Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Detroit Lakes, MN

Photo of Shirley J Rader, Psychologist in Detroit Lakes, MN
Shirley J Rader
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Detroit Lakes, MN 56501
I have been in private practice for 23 years in Detroit Lakes, MN, and Fargo, ND. I have worked in the human service field for 35+ years, and I currently have my office ONLY in Detroit Lakes, MN. I specialize in stress/anxiety/depression related issues, incl. PTSD and sexual abuse. I also specialize in the integration of psychology and Christian spiritual values. I am licensed in MN. I accept most insurance plans. I enjoy working with people of different ages (age six and older), individuals, couples, families and groups, as well as public speaking, workshops, etc. NOTE: I no longer see clients in Fargo.
I have been in private practice for 23 years in Detroit Lakes, MN, and Fargo, ND. I have worked in the human service field for 35+ years, and I currently have my office ONLY in Detroit Lakes, MN. I specialize in stress/anxiety/depression related issues, incl. PTSD and sexual abuse. I also specialize in the integration of psychology and Christian spiritual values. I am licensed in MN. I accept most insurance plans. I enjoy working with people of different ages (age six and older), individuals, couples, families and groups, as well as public speaking, workshops, etc. NOTE: I no longer see clients in Fargo.
(218) 656-0905 View (218) 656-0905
Photo of Andrea Walker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Detroit Lakes, MN
Andrea Walker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, RPT-S
Verified Verified
Detroit Lakes, MN 56501  (Online Only)
I have extensive training in trauma therapy and have several options and techniques to help individuals work through their symptoms and help them move towards living a healthier and happier life.
Everyone is different and I have found over the years that people find many ways to cope. I work to help you cultivate those skills that are working and provide additional skills to help with healthy coping while providing opportunities to work through current and past life stressors in a non-biased or judgmental way. Focusing on these strategies consistently helps people start feeling better and less stressed. My goal is for you to find how therapy can help you feel better, with the added support and sense of not needing to do your journey all on your own.
I have extensive training in trauma therapy and have several options and techniques to help individuals work through their symptoms and help them move towards living a healthier and happier life.
Everyone is different and I have found over the years that people find many ways to cope. I work to help you cultivate those skills that are working and provide additional skills to help with healthy coping while providing opportunities to work through current and past life stressors in a non-biased or judgmental way. Focusing on these strategies consistently helps people start feeling better and less stressed. My goal is for you to find how therapy can help you feel better, with the added support and sense of not needing to do your journey all on your own.
(406) 720-8490 View (406) 720-8490
Photo of Dawn Lesley Groslie, Counselor in Detroit Lakes, MN
Dawn Lesley Groslie
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
Detroit Lakes, MN 56501
I understand how it can be difficult to reach out for help especially when you may be feeling sad, anxious, and overwhelmed. I understand that it is hard to trust someone and express your doubts and fears. Let me help you. I believe that life is too short to think of therapy as just hard work. Challenging? Yes. Laughter? Yes. Compassion? Yes. Therapy is about knowing that you want to reach the goal of feeling better about yourself, your relationships, your life.
I understand how it can be difficult to reach out for help especially when you may be feeling sad, anxious, and overwhelmed. I understand that it is hard to trust someone and express your doubts and fears. Let me help you. I believe that life is too short to think of therapy as just hard work. Challenging? Yes. Laughter? Yes. Compassion? Yes. Therapy is about knowing that you want to reach the goal of feeling better about yourself, your relationships, your life.
(701) 291-7946 View (701) 291-7946
Photo of Christianne Lysne, Psychologist in Detroit Lakes, MN
Christianne Lysne
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Detroit Lakes, MN 56502
Sometimes we all feel lost. And yet, we all have an internal guidance system that can help us understand what's important in our lives and how to make choices. My job as a therapist is to help you strengthen that connection between you and your inner knowing. My role is to help you explore and understand yourself better, gently challenge when needed and give you feedback that may help you to find your way. My hope is that after each session, you feel that your needs have have been addressed and that you leave with questions to explore or tools to try out. Change can be difficult and it is my hope that I may support you through it.
Sometimes we all feel lost. And yet, we all have an internal guidance system that can help us understand what's important in our lives and how to make choices. My job as a therapist is to help you strengthen that connection between you and your inner knowing. My role is to help you explore and understand yourself better, gently challenge when needed and give you feedback that may help you to find your way. My hope is that after each session, you feel that your needs have have been addressed and that you leave with questions to explore or tools to try out. Change can be difficult and it is my hope that I may support you through it.
