Therapists in Berkeley, CA

Photo of Woody Wu, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Woody Wu
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94702
What do you want of this life? Are you living in alignment? What is being called to change? I'm here to help you heal, transform, and connect with your life force. This includes navigating difficult emotions, relationships, life transitions, and illuminating the most important things in your life; to free yourself from outdated patterns and become an active creator of your narrative.
What do you want of this life? Are you living in alignment? What is being called to change? I'm here to help you heal, transform, and connect with your life force. This includes navigating difficult emotions, relationships, life transitions, and illuminating the most important things in your life; to free yourself from outdated patterns and become an active creator of your narrative.
(510) 674-1523 View (510) 674-1523
Photo of Priscilla W. Malm, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Priscilla W. Malm
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
I would describe my therapeutic approach as empathic, compassionate, non-judgmental, collaborative, and empowering. It is important that my clients feel seen, heard, understood, and empowered. I believe that fostering a safe and secure therapeutic relationship is crucial in the therapeutic process. I also believe in meeting the clients where they are at any given moment and empowering them to discover insights and skills that work best for them.
I would describe my therapeutic approach as empathic, compassionate, non-judgmental, collaborative, and empowering. It is important that my clients feel seen, heard, understood, and empowered. I believe that fostering a safe and secure therapeutic relationship is crucial in the therapeutic process. I also believe in meeting the clients where they are at any given moment and empowering them to discover insights and skills that work best for them.
(415) 849-3903 View (415) 849-3903
Photo of Stephanie Wise, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Stephanie Wise
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSCP, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
Do you and your partner struggle to talk about difficult topics? Maybe the issues aren't that big but for some reason things keep getting blown up to big fights? Maybe you've gone through a life transition or are about to go through one and want to have space to process how you've changed? My speciality is unlocking the secrets of happy relationships. I use research backed interventions to help you build intimacy, improve communication, and avoid common conflict roadblocks. Whether you are looking to process a breakup, learn to find healthy connection, strengthen your love, or reconnect and get back on track, therapy can help.
Do you and your partner struggle to talk about difficult topics? Maybe the issues aren't that big but for some reason things keep getting blown up to big fights? Maybe you've gone through a life transition or are about to go through one and want to have space to process how you've changed? My speciality is unlocking the secrets of happy relationships. I use research backed interventions to help you build intimacy, improve communication, and avoid common conflict roadblocks. Whether you are looking to process a breakup, learn to find healthy connection, strengthen your love, or reconnect and get back on track, therapy can help.
(341) 946-4275 View (341) 946-4275
Photo of Sheila Addison, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Sheila Addison
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
16 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705  (Online Only)
Building relationships to last a lifetime! I work with * Individuals from all walks of life * Couples of all kinds - married, co-habitating, dating, divorced * Families of all sorts * Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people and their partners and families * People who are part of the kink community, or who participate in BDSM in their personal lives * People in open, non-monogamous, polyamorous, or other non-traditional relationships * Cross-cultural couples and families * Genderqueer folks * Current or former workers in the sex industry * People with body image and self-acceptance issues * People with all kinds of mental and physical health problems
Building relationships to last a lifetime! I work with * Individuals from all walks of life * Couples of all kinds - married, co-habitating, dating, divorced * Families of all sorts * Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people and their partners and families * People who are part of the kink community, or who participate in BDSM in their personal lives * People in open, non-monogamous, polyamorous, or other non-traditional relationships * Cross-cultural couples and families * Genderqueer folks * Current or former workers in the sex industry * People with body image and self-acceptance issues * People with all kinds of mental and physical health problems
(510) 403-1458 View (510) 403-1458
Photo of Matthew Moreno, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Matthew Moreno
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705
In person appointments available. I work with adults, providing both individual and couples therapy. I use evidence based practices to help clients effectively address anxiety, depression, trauma, difficulties in relationships, as well as supporting clients who aren't living their lives the way they want. I particularly have a passion for helping adults who had abusive/neglectful childhoods. Everyone deserves to be happy and to get the support they need to heal from whatever they've gone through.
In person appointments available. I work with adults, providing both individual and couples therapy. I use evidence based practices to help clients effectively address anxiety, depression, trauma, difficulties in relationships, as well as supporting clients who aren't living their lives the way they want. I particularly have a passion for helping adults who had abusive/neglectful childhoods. Everyone deserves to be happy and to get the support they need to heal from whatever they've gone through.
(415) 675-1848 View (415) 675-1848
Photo of Cody Dunitz, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Berkeley, CA
Cody Dunitz
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705  (Online Only)
There are many ways to find healing. I use an integrative approach that draws from various modalities such as Gestalt, Nonviolent Communication, mindfulness, somatic healing, and attachment-based therapies. Using a compassionate and collaborative style, I seek to help you work through challenges that are affecting your relationships and the life you want to live. Humor and play can also have wonderful healing benefits, and I often find ways, when appropriate, to fold them into our sessions. Exploring the connection between the mind and the body is at the foundation of the work we will do together.
