Therapists in Toledo, OH

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Photo of Tracey Warren, Counselor in Toledo, OH
Tracey Warren
Counselor, LPCC-S, LCDCIII
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
I am a clinician that specializes in treating those effected by trauma and complex trauma from children to adult ages. With this population, I utilize TF-CBT and EMDR. I am also skilled and trained in PCIT for those children ages 3-9. and families. I have a very diverse caseload which includes clients of various ages, family and couples counseling, as well stage of life transitions. I also have experience using DBT for the population of those suffering from personality disorders. It is my goal to improve the quality of life for all my clients.
I am a clinician that specializes in treating those effected by trauma and complex trauma from children to adult ages. With this population, I utilize TF-CBT and EMDR. I am also skilled and trained in PCIT for those children ages 3-9. and families. I have a very diverse caseload which includes clients of various ages, family and couples counseling, as well stage of life transitions. I also have experience using DBT for the population of those suffering from personality disorders. It is my goal to improve the quality of life for all my clients.
(419) 451-4487 View (419) 451-4487
Photo of Michael Kimball Integrative Psychotherapy, Psychologist in Toledo, OH
Michael Kimball Integrative Psychotherapy
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43617
Discover. Empower. Heal. A happy life is possible and attainable.
Discover. Empower. Heal. A happy life is possible and attainable.
(419) 318-1537 View (419) 318-1537
Photo of Kathleen 'katie' Jaworski | Anxiety People Pleasing Perfectionism, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Kathleen 'katie' Jaworski | Anxiety People Pleasing Perfectionism
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43606  (Online Only)
Do you frequently have racing thoughts or worry about the worst case scenario? Do you spend hours thinking about how you’re perceived by others? You might often feel lost and unsure about your next steps. You may feel unhappy or lack close relationships or a meaningful work life. What you want most is to regain your confidence, reduce anxiety, and discover a clearer sense of purpose. You are driven by a desire to improve your overall well-being and pursue your dreams with greater certainty and self-assuredness.
Do you frequently have racing thoughts or worry about the worst case scenario? Do you spend hours thinking about how you’re perceived by others? You might often feel lost and unsure about your next steps. You may feel unhappy or lack close relationships or a meaningful work life. What you want most is to regain your confidence, reduce anxiety, and discover a clearer sense of purpose. You are driven by a desire to improve your overall well-being and pursue your dreams with greater certainty and self-assuredness.
(419) 963-4998 View (419) 963-4998
Photo of Michelle Blue, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Michelle Blue
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S, CEAP
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43617
Not accepting new clients
People pursue counseling and therapy for a variety of reasons. Some enter into therapy to address major life changes or to seek help in managing mental health conditions, while others may need assistance with everyday life occurrences. No matter the situation, circumstance, and/or stressor(s) that you may be facing, I will work with and counsel you right where you are. You will find that the various evidenced-based approaches I provide exemplify nothing less than a safe haven for precisely that kind of free-ranging release where you can express yourself and be unapologetically you.
People pursue counseling and therapy for a variety of reasons. Some enter into therapy to address major life changes or to seek help in managing mental health conditions, while others may need assistance with everyday life occurrences. No matter the situation, circumstance, and/or stressor(s) that you may be facing, I will work with and counsel you right where you are. You will find that the various evidenced-based approaches I provide exemplify nothing less than a safe haven for precisely that kind of free-ranging release where you can express yourself and be unapologetically you.
(567) 320-0961 View (567) 320-0961
Photo of Sara Wegrzyn, Counselor in Toledo, OH
Sara Wegrzyn
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43615
I believe therapy should be about a caring and collaborative relationship that helps you build the life that you desire. I am here to be supportive, encouraging, and emphasize already positive qualities, as well as develop effective coping skills, thinking patterns and insight. In a casual and safe environment, therapy will focus on processing experiences, building skills and developing a healthy lifestyle to cope with whatever depression, anxiety or trauma symptoms you are struggling with. I want to help you build a life you want by decreasing the negative impact of those symptoms and increasing your ability to cope with them.
I believe therapy should be about a caring and collaborative relationship that helps you build the life that you desire. I am here to be supportive, encouraging, and emphasize already positive qualities, as well as develop effective coping skills, thinking patterns and insight. In a casual and safe environment, therapy will focus on processing experiences, building skills and developing a healthy lifestyle to cope with whatever depression, anxiety or trauma symptoms you are struggling with. I want to help you build a life you want by decreasing the negative impact of those symptoms and increasing your ability to cope with them.
(419) 513-8701 View (419) 513-8701
Photo of Toni Epperson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Toni Epperson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43604  (Online Only)
Looking for help? Searching for answers? For change? Do you feel your hope diminishing; that "this is not the life that I should be living, I AM missing something." If you can admit thoughts like this, then you are on the edge of change. Where you are now emotionally is not where you will always be, if you take a step of courage and reach out for help. The life you seek, that you desire, is available to you. You can have it, with one changed thought at a time.
