Therapists in Dallas, TX

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Photo of Victoria B. Coburn, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Victoria B. Coburn
Licensed Professional Counselor, (LPC), NCC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75231
Feelings that result from experiences in life are unique to each person, and they each deserve a partner to work through their difficulties. My specialization is in assisting individuals who are dealing with feelings resulting from loss or traumatic experiences, whether recently or long ago. It has been shown that trauma is commonly experienced by individuals who survive a loved one's death by suicide or other violence, the death of a child, or any unexpected death. Also, many suffer grief or internal conflict from other life experiences such as miscarriage, infertility, and other transitions in life (aging, retirement, divorce.)
Feelings that result from experiences in life are unique to each person, and they each deserve a partner to work through their difficulties. My specialization is in assisting individuals who are dealing with feelings resulting from loss or traumatic experiences, whether recently or long ago. It has been shown that trauma is commonly experienced by individuals who survive a loved one's death by suicide or other violence, the death of a child, or any unexpected death. Also, many suffer grief or internal conflict from other life experiences such as miscarriage, infertility, and other transitions in life (aging, retirement, divorce.)
(214) 646-1053 View (214) 646-1053
Photo of Rosana Rivera-Delgado, Pre-Licensed Professional in Dallas, TX
Rosana Rivera-Delgado
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75231
Sometimes we need someone to join us on the difficult journey of life. I believe everyone deserves an opportunity to explore and improve upon themselves. I encourage clients to bring their genuine self to therapy. Together we will work from a holistic framework to help you achieve better emotional and mental balance. I believe a strong therapeutic relationship is one founded on trust, safety, acceptance, understanding, and empathy; this alliance lays the groundwork for client growth. Every person is unique, and I approach therapy in a way that fosters that individuality. I am passionate about working with adolescents and adults.
Sometimes we need someone to join us on the difficult journey of life. I believe everyone deserves an opportunity to explore and improve upon themselves. I encourage clients to bring their genuine self to therapy. Together we will work from a holistic framework to help you achieve better emotional and mental balance. I believe a strong therapeutic relationship is one founded on trust, safety, acceptance, understanding, and empathy; this alliance lays the groundwork for client growth. Every person is unique, and I approach therapy in a way that fosters that individuality. I am passionate about working with adolescents and adults.
(469) 649-8512 View (469) 649-8512
Photo of Lauren Davis, Pre-Licensed Professional in Dallas, TX
Lauren Davis
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75204
Accepting new clients! I focus on helping adults and young adults cope with various life challenges. You are seen and heard, and together, we will work to empower you to live the life you want to live. As a counselor, I look forward to creating a collaborative partnership where I can help you navigate life’s challenges and discover your path to personal growth and fulfillment.
Accepting new clients! I focus on helping adults and young adults cope with various life challenges. You are seen and heard, and together, we will work to empower you to live the life you want to live. As a counselor, I look forward to creating a collaborative partnership where I can help you navigate life’s challenges and discover your path to personal growth and fulfillment.
(214) 367-6216 View (214) 367-6216
Photo of Elizabeth Dunlap, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dallas, TX
Elizabeth Dunlap
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75209
My goal is to help clients access a deeper level of healing and self actualization. It’s my belief that we all have the right to become the most genuine version of exactly who we were created to be.
My goal is to help clients access a deeper level of healing and self actualization. It’s my belief that we all have the right to become the most genuine version of exactly who we were created to be.
(706) 202-3116 View (706) 202-3116
Photo of Amanda J. Young, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dallas, TX
Amanda J. Young
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S, TYCM, CCTP, RYT 200
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75229  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Hello, I am Amanda, an compassionate LCSW-S (Licensed Clinical Social Worker - Supervisor) with a unique approach to holistic trauma therapy. Blending traditional talk therapy with innovative body-based healing modalities, I will guide individuals on a journey to integration and wholeness. As a seasoned therapist and Certified Clinical Trauma Professional, I specialize in trauma-informed care, offering a safe and supportive space for healing. With a 200-hour RYT certification and expertise in Trauma Conscious yoga, I seamlessly incorporate mindful movement to address the impact of trauma on the mind, body and soul.
Hello, I am Amanda, an compassionate LCSW-S (Licensed Clinical Social Worker - Supervisor) with a unique approach to holistic trauma therapy. Blending traditional talk therapy with innovative body-based healing modalities, I will guide individuals on a journey to integration and wholeness. As a seasoned therapist and Certified Clinical Trauma Professional, I specialize in trauma-informed care, offering a safe and supportive space for healing. With a 200-hour RYT certification and expertise in Trauma Conscious yoga, I seamlessly incorporate mindful movement to address the impact of trauma on the mind, body and soul.