(218) 215-4131 View (218) 215-4131
Photo of Natalie Reiter, Counselor in Detroit Lakes, MN
Natalie Reiter
Counselor, LPC, LPCC, CCS, DCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Detroit Lakes, MN 56501
Hi! My name is Natalie from Prairieland Counseling and my passion is partnering with others to help make positive changes in their lives. I specialize in anxiety, depression, pregnancy concerns, and life transitions. Together, we will work on identifying what needs to change and how we can make that happen. I have over a decade of experience working in mental health, including specialty training in reproductive medicine, perinatal mental health, career counseling, interpersonal therapy, and EMDR. I am an LGBTQ+ ally and I love the work I do. My services are provided in office or via web based services.
Hi! My name is Natalie from Prairieland Counseling and my passion is partnering with others to help make positive changes in their lives. I specialize in anxiety, depression, pregnancy concerns, and life transitions. Together, we will work on identifying what needs to change and how we can make that happen. I have over a decade of experience working in mental health, including specialty training in reproductive medicine, perinatal mental health, career counseling, interpersonal therapy, and EMDR. I am an LGBTQ+ ally and I love the work I do. My services are provided in office or via web based services.
(701) 401-2524 View (701) 401-2524
Photo of Debbie Svobodny, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Detroit Lakes, MN
Debbie Svobodny
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Detroit Lakes, MN 56502
Are you feeling quarantined by the very walls you build for protection? Has past hurt left you feeling inadequate, unworthy and wondering why you are crying for no reason? Have you recently been diagnosed with a chronic medical condition and are noticing that you're more worried, sad, increasingly negative and critical? You used to be joyful. Getting out of bed used to be easy. You were optimistic. Life wasn't a chore. However, now you dilute and downplay good news with doses of your versions of reality.
Are you feeling quarantined by the very walls you build for protection? Has past hurt left you feeling inadequate, unworthy and wondering why you are crying for no reason? Have you recently been diagnosed with a chronic medical condition and are noticing that you're more worried, sad, increasingly negative and critical? You used to be joyful. Getting out of bed used to be easy. You were optimistic. Life wasn't a chore. However, now you dilute and downplay good news with doses of your versions of reality.
(701) 253-1416 View (701) 253-1416

Online Therapists

Heather Frach
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LADC, LPCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Bemidji, MN 56601
Accelerated Resolution Therapy, often referred to as ART, is a form of psychotherapy with roots in existing evidence-based therapies but shown to achieve benefits much more rapidly (usually within 1-5 sessions). Clients with depression, anxiety, PTSD, substance use issues, history of abuse, grief, and many other mental health and/or emotional issues can experience significant benefits beginning in the first session. Accelerated Resolution Therapy is not hypnosis and is different from Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR).
Accelerated Resolution Therapy, often referred to as ART, is a form of psychotherapy with roots in existing evidence-based therapies but shown to achieve benefits much more rapidly (usually within 1-5 sessions). Clients with depression, anxiety, PTSD, substance use issues, history of abuse, grief, and many other mental health and/or emotional issues can experience significant benefits beginning in the first session. Accelerated Resolution Therapy is not hypnosis and is different from Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Therapy (EMDR).
(218) 210-8658 View (218) 210-8658
Photo of Shanti Behrens, Counselor in Detroit Lakes, MN
Shanti Behrens
Counselor, MEd, LPC, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Moorhead, MN 56560
Hello! My name is Shanti Behrens, M.ED, LPC, LPCC I identify as Desi (South Asian) and am a cis woman who uses she/her pronouns.  I offer counseling to individuals 18+. I see clients face to face and offer tele-health options as well. I am LGBTQA+ affirming and specialize in anxiety, depression, PTSD/trauma, identity development and relationship concerns. I also specialize in working with individuals who identify as BIPOC and adult adoptees. I use a variety of evidence based practices including EMDR, CBT, REBT, and Relational Cultural Theory.
Hello! My name is Shanti Behrens, M.ED, LPC, LPCC I identify as Desi (South Asian) and am a cis woman who uses she/her pronouns.  I offer counseling to individuals 18+. I see clients face to face and offer tele-health options as well. I am LGBTQA+ affirming and specialize in anxiety, depression, PTSD/trauma, identity development and relationship concerns. I also specialize in working with individuals who identify as BIPOC and adult adoptees. I use a variety of evidence based practices including EMDR, CBT, REBT, and Relational Cultural Theory.
