Therapists in Fredericksburg, VA

Photo of Lisa Ann Peralta, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fredericksburg, VA
Lisa Ann Peralta
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
Ann Elizabeth Peralta is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 25 years of experience in providing clinical assessment and therapeutic care to adults seeking help with a variety of issues. These issues include substance use disorders, stress, and anxiety, to name a few. Ann has experience working with the Hispanic population who are often struggling to learn how to understand and adapt to a culture vastly different from their own. She also has 12 years of experience teaching counseling theories and skills at her local community college.
Ann Elizabeth Peralta is a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 25 years of experience in providing clinical assessment and therapeutic care to adults seeking help with a variety of issues. These issues include substance use disorders, stress, and anxiety, to name a few. Ann has experience working with the Hispanic population who are often struggling to learn how to understand and adapt to a culture vastly different from their own. She also has 12 years of experience teaching counseling theories and skills at her local community college.
(540) 302-6808 View (540) 302-6808
Photo of Mary Wazeter Mannhardt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fredericksburg, VA
Mary Wazeter Mannhardt
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd
Verified Verified
Fredericksburg, VA 22407
I believe the problems that direct clients into counseling are emotional, physical, and spiritual. Therefore, the whole person must be addressed and treated as a unique and complex individual. As a Christian therapist, I help clients get to the root causes of their distress and assist them to find answers by using solution focused therapy. While some long-term therapy is a necessity I take pride in helping people set goals and objectives to find answers to their issues and struggles. Discover your hidden strengths and find an inner peace that brings stability amidst your storm.
I believe the problems that direct clients into counseling are emotional, physical, and spiritual. Therefore, the whole person must be addressed and treated as a unique and complex individual. As a Christian therapist, I help clients get to the root causes of their distress and assist them to find answers by using solution focused therapy. While some long-term therapy is a necessity I take pride in helping people set goals and objectives to find answers to their issues and struggles. Discover your hidden strengths and find an inner peace that brings stability amidst your storm.
(540) 726-5603 x2 View (540) 726-5603 x2
Photo of Brittani Sanders, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fredericksburg, VA
Brittani Sanders
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fredericksburg, VA 22408  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Hi! I am Brittani Sanders and I’m so excited you’ve decided to stop by! First and foremost, I want to applaud you for taking the first step toward your healing and restoration. It is God’s desire of us to be whole and live in the fullness of who we are created to be. Whether you are in an unhealthy behavioral cycle, random obstacles, or other various stressors, we can end up ready to throw in the proverbial towel on life. My passion is the mental and spiritual health of God's people. I firmly believe that our spiritual health is directly impacted by our emotional health and the way we lead and live our lives.
Hi! I am Brittani Sanders and I’m so excited you’ve decided to stop by! First and foremost, I want to applaud you for taking the first step toward your healing and restoration. It is God’s desire of us to be whole and live in the fullness of who we are created to be. Whether you are in an unhealthy behavioral cycle, random obstacles, or other various stressors, we can end up ready to throw in the proverbial towel on life. My passion is the mental and spiritual health of God's people. I firmly believe that our spiritual health is directly impacted by our emotional health and the way we lead and live our lives.
(540) 253-1698 View (540) 253-1698
Photo of Sherice Greene, Pre-Licensed Professional in Fredericksburg, VA
Sherice Greene
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, RIC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22407
Are you having a hard time enjoying life or find it overwhelming to take steps towards the life you want? Did you experience difficult events now or in the past? Whether yourself of a loved one has been struggling with something for some time, I am here to help.
Are you having a hard time enjoying life or find it overwhelming to take steps towards the life you want? Did you experience difficult events now or in the past? Whether yourself of a loved one has been struggling with something for some time, I am here to help.
(540) 516-5909 View (540) 516-5909
Photo of Intuitive Counseling & Hypnotherapy Svcs, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fredericksburg, VA
Intuitive Counseling & Hypnotherapy Svcs, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, LPC-S, NCC, NBCCH
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
Waitlist for new clients
I help heal trauma. Deeply-rooted trauma. Trauma that might have changed you in your core, or perhaps trauma that affects your performance as an artist or athlete. You might have had experiences with talk-therapy and still feel "stuck" and unable to move past from those life-changing. With Brainspotting or Hypnotherapy, I can help "purge" through a lot of these issues from the inside-out. I am a Marine Corps veteran and I am humbled that you took the time to read my profile, so let's see how I can be helpful.
I help heal trauma. Deeply-rooted trauma. Trauma that might have changed you in your core, or perhaps trauma that affects your performance as an artist or athlete. You might have had experiences with talk-therapy and still feel "stuck" and unable to move past from those life-changing. With Brainspotting or Hypnotherapy, I can help "purge" through a lot of these issues from the inside-out. I am a Marine Corps veteran and I am humbled that you took the time to read my profile, so let's see how I can be helpful.
