Therapists in Charlottesville, VA

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Photo of Sarah Christine Teets, Pre-Licensed Professional in Charlottesville, VA
Sarah Christine Teets
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22903
I am a Masters student in Clinical Mental Health Counseling, currently serving as a student intern at Full Life. It is my joy to work with people to help them experience healing, empowerment, and safety. I believe that everyone has within them the capacity for growth and healing, but we sometimes need help tapping into that capacity. Using a compassionate, person-centered approach, I build affirming, collaborative relationships with my clients to support their growth, whether they are struggling with anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, life stage issues, spirituality, questions of identity, or other difficulties.
I am a Masters student in Clinical Mental Health Counseling, currently serving as a student intern at Full Life. It is my joy to work with people to help them experience healing, empowerment, and safety. I believe that everyone has within them the capacity for growth and healing, but we sometimes need help tapping into that capacity. Using a compassionate, person-centered approach, I build affirming, collaborative relationships with my clients to support their growth, whether they are struggling with anxiety, trauma, relationship issues, life stage issues, spirituality, questions of identity, or other difficulties.
(434) 602-8496 View (434) 602-8496
Photo of Jennifer Beard, Psychologist in Charlottesville, VA
Jennifer Beard
Psychologist, PhD, LCP
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22901
My speciality is in working with graduate and professional students seeking help managing anxiety. I am warm, curious, and down-to-earth.
My speciality is in working with graduate and professional students seeking help managing anxiety. I am warm, curious, and down-to-earth.
(434) 404-5575 View (434) 404-5575
Photo of Madeline Schultz, Resident in Counseling in Charlottesville, VA
Madeline Schultz
Resident in Counseling, MEd, NCC
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22903
Waitlist for new clients
Do you criticize yourself every time you look in the mirror? Rely on unhelpful coping skills, and perhaps feel stuck? As a therapist, I am here to help you develop insight into your behaviors and how they serve you. Together, we can work through “the whys” and help you shift the way you think and act. I strive to create a nonjudgmental, empathetic, and safe space for clients to explore their thoughts, behaviors, and emotions. I pull from person-centered and psychodynamic theories, CBT, and ACT in my work, but always work to collaborate with clients and tailor sessions toward your needs.
Do you criticize yourself every time you look in the mirror? Rely on unhelpful coping skills, and perhaps feel stuck? As a therapist, I am here to help you develop insight into your behaviors and how they serve you. Together, we can work through “the whys” and help you shift the way you think and act. I strive to create a nonjudgmental, empathetic, and safe space for clients to explore their thoughts, behaviors, and emotions. I pull from person-centered and psychodynamic theories, CBT, and ACT in my work, but always work to collaborate with clients and tailor sessions toward your needs.
(434) 264-5106 View (434) 264-5106
Photo of Katie Allen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Charlottesville, VA
Katie Allen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22901
I'll help you build trust in your ability to make the best choices for yourself. This means creating awareness of ways you can be more gentle and accepting of yourself as you are now, in addition to identifying areas that you are ready to change. I work with adults of all ages, and have a particular affinity for working with college-aged individuals and young professionals. I strive to meet people with where they are at by providing trauma-informed, culturally-humble support using evidenced-based modalities. This may include a mix of interpersonal, strengths-based, mindfulness, CBT and DBT techniques.
I'll help you build trust in your ability to make the best choices for yourself. This means creating awareness of ways you can be more gentle and accepting of yourself as you are now, in addition to identifying areas that you are ready to change. I work with adults of all ages, and have a particular affinity for working with college-aged individuals and young professionals. I strive to meet people with where they are at by providing trauma-informed, culturally-humble support using evidenced-based modalities. This may include a mix of interpersonal, strengths-based, mindfulness, CBT and DBT techniques.
(434) 205-6621 View (434) 205-6621
Photo of Cait Price, Licensed Professional Counselor in Charlottesville, VA
Cait Price
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22903
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! Beginning therapy is a courageous step in the healing process. I have seen firsthand the transformative results of psychotherapy. I practice counseling from a relational depth perspective. This means focusing on the relationship I build with clients as a cornerstone of treatment and working with the unconscious, which is the root of most distress. I help clients work through symptoms which are causing conflict in their lives, keeping them from achieving their goals, and preventing them from feeling a sense of overall well-being.
Welcome! Beginning therapy is a courageous step in the healing process. I have seen firsthand the transformative results of psychotherapy. I practice counseling from a relational depth perspective. This means focusing on the relationship I build with clients as a cornerstone of treatment and working with the unconscious, which is the root of most distress. I help clients work through symptoms which are causing conflict in their lives, keeping them from achieving their goals, and preventing them from feeling a sense of overall well-being.