There are many ways to find healing. I use an integrative approach that draws from various modalities such as Gestalt, Nonviolent Communication, mindfulness, somatic healing, and attachment-based therapies. Using a compassionate and collaborative style, I seek to help you work through challenges that are affecting your relationships and the life you want to live. Humor and play can also have wonderful healing benefits, and I often find ways, when appropriate, to fold them into our sessions. Exploring the connection between the mind and the body is at the foundation of the work we will do together.
(628) 258-7894 View (628) 258-7894
Photo of Wes Hardcastle-Orr, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Wes Hardcastle-Orr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
I practice Cognitive Behavioral Therapy which allows clients to see and understand connections between their stressful situations, their thoughts and beliefs, and resulting emotional difficulty. While I also employ the use of a Strengths-based model and collaborative treatment planning the therapy I practice is structured and makes use of agenda-setting at the beginning of sessions and homework after the session is completed. The homework is not overly time-consuming and it enhances therapy much like the saying "The more you put into something the more you get out of it."
I practice Cognitive Behavioral Therapy which allows clients to see and understand connections between their stressful situations, their thoughts and beliefs, and resulting emotional difficulty. While I also employ the use of a Strengths-based model and collaborative treatment planning the therapy I practice is structured and makes use of agenda-setting at the beginning of sessions and homework after the session is completed. The homework is not overly time-consuming and it enhances therapy much like the saying "The more you put into something the more you get out of it."
(341) 234-2896 View (341) 234-2896
Photo of Laurie Margaritonda, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Laurie Margaritonda
Psychologist, PsyD, MSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
We live in powerful times, filled with much opportunity and yet so much pressure to succeed that it can be difficult to navigate our personal challenges amidst the demands that come with it. We want to feel connected, whole, and in our purpose, but often feel separate, isolated, and fragmented instead. In order to heal, awareness, compassion and courage are needed to meet the painful spaces and shed light on our shadows, transforming them into opportunities for more presence, fulfillment and joy. I aim to empower the healer within you. As we heal, we serve ourselves and the world around us for the better.
We live in powerful times, filled with much opportunity and yet so much pressure to succeed that it can be difficult to navigate our personal challenges amidst the demands that come with it. We want to feel connected, whole, and in our purpose, but often feel separate, isolated, and fragmented instead. In order to heal, awareness, compassion and courage are needed to meet the painful spaces and shed light on our shadows, transforming them into opportunities for more presence, fulfillment and joy. I aim to empower the healer within you. As we heal, we serve ourselves and the world around us for the better.
(628) 265-6983 View (628) 265-6983
Photo of Yi Zhao Martins, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Yi Zhao Martins
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, MLI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94702  (Online Only)
You met someone; you fell in love…is it time to build a family together? What about all the fights you have been having recently? Now you are a mother/father, juggling childcare, professional development, housework… what about US? What about ME? How to teach our kids when we don’t even agree? Things are not working out; Shall we give it one last try before separating? My partner wants to open up the relationship/marriage. What does it even mean?
You met someone; you fell in love…is it time to build a family together? What about all the fights you have been having recently? Now you are a mother/father, juggling childcare, professional development, housework… what about US? What about ME? How to teach our kids when we don’t even agree? Things are not working out; Shall we give it one last try before separating? My partner wants to open up the relationship/marriage. What does it even mean?
(510) 650-1171 View (510) 650-1171
Photo of Jim Rosati, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Jim Rosati
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
Not accepting new clients
Move toward an authentic, more rewarding, life. Whether you're struggling with the same problems over and over, or just can't shake the feeling that something is missing from your life, my unique blend of supportive and exploratory psychotherapy can help. Uncover and change unconscious patterns of thinking, feeling, and relating that may have served you at one time in your life, but now block you from living with spontaneity, creativity, and zest.
Move toward an authentic, more rewarding, life. Whether you're struggling with the same problems over and over, or just can't shake the feeling that something is missing from your life, my unique blend of supportive and exploratory psychotherapy can help. Uncover and change unconscious patterns of thinking, feeling, and relating that may have served you at one time in your life, but now block you from living with spontaneity, creativity, and zest.
(510) 698-9705 View (510) 698-9705
Photo of Kenneth Gregg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Kenneth Gregg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94707  (Online Only)
Welcome and thank you for your interest in my practice. Choosing a therapist involves your heart and mind and willingness to trust another with your inner thoughts. I have over twenty years of experience, working with adults on a wide range of issues. My approach is "integrative"- focusing on both deep-seated patterns as well as practical issues. Although trained in various techniques, I believe the quality of our relationship is important for meaningful therapy. I incorporate skills for reducing depression and anxiety, improving relationships and dealing with the many stressors we face. I can help you feel better.