Looking for help? Searching for answers? For change? Do you feel your hope diminishing; that "this is not the life that I should be living, I AM missing something." If you can admit thoughts like this, then you are on the edge of change. Where you are now emotionally is not where you will always be, if you take a step of courage and reach out for help. The life you seek, that you desire, is available to you. You can have it, with one changed thought at a time.
(419) 513-8674 View (419) 513-8674
Photo of Resilient-Mindset , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Resilient-Mindset
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43614  (Online Only)
As a resilience focused clinician, I deliver services in a person-centered- multifaceted evidence-based approach! Specializing in mental health and substance use concerns for individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, stress management, relationship issues, life transitions, and self-esteem issues. I also have experiences working with families and individuals who have encountered trauma, individuals with an intellectual and/or disability, family origin concerns: ACES (adverse childhood event), co-dependency, attachment and adjustment anxieties, caregiver stress/burnout, and life transitions.
As a resilience focused clinician, I deliver services in a person-centered- multifaceted evidence-based approach! Specializing in mental health and substance use concerns for individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, stress management, relationship issues, life transitions, and self-esteem issues. I also have experiences working with families and individuals who have encountered trauma, individuals with an intellectual and/or disability, family origin concerns: ACES (adverse childhood event), co-dependency, attachment and adjustment anxieties, caregiver stress/burnout, and life transitions.
(419) 617-0331 View (419) 617-0331
Photo of Sarah Erd, Counselor in Toledo, OH
Sarah Erd
Counselor, LPCC-S, RPT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43606
Children face their own dilemmas. Which can make them feel overwhelmed, frustrated, impulsive, or anxious and act out. I use a child's natural language of play to explore these feelings with them and their families. I believe that the best therapy and care comes from a safe, trusting and nurturing environment and relationship. I am here to help your child and family learn to heal from traumatic events and everyday stressors. I have completed education and training to be a credentialed Registered Play Therapist. I received my MA in Community Counseling from Siena Heights, in 2010.
Children face their own dilemmas. Which can make them feel overwhelmed, frustrated, impulsive, or anxious and act out. I use a child's natural language of play to explore these feelings with them and their families. I believe that the best therapy and care comes from a safe, trusting and nurturing environment and relationship. I am here to help your child and family learn to heal from traumatic events and everyday stressors. I have completed education and training to be a credentialed Registered Play Therapist. I received my MA in Community Counseling from Siena Heights, in 2010.
(567) 236-8264 View (567) 236-8264
Photo of Kiersten Misra, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Kiersten Misra
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
Life can feel overwhelming at times but having a support person to guide you through this can have a positive impact on your life. I see therapy as an opportunity to collaborate with patients to identify how to move through struggles to get to a better place and be their best selves. My approach is direct but compassionate and I use strengths-based interventions. I offer a safe and judgment-free space to process through struggles and help you get the most out of your treatment. This journey is not always easy but having a therapist to support and guide you can make the journey a bit easier and not feel so alone.
Life can feel overwhelming at times but having a support person to guide you through this can have a positive impact on your life. I see therapy as an opportunity to collaborate with patients to identify how to move through struggles to get to a better place and be their best selves. My approach is direct but compassionate and I use strengths-based interventions. I offer a safe and judgment-free space to process through struggles and help you get the most out of your treatment. This journey is not always easy but having a therapist to support and guide you can make the journey a bit easier and not feel so alone.
(567) 278-9226 View (567) 278-9226
Photo of Victoria Boraggina, Counselor in Toledo, OH
Victoria Boraggina
Counselor, MAC, MCJ, LPCC
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
The journey through life can be challenging and lonely at times. Your sight becomes blurred and you search for answers. Let me take your hand and walk with you. I specialize in trauma, LGBTIQ issues, abuse, and narcissistic abuse. I offer support groups for depression, narcissistic abuse, and teen support groups. The first step is often the most difficult but hope is on the horizon.
The journey through life can be challenging and lonely at times. Your sight becomes blurred and you search for answers. Let me take your hand and walk with you. I specialize in trauma, LGBTIQ issues, abuse, and narcissistic abuse. I offer support groups for depression, narcissistic abuse, and teen support groups. The first step is often the most difficult but hope is on the horizon.
(567) 226-3432 View (567) 226-3432
Traven W Towns
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
Not accepting new clients
I recognize and appreciate that each person is unique, with their own experiences. I tailor my approach and use of therapeutic interventions to meet each individual person’s needs. My goal is to empower my clients and support them throughout their wellness journey, by providing a safe space where people feel comfortable processing their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. I am an LGBTQIA+ affirming and culturally inclusive therapist, with experience working with a wide range of populations and diverse backgrounds.
