Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) Therapists in Deltona, FL

Photo of Glendoria Stephens, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Glendoria Stephens
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32725  (Online Only)
My approach is rooted in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, an evidence-based approach that focuses on helping clients understand how their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected, so that they can begin to make targeted change.
Are you feeling insecure, anxious, have a pattern of overthinking, or simply stressed, and unmotivated. I'm here to assist you in gaining clarity over your life I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialogue to meet your unique and specific needs by identifying your therapy goals and working towards healthy, productive, life -affirming solutions.
My approach is rooted in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, an evidence-based approach that focuses on helping clients understand how their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected, so that they can begin to make targeted change.
Are you feeling insecure, anxious, have a pattern of overthinking, or simply stressed, and unmotivated. I'm here to assist you in gaining clarity over your life I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialogue to meet your unique and specific needs by identifying your therapy goals and working towards healthy, productive, life -affirming solutions.
(386) 280-4795 View (386) 280-4795
Photo of Gloria Restrepo Beaux, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Gloria Restrepo Beaux
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32725
Formally trained in a number of different psychotherapies including: Advanced Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, an effective therapy for many issues; Level III Gottman Couples Therapy, Certified in EFT Tapping Hypnosis, NLP, Transgenerational Therapy, Systemic family therapy, and certified Biodecoding Coach.
Licensed by the state of Florida as a Clinical Psychotherapist with over 25 years experience in counseling I am skilled in working with couples, families and/or individuals. My specialties include working through and eliminating depression, anxiety, dysfunction, inner conflict, and much more. I have a calling to accompany you to heal the wounds of experience, to realize your full potential, and create a life in which you can feel empowered. I am constantly increasing my knowledge and experience in using a diverse collection of tools. I am trained in cutting edge therapies.
Formally trained in a number of different psychotherapies including: Advanced Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, an effective therapy for many issues; Level III Gottman Couples Therapy, Certified in EFT Tapping Hypnosis, NLP, Transgenerational Therapy, Systemic family therapy, and certified Biodecoding Coach.
Licensed by the state of Florida as a Clinical Psychotherapist with over 25 years experience in counseling I am skilled in working with couples, families and/or individuals. My specialties include working through and eliminating depression, anxiety, dysfunction, inner conflict, and much more. I have a calling to accompany you to heal the wounds of experience, to realize your full potential, and create a life in which you can feel empowered. I am constantly increasing my knowledge and experience in using a diverse collection of tools. I am trained in cutting edge therapies.
(407) 278-5354 View (407) 278-5354
Photo of Iisha Reyes, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Iisha Reyes
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I use various treatment modalities including, but not limited to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Client-Centered Therapy, Narrative Therapy, and Psychotherapy.
Are you having a difficult time navigating life's everyday challenges? Maybe struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma or relationship issues? I have learned that meeting clients where they are in life is the most helpful way to assist them in healing.
I use various treatment modalities including, but not limited to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Client-Centered Therapy, Narrative Therapy, and Psychotherapy.
Are you having a difficult time navigating life's everyday challenges? Maybe struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma or relationship issues? I have learned that meeting clients where they are in life is the most helpful way to assist them in healing.
(386) 210-3150 View (386) 210-3150
Photo of Eliana Gassette, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Eliana Gassette
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I love mixing cognitive behavior and conversation to get to the root of your struggles.
Do you feel pulled in a million directions, unable to fit it all in? Are you struggling with your relationships, work, and health? Is it hard to be kind to yourself? I am Eliana Gassette. I am an LMHC specializing in anxiety, ADHD, depression, and panic attacks.
I love mixing cognitive behavior and conversation to get to the root of your struggles.
Do you feel pulled in a million directions, unable to fit it all in? Are you struggling with your relationships, work, and health? Is it hard to be kind to yourself? I am Eliana Gassette. I am an LMHC specializing in anxiety, ADHD, depression, and panic attacks.
(561) 926-9917 View (561) 926-9917
Photo of Christina Gaudiana, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Christina Gaudiana
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I am licensed therapist in Florida with over 15 years of professional work experience in both inpatient and outpatient settings. I am EMDR trained and work with children, teens and adults. My therapy style and approach draw influence from Gestalt, Cognitive-Behavioral, Mindfulness and Reality based theories. My interventions include client-centered, motivational interviewing, thought restructuring, and mind/body connecting. I have extensive experience with Trauma, Addiction, Self Esteem/Confidence, Anxiety, Anger, ADD/ADHD, and Depression.
I am licensed therapist in Florida with over 15 years of professional work experience in both inpatient and outpatient settings. I am EMDR trained and work with children, teens and adults. My therapy style and approach draw influence from Gestalt, Cognitive-Behavioral, Mindfulness and Reality based theories. My interventions include client-centered, motivational interviewing, thought restructuring, and mind/body connecting. I have extensive experience with Trauma, Addiction, Self Esteem/Confidence, Anxiety, Anger, ADD/ADHD, and Depression.