(214) 225-4884 View (214) 225-4884
Photo of Holly Scott, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Holly Scott
Licensed Professional Counselor, MBA, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75201  (Online Only)
Counseling is a process that can help you identify more effective strategies to cope with difficult situations. While some people who seek counseling have chronic emotional difficulties, most are dealing with normal life events and are simply in need of an objective listener - someone who doesn't judge and who can help them see new alternatives. My goal is to provide an open, supportive, and confidential environment for you to address the issues that are concerning you. We will work together to set beneficial therapeutic goals with a realistic timetable to meet those goals.
Counseling is a process that can help you identify more effective strategies to cope with difficult situations. While some people who seek counseling have chronic emotional difficulties, most are dealing with normal life events and are simply in need of an objective listener - someone who doesn't judge and who can help them see new alternatives. My goal is to provide an open, supportive, and confidential environment for you to address the issues that are concerning you. We will work together to set beneficial therapeutic goals with a realistic timetable to meet those goals.
(214) 214-4321 View (214) 214-4321
Photo of Yanitza J Rice, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dallas, TX
Yanitza J Rice
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LSW, LCDC, EMDR
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75219  (Online Only)
Do you ever just sit back and think to yourself, I really wish I could talk to someone? Someone who I can share my feelings with that is neutral yet trusting and warm? If the answer is yes then you've found that person in me. Life can be challenging and it can leave you feeling like you are jumping through hoops just to get by; having someone to help you manage those situations makes it easier. I provide a safe environment where you can feel free to express yourself without judgment. We can work together to achieve your goals...therapy goals...for positive change.
Do you ever just sit back and think to yourself, I really wish I could talk to someone? Someone who I can share my feelings with that is neutral yet trusting and warm? If the answer is yes then you've found that person in me. Life can be challenging and it can leave you feeling like you are jumping through hoops just to get by; having someone to help you manage those situations makes it easier. I provide a safe environment where you can feel free to express yourself without judgment. We can work together to achieve your goals...therapy goals...for positive change.
(214) 380-2151 View (214) 380-2151
Photo of Jim Harris, Psychologist in Dallas, TX
Jim Harris
Psychologist, PsyD, PLLC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75231
I help people who experienced childhood neglect and/or abuse. I also conduct psychoanalytic psychotherapy, a type of depth psychology that can have the benefit of relieving long-standing suffering, providing personal growth, and enhancing the ability to succeed in work and relationships. I offer individual psychotherapy for adults and adolescents, as well as therapy for couples. Treatment areas include Complex PTSD, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, neuroses, and relationship issues. Please contact me to see how psychotherapy will work for you.
I help people who experienced childhood neglect and/or abuse. I also conduct psychoanalytic psychotherapy, a type of depth psychology that can have the benefit of relieving long-standing suffering, providing personal growth, and enhancing the ability to succeed in work and relationships. I offer individual psychotherapy for adults and adolescents, as well as therapy for couples. Treatment areas include Complex PTSD, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, neuroses, and relationship issues. Please contact me to see how psychotherapy will work for you.
(214) 306-8604 View (214) 306-8604
Photo of Kathryn Ronan Mcneer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Kathryn Ronan Mcneer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75205
*Update* Telehealth counseling available during COVID 19 closures. Im here to help! Kathryn is known for her sound, practical and action oriented advice. Kathryn's areas of focus include individual counseling and couples counseling. Kathryn's solution-focused, no- nonsense counseling works wonders for men and women in the midst of feeling, "stuck," or "unhappy." She has a knack for helping individuals and couples find their way through life's inevitable transitions. Kathryn believes her fresh perspective allows her clients find the better days that are ahead!
*Update* Telehealth counseling available during COVID 19 closures. Im here to help! Kathryn is known for her sound, practical and action oriented advice. Kathryn's areas of focus include individual counseling and couples counseling. Kathryn's solution-focused, no- nonsense counseling works wonders for men and women in the midst of feeling, "stuck," or "unhappy." She has a knack for helping individuals and couples find their way through life's inevitable transitions. Kathryn believes her fresh perspective allows her clients find the better days that are ahead!
(913) 278-0394 View (913) 278-0394
Photo of Delta Shuman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Delta Shuman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CPTT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75219
Within my work, I have adopted the therapeutic model of trauma recovery from Pia Mellody at The Meadows, as I witnessed firsthand how her Model of Developmental Immaturity has successfully and thoroughly addressed all forms of developmental trauma. I have been trained in Post Induction Therapy (PIT), a method to treat developmental immaturity through inner child and feeling reduction work. This method is used in workshops at The Meadows in Wickenburg, AZ, commonly known as the “Survivors Week.”. I have done specialized training with Dr. Ken Adams, focused on treating parent and adult child enmeshment issues.
