Photo of Cassandra Hulihan McLaren, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Cassandra Hulihan McLaren
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301
Waitlist for new clients
Trauma, adjustment, grief, loss, depression, anxiety, and substance use concerns are some of my specialties.
I realize searching for a therapist can be a daunting process; whether you know the specific issue you want to work on or you’re simply unsure, but you just “know” (or have been told) you could use a skilled therapist. I bring to this work my experience, my knowledge, my empathy and humor. I will ask you to walk this journey with me as we explore the paths to growth.
Trauma, adjustment, grief, loss, depression, anxiety, and substance use concerns are some of my specialties.
I realize searching for a therapist can be a daunting process; whether you know the specific issue you want to work on or you’re simply unsure, but you just “know” (or have been told) you could use a skilled therapist. I bring to this work my experience, my knowledge, my empathy and humor. I will ask you to walk this journey with me as we explore the paths to growth.
(802) 466-5132 View (802) 466-5132
Photo of Ruth Kenrick, M.A., L.I.C.S.W., B.C.D., Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Ruth Kenrick, M.A., L.I.C.S.W., B.C.D.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LICSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals and couples grappling with grief, fear, depression, conflict, trauma, pregnancy loss & fertility issues, LGBTQ issues, addiction, and many other challenges.
An effective, compassionate therapist helps you connect to your own wisdom and harness the energy to thrive. Though life can be hard sometimes, extreme suffering need not persist. I will help you escape stuck patterns or traumas that stop you from enjoying life and doing what matters most to you. It's common to have to rediscover, or even learn for the first time, how to live well. During difficult times, we may just need a little assistance. I have twenty-five years of experience supporting clients as they eliminate obstacles, reach cherished goals & attain enduring satisfaction.
I work with individuals and couples grappling with grief, fear, depression, conflict, trauma, pregnancy loss & fertility issues, LGBTQ issues, addiction, and many other challenges.
An effective, compassionate therapist helps you connect to your own wisdom and harness the energy to thrive. Though life can be hard sometimes, extreme suffering need not persist. I will help you escape stuck patterns or traumas that stop you from enjoying life and doing what matters most to you. It's common to have to rediscover, or even learn for the first time, how to live well. During difficult times, we may just need a little assistance. I have twenty-five years of experience supporting clients as they eliminate obstacles, reach cherished goals & attain enduring satisfaction.
(802) 466-4198 View (802) 466-4198
Photo of Diane Leardi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Diane Leardi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301  (Online Only)
I am eclectic in my clinical philosophy and treatment approach, drawing from psychodynamic theories,transpersonal theories and energy psychology. My focus of interest and expertise is working with trauma, depression, anxiety, stress disorders, parent-child problems, relationship issues,family and divorce mediation, transpersonal and psycho-spiritual issues.
I am eclectic in my clinical philosophy and treatment approach, drawing from psychodynamic theories,transpersonal theories and energy psychology. My focus of interest and expertise is working with trauma, depression, anxiety, stress disorders, parent-child problems, relationship issues,family and divorce mediation, transpersonal and psycho-spiritual issues.
(802) 490-3101 View (802) 490-3101
Photo of Inner Bridges Counseling, Counselor in Brattleboro, VT
Inner Bridges Counseling
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brattleboro, VT 05301
Waitlist for new clients
I have a background in Transpersonal Psychology, this means moving through difficult life experiences and transforming these to inhabit your highest potential. I have experience working with Uniformed Service Personal, with anxiety, depression, and trauma using EMDR. I facilitate groups in meditation and breath-work to provide tools for anxiety and depression. If you are looking for help with traumatic memories triggering anxiety and depression; seeking greater motivation and self-discipline; seeking help to move through difficult life transitions, divorce, grief, and loss; or simply desiring deepened presence in the here and now.
I have a background in Transpersonal Psychology, this means moving through difficult life experiences and transforming these to inhabit your highest potential. I have experience working with Uniformed Service Personal, with anxiety, depression, and trauma using EMDR. I facilitate groups in meditation and breath-work to provide tools for anxiety and depression. If you are looking for help with traumatic memories triggering anxiety and depression; seeking greater motivation and self-discipline; seeking help to move through difficult life transitions, divorce, grief, and loss; or simply desiring deepened presence in the here and now.
