Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Erin Iwanusa, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Erin Iwanusa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C, CDWF
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016
Erin is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker specializing in anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), grief and loss, fertility, and pregnancy loss. Erin specializes in working with clients from adolescence to adulthood. She is a certified Daring Way Facilitator, a highly experiential methodology based on the research of Dr. Brené Brown, focusing on self-compassion, shame resilience, and vulnerability. Erin is also a Gottman trained therapist providing couples' therapy.
Erin is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker specializing in anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), grief and loss, fertility, and pregnancy loss. Erin specializes in working with clients from adolescence to adulthood. She is a certified Daring Way Facilitator, a highly experiential methodology based on the research of Dr. Brené Brown, focusing on self-compassion, shame resilience, and vulnerability. Erin is also a Gottman trained therapist providing couples' therapy.
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Photo of Courtney F Bancroft, Psychologist in New York, NY
Courtney F Bancroft
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010
Experiencing trouble with sleep/suffering from insomnia can be a painful & exhausting experience. I am a Yale-trained, clinical health psychologist, specializing in all-natural, evidence based insomnia treatment. After receiving a comprehensive sleep assessment, you & I will work together to create a tailored sleep therapy plan based on your unique physiological make up, sleep patterns, daily requirements, contextual & environmental factors. Treatment might include any combination of the following recommendations- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-i); Auricular Acupressure Beads; and/or Mindfulness/Relaxation Training.
Experiencing trouble with sleep/suffering from insomnia can be a painful & exhausting experience. I am a Yale-trained, clinical health psychologist, specializing in all-natural, evidence based insomnia treatment. After receiving a comprehensive sleep assessment, you & I will work together to create a tailored sleep therapy plan based on your unique physiological make up, sleep patterns, daily requirements, contextual & environmental factors. Treatment might include any combination of the following recommendations- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-i); Auricular Acupressure Beads; and/or Mindfulness/Relaxation Training.
(929) 226-6799 View (929) 226-6799
Photo of Stephanie King, Licensed Master Social Worker in New York, NY
Stephanie King
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
I believe in the power of therapy to help individuals better understand themselves and their relationships. I specialize in providing therapy to individuals and couples struggling with anxiety, depression, family/relationship conflicts, life transitions, trauma, and racial/gender discrimination. I aim to create a secure and compassionate environment for individuals and couples from marginalized communities. Utilizing a therapeutic lens that involves integrating an individual's identity, culture, and lived experience while we address your concerns.
I believe in the power of therapy to help individuals better understand themselves and their relationships. I specialize in providing therapy to individuals and couples struggling with anxiety, depression, family/relationship conflicts, life transitions, trauma, and racial/gender discrimination. I aim to create a secure and compassionate environment for individuals and couples from marginalized communities. Utilizing a therapeutic lens that involves integrating an individual's identity, culture, and lived experience while we address your concerns.
(646) 490-1783 View (646) 490-1783
Photo of Michelle Kennedy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Michelle Kennedy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024
I provide insight oriented psychotherapy and behavioral interventions such as CBT and DBT to help individuals, teens, and children meet their highest potential and free themselves from emotional disregulation. A primary focus is relief from depression and anxiety while increasing self-esteem and pleasure along with stability in personal relationships. I empower my patients to make the needed changes in their lives while staying motivated and provide the safe space and emotionally healing environment essential for growth.
I provide insight oriented psychotherapy and behavioral interventions such as CBT and DBT to help individuals, teens, and children meet their highest potential and free themselves from emotional disregulation. A primary focus is relief from depression and anxiety while increasing self-esteem and pleasure along with stability in personal relationships. I empower my patients to make the needed changes in their lives while staying motivated and provide the safe space and emotionally healing environment essential for growth.
(646) 362-5140 View (646) 362-5140
Photo of Jill Sammak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Jill Sammak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10019
You’re here because you’re having a rough time, or because you want something in your life to change. I’m sorry if you’re feeling sad, frustrated, confused, anxious, depressed, maybe even hopeless, but I’m glad you’re here. It’s important to know when it's time to seek support.
You’re here because you’re having a rough time, or because you want something in your life to change. I’m sorry if you’re feeling sad, frustrated, confused, anxious, depressed, maybe even hopeless, but I’m glad you’re here. It’s important to know when it's time to seek support.
(646) 679-2856 View (646) 679-2856
Photo of Forde Kay, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Forde Kay
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, LPMFT, CTIP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I work with individuals, couples+, and families to cut through the noise and get to the heart of things, fostering engaging and collaborative environments where authenticity can thrive. Specializing in LGBTQ+ support (with extensive, advanced training in Transgender affirmitive care), trauma recovery, and sex therapy, my goal is to empower clients from all walks of life. Moreover, I am dedicated to creating an inclusive and supportive space for anyone exploring kink/BDSM-positive care and those within the CNM and poly communities.