Within my work, I have adopted the therapeutic model of trauma recovery from Pia Mellody at The Meadows, as I witnessed firsthand how her Model of Developmental Immaturity has successfully and thoroughly addressed all forms of developmental trauma. I have been trained in Post Induction Therapy (PIT), a method to treat developmental immaturity through inner child and feeling reduction work. This method is used in workshops at The Meadows in Wickenburg, AZ, commonly known as the “Survivors Week.”. I have done specialized training with Dr. Ken Adams, focused on treating parent and adult child enmeshment issues.
(469) 609-1083 View (469) 609-1083
Photo of Dawn Evertson, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Dallas, TX
Dawn Evertson
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MS, LPC-A
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75231
Coming to therapy is such a personal decision. My goal is to help my clients feel safe and secure enough in our therapeutic relationship to allow for open and honest communication throughout our time together. Building self-reliance is a goal for all and I will help my clients to work towards achieving this goal. Each person's needs are not the same, and I will work to find what your specific needs are to enable progress through each session.
Coming to therapy is such a personal decision. My goal is to help my clients feel safe and secure enough in our therapeutic relationship to allow for open and honest communication throughout our time together. Building self-reliance is a goal for all and I will help my clients to work towards achieving this goal. Each person's needs are not the same, and I will work to find what your specific needs are to enable progress through each session.
(469) 717-6265 View (469) 717-6265
Photo of Anne Redelfs in Dallas, TX
Anne Redelfs
MD
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75206
My ideal clients are those with a spiritual perspective who have done a lot of inner exploration and are ready to get to the bottom of their issues. They know they have an important God-given mission to fulfill and need help in fulfilling this mission. (We all do!) They want to be of service to humanity and all of life but feel some internal resistance, which is holding them back. They desire to mature to psychological adulthood and are willing to exert the time and effort to arrive at this worthy goal. Those with chronic illness who are eager to know what their souls are communicating through each symptom also make ideal clients.
My ideal clients are those with a spiritual perspective who have done a lot of inner exploration and are ready to get to the bottom of their issues. They know they have an important God-given mission to fulfill and need help in fulfilling this mission. (We all do!) They want to be of service to humanity and all of life but feel some internal resistance, which is holding them back. They desire to mature to psychological adulthood and are willing to exert the time and effort to arrive at this worthy goal. Those with chronic illness who are eager to know what their souls are communicating through each symptom also make ideal clients.
(903) 280-7067 View (903) 280-7067
Photo of Davetta Henderson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Davetta Henderson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75202  (Online Only)
Dr. Henderson, licensed as both a Mental Health therapist and a Professional Counselor, is dedicated to guiding individuals towards emotional well-being and personal growth. With over 20 years of experience, she supports individuals, couples, and families on their journey to mental health and healing. Dr. Henderson has worked in diverse settings, including private practice, community mental health centers, and educational institutions.
Dr. Henderson, licensed as both a Mental Health therapist and a Professional Counselor, is dedicated to guiding individuals towards emotional well-being and personal growth. With over 20 years of experience, she supports individuals, couples, and families on their journey to mental health and healing. Dr. Henderson has worked in diverse settings, including private practice, community mental health centers, and educational institutions.
(469) 256-4180 x1 View (469) 256-4180 x1
Photo of The Empowering Space, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Dallas, TX
The Empowering Space
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75219
Are you currently struggling to live your best life as your best you? Are you in need of a life reset? Does it appear to others that you have it all together but inside you are struggling with feeling inadequate and unworthy? Chances are you’ve tried to resolve these issues by yourself and you feel like it’s the end of the road. The time has come to change the narrative from hopeless to happiness, on your terms! I would love to help you explore the obstacles in your life, identify methods and behaviors to overcome them, and discover a path to your own place of hope, joy and peace.
Are you currently struggling to live your best life as your best you? Are you in need of a life reset? Does it appear to others that you have it all together but inside you are struggling with feeling inadequate and unworthy? Chances are you’ve tried to resolve these issues by yourself and you feel like it’s the end of the road. The time has come to change the narrative from hopeless to happiness, on your terms! I would love to help you explore the obstacles in your life, identify methods and behaviors to overcome them, and discover a path to your own place of hope, joy and peace.
(214) 251-4105 View (214) 251-4105
Photo of Christopher Washington, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Dallas, TX
Christopher Washington
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate , MS, LPC-A, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75243
Life can seem a series of barriers and obstacles that present difficulties in allowing us to be our full and authentic self. How we think and what we believe, whether true or not, often drive our perceptions towards actions. Gaps can exist in our own self-image and what we tell ourselves. Sometimes the gap is based on past experiences and labels others may have placed on us. I believe that bridging these gaps in understanding can be transformative and freeing. However, the steps to seek assistance in exploring how we are affected by these deeply held beliefs can be a tough one.
