Therapists in Washington, DC

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Photo of Maisha-Atrice Ayodele, Counselor in Washington, DC
Maisha-Atrice Ayodele
Counselor, LGPC, LAC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20011
I work with clients who seek a blend of structured treatment and nuanced exploration. Structured treatment is goal-focused and efficient, addressing specific issues. Nuanced exploration involves an in-depth review of life’s ups and downs and emotional processing for the purpose of long-term insights. My clients present with a range of issues including anxiety, trauma, major depressive disorder, and Bipolar II. These folks have a desire for highly effective, creative interventions and coping skills within a holistic framework. Examples include journaling, mirror work, Progressive Counting, meditation, and EFT tapping.
I work with clients who seek a blend of structured treatment and nuanced exploration. Structured treatment is goal-focused and efficient, addressing specific issues. Nuanced exploration involves an in-depth review of life’s ups and downs and emotional processing for the purpose of long-term insights. My clients present with a range of issues including anxiety, trauma, major depressive disorder, and Bipolar II. These folks have a desire for highly effective, creative interventions and coping skills within a holistic framework. Examples include journaling, mirror work, Progressive Counting, meditation, and EFT tapping.
(844) 461-1563 View (844) 461-1563
Photo of Jessica Kirchhoefer, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Jessica Kirchhoefer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20001
Are you feeling overwhelmed with anxiety, stress, or depression? Are you looking to improve your relationships or add new ones into your life but aren’t sure where to start? If you are struggling with disordered eating, fertility, burnout, self esteem, body image, relationships, or career, we can work together to bring about concrete, long term change. I work with college students, young adults, mid-career professionals, and all the life transitions in between. I specialize in areas of anxiety, depression, eating disorders, relationships, and career changes.
Are you feeling overwhelmed with anxiety, stress, or depression? Are you looking to improve your relationships or add new ones into your life but aren’t sure where to start? If you are struggling with disordered eating, fertility, burnout, self esteem, body image, relationships, or career, we can work together to bring about concrete, long term change. I work with college students, young adults, mid-career professionals, and all the life transitions in between. I specialize in areas of anxiety, depression, eating disorders, relationships, and career changes.
(202) 868-8887 View (202) 868-8887
Photo of Rooted to Rise, LLC (Approved Clinical Supervisor), Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Rooted to Rise, LLC (Approved Clinical Supervisor)
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, LPC- S, CAC, NCC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20017  (Online Only)
Rene’ G. Hood is the CEO of Rooted To Rise (Private Practice), she is licensed in Washington, D.C. and Maryland. She is a graduate of Bowie State University where she attained a BA in psychology and a MA in mental health counseling. She has twenty plus years of counseling experiences. She began within the penal system, raised 28 foster children using Reality Therapy, and now specializing in perinatal, postpartum, depression, alcohol/substance, and anxiety disorders within several community such as, veterans, LBGTQ, females, couples, teens, and family.
Rene’ G. Hood is the CEO of Rooted To Rise (Private Practice), she is licensed in Washington, D.C. and Maryland. She is a graduate of Bowie State University where she attained a BA in psychology and a MA in mental health counseling. She has twenty plus years of counseling experiences. She began within the penal system, raised 28 foster children using Reality Therapy, and now specializing in perinatal, postpartum, depression, alcohol/substance, and anxiety disorders within several community such as, veterans, LBGTQ, females, couples, teens, and family.
(202) 519-1961 View (202) 519-1961
Photo of Victoria Campbell, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Victoria Campbell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20005  (Online Only)
I work to meet each of my client's needs by tailoring my approach to meet them where they are. Together, we work to reach your goals and obtain a level of wellness and functionality that you can thrive from. I want my space to be a refuge where you feel safe, comfortable, and free to explore your inner thoughts and feelings without judgment.
I work to meet each of my client's needs by tailoring my approach to meet them where they are. Together, we work to reach your goals and obtain a level of wellness and functionality that you can thrive from. I want my space to be a refuge where you feel safe, comfortable, and free to explore your inner thoughts and feelings without judgment.
(202) 999-3235 View (202) 999-3235
Photo of Kim Gentin, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Kim Gentin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20007
When clients first reach out to me, they often feel depressed, anxious, stressed, or overwhelmed but are unsure about what steps to take to feel better. Clients also reach out because they want to further their understanding of their emotional experience or need help navigating challenging situations or relationships. And then there are others who feel stuck and seek to change patterns in their lives.
When clients first reach out to me, they often feel depressed, anxious, stressed, or overwhelmed but are unsure about what steps to take to feel better. Clients also reach out because they want to further their understanding of their emotional experience or need help navigating challenging situations or relationships. And then there are others who feel stuck and seek to change patterns in their lives.
