Photo of Dr. Debra Doubrava - Emdr Trauma And Play Focused, Licensed Professional Counselor in York, PA
Dr. Debra Doubrava - Emdr Trauma And Play Focused
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, RPT-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
York, PA 17403  (Online Only)
Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle.- John Watson...I am humbled & honored to have over 30 years experience working with clients of all ages & stages to lead more authentic, joyful, & peace-filled lives. I am an integrative, attachment focused & trauma-informed play therapist - inspired by theories grounded in client-centered, family systems, humanistic, Imago, mindfulness, & parts work. I enjoy working with a wide range of issues & diverse backgrounds in the human experience including LGBTQIA2S+. We all need to be truly seen and heard AND it is courageous and wise to seek help as we journey through life & love!
Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle.- John Watson...I am humbled & honored to have over 30 years experience working with clients of all ages & stages to lead more authentic, joyful, & peace-filled lives. I am an integrative, attachment focused & trauma-informed play therapist - inspired by theories grounded in client-centered, family systems, humanistic, Imago, mindfulness, & parts work. I enjoy working with a wide range of issues & diverse backgrounds in the human experience including LGBTQIA2S+. We all need to be truly seen and heard AND it is courageous and wise to seek help as we journey through life & love!
(717) 301-4263 View (717) 301-4263
Photo of Kimberly McGhee EMDR - Trauma - Art Therapist, Licensed Professional Counselor in York, PA
Kimberly McGhee EMDR - Trauma - Art Therapist
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, ATR-BC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
York, PA 17403
Are you feeling trapped or is your past casting a shadow over your present happiness? Does fear, anxiety, or past traumas hinder your ability to embrace joy and achieve the success you crave? As a clinically trained EMDR therapist, board-certified and registered art therapist, and licensed professional counselor in York, PA, I'm dedicated to supporting individuals just like you. Utilizing diverse trauma processing techniques, mindfulness practices, avenues for creative expression, and non-verbal/bottom-up approaches, I empower my clients to recognize their strengths, alleviate PTSD symptoms, gain insight, and improve self-esteem.
Are you feeling trapped or is your past casting a shadow over your present happiness? Does fear, anxiety, or past traumas hinder your ability to embrace joy and achieve the success you crave? As a clinically trained EMDR therapist, board-certified and registered art therapist, and licensed professional counselor in York, PA, I'm dedicated to supporting individuals just like you. Utilizing diverse trauma processing techniques, mindfulness practices, avenues for creative expression, and non-verbal/bottom-up approaches, I empower my clients to recognize their strengths, alleviate PTSD symptoms, gain insight, and improve self-esteem.
(717) 990-7741 View (717) 990-7741
Photo of Dan Blumenthal, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in York, PA
Dan Blumenthal
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
York, PA 17402  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I utilize an integrative, trauma informed, and neurodiversity affirming approach to help my clients tell their stories, assisting them to identify and address difficulties that have been preventing them from living fuller and more meaningful lives.
I am a strong believer that you must treat the individual sitting across from you. This inspires my value of collaboration with clients to create a therapeutic environment that is tailored to their unique needs. I believe that healing needs to occur in a space which is nonjudgmental and supportive while providing warmth and hope, allowing clients to grow and thrive.
I utilize an integrative, trauma informed, and neurodiversity affirming approach to help my clients tell their stories, assisting them to identify and address difficulties that have been preventing them from living fuller and more meaningful lives.
I am a strong believer that you must treat the individual sitting across from you. This inspires my value of collaboration with clients to create a therapeutic environment that is tailored to their unique needs. I believe that healing needs to occur in a space which is nonjudgmental and supportive while providing warmth and hope, allowing clients to grow and thrive.
(410) 709-3569 View (410) 709-3569
Photo of Kathryn R, Maz, PsyD., Psychologist in York, PA
Kathryn R, Maz, PsyD.
Psychologist, PsyD, CSAT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
York, PA 17406
I am EMDR trained through the EMDRA approved EMDR Basic Training Program, a Certified Sex Addiction Therapist (CSAT) and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional.
For over 30 years I have been honored with the experience of helping individuals being held back by addictions, anxiety, depression, or relationship difficulties. I seek to provide a judgement free, in-depth understanding of my clients' journeys provide tools for increasing self esteem, understanding and effectively experiencing emotions, and challenging difficult behavioral patterns. I assist couples in reconciling the hurts of the past and moving towards shared unity and deeper intimacy. Some of the areas I specifically specialize in include: substance abuse, sexual addictions, anger management, self injury and LGBTQIA issues.
I am EMDR trained through the EMDRA approved EMDR Basic Training Program, a Certified Sex Addiction Therapist (CSAT) and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional.