(540) 235-5599 View (540) 235-5599
Photo of Brian Suchocki, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fredericksburg, VA
Brian Suchocki
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
We're here to help you reach your therapy goals at Lifebulb! We’ll connect you with the best possible therapist for your unique goals, someone who genuinely cares about helping you. We’re all about making therapy enjoyable for both therapists and clients. Whether you prefer in-person sessions at our locations or online through telehealth, we've got you covered. Our team consists of highly trained and licensed clinicians who are passionate about the therapy process. Let's work together to achieve your goals!
We're here to help you reach your therapy goals at Lifebulb! We’ll connect you with the best possible therapist for your unique goals, someone who genuinely cares about helping you. We’re all about making therapy enjoyable for both therapists and clients. Whether you prefer in-person sessions at our locations or online through telehealth, we've got you covered. Our team consists of highly trained and licensed clinicians who are passionate about the therapy process. Let's work together to achieve your goals!
(540) 401-5439 View (540) 401-5439
Photo of Flourish, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fredericksburg, VA
Flourish
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Fredericksburg, VA 22407  (Online Only)
I am a dedicated and compassionate counselor who specializes in working with women. I provide a safe and empowering space for women to explore their unique experiences, challenges, and strengths. With a deep understanding of the complex factors that shape women's lives, I am committed to helping them navigate through various life stages and foster personal growth.
I am a dedicated and compassionate counselor who specializes in working with women. I provide a safe and empowering space for women to explore their unique experiences, challenges, and strengths. With a deep understanding of the complex factors that shape women's lives, I am committed to helping them navigate through various life stages and foster personal growth.
(540) 572-7461 View (540) 572-7461
Photo of Courage Health & Wellness, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fredericksburg, VA
Courage Health & Wellness
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Fredericksburg, VA 22408
I help individuals and couples break unhealthy patterns and remove barriers to create the life they want. I provide you with tools of proven treatment strategies to create solutions that work for your life. The combination of my experience as a registered nurse and licensed therapist creates my person-centered and highly individualized approach. I am fortunate to be able to give couples effective tools to learn how to resolve issues and regain hope in their relationship. In addition to working with couples, I greatly enjoy working with teenagers and their parents as they navigate this challenging life phase.
I help individuals and couples break unhealthy patterns and remove barriers to create the life they want. I provide you with tools of proven treatment strategies to create solutions that work for your life. The combination of my experience as a registered nurse and licensed therapist creates my person-centered and highly individualized approach. I am fortunate to be able to give couples effective tools to learn how to resolve issues and regain hope in their relationship. In addition to working with couples, I greatly enjoy working with teenagers and their parents as they navigate this challenging life phase.
(540) 684-5319 View (540) 684-5319
Photo of Brandy Fallon, Resident in Counseling in Fredericksburg, VA
Brandy Fallon
Resident in Counseling, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22408
I work mainly with highly motivated people who are open to change and guidance to improve their communication, establish healthy boundaries and self-care, and I help them heal and move on from painful experiences so they can work towards a future they value. If you are interested in learning new skills, are action-oriented, and are willing to question and experiment with your current beliefs about yourself, give me a call and we can discuss your individual needs!
I work mainly with highly motivated people who are open to change and guidance to improve their communication, establish healthy boundaries and self-care, and I help them heal and move on from painful experiences so they can work towards a future they value. If you are interested in learning new skills, are action-oriented, and are willing to question and experiment with your current beliefs about yourself, give me a call and we can discuss your individual needs!
(540) 274-1346 View (540) 274-1346
Photo of Conscious Healing, Inc. , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fredericksburg, VA
Conscious Healing, Inc.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22405
Conscious Healing is a premier substance abuse treatment facility that helps individuals flourish using both traditional therapeutic treatment modalities and unique integrative modalities. We are licensed to provide IOP services through the state of Virginia and our IOP program is accredited through JCAHO. We are an approved provider through VASAP.
Conscious Healing is a premier substance abuse treatment facility that helps individuals flourish using both traditional therapeutic treatment modalities and unique integrative modalities. We are licensed to provide IOP services through the state of Virginia and our IOP program is accredited through JCAHO. We are an approved provider through VASAP.
(540) 306-4672 View (540) 306-4672
Photo of Lindsay J Czajka, Psychologist in Fredericksburg, VA
Lindsay J Czajka
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
Waitlist for new clients
I currently have a waiting list. I wish you well on your journey. My approach to psychotherapy involves "walking with" you on your journey. The journey would include developing increased self awareness and symptom reduction, which would allow for a fuller experience in one's life. One may also experience increased self empathy throughout the journey. I emphasize the importance of each person's unique early and current experiences. Many individuals I have worked with have concerns involving: trauma, attachment, relationships, identity, life transitions, mood, anxiety, dissociative, personality, & reality.