(386) 766-7668 View (386) 766-7668
Photo of Gilarys G Garcia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Deltona, FL
Gilarys G Garcia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) and Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) techniques to help clients obtain their goals.
Hello, my name is Gilarys Garcia, and I am a bilingual therapist. I enjoy working with individuals and families that are going through adjustment, anxiety, depression and life stressors.
I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) and Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) techniques to help clients obtain their goals.
Hello, my name is Gilarys Garcia, and I am a bilingual therapist. I enjoy working with individuals and families that are going through adjustment, anxiety, depression and life stressors.
(386) 270-3960 View (386) 270-3960
Photo of Candice Bruce, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Deltona, FL
Candice Bruce
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32725
Hi, my name is Candice Bruce. I am a licensed therapist with over ten years of experience. I have helped my clients with anxiety, depression, trauma, burnout, life transitions, relationship issues, grief, etc. My approach to therapy is warm and supportive. I utilize a combination of Attachment-based, Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), Trauma Focused, and Person-Centered. I firmly believe that working toward your goals creates a positive change in your life.
Hi, my name is Candice Bruce. I am a licensed therapist with over ten years of experience. I have helped my clients with anxiety, depression, trauma, burnout, life transitions, relationship issues, grief, etc. My approach to therapy is warm and supportive. I utilize a combination of Attachment-based, Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), Trauma Focused, and Person-Centered. I firmly believe that working toward your goals creates a positive change in your life.
(386) 388-2870 View (386) 388-2870
Photo of Gabrielle Rabelo, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Gabrielle Rabelo
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
My primary theoretical orientations are cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT), Person- Centered Therapy (PCT), and Mindfulness.
Hi there, I'm Gabrielle and I'm so proud of you for being here! Does it feel like you've lost sight of your purpose? Is it hard to be kind to yourself? Are you struggling to keep up with your relationships, school, work, and health? I help individuals overcome emotional struggles, establish more effective coping skills, and empower them to live a more productive life with peace of mind. Together, we can identify what's not working and get you back to balance. I use a collaborative approach when providing therapy to effectively work with children, adolescents, and adults.
My primary theoretical orientations are cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT), Person- Centered Therapy (PCT), and Mindfulness.
Hi there, I'm Gabrielle and I'm so proud of you for being here! Does it feel like you've lost sight of your purpose? Is it hard to be kind to yourself? Are you struggling to keep up with your relationships, school, work, and health? I help individuals overcome emotional struggles, establish more effective coping skills, and empower them to live a more productive life with peace of mind. Together, we can identify what's not working and get you back to balance. I use a collaborative approach when providing therapy to effectively work with children, adolescents, and adults.
(386) 433-3141 View (386) 433-3141
Photo of Growing Center Counseling, LLC, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Growing Center Counseling, LLC
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
Stephanie utilizes Cognitive Behavior Therapy, strength based, person centered, solution focused, and an eclectic approach with her clients to meet each of her clients’ individual needs.
Stephanie Safos-Moriarty is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in the state of Florida with over 20 years combined experience as an educator and counselor. Stephanie is also a Licensed Professional Counselor for the state of Virginia and Professional Counselor for the state of Connecticut. Proudly serving residents of Florida, Connecticut, and Virginia.
Stephanie utilizes Cognitive Behavior Therapy, strength based, person centered, solution focused, and an eclectic approach with her clients to meet each of her clients’ individual needs.
Stephanie Safos-Moriarty is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in the state of Florida with over 20 years combined experience as an educator and counselor. Stephanie is also a Licensed Professional Counselor for the state of Virginia and Professional Counselor for the state of Connecticut. Proudly serving residents of Florida, Connecticut, and Virginia.
(727) 270-8162 View (727) 270-8162
Photo of Davisha Scudder, Psychologist in Deltona, FL
Davisha Scudder
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
My approach combines cognitive-behavioral, client-centered, systems and integrated theory.
I am a psychologist licensed in Florida and New York with over 8 years of experience working as a school psychologist, trauma-informed postdoctoral resident and a clinical psychologist. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, executive functioning deficits, relationship difficulties, school problems, parenting struggles and career challenges. I also helped many people who have experienced trauma and/or abuse.
My approach combines cognitive-behavioral, client-centered, systems and integrated theory.
I am a psychologist licensed in Florida and New York with over 8 years of experience working as a school psychologist, trauma-informed postdoctoral resident and a clinical psychologist. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, executive functioning deficits, relationship difficulties, school problems, parenting struggles and career challenges. I also helped many people who have experienced trauma and/or abuse.
(954) 379-2187 View (954) 379-2187
Photo of Brianna Williams, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Deltona, FL
Brianna Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I am a trauma-competent therapist that employs a range of Mindfulness, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), and Motivational Interviewing (MI) elements.