Welcome and thank you for your interest in my practice. Choosing a therapist involves your heart and mind and willingness to trust another with your inner thoughts. I have over twenty years of experience, working with adults on a wide range of issues. My approach is "integrative"- focusing on both deep-seated patterns as well as practical issues. Although trained in various techniques, I believe the quality of our relationship is important for meaningful therapy. I incorporate skills for reducing depression and anxiety, improving relationships and dealing with the many stressors we face. I can help you feel better.
(510) 319-3234 View (510) 319-3234
Photo of Patti Wiley, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Patti Wiley
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94707  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
During the past 30 years of working as a psychotherapist, I have helped people with anxiety, depression, loss, relationship and work issues, and often just a general sense that something isn't right. As a Jungian and relational therapist, I am empathic, nonjudgemental, nonpatholgizing, and deeply interested in the uniqueness of each human being who comes to me. Warm and down-to-earth, I enjoy exploring deeper levels of experience but can be practical and provide suggestions and tools when that is what is needed.
During the past 30 years of working as a psychotherapist, I have helped people with anxiety, depression, loss, relationship and work issues, and often just a general sense that something isn't right. As a Jungian and relational therapist, I am empathic, nonjudgemental, nonpatholgizing, and deeply interested in the uniqueness of each human being who comes to me. Warm and down-to-earth, I enjoy exploring deeper levels of experience but can be practical and provide suggestions and tools when that is what is needed.
(510) 466-1436 View (510) 466-1436
Photo of Yagmur Akay, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Yagmur Akay
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704
Hello, I am a licensed psychotherapist who works with both individuals and couples. As a multilingual practitioner, I am specifically attuned to cultural delineations. I have numerous years of experience specializing in complex trauma, PTSD, anxiety disorders, relational challenges, identity and self-esteem struggles. People come to therapy with unique experiences and goals. I listen and strive to have a deep understanding of each client.
Hello, I am a licensed psychotherapist who works with both individuals and couples. As a multilingual practitioner, I am specifically attuned to cultural delineations. I have numerous years of experience specializing in complex trauma, PTSD, anxiety disorders, relational challenges, identity and self-esteem struggles. People come to therapy with unique experiences and goals. I listen and strive to have a deep understanding of each client.
(510) 826-5713 View (510) 826-5713
Photo of Ian Faerstein, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Ian Faerstein
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
Sometimes we experience difficulties that we can't seem to solve on our own. It may be a life transition that creates unexpected challenges, such as graduating, changing jobs, becoming a parent, or losing a loved one. It may be a relationship problem or a difficult situation at work. Or it may be more of an internal struggle, in which we find ourselves feeling anxious, lonely, or stuck. Sometimes we just have a vague sense that something isn't right, that we're not as happy or as fulfilled as we could be.
Sometimes we experience difficulties that we can't seem to solve on our own. It may be a life transition that creates unexpected challenges, such as graduating, changing jobs, becoming a parent, or losing a loved one. It may be a relationship problem or a difficult situation at work. Or it may be more of an internal struggle, in which we find ourselves feeling anxious, lonely, or stuck. Sometimes we just have a vague sense that something isn't right, that we're not as happy or as fulfilled as we could be.
(510) 662-0350 View (510) 662-0350
Photo of Noa Ramo-Larios, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Noa Ramo-Larios
Psychologist, PhD, MPH
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
In life there are many things that influence how we feel, how we think, and in turn how we behave. When working with clients I like to explore how interactions with the social- cultural environment shape their well being. I find it important to focus on the things we can change and find ways to cope with the things we cannot.
In life there are many things that influence how we feel, how we think, and in turn how we behave. When working with clients I like to explore how interactions with the social- cultural environment shape their well being. I find it important to focus on the things we can change and find ways to cope with the things we cannot.
(341) 888-7328 View (341) 888-7328
Photo of Donna Long, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Donna Long
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705  (Online Only)
I am a safe and devoted ally, helping people to better understand and to befriend their inner terrain and behavior. I use warmth, curiosity, and humor to help remove obstacles to feeling happier and more connected. I have assisted many people facing the challenges that come with complex PTSD, including depression, anxiety, relationship and work difficulties, unwanted patterns of behavior, and painful emotional states. In my work with couples, I help each partner feel safe, heard, seen, and respected enough to uncover and put words to the vulnerable feelings that underly discord and alienation.