I currently have a waiting list. I wish you well on your journey. My approach to psychotherapy involves "walking with" you on your journey. The journey would include developing increased self awareness and symptom reduction, which would allow for a fuller experience in one's life. One may also experience increased self empathy throughout the journey. I emphasize the importance of each person's unique early and current experiences. Many individuals I have worked with have concerns involving: trauma, attachment, relationships, identity, life transitions, mood, anxiety, dissociative, personality, & reality.
(540) 277-9896 View (540) 277-9896
Photo of Kurt W Droste, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fredericksburg, VA
Kurt W Droste
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
I believe that the most important thing to begin with is listening, to truly begin striving to understand you and see how I can best be of help. I will strive to provide a safe, calm and accepting environment where we can explore those things that may be holding you back from being the person you want to be. I believe deeply that you are the ultimate expert on yourself and the focus of our therapeutic relationship will always be all about you and how we can begin moving towards “your best self.”
I believe that the most important thing to begin with is listening, to truly begin striving to understand you and see how I can best be of help. I will strive to provide a safe, calm and accepting environment where we can explore those things that may be holding you back from being the person you want to be. I believe deeply that you are the ultimate expert on yourself and the focus of our therapeutic relationship will always be all about you and how we can begin moving towards “your best self.”
(540) 779-1361 View (540) 779-1361
Photo of Jasmine Payne, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fredericksburg, VA
Jasmine Payne
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
Waitlist for new clients
Identifying that you need help is a sign of strength, but what happens next? Finding a counselor that you feel a connection with is an essential part of your mental health journey. Don’t feel bad about being picky! I have a straightforward but gentle style that focuses on what you want to accomplish. Whether you are working through relationship difficulties, high stress, or anxiety/depression/self-esteem issues I am prepared to work by your side. I use evidence-based techniques that compliment your unique needs.
Identifying that you need help is a sign of strength, but what happens next? Finding a counselor that you feel a connection with is an essential part of your mental health journey. Don’t feel bad about being picky! I have a straightforward but gentle style that focuses on what you want to accomplish. Whether you are working through relationship difficulties, high stress, or anxiety/depression/self-esteem issues I am prepared to work by your side. I use evidence-based techniques that compliment your unique needs.
(540) 845-6940 x1 View (540) 845-6940 x1
Photo of Arezoo Khanzadeh, Psychologist in Fredericksburg, VA
Arezoo Khanzadeh
Psychologist, PsyD, LCP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22407
I have worked in the Fredericksburg/Stafford community for the past 24 years. I am currently taking referrals for psychological testing, custody evaluations and parental capacity evaluations. For psychological evaluations, I test age 8+. We can do evaluations for school accommodations, autism testing (ages 8-22), ADD testing, Intellectual disability, and other mental health evaluations.
I have worked in the Fredericksburg/Stafford community for the past 24 years. I am currently taking referrals for psychological testing, custody evaluations and parental capacity evaluations. For psychological evaluations, I test age 8+. We can do evaluations for school accommodations, autism testing (ages 8-22), ADD testing, Intellectual disability, and other mental health evaluations.
(540) 736-4212 View (540) 736-4212
Photo of El Rophe Psychological Solutions, LLC, Psychologist in Fredericksburg, VA
El Rophe Psychological Solutions, LLC
Psychologist, PsyD, LCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
Doctor of psychology with expertise in psychological/neuropsychological/educational/forensic evaluations and psychotherapy. Diagnoses and treats various clinical/neuropsychological difficulties including brain-related injuries, anxiety, depression, PTSD, autism, intellectual disabilities/learning disorders, and emotional and behavioral difficulties. Works with immigrant populations, military/veterans and families, victims of trauma, abuse and domestic violence, as well as forensic (court-related) populations, among others. Works with all age groups. Bible-centered therapy can be also provided, if so desired.
Doctor of psychology with expertise in psychological/neuropsychological/educational/forensic evaluations and psychotherapy. Diagnoses and treats various clinical/neuropsychological difficulties including brain-related injuries, anxiety, depression, PTSD, autism, intellectual disabilities/learning disorders, and emotional and behavioral difficulties. Works with immigrant populations, military/veterans and families, victims of trauma, abuse and domestic violence, as well as forensic (court-related) populations, among others. Works with all age groups. Bible-centered therapy can be also provided, if so desired.
(703) 348-9174 View (703) 348-9174
Photo of Tiffany Jones, Counselor in Fredericksburg, VA
Tiffany Jones
Counselor, MS, CCTP, CGCS
Verified Verified
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
Tiffany Jones is a Licensed Professional Counselor whose clinical counseling experience is with mental health disorders, personality disorders, sex and relationship issues, and grief. Tiffany's primary focus and passion is providing therapy to the LGBTQIA community. Tiffany completed her Bachelor of Science (BS) in Elementary Education with a minor in Psychology at Thiel College, her associate's degree in Business Administration at Germanna Community College, and her Master of Science (MS) in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Capella University.