For over 30 years I have been honored with the experience of helping individuals being held back by addictions, anxiety, depression, or relationship difficulties. I seek to provide a judgement free, in-depth understanding of my clients' journeys provide tools for increasing self esteem, understanding and effectively experiencing emotions, and challenging difficult behavioral patterns. I assist couples in reconciling the hurts of the past and moving towards shared unity and deeper intimacy. Some of the areas I specifically specialize in include: substance abuse, sexual addictions, anger management, self injury and LGBTQIA issues.
(717) 208-8197 View (717) 208-8197
Photo of Hannah Avers, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in York, PA
Hannah Avers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
York, PA 17401
Much of my continuing education has focused around treating trauma, somatic therapy, DBT, CBT, mindfulness approaches, internal family systems (IFS), as well as EFT tapping.
I believe that healing and change are possible and my goal is to provide a warm and safe therapeutic environment to help assist you on your journey. I utilize a strengths-based and holistic approach in my work and believe that therapy should be a collaborative process where we are working together to find solutions to the struggles you are facing. I enjoy seeing diverse populations and have worked extensively with women, young adults, teenagers, and survivors of trauma and domestic violence.
Much of my continuing education has focused around treating trauma, somatic therapy, DBT, CBT, mindfulness approaches, internal family systems (IFS), as well as EFT tapping.
I believe that healing and change are possible and my goal is to provide a warm and safe therapeutic environment to help assist you on your journey. I utilize a strengths-based and holistic approach in my work and believe that therapy should be a collaborative process where we are working together to find solutions to the struggles you are facing. I enjoy seeing diverse populations and have worked extensively with women, young adults, teenagers, and survivors of trauma and domestic violence.
(717) 308-5263 View (717) 308-5263
Photo of Matthew Berliant, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in York, PA
Matthew Berliant
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
York, PA 17408  (Online Only)
I hold a License in Clinical Social Work and am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional.
Attention: I have immediate openings for new clients available to meet during normal business hours (8am - 5pm). Because you deserve more - more happiness, more confidence, more pleasure in your life! And I believe I can help you get there. I am currently offering video sessions throughout the state of Pennsylvania, and a sliding scale based on financial need. Please email me if you require sliding scale and we can decide together how to fit therapy into your budget.
I hold a License in Clinical Social Work and am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional.
Attention: I have immediate openings for new clients available to meet during normal business hours (8am - 5pm). Because you deserve more - more happiness, more confidence, more pleasure in your life! And I believe I can help you get there. I am currently offering video sessions throughout the state of Pennsylvania, and a sliding scale based on financial need. Please email me if you require sliding scale and we can decide together how to fit therapy into your budget.
(717) 229-0479 View (717) 229-0479
Photo of Laura Bauder, Licensed Professional Counselor in York, PA
Laura Bauder
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CAADC, ATR-BC, CCTP, EMDR-PT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
York, PA 17315  (Online Only)
Laura specializes in trauma, anxiety, and addictions.
Overcome trauma through EMDR and/or art therapy/talk therapy.
Laura specializes in trauma, anxiety, and addictions.
Overcome trauma through EMDR and/or art therapy/talk therapy.
(484) 991-4528 View (484) 991-4528
Photo of Debra Stambaugh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in York, PA
Debra Stambaugh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LCSW, CT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
York, PA 17408
Waitlist for new clients
My experience includes working with grief, loss, anticipatory grief and trauma. Anxiety, panic and mood disorders. Lifestyle concerns and modifications including chronic illness, pain and co-occurring (mental health and substance abuse) disorders. I am certified in thanatology (death, dying & bereavement) from the Association of Death Education and Counseling (ADEC). I am certified in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing) from EMDRA.
My experience includes working with grief, loss, anticipatory grief and trauma. Anxiety, panic and mood disorders. Lifestyle concerns and modifications including chronic illness, pain and co-occurring (mental health and substance abuse) disorders. I am certified in thanatology (death, dying & bereavement) from the Association of Death Education and Counseling (ADEC). I am certified in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing) from EMDRA.
(847) 278-9406 View (847) 278-9406
Photo of Gretchen Krebs, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in York, PA
Gretchen Krebs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP, CST
Verified Verified
York, PA 17402
I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional; a Certified Sex Therapist; LGBTQIA+ friendly; and a registered kink and poly aware professional.
I strive to relate to each person where they are, without judgment and with kindness. I have a passion for working with individuals who have experienced things in their life they are trying to make sense of. I work from a trauma-informed standpoint and maintain a strengths-based perspective. I am also a sex positive therapist and enjoy helping people with concerns related to sex and sexuality. I take pride in my ability to create a safe and welcoming environment for everyone.
I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional; a Certified Sex Therapist; LGBTQIA+ friendly; and a registered kink and poly aware professional.