I am a safe and devoted ally, helping people to better understand and to befriend their inner terrain and behavior. I use warmth, curiosity, and humor to help remove obstacles to feeling happier and more connected. I have assisted many people facing the challenges that come with complex PTSD, including depression, anxiety, relationship and work difficulties, unwanted patterns of behavior, and painful emotional states. In my work with couples, I help each partner feel safe, heard, seen, and respected enough to uncover and put words to the vulnerable feelings that underly discord and alienation.
(415) 630-4265 View (415) 630-4265
Photo of Susan Thompson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Susan Thompson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94703
We all have the capacity to live fulfilling and creative lives, but sometimes difficult circumstances overwhelm us, or we find ourselves in painful relational patterns. I see the transformative power of psychotherapy help people make lasting changes in how they relate to themselves and others, and move beyond protective patterns that limit their capacity for satisfaction and joy. In our collaborative relationship, we will explore your inner world, and when appropriate, the impact of family, gender, culture, sexual orientation, class, temperament, current relationships, life stage, and daily stressors on you and your life.
We all have the capacity to live fulfilling and creative lives, but sometimes difficult circumstances overwhelm us, or we find ourselves in painful relational patterns. I see the transformative power of psychotherapy help people make lasting changes in how they relate to themselves and others, and move beyond protective patterns that limit their capacity for satisfaction and joy. In our collaborative relationship, we will explore your inner world, and when appropriate, the impact of family, gender, culture, sexual orientation, class, temperament, current relationships, life stage, and daily stressors on you and your life.
(510) 394-3556 View (510) 394-3556
Photo of Parisa Julia Farrohi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Parisa Julia Farrohi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94707
I am a bicultural psychotherapist with over 20 years of experience working with children, adults, and families. In addition to private practice, I have clinical experience in community based settings such as schools, mental health centers, foster/adoption care, and psychiatric hospitals. My therapeutic approach is relational trauma informed, rooted in Psycho Dynamic Theory, Dialectal Behavior therapy, Mindful Self-compassion (MSC), and Family Systems.
I am a bicultural psychotherapist with over 20 years of experience working with children, adults, and families. In addition to private practice, I have clinical experience in community based settings such as schools, mental health centers, foster/adoption care, and psychiatric hospitals. My therapeutic approach is relational trauma informed, rooted in Psycho Dynamic Theory, Dialectal Behavior therapy, Mindful Self-compassion (MSC), and Family Systems.
(510) 945-3953 View (510) 945-3953
Photo of Jaclyn Neddenriep, Psychologist in Berkeley, CA
Jaclyn Neddenriep
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
Many of us don’t seek help or try to make changes until something becomes so uncomfortable that we can’t bear to stay the same. My goal is to help you make positive and lasting changes that ultimately result in decreased distress and help you live a more meaningful and present-focused life. I take a nonjudgmental and holistic approach by helping you to address problem areas that have caused you distress. I do this by providing a supportive and safe environment for you to explore what is inhibiting you from living aligned with your values and collaborating with you on how to identify flexible approaches to meeting your goals.
Many of us don’t seek help or try to make changes until something becomes so uncomfortable that we can’t bear to stay the same. My goal is to help you make positive and lasting changes that ultimately result in decreased distress and help you live a more meaningful and present-focused life. I take a nonjudgmental and holistic approach by helping you to address problem areas that have caused you distress. I do this by providing a supportive and safe environment for you to explore what is inhibiting you from living aligned with your values and collaborating with you on how to identify flexible approaches to meeting your goals.
(415) 941-0351 View (415) 941-0351
Photo of Shari Gleicher, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Berkeley, CA
Shari Gleicher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
It takes courage to ask for help - and finding the right therapist is not easy. I offer experienced and compassionate psychotherapy that is also convenient and flexible. Therapy can be short-term and focused, geared toward providing true relief from anxiety, depression, and emotional patterns that contribute to poor health and chronic pain. I apply my experience of over 20 years in integrated healthcare settings, utilizing a holistic lens to work with you to construct a comprehensive health improvement plan that is specific to your individual needs.
It takes courage to ask for help - and finding the right therapist is not easy. I offer experienced and compassionate psychotherapy that is also convenient and flexible. Therapy can be short-term and focused, geared toward providing true relief from anxiety, depression, and emotional patterns that contribute to poor health and chronic pain. I apply my experience of over 20 years in integrated healthcare settings, utilizing a holistic lens to work with you to construct a comprehensive health improvement plan that is specific to your individual needs.
(510) 930-0908 View (510) 930-0908

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Berkeley, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$190

Therapists in Berkeley, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
75% Trauma and PTSD
73% Grief
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Aetna
39% Cigna and Evernorth
38% Other

How Therapists in Berkeley, CA see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
22% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Berkeley?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.