(802) 689-1119 x1 View (802) 689-1119 x1
Photo of Joyce Sullivan, Psychologist in Brattleboro, VT
Joyce Sullivan
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301
I have been offering psychotherapy and substance abuse counseling to adults, couples and families for more than 30 years. With a combination of practical guidance, humor and respect, I work collaboratively with people to ease the stress and tensions that block them from living more fully. I have studied mindfulness and I have focused extensively on training in the Internal Family Systems (IFS) model and it is the primary model I use in working with individuals and couples. Areas of interest include relationship issues, anxiety and depression, and recovery from addiction.
I have been offering psychotherapy and substance abuse counseling to adults, couples and families for more than 30 years. With a combination of practical guidance, humor and respect, I work collaboratively with people to ease the stress and tensions that block them from living more fully. I have studied mindfulness and I have focused extensively on training in the Internal Family Systems (IFS) model and it is the primary model I use in working with individuals and couples. Areas of interest include relationship issues, anxiety and depression, and recovery from addiction.
(802) 328-9240 View (802) 328-9240
Photo of Sarah Lee Van Hoy, Counselor in Brattleboro, VT
Sarah Lee Van Hoy
Counselor, LMHC, LAC
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301
If you are here, you might be a creative person who feels stuck in your ability to move forward and actualize your full, unique potential. "Stuck" might take many forms –depression, chronic anxiety, trauma patterns, miscellaneous self-sabotage, or issues in relationships. Maybe you've been through (or are in the middle of) a challenging experience that you have yet to fully digest. Maybe your ways of being are at odds with "normal" systems and structures. Whatever it is, you want to make the shifts that let you bloom more fully in your life. I help you nourish your gifts and cultivate resilience in the face of life's challenges.
If you are here, you might be a creative person who feels stuck in your ability to move forward and actualize your full, unique potential. "Stuck" might take many forms –depression, chronic anxiety, trauma patterns, miscellaneous self-sabotage, or issues in relationships. Maybe you've been through (or are in the middle of) a challenging experience that you have yet to fully digest. Maybe your ways of being are at odds with "normal" systems and structures. Whatever it is, you want to make the shifts that let you bloom more fully in your life. I help you nourish your gifts and cultivate resilience in the face of life's challenges.
(802) 521-2579 View (802) 521-2579
Photo of Ken Susskind, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Ken Susskind, LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brattleboro, VT 05301  (Online Only)
My specialties include anxiety and depression arising out of relationship issues- whether they be family-of-origin, current nuclear family, or partner/spouse.
I have worked as a personal counselor since 1986 and as a licensed clinical social worker since 2004. I am a solution-focused therapist who listens deeply to my clients, then engages each in a true two-way conversation. Whether I'm seeing adults, older adolescents, or couples, I treat my clients respectfully. We focus on the issue at hand, work to understand the history and causes behind it, then together implement steps to bring change quickly. Most clients see me for six to eight weekly sessions, moving to less and less frequent sessions as their confidence and life satisfaction increases. I look forward to working with you.
My specialties include anxiety and depression arising out of relationship issues- whether they be family-of-origin, current nuclear family, or partner/spouse.
I have worked as a personal counselor since 1986 and as a licensed clinical social worker since 2004. I am a solution-focused therapist who listens deeply to my clients, then engages each in a true two-way conversation. Whether I'm seeing adults, older adolescents, or couples, I treat my clients respectfully. We focus on the issue at hand, work to understand the history and causes behind it, then together implement steps to bring change quickly. Most clients see me for six to eight weekly sessions, moving to less and less frequent sessions as their confidence and life satisfaction increases. I look forward to working with you.
(603) 333-1644 View (603) 333-1644
Photo of Heather Maples, Counselor in Brattleboro, VT
Heather Maples
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301
I have been working as a therapist for the past 10 years.  My goal is to work with people to help them process through their history including their hurts and their joyful moments, helping them to better understand the current circumstances present in their lives, and exploring goals for their future. I believe it is important to look at the whole person, including their underlying psychological processes, belief systems, relationships, values, and goals. I have watched people heal from past hurts and move forward engaging in the world with their whole selves. I work with trauma, depression, anxiety, bipolar, personality dx, etc.