You are worthy of peace. You are worthy of being heard. You are worthy of healthy, nourishing relationships. You are more than your mistakes or challenges. Sometimes life circumstances and events can cloud the ability to believe this. Deciding to take a chance on therapy is a significant and, often, daunting step. But you are not alone! I am here to create a space where you feel safe and empowered to make positive change for a more fulfilling life. I would be honored to partner with you!
I am a trauma-competent therapist that employs a range of Mindfulness, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), and Motivational Interviewing (MI) elements.
You are worthy of peace. You are worthy of being heard. You are worthy of healthy, nourishing relationships. You are more than your mistakes or challenges. Sometimes life circumstances and events can cloud the ability to believe this. Deciding to take a chance on therapy is a significant and, often, daunting step. But you are not alone! I am here to create a space where you feel safe and empowered to make positive change for a more fulfilling life. I would be honored to partner with you!
(754) 714-3852 View (754) 714-3852
Photo of Erika Reid, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Deltona, FL
Erika Reid
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
Greetings, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 28 years of experience working in the mental health and medical social work field. I have worked with children, adults, families, geriatrics, and people from culturally diverse backgrounds. I have experience working with Autism, ADHD, and people with multiple medical disabilities. I utilize the following treatment approaches in therapy: Crisis Intervention, Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral, Cognitive Processing, Solution-Focused, and Bio-Psychosocial Medical models.
Greetings, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 28 years of experience working in the mental health and medical social work field. I have worked with children, adults, families, geriatrics, and people from culturally diverse backgrounds. I have experience working with Autism, ADHD, and people with multiple medical disabilities. I utilize the following treatment approaches in therapy: Crisis Intervention, Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral, Cognitive Processing, Solution-Focused, and Bio-Psychosocial Medical models.
(754) 254-1805 View (754) 254-1805
Photo of Irene Struif, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Irene Struif
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
The foundation of my approach is Mindfulness-Based Cognitive-Behavioral therapy with Somatic therapy (mind-body approach/techniques), but I also draw from EMDR, Laughter Therapy, Positive Psychology, Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, Transpersonal Psychology, and nutrition.
Hello! I’m Irene Struif, a licensed therapist. I've been helping people improve their lives since 2004. Here I work with adults via a few different schools of thought that have helped many others achieve the results they desired.
The foundation of my approach is Mindfulness-Based Cognitive-Behavioral therapy with Somatic therapy (mind-body approach/techniques), but I also draw from EMDR, Laughter Therapy, Positive Psychology, Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, Transpersonal Psychology, and nutrition.
Hello! I’m Irene Struif, a licensed therapist. I've been helping people improve their lives since 2004. Here I work with adults via a few different schools of thought that have helped many others achieve the results they desired.
(321) 459-6042 View (321) 459-6042
Photo of Karen Porta, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Karen Porta
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I have extensive experience in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution-Focused Therapy, and Client-Centered Therapy.
I work with individuals and couples who may have lost a sense of connection to their internal self and/or each other and help them develop healthier self-worth, better self-confidence, and enrich their connections with themselves and each other. I believe life can be hard, but solutions do not have to be. Sometimes we just need help navigating through difficult times. It is my passion to create a safe space and therapeutic alliance with clients as they work through issues and discover the best authentic version of themselves. Big changes always starts with small steps and I'm here to support you and help you get your life back.
I have extensive experience in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution-Focused Therapy, and Client-Centered Therapy.
I work with individuals and couples who may have lost a sense of connection to their internal self and/or each other and help them develop healthier self-worth, better self-confidence, and enrich their connections with themselves and each other. I believe life can be hard, but solutions do not have to be. Sometimes we just need help navigating through difficult times. It is my passion to create a safe space and therapeutic alliance with clients as they work through issues and discover the best authentic version of themselves. Big changes always starts with small steps and I'm here to support you and help you get your life back.
(321) 341-8544 View (321) 341-8544
Photo of Gabriella Zelaya, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Gabriella Zelaya
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I have experience in working with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, and stress management, utilizing evidence-based treatments such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
Hi! I am a licensed mental health counselor in Florida. I am passionate about helping individuals find their inner strength and resilience to overcome life's struggles. I have a Masters in Counseling Psychology and have worked with diverse populations ranging from children to adults in a variety of settings
I have experience in working with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, and stress management, utilizing evidence-based treatments such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
Hi! I am a licensed mental health counselor in Florida. I am passionate about helping individuals find their inner strength and resilience to overcome life's struggles. I have a Masters in Counseling Psychology and have worked with diverse populations ranging from children to adults in a variety of settings
(352) 614-4011 View (352) 614-4011
Photo of Cynthia Schwartz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Deltona, FL