Tiffany Jones is a Licensed Professional Counselor whose clinical counseling experience is with mental health disorders, personality disorders, sex and relationship issues, and grief. Tiffany's primary focus and passion is providing therapy to the LGBTQIA community. Tiffany completed her Bachelor of Science (BS) in Elementary Education with a minor in Psychology at Thiel College, her associate's degree in Business Administration at Germanna Community College, and her Master of Science (MS) in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Capella University.
(540) 390-1805 View (540) 390-1805
Photo of Jeanie Melissa Melendez-Davidson, Psychologist in Fredericksburg, VA
Jeanie Melissa Melendez-Davidson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
TELEHEALTH AVAILABLE As individuals we face many situations in life that can affect us in different ways. There are times when these situations can become more difficult than others and can affect our relationships, our performance at work or school, or even in our daily activities. At this point we face a challenge to start a learning process, strengthen our coping skills and overcome these obstacles in life. Please know that you don’t have to go through this process alone. In therapy, we can work collaboratively to identify your challenges, define your goals more clearly and create a plan according to your own needs.
TELEHEALTH AVAILABLE As individuals we face many situations in life that can affect us in different ways. There are times when these situations can become more difficult than others and can affect our relationships, our performance at work or school, or even in our daily activities. At this point we face a challenge to start a learning process, strengthen our coping skills and overcome these obstacles in life. Please know that you don’t have to go through this process alone. In therapy, we can work collaboratively to identify your challenges, define your goals more clearly and create a plan according to your own needs.
(540) 296-2271 View (540) 296-2271
Photo of Sharon M Bixby, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fredericksburg, VA
Sharon M Bixby
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fredericksburg, VA 22405  (Online Only)
Sharon offers several years of experience, the fluid use of evidence-based practice, and compassionate care to help you find the skills, resources and support systems you need to thrive. Together we will assess your mental health concerns based both on your current struggles and historical information. Your concerns about your behaviors, emotions, personality and relationships will be treated and improved. Various therapies are used with a focus on attachment relationships. Focus areas include, mood disorders, anxiety, personality, trauma/PTSD and grief & loss. We will work in partnership based on trust, respect & non-judgment.
Sharon offers several years of experience, the fluid use of evidence-based practice, and compassionate care to help you find the skills, resources and support systems you need to thrive. Together we will assess your mental health concerns based both on your current struggles and historical information. Your concerns about your behaviors, emotions, personality and relationships will be treated and improved. Various therapies are used with a focus on attachment relationships. Focus areas include, mood disorders, anxiety, personality, trauma/PTSD and grief & loss. We will work in partnership based on trust, respect & non-judgment.
(540) 386-0554 View (540) 386-0554
Photo of Domoniquie Ginyard, Supervisee in Clinical Social Work in Fredericksburg, VA
Domoniquie Ginyard
Supervisee in Clinical Social Work, MSW, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22406  (Online Only)
Hello! I am Domoniquie. I understand that the therapeutic process is a powerful tool for clients to grow and develop into healthier individuals and/or couples. My clinical experience settings include private practice, mental/behavioral health, crisis stabilization, and social work services.
Hello! I am Domoniquie. I understand that the therapeutic process is a powerful tool for clients to grow and develop into healthier individuals and/or couples. My clinical experience settings include private practice, mental/behavioral health, crisis stabilization, and social work services.
(540) 306-5907 View (540) 306-5907
Photo of Daniel Nelson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Fredericksburg, VA
Daniel Nelson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22401
For the past 20 years, I have enjoyed working with adults and adolescents in the Spotsylvania and Fredericksburg communities. I am an EMDR therapist, specializing in treatment of trauma and PTSD but I also provide treatment of many common concerns including anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, relationship difficulties, and general life-stress. Please feel free to call me or send me a message if you have any questions about psychotherapy, or how I may be able to help you or your family member. Lilly a small therapy dog is present for most sessions.
For the past 20 years, I have enjoyed working with adults and adolescents in the Spotsylvania and Fredericksburg communities. I am an EMDR therapist, specializing in treatment of trauma and PTSD but I also provide treatment of many common concerns including anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, relationship difficulties, and general life-stress. Please feel free to call me or send me a message if you have any questions about psychotherapy, or how I may be able to help you or your family member. Lilly a small therapy dog is present for most sessions.
(540) 709-7012 View (540) 709-7012

See more therapy options for Fredericksburg

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Fredericksburg, VA

200+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Fredericksburg, VA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Self Esteem
74% Stress
72% Coping Skills
71% Relationship Issues
67% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% BlueCross and BlueShield
80% Anthem | Elevance
72% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Fredericksburg, VA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
13% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Fredericksburg?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.