Life can seem a series of barriers and obstacles that present difficulties in allowing us to be our full and authentic self. How we think and what we believe, whether true or not, often drive our perceptions towards actions. Gaps can exist in our own self-image and what we tell ourselves. Sometimes the gap is based on past experiences and labels others may have placed on us. I believe that bridging these gaps in understanding can be transformative and freeing. However, the steps to seek assistance in exploring how we are affected by these deeply held beliefs can be a tough one.
(469) 289-1481 View (469) 289-1481
Photo of Dr. Jan Martin Dunn, Marriage & Family Therapist in Dallas, TX
Dr. Jan Martin Dunn
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75240
Is your life similar to any of these past clients I have had? 1) A woman being "beat down" at work by her superiors and the work environment has become impossible for her; 2) Couples where one of the spouses had a lengthy affair; 3) A married person who realizes that his/her parents will not accept the new spouse; 4) A messy step-parenting situation; 5) A woman wanting to reconcile with her father; 6) A couple where one of the parties became addicted to pain medication and was in a treatment center for several months; 7) A person who realized on the honeymoon that he/she had made a mistake. Now what should happen?
Is your life similar to any of these past clients I have had? 1) A woman being "beat down" at work by her superiors and the work environment has become impossible for her; 2) Couples where one of the spouses had a lengthy affair; 3) A married person who realizes that his/her parents will not accept the new spouse; 4) A messy step-parenting situation; 5) A woman wanting to reconcile with her father; 6) A couple where one of the parties became addicted to pain medication and was in a treatment center for several months; 7) A person who realized on the honeymoon that he/she had made a mistake. Now what should happen?
(214) 306-8525 View (214) 306-8525
Photo of Tara McKelvy Parker, Psychologist in Dallas, TX
Tara McKelvy Parker
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75243
Welcome! I am currently accepting new patients for therapy and testing. Testing can be a wonderful starting point for treatment, as it can help clarify diagnoses and pinpoint treatment goals for the purpose of psychotherapy. If you’re not quite sure where to start with treatment, testing may be a good option.
Welcome! I am currently accepting new patients for therapy and testing. Testing can be a wonderful starting point for treatment, as it can help clarify diagnoses and pinpoint treatment goals for the purpose of psychotherapy. If you’re not quite sure where to start with treatment, testing may be a good option.
(469) 557-8204 View (469) 557-8204
Photo of Courtney Riggs, Licensed Professional Counselor in Dallas, TX
Courtney Riggs
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75205  (Online Only)
We are all constantly growing, changing, and evolving. Navigating these transitions can bring about uncomfortable feelings or challenge us to learn something new about ourselves. Working through difficulties can bring hope, healing, and ultimately growth. I love to collaborate, helping you find your identity, strengths, your passion, and help to understand your value so that you reach your therapeutic goals. Whether you or your child needs support with anxiety, depression, trauma, parenting, grief, infertility, self-worth, postpartum adjustment, or other concerns, I would love to help.
We are all constantly growing, changing, and evolving. Navigating these transitions can bring about uncomfortable feelings or challenge us to learn something new about ourselves. Working through difficulties can bring hope, healing, and ultimately growth. I love to collaborate, helping you find your identity, strengths, your passion, and help to understand your value so that you reach your therapeutic goals. Whether you or your child needs support with anxiety, depression, trauma, parenting, grief, infertility, self-worth, postpartum adjustment, or other concerns, I would love to help.
(214) 225-3747 View (214) 225-3747
Photo of Gabriela G. Merida, Licensed Master Social Worker in Dallas, TX
Gabriela G. Merida
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75201  (Online Only)
Not only do I come into sessions with knowledge and education but I come in with personal experiences that make us more alike rather than different. My passion stems from childhood trauma and my goal is to help heal one person at a time from the darkness that continues to haunt them the way it used to haunt me. I am a believer in change and I am passionate about the work that I do.
Not only do I come into sessions with knowledge and education but I come in with personal experiences that make us more alike rather than different. My passion stems from childhood trauma and my goal is to help heal one person at a time from the darkness that continues to haunt them the way it used to haunt me. I am a believer in change and I am passionate about the work that I do.
(817) 623-5633 View (817) 623-5633
Photo of Janizelle Marichal, LPC Intern in Dallas, TX
Janizelle Marichal
LPC Intern, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75244
My name is Janizelle Marichal, but I like to go by Jen. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor - Associate under the supervision of Dr. Lisa Grubbs Ph.D., LPC-S, and an Elementary School Counselor in Dallas ISD.
My name is Janizelle Marichal, but I like to go by Jen. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor - Associate under the supervision of Dr. Lisa Grubbs Ph.D., LPC-S, and an Elementary School Counselor in Dallas ISD.
(469) 746-3240 View (469) 746-3240

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Dallas, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Dallas, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
75% Self Esteem
70% Relationship Issues
70% Coping Skills
67% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
76% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
73% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Dallas, TX see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Dallas?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.