Cynthia Schwartz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I help people during difficult periods of life whether it's caused by relationships with loved ones, illness, loss and grief, lifestyle changes caused by transitioning and being able to get to the reasons and ways to manage health issues and other issues that might affect your mental health well being. I utilize a cognitive behavioral approach along with eclectic techniques that would apply to each person in a unique way.
I help people during difficult periods of life whether it's caused by relationships with loved ones, illness, loss and grief, lifestyle changes caused by transitioning and being able to get to the reasons and ways to manage health issues and other issues that might affect your mental health well being. I utilize a cognitive behavioral approach along with eclectic techniques that would apply to each person in a unique way.
(754) 253-3926 View (754) 253-3926
Photo of Roselyn Young, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Roselyn Young
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
My approach combines evidence-based techniques such as CBT, DBT, and Solution-focused therapy, along with stress management strategies, to provide personalized support for every unique situation.
Feeling overwhelmed like you can’t handle another thing? Feeling like no one understands what you’re going through? Feeling alone in your struggle? What you’re experiencing may seem like forever, but it’s temporary. You have taken the first step into making that change that you have been nudging yourself to do. Welcome to R. Young at Heart Therapy, LLC, where we believe in 'Radiating at any age. I am dedicated to empowering individuals on their journey to emotional wellness.
My approach combines evidence-based techniques such as CBT, DBT, and Solution-focused therapy, along with stress management strategies, to provide personalized support for every unique situation.
Feeling overwhelmed like you can’t handle another thing? Feeling like no one understands what you’re going through? Feeling alone in your struggle? What you’re experiencing may seem like forever, but it’s temporary. You have taken the first step into making that change that you have been nudging yourself to do. Welcome to R. Young at Heart Therapy, LLC, where we believe in 'Radiating at any age. I am dedicated to empowering individuals on their journey to emotional wellness.
(386) 217-3272 View (386) 217-3272
Photo of James Brown, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Deltona, FL
James Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CSAC, SAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I want to thank you for taking the time to read about me. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and an US Army veteran. Thru telehealth clients have been able to obtain self-awareness, acceptance and change towards impairing life experiences. Patient centered care through 3rd wave therapy interventions such as mindfulness and cognitive behavioral approaches summarizes my practice style. Experience continues to show me that awareness is the doorway to change.
I want to thank you for taking the time to read about me. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and an US Army veteran. Thru telehealth clients have been able to obtain self-awareness, acceptance and change towards impairing life experiences. Patient centered care through 3rd wave therapy interventions such as mindfulness and cognitive behavioral approaches summarizes my practice style. Experience continues to show me that awareness is the doorway to change.
(813) 212-4073 View (813) 212-4073
Photo of Kristen Jalovecky, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Deltona, FL
Kristen Jalovecky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I am person-centered, and I integrate a variety of techniques such as insight-oriented, solution-focused, mindfulness, and cognitive-behavioral methods.
I am a licensed clinical social worker in the state of Florida. I have experience working directly with clients in many different settings including outpatient private practice, home-based psychotherapy, inpatient psychiatric hospital, and hospice/palliative care. Also, I was blessed with the opportunity to work with an equine-assisted psychotherapy organization called Traverse, inc. which is an amazing program helping children and families who have experienced trauma. Kindness and equality are at the core of my therapeutic approach.
I am person-centered, and I integrate a variety of techniques such as insight-oriented, solution-focused, mindfulness, and cognitive-behavioral methods.
I am a licensed clinical social worker in the state of Florida. I have experience working directly with clients in many different settings including outpatient private practice, home-based psychotherapy, inpatient psychiatric hospital, and hospice/palliative care. Also, I was blessed with the opportunity to work with an equine-assisted psychotherapy organization called Traverse, inc. which is an amazing program helping children and families who have experienced trauma. Kindness and equality are at the core of my therapeutic approach.
(321) 450-8072 View (321) 450-8072
Photo of Rose-Marie Whyte Williams, Counselor in Deltona, FL
Rose-Marie Whyte Williams
Counselor
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Deltona, FL 32738  (Online Only)
I use cognitive behavioral therapy to help address the thoughts that led to depression and increased persistent anxiety.
Hello, I'm Rose-Marie, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. Life can be stressful at times and it can be hard to cope with the everyday changes and curve balls thrown at you. Sometimes we don't think about the importance of our mental health. We struggle with adjusting to the changes life sends our way and may end up becoming anxious or depressed. In today's busy world we find ourselves playing multiple roles that require a lot of our time. We may even find it hard to communicate our feelings, emotions, wants and needs in our various relationships.
I use cognitive behavioral therapy to help address the thoughts that led to depression and increased persistent anxiety.
Hello, I'm Rose-Marie, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. Life can be stressful at times and it can be hard to cope with the everyday changes and curve balls thrown at you. Sometimes we don't think about the importance of our mental health. We struggle with adjusting to the changes life sends our way and may end up becoming anxious or depressed. In today's busy world we find ourselves playing multiple roles that require a lot of our time. We may even find it hard to communicate our feelings, emotions, wants and needs in our various relationships.
(352) 604-6834 View (352) 604-6834
Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) Therapists