I work with individuals, couples+, and families to cut through the noise and get to the heart of things, fostering engaging and collaborative environments where authenticity can thrive. Specializing in LGBTQ+ support (with extensive, advanced training in Transgender affirmitive care), trauma recovery, and sex therapy, my goal is to empower clients from all walks of life. Moreover, I am dedicated to creating an inclusive and supportive space for anyone exploring kink/BDSM-positive care and those within the CNM and poly communities.
(347) 851-1838 View (347) 851-1838
Photo of Monica Roquitte, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Monica Roquitte
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MBA, CEAP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
I have been in private practice for 25+ years working with high-achieving adults to help them improve relationships, manage stress, and realize potential. Common struggles include anxiety, stress, relationship issues, trauma, and career progress. So whether you're looking for support or guidance through a particularly difficult time, or you're open to a real change in your life, together, we can work to achieve your dreams. My background includes a Wharton MBA, and I have experience with many successful professionals of diverse backgrounds working in finance and healthcare.
I have been in private practice for 25+ years working with high-achieving adults to help them improve relationships, manage stress, and realize potential. Common struggles include anxiety, stress, relationship issues, trauma, and career progress. So whether you're looking for support or guidance through a particularly difficult time, or you're open to a real change in your life, together, we can work to achieve your dreams. My background includes a Wharton MBA, and I have experience with many successful professionals of diverse backgrounds working in finance and healthcare.
(646) 916-3861 View (646) 916-3861
Photo of Yesel Yoon, Psychologist in New York, NY
Yesel Yoon
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
Are you struggling to find a job or feeling stuck in your career? This may make you feel really anxious, unhappy and unable to do things you really enjoy. Maybe you are feeling stuck because of a fear of failure, lack of motivation, and harshly high expectations. Maybe you wish you felt more confident in yourself and more self-assured in what next steps to take in your life and career to finally move forward. You're seeking change in how you feel about yourself and how your life looks and you need some help.
Are you struggling to find a job or feeling stuck in your career? This may make you feel really anxious, unhappy and unable to do things you really enjoy. Maybe you are feeling stuck because of a fear of failure, lack of motivation, and harshly high expectations. Maybe you wish you felt more confident in yourself and more self-assured in what next steps to take in your life and career to finally move forward. You're seeking change in how you feel about yourself and how your life looks and you need some help.
(917) 970-2321 View (917) 970-2321
Photo of Rachel Murphy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Rachel Murphy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10028  (Online Only)
I work with people experiencing anxiety, trauma, difficult transitions, grief, and loss. I bring empathy and curiosity to the therapeutic relationship, using genuine connection to build trust and safety within our work together. In addition to focusing on your strengths, I will help you build skills to understand and navigate your emotional experience. I believe in the capacity for growth and healing within each person.
I work with people experiencing anxiety, trauma, difficult transitions, grief, and loss. I bring empathy and curiosity to the therapeutic relationship, using genuine connection to build trust and safety within our work together. In addition to focusing on your strengths, I will help you build skills to understand and navigate your emotional experience. I believe in the capacity for growth and healing within each person.
(646) 362-8697 View (646) 362-8697
Photo of Michele B Smith, Psychologist in New York, NY
Michele B Smith
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10128
I provide a warm, respectful, and professional environment in which to help you with your problems. My approach to therapy is time limited, present focused, and solution oriented. I will assist you in setting goals, and together we will identify steps you can take to achieve them. Problems that may seem overwhelming become manageable when approached in a step-by-step fashion.
I provide a warm, respectful, and professional environment in which to help you with your problems. My approach to therapy is time limited, present focused, and solution oriented. I will assist you in setting goals, and together we will identify steps you can take to achieve them. Problems that may seem overwhelming become manageable when approached in a step-by-step fashion.
(646) 480-7309 View (646) 480-7309
Photo of Tracey Maya, Counselor in New York, NY
Tracey Maya
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10021
Life can be challenging, and sometimes we just need help. You may be feeling overwhelmed by stress or anxiety, struggling with sadness or shame, managing tough relationship issues, or perhaps facing a major life transition or coping with loss. With the help of a compassionate and skilled therapist, you can address these and other concerns that may be negatively impacting your daily life and functioning. In our sessions together, we will work collaboratively to develop practical strategies for getting unstuck, with the end goal of making room for growth and creating positive and lasting changes in your life.
Life can be challenging, and sometimes we just need help. You may be feeling overwhelmed by stress or anxiety, struggling with sadness or shame, managing tough relationship issues, or perhaps facing a major life transition or coping with loss. With the help of a compassionate and skilled therapist, you can address these and other concerns that may be negatively impacting your daily life and functioning. In our sessions together, we will work collaboratively to develop practical strategies for getting unstuck, with the end goal of making room for growth and creating positive and lasting changes in your life.