I have been working as a therapist for the past 10 years.  My goal is to work with people to help them process through their history including their hurts and their joyful moments, helping them to better understand the current circumstances present in their lives, and exploring goals for their future. I believe it is important to look at the whole person, including their underlying psychological processes, belief systems, relationships, values, and goals. I have watched people heal from past hurts and move forward engaging in the world with their whole selves. I work with trauma, depression, anxiety, bipolar, personality dx, etc.
(413) 423-0714 View (413) 423-0714
Photo of Keri Kritchman, Counselor in Brattleboro, VT
Keri Kritchman
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301  (Online Only)
I am a Vermont-Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor with a private practice in Central VT. I have been in this field for over 25 years. I take a heart-centered approach to meeting others where they are. I believe in creating an authentic and therapeutic relationship with my clients. I specialize in treating individuals who struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, self-harm, and substance use.
I am a Vermont-Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor with a private practice in Central VT. I have been in this field for over 25 years. I take a heart-centered approach to meeting others where they are. I believe in creating an authentic and therapeutic relationship with my clients. I specialize in treating individuals who struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, self-harm, and substance use.
(802) 392-0942 View (802) 392-0942
Photo of Windham Wellness LLC, Counselor in Brattleboro, VT
Windham Wellness LLC
Counselor, LCMHC, ACS, NCC
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301
The breadth of my practice includes working with individuals, children and families experiencing depression, anxiety, complacency, difficulty with acceptance, and the overall improvement of ones’ self-esteem.
I firmly believe that all individuals truly strive towards becoming the best version of themselves. Some individuals need the support of others in the process of either defining or redefining themselves, their goals, and their life pathway.
The breadth of my practice includes working with individuals, children and families experiencing depression, anxiety, complacency, difficulty with acceptance, and the overall improvement of ones’ self-esteem.
I firmly believe that all individuals truly strive towards becoming the best version of themselves. Some individuals need the support of others in the process of either defining or redefining themselves, their goals, and their life pathway.
(802) 266-4983 View (802) 266-4983
Photo of Dianne Bravo, Marriage & Family Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Dianne Bravo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brattleboro, VT 05301  (Online Only)
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist licensed in Connecticut, Rhode Island, Vermont, Massachusetts and Florida. With a variety of body-centered approaches, I see my role as a guide who creates a safe space for clients to explore and work through old patterns. I hold a mind, body, and spirit integration with a systemic approach. In my practice, I see couples, families and individuals. I have experience working with, but not limited to, infidelity, lack of physical or emotional intimacy, separation or divorce, poor communication, parenting or co-parenting, abusive or other destructive relationships, trauma, anxiety and depression.
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist licensed in Connecticut, Rhode Island, Vermont, Massachusetts and Florida. With a variety of body-centered approaches, I see my role as a guide who creates a safe space for clients to explore and work through old patterns. I hold a mind, body, and spirit integration with a systemic approach. In my practice, I see couples, families and individuals. I have experience working with, but not limited to, infidelity, lack of physical or emotional intimacy, separation or divorce, poor communication, parenting or co-parenting, abusive or other destructive relationships, trauma, anxiety and depression.
(802) 245-3027 View (802) 245-3027
Photo of Wendy Lenk McClary, Marriage & Family Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Wendy Lenk McClary
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301
Waitlist for new clients
The quest to live authentically is challenging but ultimately transformative. With hard work and supportive professional guidance, clients have the opportunity to examine persistent, troubling patterns without judgment or shame, and in doing so create space for growth and possibility. I work with clients age 6 to end of life -- individuals, partners, and families -- to explore individual and relational challenges that may lead to feeling depressed, anxious, or "stuck." I offer support with life transitions, including separation and divorce. My work is LGBTQ+ affirmative, culturally sensitive, trauma-informed, confidential.
The quest to live authentically is challenging but ultimately transformative. With hard work and supportive professional guidance, clients have the opportunity to examine persistent, troubling patterns without judgment or shame, and in doing so create space for growth and possibility. I work with clients age 6 to end of life -- individuals, partners, and families -- to explore individual and relational challenges that may lead to feeling depressed, anxious, or "stuck." I offer support with life transitions, including separation and divorce. My work is LGBTQ+ affirmative, culturally sensitive, trauma-informed, confidential.