(202) 362-0200 View (202) 362-0200
Photo of Lori Shapiro, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Lori Shapiro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, lCISWC, AASECT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20009
HeartWerq Lori Shapiro, LICSW Senior Clinician Clinical Social Worker, Certified Sex Therapist, Marriage and Couples Therapist (She/Her) Lori Shapiro is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Supervisor with more than 20 years of experience. Her practice focuses on working with individuals, couples, and families on a variety of issues, including couples counseling, sex therapy, relationship difficulties, sexual and gender identity support, as well as unique individual challenges. Lori has received degrees from Florida Atlantic University and Barry University (Master’s in Social Work) and also has a certification in sex therapy f
HeartWerq Lori Shapiro, LICSW Senior Clinician Clinical Social Worker, Certified Sex Therapist, Marriage and Couples Therapist (She/Her) Lori Shapiro is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Supervisor with more than 20 years of experience. Her practice focuses on working with individuals, couples, and families on a variety of issues, including couples counseling, sex therapy, relationship difficulties, sexual and gender identity support, as well as unique individual challenges. Lori has received degrees from Florida Atlantic University and Barry University (Master’s in Social Work) and also has a certification in sex therapy f
(240) 669-2573 View (240) 669-2573
Photo of Naveed Khan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Naveed Khan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MPH
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
The most immediate benefit of one-on-one work is that it pulls you out of the automaticity of life. It is only when we choose to step out of our regular schedules, that we are able to reflect, assess, reorient, plan, and finally pivot. Whether you are experiencing a lack of motivation, crying spells, racing thoughts, and/or other symptoms of stress, depression, or anxiety - I will support you through this period. Although I am trained in a number of therapy modalities, my initial focus is to understand your experiences at the present moment.
The most immediate benefit of one-on-one work is that it pulls you out of the automaticity of life. It is only when we choose to step out of our regular schedules, that we are able to reflect, assess, reorient, plan, and finally pivot. Whether you are experiencing a lack of motivation, crying spells, racing thoughts, and/or other symptoms of stress, depression, or anxiety - I will support you through this period. Although I am trained in a number of therapy modalities, my initial focus is to understand your experiences at the present moment.
(202) 798-4628 View (202) 798-4628
Photo of Jessica M Chan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Jessica M Chan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CGP, MBA
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006
Life can sometimes turn difficult and painful, and at these times, reaching out for help can be reassuring and powerful. If you are feeling depressed, distressed, or anxious I can help. Together you and I will sift through the layers, untangle the thicket, and emerge more certain and clear. As we understand you better, we can use that knowledge to carve out a new path for you, one that offers greater ease and contentment.
Life can sometimes turn difficult and painful, and at these times, reaching out for help can be reassuring and powerful. If you are feeling depressed, distressed, or anxious I can help. Together you and I will sift through the layers, untangle the thicket, and emerge more certain and clear. As we understand you better, we can use that knowledge to carve out a new path for you, one that offers greater ease and contentment.
(202) 519-0690 View (202) 519-0690
Photo of Alisa Schwartz, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Alisa Schwartz
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
I am a clinical psychologist practicing for over 20 years. I have a lot of experience treating men and women facing a wide range of difficulties including depression, anxiety, low self esteem, relationship issues, work stresses, and life transitions. I have training in various treatment modalities including psychodynamic, CBT, and DBT and tailor my treatment to your needs. In general, I try to understand the origins of the problem and teach practical techniques for making improvements. I have a warm, interactive and collaborative style and will work with you to make positive changes in your life.
I am a clinical psychologist practicing for over 20 years. I have a lot of experience treating men and women facing a wide range of difficulties including depression, anxiety, low self esteem, relationship issues, work stresses, and life transitions. I have training in various treatment modalities including psychodynamic, CBT, and DBT and tailor my treatment to your needs. In general, I try to understand the origins of the problem and teach practical techniques for making improvements. I have a warm, interactive and collaborative style and will work with you to make positive changes in your life.
(202) 517-7708 View (202) 517-7708
Photo of Emily West, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Emily West
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009
Sometimes we worry that coming to therapy means something is wrong. I believe it means something is right. Often, my clients find themselves facing more decisions and questions about who they are and what they want out of their lives and relationships than ever before. My clients experience a range of concerns including depression, anxiety, career challenges, loneliness, trauma, low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, adjusting to life changes, difficult family dynamics, and generally feeling overwhelmed by life. This is an important time when many people ask themselves: How can I feel like what I do matters?
Sometimes we worry that coming to therapy means something is wrong. I believe it means something is right. Often, my clients find themselves facing more decisions and questions about who they are and what they want out of their lives and relationships than ever before. My clients experience a range of concerns including depression, anxiety, career challenges, loneliness, trauma, low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, adjusting to life changes, difficult family dynamics, and generally feeling overwhelmed by life. This is an important time when many people ask themselves: How can I feel like what I do matters?