(434) 448-9257 View (434) 448-9257
Photo of Megan Stocker Headley, Counselor in Charlottesville, VA
Megan Stocker Headley
Counselor, LMHC, LPC, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22902
Do you feel chronically disconnected or stuck in unhelpful patterns despite "knowing better"? This misalignment might be affecting your physical health, your relationships, your sense of self, and your visions for the future. While many of the strategies you relied upon in early life were both necessary and adaptive, they can also become what hold you back later in life. What if we explore some of your origin stories and update those defaults to better reflect who you are, instead of who you believed you had to be? What if we deepen your self-belonging, thereby strengthening your capacity to connect more effortlessly with others?
Do you feel chronically disconnected or stuck in unhelpful patterns despite "knowing better"? This misalignment might be affecting your physical health, your relationships, your sense of self, and your visions for the future. While many of the strategies you relied upon in early life were both necessary and adaptive, they can also become what hold you back later in life. What if we explore some of your origin stories and update those defaults to better reflect who you are, instead of who you believed you had to be? What if we deepen your self-belonging, thereby strengthening your capacity to connect more effortlessly with others?
(434) 732-2230 View (434) 732-2230
Photo of Morgan (Soper) Hickman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Charlottesville, VA
Morgan (Soper) Hickman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22902
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who specializes in adolescents (ages 16+) and adults who struggle with depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and difficulty coping with medical problems. As a therapist, I believe that everyone is capable of change and healing, regardless of your circumstances. I utilize a strengths-based and systems approach, with an emphasis on cognitive-behavioral and solutions-focused interventions. For clients struggling with OCD, my primary treatment approach is Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP).
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who specializes in adolescents (ages 16+) and adults who struggle with depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and difficulty coping with medical problems. As a therapist, I believe that everyone is capable of change and healing, regardless of your circumstances. I utilize a strengths-based and systems approach, with an emphasis on cognitive-behavioral and solutions-focused interventions. For clients struggling with OCD, my primary treatment approach is Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP).
(434) 204-2418 View (434) 204-2418
Photo of Angela Nemecek-Haag, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Charlottesville, VA
Angela Nemecek-Haag
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22902
Not accepting new clients
People who benefit from therapy with me have often felt misunderstood or even harmed by the mental health system. Whether because of sexuality, gender identity, spirituality, neurodivergence, or non-mainstream relationships, they have found therapy to be unwelcoming or unsafe. This means I try never to take your trust for granted. I engage as fully as possible with your values, needs, and preferences, and I adapt my approach based on your response and feedback. You're always steering the ship in your therapy—I am only a guide.
People who benefit from therapy with me have often felt misunderstood or even harmed by the mental health system. Whether because of sexuality, gender identity, spirituality, neurodivergence, or non-mainstream relationships, they have found therapy to be unwelcoming or unsafe. This means I try never to take your trust for granted. I engage as fully as possible with your values, needs, and preferences, and I adapt my approach based on your response and feedback. You're always steering the ship in your therapy—I am only a guide.
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Photo of Kathryn Nevin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Charlottesville, VA
Kathryn Nevin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22902
Hello, I'm Kathryn Nevin, LCSW, CCTP. It's wonderful to see you seeking support and making strides to connect here! I'm here to assist with various challenges like anxiety, depression, anger, grief and loss, self-harm, and personality disorders. My focus lies particularly in trauma therapy. In our first session, I'll tailor our approach to suit your needs and optimize outcomes.
Hello, I'm Kathryn Nevin, LCSW, CCTP. It's wonderful to see you seeking support and making strides to connect here! I'm here to assist with various challenges like anxiety, depression, anger, grief and loss, self-harm, and personality disorders. My focus lies particularly in trauma therapy. In our first session, I'll tailor our approach to suit your needs and optimize outcomes.
(434) 256-1958 View (434) 256-1958
Photo of Andrew C Elgort, Psychologist in Charlottesville, VA
Andrew C Elgort
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22901
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist specializing in working with children, adolescents, and their families. Using a Behavioral, Cognitive-Behavioral, and Solution-Focused approach, I believe that by providing a positive and supportive setting, young people are capable of changing those behaviors that are causing them and/or their family distress. Through discussion and play, young people and their families are able to learn new ways of understanding their problems and to practice new techniques to change their thoughts, behaviors, and beliefs to more positive and productive ones.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist specializing in working with children, adolescents, and their families. Using a Behavioral, Cognitive-Behavioral, and Solution-Focused approach, I believe that by providing a positive and supportive setting, young people are capable of changing those behaviors that are causing them and/or their family distress. Through discussion and play, young people and their families are able to learn new ways of understanding their problems and to practice new techniques to change their thoughts, behaviors, and beliefs to more positive and productive ones.