(802) 230-1139 View (802) 230-1139
Photo of Mark Joseph Kilgallon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Mark Joseph Kilgallon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301
I have have been a Clinical Social Worker for 23 years in addition to being a Drug and Alcohol Counselor for 6 years. I believe in harm reduction as well as 12 Step Programs. l have been working with at risk populations and oppositional teens for 35 years and have a broad spectrum of clients. I work with Depression, PTSD, Anxiety and Anger. I believe we all have a story to tell and I try to help my clients separate fact from fiction. My goal is to help clients feel authentic and live comfortably in their own skin.
I have have been a Clinical Social Worker for 23 years in addition to being a Drug and Alcohol Counselor for 6 years. I believe in harm reduction as well as 12 Step Programs. l have been working with at risk populations and oppositional teens for 35 years and have a broad spectrum of clients. I work with Depression, PTSD, Anxiety and Anger. I believe we all have a story to tell and I try to help my clients separate fact from fiction. My goal is to help clients feel authentic and live comfortably in their own skin.
(802) 465-3781 View (802) 465-3781
Photo of Sarah H. Winchester, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Sarah H. Winchester
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I work with adults and young adults ages 18 and over in individual psychotherapy to address a range of issues, including depression, anxiety, trauma, grief and loss, relationship problems, and all manner of life transitions.
Do you feel sad, anxious, tired, or angry more than you’d like to? Are you living with past trauma or pain that you can’t seem to move past? Do you struggle with relationships, self-esteem problems, shame, or destructive patterns? Growing your awareness of how your mind works and how the patterns in your life have developed can allow you to begin to break unhealthy cycles and become more in tune with your true, whole self. (NOTE: Please contact me through my website, sarahwinchestertherapy.com. Due to the high volume of inquiries I receive, if you do not hear back within 3 business days, this means my practice is full.)
I work with adults and young adults ages 18 and over in individual psychotherapy to address a range of issues, including depression, anxiety, trauma, grief and loss, relationship problems, and all manner of life transitions.
Do you feel sad, anxious, tired, or angry more than you’d like to? Are you living with past trauma or pain that you can’t seem to move past? Do you struggle with relationships, self-esteem problems, shame, or destructive patterns? Growing your awareness of how your mind works and how the patterns in your life have developed can allow you to begin to break unhealthy cycles and become more in tune with your true, whole self. (NOTE: Please contact me through my website, sarahwinchestertherapy.com. Due to the high volume of inquiries I receive, if you do not hear back within 3 business days, this means my practice is full.)
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Photo of Ted Walls, Counselor in Brattleboro, VT
Ted Walls
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brattleboro, VT 05301  (Online Only)
I have over twenty years experience helping clients who are dealing with a wide range of issues including: relationship problems, depression/anxiety, addictions, trauma, panic attacks, obsessive thoughts, compulsive behaviors, and mood instability.
My practice is dedicated to the idea that there is a warm compassionate presence alive in each of us that is capable of holding our most difficult experiences and healing our deepest wounds. My goal is to help clients begin to identify and change the habitual patterns of reactivity that may be clouding their lives and relationships, become more relaxed and mindful about their emotions and motivations, and find greater clarity in the actions they take. I strive to provide a warm and inviting environment that supports personal growth, self-acceptance, and healing.
I have over twenty years experience helping clients who are dealing with a wide range of issues including: relationship problems, depression/anxiety, addictions, trauma, panic attacks, obsessive thoughts, compulsive behaviors, and mood instability.
My practice is dedicated to the idea that there is a warm compassionate presence alive in each of us that is capable of holding our most difficult experiences and healing our deepest wounds. My goal is to help clients begin to identify and change the habitual patterns of reactivity that may be clouding their lives and relationships, become more relaxed and mindful about their emotions and motivations, and find greater clarity in the actions they take. I strive to provide a warm and inviting environment that supports personal growth, self-acceptance, and healing.
(802) 659-3798 View (802) 659-3798
Photo of Susan Kinnersley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Susan Kinnersley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301
I offer both traditional psychotherapy and EMDR to adults. We all know life can be challenging. Depression, anxiety, chronic pain and negative past experiences can all get in the way of being the person you want to be and having the relationships you want and deserve. For over 20 years I have enjoyed helping people attain their goals in therapy and enjoy more satisfying lives.