(202) 519-6813 View (202) 519-6813
Photo of Christopher Barry Hill, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Christopher Barry Hill
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20003
*Now Accepting Tele-therapy Clients* Do you find yourself feeling sad, anxious, unhappy with life circumstances? Are you having relationship difficulties, feel stress from work, or have a child experiencing difficulties? I offer comprehensive assistance to change and work through many of life's challenges. If you find yourself suffering from any of these situations, or if you do not feel quite like yourself, let us help you begin on the road to improvement by addressing patient concerns, including but not limited to the following:
*Now Accepting Tele-therapy Clients* Do you find yourself feeling sad, anxious, unhappy with life circumstances? Are you having relationship difficulties, feel stress from work, or have a child experiencing difficulties? I offer comprehensive assistance to change and work through many of life's challenges. If you find yourself suffering from any of these situations, or if you do not feel quite like yourself, let us help you begin on the road to improvement by addressing patient concerns, including but not limited to the following:
(202) 759-4221 View (202) 759-4221
Photo of Daniel E Jossen, Resident in Counseling in Washington, DC
Daniel E Jossen
Resident in Counseling, MA
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20005  (Online Only)
I am a Resident in Counseling under the supervision of Jamaal A. Crone, MAR, M.Ed., LPC at The Crone Esquivel Group, LLC. My approach to counseling is to empower clients to live their best lives. My natural ability to connect with people provides the foundation for our work together. We will build an understanding of patterns that may affect how you talk to yourself, engage in relationships, approach your career, impact your growth, and much more. If you are reading my website, you’re probably considering therapy, which usually means you want to make some type of change in your life.
I am a Resident in Counseling under the supervision of Jamaal A. Crone, MAR, M.Ed., LPC at The Crone Esquivel Group, LLC. My approach to counseling is to empower clients to live their best lives. My natural ability to connect with people provides the foundation for our work together. We will build an understanding of patterns that may affect how you talk to yourself, engage in relationships, approach your career, impact your growth, and much more. If you are reading my website, you’re probably considering therapy, which usually means you want to make some type of change in your life.
(855) 922-4654 View (855) 922-4654
Photo of Josh Greene, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Josh Greene
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20002
I understand that reaching out for therapy is often a challenge and that it may be difficult to choose a therapist with whom you feel comfortable. I have been providing therapy for 26 years and have built a practice predicated upon expertise, trust, collaboration, and confidentiality. I specialize in providing support and successful techniques to help you manage stressors and symptoms associated with depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, relationship stress, and addiction. I work with children, adolescents, adults, and couples, and I am comfortable providing therapy in your home, if you are unable to come to the office.
I understand that reaching out for therapy is often a challenge and that it may be difficult to choose a therapist with whom you feel comfortable. I have been providing therapy for 26 years and have built a practice predicated upon expertise, trust, collaboration, and confidentiality. I specialize in providing support and successful techniques to help you manage stressors and symptoms associated with depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, relationship stress, and addiction. I work with children, adolescents, adults, and couples, and I am comfortable providing therapy in your home, if you are unable to come to the office.
(202) 760-4359 View (202) 760-4359
Photo of Laura J. George, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Laura J. George
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20037
I believe therapy is a collaborative relationship that can lead to finding new and positive ways of relating to people and situations in your life. In therapy, we look at the distinctive ways in which you relate to me and others, whether or not you are aware of them, and then we analyze them so you can consciously begin to do something different. I want to make psychotherapy affordable, so I accept clients on a sliding scale basis, from $100 to $150. I would be happy to hear from you.
I believe therapy is a collaborative relationship that can lead to finding new and positive ways of relating to people and situations in your life. In therapy, we look at the distinctive ways in which you relate to me and others, whether or not you are aware of them, and then we analyze them so you can consciously begin to do something different. I want to make psychotherapy affordable, so I accept clients on a sliding scale basis, from $100 to $150. I would be happy to hear from you.
(202) 656-9918 View (202) 656-9918
Photo of Melissa L. Kilbride & Associates, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Melissa L. Kilbride & Associates, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C, LCSW, CST
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20002
Therapy is an incredible tool for anyone searching to foster insight, growth, overall well-being, and change. It can be a frightening and intimidating journey, so our initial goal is to create a comfortable, trusting, and collaborative relationship with you. We provide psychotherapy for adults and couples dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma, grief, sexual and gender identity, and adjustment challenges. In addition, Melissa Kilbride provides seminars to parents on talking to their children about their bodies and sex, consent, and on supporting anxiety in children.