I recognize and appreciate that each person is unique, with their own experiences. I tailor my approach and use of therapeutic interventions to meet each individual person’s needs. My goal is to empower my clients and support them throughout their wellness journey, by providing a safe space where people feel comfortable processing their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. I am an LGBTQIA+ affirming and culturally inclusive therapist, with experience working with a wide range of populations and diverse backgrounds.
(419) 451-4347 View (419) 451-4347
Photo of Linda L Smith, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Toledo, OH
Linda L Smith
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, JD, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43606
Helen Keller wrote, "Although the world is full of suffering, it is also full of the overcoming of it." For those in emotional pain, life can be a dark and lonely place. When we suffer, we lose touch with our core of strength and well-being. But the resilience of the human heart offers hope for healing. I will provide reassurance through a strong bond of trust and non-judgmental acceptance. In a compassionate and supportive atmosphere, I will help you find your way back to peace and well-being.
Helen Keller wrote, "Although the world is full of suffering, it is also full of the overcoming of it." For those in emotional pain, life can be a dark and lonely place. When we suffer, we lose touch with our core of strength and well-being. But the resilience of the human heart offers hope for healing. I will provide reassurance through a strong bond of trust and non-judgmental acceptance. In a compassionate and supportive atmosphere, I will help you find your way back to peace and well-being.
(419) 960-0457 View (419) 960-0457
Photo of Kaitlyn Bachmann, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Kaitlyn Bachmann
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
Hello! My name is Kaitlyn, and I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker with a Master’s Degree from Loyola University Chicago (MSW, LISW-S). My goal is to start with you wherever you are in your healing process and assist you throughout your journey by providing an empathetic, safe space for you to be able to express yourself. Not only can I help you with addressing various thoughts and feelings related to mental health, but I can also provide broader ideas that might provide you with different ways of thinking about your wellbeing to better assist you in your journey.
Hello! My name is Kaitlyn, and I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker with a Master’s Degree from Loyola University Chicago (MSW, LISW-S). My goal is to start with you wherever you are in your healing process and assist you throughout your journey by providing an empathetic, safe space for you to be able to express yourself. Not only can I help you with addressing various thoughts and feelings related to mental health, but I can also provide broader ideas that might provide you with different ways of thinking about your wellbeing to better assist you in your journey.
(419) 780-3066 View (419) 780-3066
Photo of Barbara Reszko, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Barbara Reszko
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43623
My name is Barb Reszko, I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker who has worked with and provided therapy for a variety of populations. I have worked with people struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, social and relationship concerns, and chronic pain and illness.
My name is Barb Reszko, I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker who has worked with and provided therapy for a variety of populations. I have worked with people struggling with trauma, depression, anxiety, social and relationship concerns, and chronic pain and illness.
(419) 863-3756 View (419) 863-3756
Photo of Jared S Rose, Counselor in Toledo, OH
Jared S Rose
Counselor, PhD, LPCC-S, NCC, EMDRC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43615
Life is not about finding yourself. Life is about creating yourself. - George Bernard Shaw Dr. Rose's work is informed by >30 years of experience in various helping-profession roles, including >15 of clinical mental health work in community mental health and private practice. Dr. Rose has produced more than 40 publications in peer-reviewed journals, books, state-wide education curricula, and public media outlets; provided over 150 conference presentations and educational trainings at regional, state, national, and international arenas; given 6 keynote addresses; and given over 30 educational television and radio broadcasts.
Life is not about finding yourself. Life is about creating yourself. - George Bernard Shaw Dr. Rose's work is informed by >30 years of experience in various helping-profession roles, including >15 of clinical mental health work in community mental health and private practice. Dr. Rose has produced more than 40 publications in peer-reviewed journals, books, state-wide education curricula, and public media outlets; provided over 150 conference presentations and educational trainings at regional, state, national, and international arenas; given 6 keynote addresses; and given over 30 educational television and radio broadcasts.
(419) 462-9350 View (419) 462-9350
Photo of Jason Goldswer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Jason Goldswer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43623
Looking for a safe, supportive confidential therapeutic environment to work through personal challenges? You don't have to navigate this alone. Whether you're struggling with the affects of anxiety, depression, complications in your marriage or relationships, low self -esteem or any other issues causing you distress, allow me to partner with you in identifying the cause of your concerns. I will join you in developing ways in which you can cope, heal and restore your well being.
Looking for a safe, supportive confidential therapeutic environment to work through personal challenges? You don't have to navigate this alone. Whether you're struggling with the affects of anxiety, depression, complications in your marriage or relationships, low self -esteem or any other issues causing you distress, allow me to partner with you in identifying the cause of your concerns. I will join you in developing ways in which you can cope, heal and restore your well being.