(914) 875-2470 View (914) 875-2470
Photo of Jeffrey Ly | Porn Addiction Relationship in New York, NY
Jeffrey Ly | Porn Addiction Relationship
LPHA, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10065  (Online Only)
Pornography addiction can significantly impact your life and relationships but there is hope for recovery. I’m not just a mental health professional, I’ve been “you” for many years. I understand firsthand the personal struggles in your life and committed relationships that come with uncontrollable pornography use. The endless stream of attractive women a few clicks away on Pornhub, Onlyfan or Social Media is hard to quit even with all your willpower and promise to quit for the sake of your relationship
Pornography addiction can significantly impact your life and relationships but there is hope for recovery. I’m not just a mental health professional, I’ve been “you” for many years. I understand firsthand the personal struggles in your life and committed relationships that come with uncontrollable pornography use. The endless stream of attractive women a few clicks away on Pornhub, Onlyfan or Social Media is hard to quit even with all your willpower and promise to quit for the sake of your relationship
(646) 679-6367 View (646) 679-6367
Photo of Jennifer Guttman, Psychologist in New York, NY
Jennifer Guttman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022
No one should suffer from unnecessary psychological distress. I specialize in "mindfulness", and cognitive-behavior therapy for children, adolescents and adults. I have been practicing for more than thirty years and have helped many people achieve life goals that had previously seemed out of their reach. I am fortunate that I love what I do. This is evident in my dedication to my clients. Their legacies are my rewards. My therapeutic approach enables me to positively impact individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, ADHD, obsessions/ compulsions, phobias, post traumatic stress, dysregulated moods and delusional thinking.
No one should suffer from unnecessary psychological distress. I specialize in "mindfulness", and cognitive-behavior therapy for children, adolescents and adults. I have been practicing for more than thirty years and have helped many people achieve life goals that had previously seemed out of their reach. I am fortunate that I love what I do. This is evident in my dedication to my clients. Their legacies are my rewards. My therapeutic approach enables me to positively impact individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, ADHD, obsessions/ compulsions, phobias, post traumatic stress, dysregulated moods and delusional thinking.
(646) 846-8799 View (646) 846-8799
Photo of Jennifer Gittleman in New York, NY
Jennifer Gittleman
PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016
Life can be hard; you don’t have to navigate it alone. You should feel proud for making the leap to help yourself. My goal as your therapist is to reduce your distress and help you live the life you desire. I will provide you a safe space to heal. You deserve a life filled with meaning rather than suffering – I can help you get there. I have treated a wide range of psychological disorders with patients ranging from adolescents to older adults. My therapy style is safe, warm, and accepting. I work collaboratively and will regularly check-in with you to make sure you feel comfortable and are getting what you need.
Life can be hard; you don’t have to navigate it alone. You should feel proud for making the leap to help yourself. My goal as your therapist is to reduce your distress and help you live the life you desire. I will provide you a safe space to heal. You deserve a life filled with meaning rather than suffering – I can help you get there. I have treated a wide range of psychological disorders with patients ranging from adolescents to older adults. My therapy style is safe, warm, and accepting. I work collaboratively and will regularly check-in with you to make sure you feel comfortable and are getting what you need.
(929) 242-6959 View (929) 242-6959
Photo of Renee Litt, Marriage & Family Therapist in New York, NY
Renee Litt
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003  (Online Only)
Navigating through life can be a difficult journey. Many of us believe that being able to navigate it alone is a measure of our strength. But connection and support are often the most truly powerful access points for healing. Our work together will be centered around self-compassion, acceptance and normalizing all the parts of ourselves.
Navigating through life can be a difficult journey. Many of us believe that being able to navigate it alone is a measure of our strength. But connection and support are often the most truly powerful access points for healing. Our work together will be centered around self-compassion, acceptance and normalizing all the parts of ourselves.
(646) 921-5686 View (646) 921-5686
Photo of Mitchell S. Levy, Psychologist in New York, NY
Mitchell S. Levy
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10028
Finding the right therapist can be very confusing and overwhelming! On your initial visit, I will spend a generous amount of time with you on your presenting concerns and your goals for therapy. Having 20 years of experience, I can assess the therapy method most likely to be effective for your specific situation. My specialty is Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and I find most clients achieve significant progress with this method. However, if I feel CBT is not appropriate for you, I have a number of experienced colleagues in my practice with different methods I can recommend (behaviorhealthny.com).