(434) 595-3187 View (434) 595-3187
Photo of Laura E. Wagner, Psychologist in Charlottesville, VA
Laura E. Wagner
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22903
I primarily provide Telehealth services and limited face to face. I am a Licensed Clinical psychologist who completed clinical training at Duke University, Harvard Medical School's Victims of Violence Program and at the University of Massachusetts and UNC-Chapel Hill. I provide highly specialized treatments for traumatic stress (posttraumatic stress disorders), grief/loss, major depression, anxiety and relationship issues. I am trained in highly specialized, evidenced-based therapies that have scientific research supporting their efficacy. I have also worked extensively with veterans, students and physicians coping with burnout.
I primarily provide Telehealth services and limited face to face. I am a Licensed Clinical psychologist who completed clinical training at Duke University, Harvard Medical School's Victims of Violence Program and at the University of Massachusetts and UNC-Chapel Hill. I provide highly specialized treatments for traumatic stress (posttraumatic stress disorders), grief/loss, major depression, anxiety and relationship issues. I am trained in highly specialized, evidenced-based therapies that have scientific research supporting their efficacy. I have also worked extensively with veterans, students and physicians coping with burnout.
(434) 278-6175 View (434) 278-6175
Photo of Michele Mitchell, Licensed Professional Counselor in Charlottesville, VA
Michele Mitchell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22901  (Online Only)
Michele is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional with over 10 years of experience supporting clients as they navigate all phases of life. She has experience working with diverse populations, including various cognitive levels and adult age groups, and she has both individual and group counseling experience. Michele completed her Bachelor of Arts (MA) in Psychology at Purchase College and her Master of Science (MS) in Mental Health Counseling at Long Island University.
Michele is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional with over 10 years of experience supporting clients as they navigate all phases of life. She has experience working with diverse populations, including various cognitive levels and adult age groups, and she has both individual and group counseling experience. Michele completed her Bachelor of Arts (MA) in Psychology at Purchase College and her Master of Science (MS) in Mental Health Counseling at Long Island University.
(434) 577-8426 View (434) 577-8426
Photo of Emily G Gary, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Charlottesville, VA
Emily G Gary
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22903
With increased awareness of our inner worlds, we will look at how thoughts and feelings influence how we live, the choices we make and the patterns that develop in our relationships. My work centers on assisting people to access and utilize their own innate wisdom and strength, to ultimately experience life with greater ease and more joy.
With increased awareness of our inner worlds, we will look at how thoughts and feelings influence how we live, the choices we make and the patterns that develop in our relationships. My work centers on assisting people to access and utilize their own innate wisdom and strength, to ultimately experience life with greater ease and more joy.
(540) 501-6278 View (540) 501-6278
Photo of Dr. Clarence Massie Jr, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Charlottesville, VA
Dr. Clarence Massie Jr
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, PhD, MS, ICADC, CADC-II, MAC
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22903  (Online Only)
Although my therapeutic approach is an eclectic style to counseling, I also care about my clients, and utilize in-depth listening skills to first identity the problem, and then help you understand how that problem personally affects you and the ones you love. Then together we can find solutions that work. In this region, I use video therapy, which has become a viable alternative to face-to-face therapy. It provides a secure and convenient method of processing your life in the privacy of your own home. This is a proven and successful option for many of my national clients.
Although my therapeutic approach is an eclectic style to counseling, I also care about my clients, and utilize in-depth listening skills to first identity the problem, and then help you understand how that problem personally affects you and the ones you love. Then together we can find solutions that work. In this region, I use video therapy, which has become a viable alternative to face-to-face therapy. It provides a secure and convenient method of processing your life in the privacy of your own home. This is a proven and successful option for many of my national clients.
(434) 204-8213 View (434) 204-8213
Photo of Nealy V Johnston, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Charlottesville, VA
Nealy V Johnston, PhD, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22903
Struggling with emotions, thoughts or relationships with self or others is difficult. Even when we try to ignore them; along with our childhood experiences or traumas, we suffer. Many of us can acknowledge difficulties in relationships and/or struggles with our own internal world but don’t know how to make the necessary changes needed to improve or change them.
Struggling with emotions, thoughts or relationships with self or others is difficult. Even when we try to ignore them; along with our childhood experiences or traumas, we suffer. Many of us can acknowledge difficulties in relationships and/or struggles with our own internal world but don’t know how to make the necessary changes needed to improve or change them.
(434) 478-4214 View (434) 478-4214
Photo of Ken Horne, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Charlottesville, VA
Ken Horne
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22903
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome - I am a licensed psychotherapist with nearly 20 years of clinical experience. I specialize in client-centered, insight-oriented talk therapy that incorporates mindfulness, somatic awareness, energy psychology, and practical tools for well-being and stress reduction. My integrative approach draws from multiple healing perspectives including Psychodynamic, Narrative, Cognitive-Behavioral, Acceptance & Commitment, and Emotionally-Focused Therapies. I often support clients experiencing anxiety, anger, depression, grief, stuckness, avoidance, self-judgment, poor sleep, relational stress, separation/divorce, and life transitions.