(218) 438-4514 View (218) 438-4514
Photo of Greater Minnesota Community Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in Detroit Lakes, MN
Greater Minnesota Community Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPCC, LADC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Moorhead, MN 56560
I am a clinically certified trauma professional as well as an LPCC and an LADC. I am able to help clients recognize and develop coping skills to help them manage their mental health symptoms and their chemical dependency issues. I am able to help clients recognize where their possible trauma has settled within their body. I assist clients in developing awareness of their minds and body and become more mindful of their whole sense of self. No one wants to suffer and if they are, I am able to help them identify what is causing their suffering and work through it or provide them with the tools to do so once they are on their own.
I am a clinically certified trauma professional as well as an LPCC and an LADC. I am able to help clients recognize and develop coping skills to help them manage their mental health symptoms and their chemical dependency issues. I am able to help clients recognize where their possible trauma has settled within their body. I assist clients in developing awareness of their minds and body and become more mindful of their whole sense of self. No one wants to suffer and if they are, I am able to help them identify what is causing their suffering and work through it or provide them with the tools to do so once they are on their own.
(218) 331-6599 View (218) 331-6599
Photo of Katie Haberkorn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Detroit Lakes, MN
Katie Haberkorn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Baxter, MN 56425
With extensive experience working with patients, I have developed a deep passion for supporting individuals navigating trauma, anxiety, depression, and the unique complexities of foster care/adoption.
With extensive experience working with patients, I have developed a deep passion for supporting individuals navigating trauma, anxiety, depression, and the unique complexities of foster care/adoption.
(218) 220-4594 View (218) 220-4594
Photo of Sarah Connell, Licensed Professional Counselor in Detroit Lakes, MN
Sarah Connell
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
Moorhead, MN 56560
My experiences are broad, but I work with many individuals facing symptoms of anxiety, depression, PTSD and more.
Hi! My name is Sarah (she/her), and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor here in Moorhead Minnesota. I am so glad you found your way here on your journey to find a therapist that is right for you. Maybe life is just a little more difficult right now and you need some extra support. Maybe you've been dealing with a diagnosis most of your life, and finally want some answers, coping skills and ways to better manage your symptoms. Whatever it may be, I would love to hear from you and find out if we are a good match!
My experiences are broad, but I work with many individuals facing symptoms of anxiety, depression, PTSD and more.
Hi! My name is Sarah (she/her), and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor here in Moorhead Minnesota. I am so glad you found your way here on your journey to find a therapist that is right for you. Maybe life is just a little more difficult right now and you need some extra support. Maybe you've been dealing with a diagnosis most of your life, and finally want some answers, coping skills and ways to better manage your symptoms. Whatever it may be, I would love to hear from you and find out if we are a good match!
View
Photo of Colter Combellick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Detroit Lakes, MN
Colter Combellick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, CSW-PIP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Alexandria, MN 56308  (Online Only)
Hau Mitakuyepi, Cante Waste Nape Ciyuzapelo. (Hello my relative, I greet you with a warm heart and handshake). Colter Combellick, Mnicoujou - Lakota, and member of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, comes from the Tin Cup, Spotted Bear, and Yellow Hawk families. Colter (Colt) specializes in providing culturally responsive mental health care for Indigenous folks. Colt also works well with athletes, and individuals struggling with Anxiety, Depression, and Trauma. Colt believes each client is sacred and understands that it is imperative to personalize services for each individual to ensure their success.
Hau Mitakuyepi, Cante Waste Nape Ciyuzapelo. (Hello my relative, I greet you with a warm heart and handshake). Colter Combellick, Mnicoujou - Lakota, and member of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, comes from the Tin Cup, Spotted Bear, and Yellow Hawk families. Colter (Colt) specializes in providing culturally responsive mental health care for Indigenous folks. Colt also works well with athletes, and individuals struggling with Anxiety, Depression, and Trauma. Colt believes each client is sacred and understands that it is imperative to personalize services for each individual to ensure their success.
(507) 431-0559 View (507) 431-0559
Photo of Lorraine Sellner, Counselor in Detroit Lakes, MN
Lorraine Sellner
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Brainerd, MN 56401
Sometimes relationships and your mood can improve with small changes to your thoughts and behaviors. I have many years of experience working with depression, anxiety, addiction, relationship conflict and trauma. I believe in a holistic approach that includes the mind, body, spiritual and emotions.