Therapy is an incredible tool for anyone searching to foster insight, growth, overall well-being, and change. It can be a frightening and intimidating journey, so our initial goal is to create a comfortable, trusting, and collaborative relationship with you. We provide psychotherapy for adults and couples dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma, grief, sexual and gender identity, and adjustment challenges. In addition, Melissa Kilbride provides seminars to parents on talking to their children about their bodies and sex, consent, and on supporting anxiety in children.
(202) 499-4003 View (202) 499-4003
Photo of Sheva Melmed, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Sheva Melmed
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20037
It is brave to choose how you want to craft your life. Many people are struggling through big life transitions, are unhappy in their relationships, or they want to move past anxiety and depression. Therapy is a place to understand what is happening now, and how to create something different and better to feel more satisfied. If this is you, I offer a space to look at and understand what is happening in your life, and how you can regain a sense of agency to create what you want. I am warm and engaging, and together we find patterns in your life that keep showing up and getting in your way. We look at how to cultivate what you want.
It is brave to choose how you want to craft your life. Many people are struggling through big life transitions, are unhappy in their relationships, or they want to move past anxiety and depression. Therapy is a place to understand what is happening now, and how to create something different and better to feel more satisfied. If this is you, I offer a space to look at and understand what is happening in your life, and how you can regain a sense of agency to create what you want. I am warm and engaging, and together we find patterns in your life that keep showing up and getting in your way. We look at how to cultivate what you want.
(202) 952-8507 View (202) 952-8507
Photo of Jessica Mcdonald, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Jessica Mcdonald
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20005
Are you looking to make a change in your life or your relationships? Do you want to understand why you tend to repeat the same patterns again and again? I am here to help. I believe in the resilience that exists within all of us and the healing power of the therapeutic relationship. My role as a therapist is that of an active collaborator, working together with clients to explore and address current challenges. My most important job is creating a safe and empathic therapeutic environment which fosters individual growth and empowers clients to overcome obstacles and achieve their goals.
Are you looking to make a change in your life or your relationships? Do you want to understand why you tend to repeat the same patterns again and again? I am here to help. I believe in the resilience that exists within all of us and the healing power of the therapeutic relationship. My role as a therapist is that of an active collaborator, working together with clients to explore and address current challenges. My most important job is creating a safe and empathic therapeutic environment which fosters individual growth and empowers clients to overcome obstacles and achieve their goals.
(813) 452-4917 View (813) 452-4917
Photo of David Pennington, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
David Pennington
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LGSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20011
I work with adults experiencing a wide range of issues, from anxiety, depression and trauma to relationship issues, personal identity, and life transitions or grief. Therapy can help you get unstuck in any of these areas, support you in creating your own life story, and assist you in feeling better and more in control.
I work with adults experiencing a wide range of issues, from anxiety, depression and trauma to relationship issues, personal identity, and life transitions or grief. Therapy can help you get unstuck in any of these areas, support you in creating your own life story, and assist you in feeling better and more in control.
(202) 851-2670 View (202) 851-2670
Photo of A Therapeutic Alliance in Washington, DC
A Therapeutic Alliance
LICSW, LCSW, LMSW, CST, LGSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006
Using a client-centered approach, our Clinicians help Clients understand and work through problems of everyday living, including relationship issues, work-life balance and self care issues, the impact of traumatic experiences past and present, and issues which affect day-to-day living. Connecting the dots of your inner experience and your outward struggles can be a powerful motivator for change. Together, we keep close track of your goals for therapy and your satisfaction with the results.
Using a client-centered approach, our Clinicians help Clients understand and work through problems of everyday living, including relationship issues, work-life balance and self care issues, the impact of traumatic experiences past and present, and issues which affect day-to-day living. Connecting the dots of your inner experience and your outward struggles can be a powerful motivator for change. Together, we keep close track of your goals for therapy and your satisfaction with the results.
(571) 882-9743 View (571) 882-9743
Photo of Karen Apsel, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Karen Apsel
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
I specialize in working with trauma, anxiety, depression and relationship issues. I help clients gain insight into what is getting in their way and to develop healthier coping strategies. I also work extensively with those struggling with addictions, including alcoholism and sexual addictions and compulsive internet pornography use. I have successfully helped break the interference of addictions and compulsions to lead healthier, more productive lives. In addition, I often work with spouses/partners who are struggling with the impact (and trauma) of these addictions on themselves and their relationships.
I specialize in working with trauma, anxiety, depression and relationship issues. I help clients gain insight into what is getting in their way and to develop healthier coping strategies. I also work extensively with those struggling with addictions, including alcoholism and sexual addictions and compulsive internet pornography use. I have successfully helped break the interference of addictions and compulsions to lead healthier, more productive lives. In addition, I often work with spouses/partners who are struggling with the impact (and trauma) of these addictions on themselves and their relationships.
(202) 969-2276 View (202) 969-2276

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Washington, DC

2,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Washington, DC who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% CareFirst
53% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Washington, DC see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Washington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.