Welcome - I am a licensed psychotherapist with nearly 20 years of clinical experience. I specialize in client-centered, insight-oriented talk therapy that incorporates mindfulness, somatic awareness, energy psychology, and practical tools for well-being and stress reduction. My integrative approach draws from multiple healing perspectives including Psychodynamic, Narrative, Cognitive-Behavioral, Acceptance & Commitment, and Emotionally-Focused Therapies. I often support clients experiencing anxiety, anger, depression, grief, stuckness, avoidance, self-judgment, poor sleep, relational stress, separation/divorce, and life transitions.
(434) 981-5331 View (434) 981-5331
Photo of Emma Reilly, Licensed Professional Counselor in Charlottesville, VA
Emma Reilly
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22902
Waitlist for new clients
When even everyday tasks are overwhelming and healing from emotional trauma seems impossible, it can be hard to reach out for help. I would like to be a non-judgmental ally to you in this process. My approach to therapy is collaborative, innovative and adaptive. We will work together as a team to address the problems and issues that are important in helping you move forward, heal and improve your relationship with yourself and others. My goal is to empower you to meet life’s challenges, as well as to address past trauma and issues that can impact your life today.
When even everyday tasks are overwhelming and healing from emotional trauma seems impossible, it can be hard to reach out for help. I would like to be a non-judgmental ally to you in this process. My approach to therapy is collaborative, innovative and adaptive. We will work together as a team to address the problems and issues that are important in helping you move forward, heal and improve your relationship with yourself and others. My goal is to empower you to meet life’s challenges, as well as to address past trauma and issues that can impact your life today.
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Photo of Christine Hitchins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Charlottesville, VA
Christine Hitchins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22903  (Online Only)
The human experience is such a mix of struggle and ease, suffering and joy. And depending on what life brings, sometimes there is more struggle than ease! Yet I believe we all have deep capacities for healing and for returning to our own innate wisdom and wholeness. Having a therapist you trust can be one great way to support yourself on that journey.
The human experience is such a mix of struggle and ease, suffering and joy. And depending on what life brings, sometimes there is more struggle than ease! Yet I believe we all have deep capacities for healing and for returning to our own innate wisdom and wholeness. Having a therapist you trust can be one great way to support yourself on that journey.
(434) 226-7861 View (434) 226-7861
Photo of Joanna Magee, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Charlottesville, VA
Joanna Magee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22902
I provide therapy within a warm, supportive, and collaborative relationship. I work with adults and teens coping with anxiety, depression, trauma, complex family systems and stressors related to managing the many demands of our daily lives. I have expertise in working with parents and providing developmentally appropriate, attachment oriented, interventions to resolve child behaviors and challenging parent-child relationship dynamics.
I provide therapy within a warm, supportive, and collaborative relationship. I work with adults and teens coping with anxiety, depression, trauma, complex family systems and stressors related to managing the many demands of our daily lives. I have expertise in working with parents and providing developmentally appropriate, attachment oriented, interventions to resolve child behaviors and challenging parent-child relationship dynamics.
(434) 207-2177 View (434) 207-2177
Photo of Lila Heymann, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Charlottesville, VA
Lila Heymann
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22902
Hello! I'm Lila, a licensed clinical social worker with 23 years of experience across various settings. My focus is on assisting individuals who often feel overwhelmed by teaching distress tolerance techniques and stress management skills. Together, we'll collaborate on strategies to help you navigate your emotions effectively. Employing a holistic approach, we'll address the needs of your mind, body, and spirit. Additionally, I integrate mindfulness practices to foster a deeper connection with yourself. Whether you're grappling with challenging relationship dynamics or battling cycles of anxiety and depression, I'm here to help!
Hello! I'm Lila, a licensed clinical social worker with 23 years of experience across various settings. My focus is on assisting individuals who often feel overwhelmed by teaching distress tolerance techniques and stress management skills. Together, we'll collaborate on strategies to help you navigate your emotions effectively. Employing a holistic approach, we'll address the needs of your mind, body, and spirit. Additionally, I integrate mindfulness practices to foster a deeper connection with yourself. Whether you're grappling with challenging relationship dynamics or battling cycles of anxiety and depression, I'm here to help!
(434) 474-2591 View (434) 474-2591

See more therapy options for Charlottesville

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Charlottesville, VA

600+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Charlottesville, VA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
78% Self Esteem
74% Stress
73% Relationship Issues
73% Trauma and PTSD
71% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
79% BlueCross and BlueShield
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Charlottesville, VA see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Charlottesville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.