(419) 597-5653 View (419) 597-5653
Photo of Meggan M. Desmond, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Meggan M. Desmond
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S, CEDS
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
It is such a sign of strength to confront the challenges that we face in times of difficulty. I understand how issues relating to self esteem, depression, anxiety, trauma, stress, disordered eating, body image, work, relationships, parenting or other things can interfere with our ability to be our best selves. People need a comfortable, judgment free, and safe space to process their feelings, learn healthy coping skills, practice new thoughts/behaviors, and set goals for the future. I am committed to helping you create the change necessary to develop more satisfaction in your life.
It is such a sign of strength to confront the challenges that we face in times of difficulty. I understand how issues relating to self esteem, depression, anxiety, trauma, stress, disordered eating, body image, work, relationships, parenting or other things can interfere with our ability to be our best selves. People need a comfortable, judgment free, and safe space to process their feelings, learn healthy coping skills, practice new thoughts/behaviors, and set goals for the future. I am committed to helping you create the change necessary to develop more satisfaction in your life.
(419) 314-3234 View (419) 314-3234
Photo of Lauren Pringle, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Lauren Pringle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43606
Accepting new clients! Email is the best form of contact for me. Lauren may be a good fit if you feel stuck in a relationship, you feel overwhelmed and disconnected as a parent, have a child with behavioral struggles, or are having difficulty making and/or keeping relationships with others. She may be a good fit if you are a new mom, a young professional, or you struggle with self-confidence and trusting yourself. As well as, if you have trouble balancing your work and home life. Clients appreciate her gentle, engaging, and sometimes humorous approach in therapy. She states that- Everyone deserves a
Accepting new clients! Email is the best form of contact for me. Lauren may be a good fit if you feel stuck in a relationship, you feel overwhelmed and disconnected as a parent, have a child with behavioral struggles, or are having difficulty making and/or keeping relationships with others. She may be a good fit if you are a new mom, a young professional, or you struggle with self-confidence and trusting yourself. As well as, if you have trouble balancing your work and home life. Clients appreciate her gentle, engaging, and sometimes humorous approach in therapy. She states that- Everyone deserves a
(419) 567-8168 View (419) 567-8168
Photo of Julie Ann Lake, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Toledo, OH
Julie Ann Lake
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Toledo, OH 43606  (Online Only)
Making the decision to seek counseling can be difficult for many people. Allow me to help you make the process less painful. Together we can explore the issues in your life and work on finding solutions that can make a difference for you as you move forward. We all have experienced pain as well as joy in our lives. You and I will work on alleviating your struggles while learning ways to manage future struggles as not to allow them to overwhelm you. Often times getting to know yourself can be a large part of the process. Learning why we think the way we do or act a certain way can help us learn to cope more effectively.
Making the decision to seek counseling can be difficult for many people. Allow me to help you make the process less painful. Together we can explore the issues in your life and work on finding solutions that can make a difference for you as you move forward. We all have experienced pain as well as joy in our lives. You and I will work on alleviating your struggles while learning ways to manage future struggles as not to allow them to overwhelm you. Often times getting to know yourself can be a large part of the process. Learning why we think the way we do or act a certain way can help us learn to cope more effectively.
(567) 236-8047 View (567) 236-8047
Photo of Hannah Andrus, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Toledo, OH
Hannah Andrus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Toledo, OH 43623
Hi! I'm Hannah (she/her). As a therapist, I like to think of our work together as a team. No issue or struggle is too small. I want you to be able to recognize and validate your experiences and feelings. We process, reflect, and brainstorm together to find the best possible outcome for you. My goal is to empower and encourage you to work toward your goals and trust yourself. I help you look at all the events in your life that add up to the unique person you have become. Every client is different, and we will identify your personal needs, wants, goals, and struggles, as well as how to start to overcome them.
Hi! I'm Hannah (she/her). As a therapist, I like to think of our work together as a team. No issue or struggle is too small. I want you to be able to recognize and validate your experiences and feelings. We process, reflect, and brainstorm together to find the best possible outcome for you. My goal is to empower and encourage you to work toward your goals and trust yourself. I help you look at all the events in your life that add up to the unique person you have become. Every client is different, and we will identify your personal needs, wants, goals, and struggles, as well as how to start to overcome them.
(419) 910-2633 View (419) 910-2633

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Toledo, OH

300+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Toledo, OH who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
89% Depression
82% Self Esteem
76% Trauma and PTSD
74% Relationship Issues
73% Stress
72% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Medical Mutual
73% Aetna
70% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Toledo, OH see their clients

78% In Person and Online
22% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Toledo?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.