Sometimes relationships and your mood can improve with small changes to your thoughts and behaviors. I have many years of experience working with depression, anxiety, addiction, relationship conflict and trauma. I believe in a holistic approach that includes the mind, body, spiritual and emotions.
(218) 644-7166 View (218) 644-7166
Photo of Claudia Petcu, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Detroit Lakes, MN
Claudia Petcu
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LPsy, LGSW
Verified Verified
Little Falls, MN 56345
Waitlist for new clients
You know by now that the process of transitioning through whatever situation you are dealing with in your life can be very difficult and painful. Partnering with a professional will help you get through the stormy waters, manage the difficulties and the pain, and access the resources you really need to get out of the storm. My areas of expertise are relationships, depression, loss of motivation, anxiety, stress, trauma, sexual abuse and sexual addiction and issues, domestic abuse, and fears of all kinds. I help people release their blockages so they can free themselves and continue to continue to live their lives to the fullest.
You know by now that the process of transitioning through whatever situation you are dealing with in your life can be very difficult and painful. Partnering with a professional will help you get through the stormy waters, manage the difficulties and the pain, and access the resources you really need to get out of the storm. My areas of expertise are relationships, depression, loss of motivation, anxiety, stress, trauma, sexual abuse and sexual addiction and issues, domestic abuse, and fears of all kinds. I help people release their blockages so they can free themselves and continue to continue to live their lives to the fullest.
(612) 712-5203 View (612) 712-5203
Photo of Amy Tichy, Pre-Licensed Professional in Detroit Lakes, MN
Amy Tichy
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, MA, LPC, LAPC, RDT/BCT
Verified Verified
Moorhead, MN 56560
Waitlist for new clients
In addition, I have worked with veterans, at-risk and homeless youth, adults transitioning from incarceration, adults with substance use, trauma and am also trained in EMDR.
My goal is to help others live a healthy, happy life. I believe we are all capable of development and growth, and sometimes we need a little help for that to happen. I work relationally and collaboratively with my clients to support changes they want to see in their lives. My hope as a counselor and drama therapist is to bring my knowledge together with you, the expert of your life, and creatively work together to help you achieve your goals. I have worked with various client populations, such as inpatient care with children, adolescents, and adults.
In addition, I have worked with veterans, at-risk and homeless youth, adults transitioning from incarceration, adults with substance use, trauma and am also trained in EMDR.
My goal is to help others live a healthy, happy life. I believe we are all capable of development and growth, and sometimes we need a little help for that to happen. I work relationally and collaboratively with my clients to support changes they want to see in their lives. My hope as a counselor and drama therapist is to bring my knowledge together with you, the expert of your life, and creatively work together to help you achieve your goals. I have worked with various client populations, such as inpatient care with children, adolescents, and adults.
(218) 400-3791 View (218) 400-3791
September Prushek
MS
Verified Verified
Baxter, MN 56425
She is trainied in Brainspotting (a form of trauma processing), AIR Network (parts work), trauma-informed yoga, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, somatic interventions, and mindfulness practices.
September is a compassionate and authentic clinician who approaches each session with a strengths-based and client-centered approach. She is often described as creating an open and warm atmosphere for clients to share their unique stories. But fear not! Expect delicate and challenging nudges toward personal awareness and growth intertwined throughout the therapeutic experience. September believes each individual has an inner wisdom and intuition creating space to tap into this knowledge of self, connection with others, and her clients' meaning within the world.
She is trainied in Brainspotting (a form of trauma processing), AIR Network (parts work), trauma-informed yoga, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, somatic interventions, and mindfulness practices.
September is a compassionate and authentic clinician who approaches each session with a strengths-based and client-centered approach. She is often described as creating an open and warm atmosphere for clients to share their unique stories. But fear not! Expect delicate and challenging nudges toward personal awareness and growth intertwined throughout the therapeutic experience. September believes each individual has an inner wisdom and intuition creating space to tap into this knowledge of self, connection with others, and her clients' meaning within the world.