How does cognitive behavioral therapy work?

Cognitive behavioral therapy works by exploring how your thoughts affect your emotions and experiences. CBT helps you identify distortions in your thinking. For example, you may tend to jump to the worst case scenario catastrophizing or think in extremes (all-or-nothing thinking). A therapist can teach you how to push back against those thoughts to ultimately change your feelings and behavior for the better. They can also provide coping skills to better deal with stressors and challenges.

When do I know to seek treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy?

It’s reasonable to consider cognitive behavioral therapy if you struggle to manage difficult emotions or behaviors to such an extent that you are not getting the most out of life on a day-to-day basis. If you want a shorter term, concrete, skills-based approach, CBT is a great option. (By contrast, other types of therapy may devote more time to exploring your past and its effects.) The decision to seek CBT also depends on the condition you’re treating; CBT is an effective treatment for anxiety, depression, trauma, and many other disorders.

How can I find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else?

To find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else, you may want to begin by discussing the person’s problem, researching cognitive behavioral therapy, and assessing whether the approach is the right fit. You could then reach out to a few cognitive behavioral therapists in this directory, explain the scenario, have a consultation with those available, and determine who could be a good match.

Why is CBT such a popular form of therapy?

CBT has become a popular form of therapy because it is effective and accessible. Robust research has demonstrated that CBT is an effective treatment for many mental health conditions. And CBT can be learned in relatively few sessions, which means that many people can engage in the process, afford it, and see results quickly. It involves learning concrete skills such as disputing unhelpful thoughts; these skills can also be taught and spread widely.