I offer both traditional psychotherapy and EMDR to adults. We all know life can be challenging. Depression, anxiety, chronic pain and negative past experiences can all get in the way of being the person you want to be and having the relationships you want and deserve. For over 20 years I have enjoyed helping people attain their goals in therapy and enjoy more satisfying lives.
(802) 277-7791 View (802) 277-7791
Photo of Gwen Boynton, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Gwen Boynton, LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301
Waitlist for new clients
In these uncertain times, it's crucial to get the right support for your specific needs. In my practice there is an emphasis on connection and trust. By connecting with yourself and others you are paving the way to healing in your life. I see clients who struggle with issues including anxiety, depression, difficulty coping with life changes, relationship stress and job stability. Whether it's to help clients improve their self esteem or move beyond a painful part of their past, I am committed to joining you in this important work.
In these uncertain times, it's crucial to get the right support for your specific needs. In my practice there is an emphasis on connection and trust. By connecting with yourself and others you are paving the way to healing in your life. I see clients who struggle with issues including anxiety, depression, difficulty coping with life changes, relationship stress and job stability. Whether it's to help clients improve their self esteem or move beyond a painful part of their past, I am committed to joining you in this important work.
(802) 317-8115 View (802) 317-8115
Photo of Rachel Hill, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Rachel Hill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brattleboro, VT 05301  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My specialties include, but are not limited to anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, relationship conflict, and short-term solution focused.
Email inquiries preferred. Seeking support is a courageous first step toward growth, healing, and self-improvement. I am passionate about helping people make positive changes within themselves and their lives. I meet clients where they are at in their journey. Together we will work to explore strengths, practice skills, and to help alleviate distress. I use a range of therapeutic interventions that include, but are not limited to, cognitive-behavioral therapy, person-centered, narrative therapy, and mindfulness based approaches.
My specialties include, but are not limited to anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, relationship conflict, and short-term solution focused.
Email inquiries preferred. Seeking support is a courageous first step toward growth, healing, and self-improvement. I am passionate about helping people make positive changes within themselves and their lives. I meet clients where they are at in their journey. Together we will work to explore strengths, practice skills, and to help alleviate distress. I use a range of therapeutic interventions that include, but are not limited to, cognitive-behavioral therapy, person-centered, narrative therapy, and mindfulness based approaches.
(802) 242-8461 View (802) 242-8461
Photo of Marilyn Marks, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Marilyn Marks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, unsure of your path or how to heal your pain? I create a safe, supportive space for you to set aside "the noise of the world", to have time just for you, where your fears, struggles, and stressors can be heard with understanding and compassion. If you are experiencing anxiety, depression, loss of identity, life transitions, chronic fear, PTSD or trauma, relationship conflict, grief or loss of a beloved, triggers as a Highly Sensitive Person, or spiritual questioning, it is possible to heal: to have inner calm, clarity, peacefulness, self-compassion, authenticity, and empowerment.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, unsure of your path or how to heal your pain? I create a safe, supportive space for you to set aside "the noise of the world", to have time just for you, where your fears, struggles, and stressors can be heard with understanding and compassion. If you are experiencing anxiety, depression, loss of identity, life transitions, chronic fear, PTSD or trauma, relationship conflict, grief or loss of a beloved, triggers as a Highly Sensitive Person, or spiritual questioning, it is possible to heal: to have inner calm, clarity, peacefulness, self-compassion, authenticity, and empowerment.
(413) 650-1371 View (413) 650-1371
Photo of Intensive Trauma Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Brattleboro, VT
Intensive Trauma Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Brattleboro, VT 05301  (Online Only)
Are you experiencing symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, or depression? Are you struggling to navigate unhealthy or abusive relationships? Or maybe it’s difficult for you to establish heathy boundaries and you notice the same problems keep coming up in many of your relationships. EMDR intensive therapy can help get to the root of these issues more quickly than traditional talk therapy. I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker who has been helping clients with these issues since completing my Master of Social Work in 2005.
Are you experiencing symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, or depression? Are you struggling to navigate unhealthy or abusive relationships? Or maybe it’s difficult for you to establish heathy boundaries and you notice the same problems keep coming up in many of your relationships. EMDR intensive therapy can help get to the root of these issues more quickly than traditional talk therapy. I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker who has been helping clients with these issues since completing my Master of Social Work in 2005.
(740) 679-6534 View (740) 679-6534

Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.