Finding the right therapist can be very confusing and overwhelming! On your initial visit, I will spend a generous amount of time with you on your presenting concerns and your goals for therapy. Having 20 years of experience, I can assess the therapy method most likely to be effective for your specific situation. My specialty is Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and I find most clients achieve significant progress with this method. However, if I feel CBT is not appropriate for you, I have a number of experienced colleagues in my practice with different methods I can recommend (behaviorhealthny.com).
(646) 381-2963 View (646) 381-2963
Photo of Robert Liroff, Psychologist in New York, NY
Robert Liroff
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
Your therapy should provide realistic, meaningful ways to improve your life. Drawing upon my extensive training and experience as a cognitive-behavior therapist, I will strive to help you develop effective life skills. My style is personalized, supportive, focused, and flexible. I have a clear idea of where therapy can go to address your concerns, and will share with you a "map of the treatment" so that the process is not vague or mysterious to you. The value of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is supported by a growing body of scientific research and can address your deeper personal, social, and spiritual concerns, too.
Your therapy should provide realistic, meaningful ways to improve your life. Drawing upon my extensive training and experience as a cognitive-behavior therapist, I will strive to help you develop effective life skills. My style is personalized, supportive, focused, and flexible. I have a clear idea of where therapy can go to address your concerns, and will share with you a "map of the treatment" so that the process is not vague or mysterious to you. The value of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is supported by a growing body of scientific research and can address your deeper personal, social, and spiritual concerns, too.
(718) 569-7891 View (718) 569-7891
Photo of Jamie Downie, Licensed Master Social Work in New York, NY
Jamie Downie
Licensed Master Social Work, LMSW, DBT, CBT, REBT
Verified Verified
13 Endorsed
New York, NY 10006
Jamie Downie LMSW, DBT, CBT, REBT is an experienced mental health professional determined to create a welcoming and productive environment to foster growth for people of all ages and walks of life. Are you feeling like you want to make changes in your life, yet are unsure of how to get there? Do you feel down, anxious, or repetitive patterns of behavior are getting in your way? You may be in need of a safe place to process past trauma, support in understanding and changing unhealthy patterns, healthy coping skills, and/or a gentle push toward your goals. Seeking out therapy can be a great and empowering first step to creating change
Jamie Downie LMSW, DBT, CBT, REBT is an experienced mental health professional determined to create a welcoming and productive environment to foster growth for people of all ages and walks of life. Are you feeling like you want to make changes in your life, yet are unsure of how to get there? Do you feel down, anxious, or repetitive patterns of behavior are getting in your way? You may be in need of a safe place to process past trauma, support in understanding and changing unhealthy patterns, healthy coping skills, and/or a gentle push toward your goals. Seeking out therapy can be a great and empowering first step to creating change
(646) 828-1533 View (646) 828-1533
Photo of Carolyn Clement, Psychologist in New York, NY
Carolyn Clement
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I am a licensed clinical psychologist, practicing in New York City for over 40 years. I offer individual psychotherapy to adults and adolescents, as well as couples and family therapy. We may address a variety of issues, including anxiety, depression, loss, life crises, problems in intimate relationships and troubling patterns of behavior. Inevitably the work expands to include an exploration of beliefs and self-protective ways of being that are no longer needed and get in the way of a whole-hearted appreciation of one's unique strengths, one's entitlement to make active choices and to pursue one's most authentic goals.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist, practicing in New York City for over 40 years. I offer individual psychotherapy to adults and adolescents, as well as couples and family therapy. We may address a variety of issues, including anxiety, depression, loss, life crises, problems in intimate relationships and troubling patterns of behavior. Inevitably the work expands to include an exploration of beliefs and self-protective ways of being that are no longer needed and get in the way of a whole-hearted appreciation of one's unique strengths, one's entitlement to make active choices and to pursue one's most authentic goals.
(646) 553-4187 View (646) 553-4187
Photo of Erin Walker, PhD Private Practice, Psychologist in New York, NY
Erin Walker, PhD Private Practice
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10075
Vitality, growth, love, empathy, and meaning are essential to healthy functioning and a sense of well-being. We often create these gratifying experiences through an authentic and positive connection with ourselves and others. However, sometimes these connections are hindered due to difficult life experiences, such as loss of a loved one, career and life transitions, addiction, divorce, or relationship concerns. These struggles can lead to feeling down, isolated, anxious and confused about how to move forward. I understand and am here to help.
Vitality, growth, love, empathy, and meaning are essential to healthy functioning and a sense of well-being. We often create these gratifying experiences through an authentic and positive connection with ourselves and others. However, sometimes these connections are hindered due to difficult life experiences, such as loss of a loved one, career and life transitions, addiction, divorce, or relationship concerns. These struggles can lead to feeling down, isolated, anxious and confused about how to move forward. I understand and am here to help.
(646) 797-3355 View (646) 797-3355

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.