(218) 300-2144 View (218) 300-2144
Photo of Wishing Well Therapy Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Detroit Lakes, MN
Wishing Well Therapy Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baxter, MN 56425
Dedicated to women's holistic well-being, I specialize in addressing the unique challenges faced by women aged 15 and up. Through a blend of compassion, understanding, and a touch of humor, I focus on the complexities of life through the female lens. I work to support clients in navigating different life stages, learn strategies to help improve relationships, process trauma, break unhealthy generational patterns, understand our own mental health and how it may change throughout the course of our lifetimes all while gaining healthy coping skills and working to find the true meaning of love for ourselves and others.
Dedicated to women's holistic well-being, I specialize in addressing the unique challenges faced by women aged 15 and up. Through a blend of compassion, understanding, and a touch of humor, I focus on the complexities of life through the female lens. I work to support clients in navigating different life stages, learn strategies to help improve relationships, process trauma, break unhealthy generational patterns, understand our own mental health and how it may change throughout the course of our lifetimes all while gaining healthy coping skills and working to find the true meaning of love for ourselves and others.
(218) 203-4048 View (218) 203-4048
Photo of Deann Reese, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Detroit Lakes, MN
Deann Reese
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, MN 56308
I am trained in CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy) as well as trauma therapies such as EMDR and ART (Accelerated Resolution Therapy) just to name a few.
We are taking new clients! Hi, my name is Deann, therapist and owner of Integrative Therapy Solutions. I have been practicing in the mental health field for over 30 years. I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker who serves children and adults. I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and a Certified Integrative Mental Health Professional. I am also a Certified Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional. I have roots in attachment and family system theories, and believe relationship is key; but I am also very solution focused in my practice. Kathleen Raml, MSW, LICSW, LADC is also taking new telehealth clients!
I am trained in CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy) as well as trauma therapies such as EMDR and ART (Accelerated Resolution Therapy) just to name a few.
We are taking new clients! Hi, my name is Deann, therapist and owner of Integrative Therapy Solutions. I have been practicing in the mental health field for over 30 years. I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker who serves children and adults. I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and a Certified Integrative Mental Health Professional. I am also a Certified Clinical Anxiety Treatment Professional. I have roots in attachment and family system theories, and believe relationship is key; but I am also very solution focused in my practice. Kathleen Raml, MSW, LICSW, LADC is also taking new telehealth clients!
(320) 344-3631 View (320) 344-3631
Photo of Nicole Otis, Marriage & Family Therapist in Detroit Lakes, MN
Nicole Otis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CSAT
Verified Verified
Bemidji, MN 56601
Are you struggling with sexual compulsivity, unwanted sexual behaviors or betrayal trauma? If you or your partner are struggling with these specific issues, let me guide you and your relationship towards healing and freedom. 
I am a trained (CSAT) Certified Sex Addiction Therapist and certified Brainspotting therapist. I am passionate about helping individuals and couples affected by sex and porn compulsivity, and betrayal trauma, including sexting, prostitution, emotional affairs, and physical affairs, as well as anxiety, depression, grief and loss, and life transitions.
Are you struggling with sexual compulsivity, unwanted sexual behaviors or betrayal trauma? If you or your partner are struggling with these specific issues, let me guide you and your relationship towards healing and freedom. 
I am a trained (CSAT) Certified Sex Addiction Therapist and certified Brainspotting therapist. I am passionate about helping individuals and couples affected by sex and porn compulsivity, and betrayal trauma, including sexting, prostitution, emotional affairs, and physical affairs, as well as anxiety, depression, grief and loss, and life transitions.
(320) 266-1693 View (320) 266-1693
Photo of Claribel Torres Severson, Counselor in Detroit Lakes, MN
Claribel Torres Severson
Counselor, PhD, NCC, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brainerd, MN 56401
Waitlist for new clients
I focus on anxiety, depression, assertiveness, boundaries, NT/AS relationships or marital problems. Single incident trauma treated with EMDR. OCD treatment utilizing ERP and CBT. Se Habla Español. I am a native Spanish speaker able to translate and provide therapy in Spanish, as well as address acculturation difficulties for various ethnic groups. I am also a US Army veteran and personally understand many of the issues surrounding military life and culture.
I focus on anxiety, depression, assertiveness, boundaries, NT/AS relationships or marital problems. Single incident trauma treated with EMDR. OCD treatment utilizing ERP and CBT. Se Habla Español. I am a native Spanish speaker able to translate and provide therapy in Spanish, as well as address acculturation difficulties for various ethnic groups. I am also a US Army veteran and personally understand many of the issues surrounding military life and culture.
(218) 427-6066 View (218) 427-6066

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Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.