understand that everyone has a different situation from navigating complex relationships to special needs children to eating disorders, depression, etc. We offer free consultations in order to help ensure we are a good fit. We commonly see people who have been to therapy before, but have had poor results. We also find people have complicating factors to their trauma such as ADHD, or the inability to create a sense of safety in order to heal. In such a complicated world we have very complicated obstacles to navigate.
(623) 888-4310 View (623) 888-4310
Photo of Andrea Emerson, Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Andrea Emerson
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Surprise, AZ 85374
Waitlist for new clients
If you have gone through complex trauma, such as physical, emotional, or spiritual abuse, challenging relationships, or simply the struggles of life, you may find you've lost trust in both yourself and others. Your relationships aren't fulfilling and peaceful. Maybe you're lost sight of who you are and what you want your life to look like. You may also be struggling with anxiety and depression in your daily life. You deserve a space to re-establish trust, redefine your sense of self, change your relationship with the past, and cultivate a meaningful life. I can provide that.
If you have gone through complex trauma, such as physical, emotional, or spiritual abuse, challenging relationships, or simply the struggles of life, you may find you've lost trust in both yourself and others. Your relationships aren't fulfilling and peaceful. Maybe you're lost sight of who you are and what you want your life to look like. You may also be struggling with anxiety and depression in your daily life. You deserve a space to re-establish trust, redefine your sense of self, change your relationship with the past, and cultivate a meaningful life. I can provide that.
(602) 633-5712 View (602) 633-5712
Photo of Ayizan Life Alchemy Center in Surprise, AZ
Ayizan Life Alchemy Center
MA
Verified Verified
Surprise, AZ 85388
We serve with an integrated unique approach of multileveled treatment experience; customized for your journey to Honor , Evolve and Restore your Scared script and secret sauce for life harmony . Through proven practical methods our clients recapture stability by repurposing and leveraging thoughts, beliefs, relationships and behaviors into a practice of intentional habits to create and maintain a chosen lifestyle choice. We serve best individuals managing trauma, decision making, life transitions & choices, marital challenges, sexual and physical abuse, emotional detachment.
We serve with an integrated unique approach of multileveled treatment experience; customized for your journey to Honor , Evolve and Restore your Scared script and secret sauce for life harmony . Through proven practical methods our clients recapture stability by repurposing and leveraging thoughts, beliefs, relationships and behaviors into a practice of intentional habits to create and maintain a chosen lifestyle choice. We serve best individuals managing trauma, decision making, life transitions & choices, marital challenges, sexual and physical abuse, emotional detachment.
(623) 432-5457 View (623) 432-5457
Photo of Christine Cook, Licensed Professional Counselor in Surprise, AZ
Christine Cook
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Surprise, AZ 85374  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I’m passionate about helping you find ways to overcome difficult and overwhelming challenges in your life by building on your strengths and creating healthy coping skills. I have a sensitive, compassionate, accepting, non-judgmental, and genuine approach to helping you grow and heal. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique strengths and specific needs.
I’m passionate about helping you find ways to overcome difficult and overwhelming challenges in your life by building on your strengths and creating healthy coping skills. I have a sensitive, compassionate, accepting, non-judgmental, and genuine approach to helping you grow and heal. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique strengths and specific needs.
(623) 257-6519 View (623) 257-6519

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Surprise, AZ

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Surprise, AZ who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
88% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
75% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
69% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
70% BlueCross and BlueShield
65% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Surprise, AZ see their clients

60% In Person and Online
40% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
16% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Surprise?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.