I strive to relate to each person where they are, without judgment and with kindness. I have a passion for working with individuals who have experienced things in their life they are trying to make sense of. I work from a trauma-informed standpoint and maintain a strengths-based perspective. I am also a sex positive therapist and enjoy helping people with concerns related to sex and sexuality. I take pride in my ability to create a safe and welcoming environment for everyone.
(717) 467-1116 View (717) 467-1116
Photo of Heather Venezia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in York, PA
Heather Venezia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
York, PA 17401
Waitlist for new clients
Whether it’s depression, anxiety, trauma, sexuality, high achiever burnout, or relationships, I’d love to hear your story and help you write the next chapter. My job is to plant the seed of hope so you can envision a happier, more authentic, less stressful life for yourself. You are strong, resilient, and brave for choosing therapy.
Whether it’s depression, anxiety, trauma, sexuality, high achiever burnout, or relationships, I’d love to hear your story and help you write the next chapter. My job is to plant the seed of hope so you can envision a happier, more authentic, less stressful life for yourself. You are strong, resilient, and brave for choosing therapy.
(717) 922-5842 View (717) 922-5842
Photo of Dana Hampton, Licensed Professional Counselor in York, PA
Dana Hampton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
York, PA 17406
I skillfully work with individuals who are struggling with trauma, anxiety, depression, identity, and relationship difficulties, as well as life transitions and stress management issues.
Feeling stuck in life? Hesitant about therapy? I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor that uses a resiliency approach to therapy. I believe we all have the ability to heal and have the strength to overcome anything that life throws at us. I use behavioral, mind-body, relational, and trauma informed approaches tailored to the specific person. In addition, I am EMDR Certified through EMDRIA and have extensive training in trauma and mindfulness. I also hold certificates in Embodied Social Justice and Maternal Mental Health.
I skillfully work with individuals who are struggling with trauma, anxiety, depression, identity, and relationship difficulties, as well as life transitions and stress management issues.
Feeling stuck in life? Hesitant about therapy? I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor that uses a resiliency approach to therapy. I believe we all have the ability to heal and have the strength to overcome anything that life throws at us. I use behavioral, mind-body, relational, and trauma informed approaches tailored to the specific person. In addition, I am EMDR Certified through EMDRIA and have extensive training in trauma and mindfulness. I also hold certificates in Embodied Social Justice and Maternal Mental Health.
(223) 218-2462 View (223) 218-2462
Photo of Teresa A Mccord, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in York, PA
Teresa A Mccord
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
York, PA 17401
Specializing in treatment for depression and anxiety, family issues, childhood trauma, sexuality and adult trauma for LGBT clients.
Currently I am accepting new clients with immediate openings during daytime hours. I focus on treatment for LGBTQAI and Non Binary clients struggling with trauma, dissociative disorders, transitioning, depression and anxiety. I also have a passion for helping other therapists in their own journey to wellness. I am EMDR trained, a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and use trauma informed therapy, internal systems, psychodynamic, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy. I have over 20 years experience and am compassionate and well informed. I also offer a tele group for transmen who are my clients. Age range is from 18 to 64.
Specializing in treatment for depression and anxiety, family issues, childhood trauma, sexuality and adult trauma for LGBT clients.
Currently I am accepting new clients with immediate openings during daytime hours. I focus on treatment for LGBTQAI and Non Binary clients struggling with trauma, dissociative disorders, transitioning, depression and anxiety. I also have a passion for helping other therapists in their own journey to wellness. I am EMDR trained, a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and use trauma informed therapy, internal systems, psychodynamic, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy. I have over 20 years experience and am compassionate and well informed. I also offer a tele group for transmen who are my clients. Age range is from 18 to 64.
(717) 229-9906 View (717) 229-9906
Photo of Yorktowne Counseling LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in York, PA
Yorktowne Counseling LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
York, PA 17401  (Online Only)
I have also successfully worked with clients who are managing past trauma and abuse (emotional and physical), co-dependency, self-esteem, women's issues and issues related to gender identity/transitioning.
Not feeling like yourself? Have you been struggling with life's ups and downs, relationships, or significant life changes? Your experiences and emotions are important and I want to help you make sense of them. I offer a warm, accepting, professional environment and work to develop a strong therapeutic relationship. I know that if we build trust and a positive relationship your success therapeutically increases significantly. I emphasize evidence-based therapy techniques, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which has been clinically proven to be effective, and I see the positive effects of therapy in my clients.
I have also successfully worked with clients who are managing past trauma and abuse (emotional and physical), co-dependency, self-esteem, women's issues and issues related to gender identity/transitioning.
Not feeling like yourself? Have you been struggling with life's ups and downs, relationships, or significant life changes? Your experiences and emotions are important and I want to help you make sense of them. I offer a warm, accepting, professional environment and work to develop a strong therapeutic relationship. I know that if we build trust and a positive relationship your success therapeutically increases significantly. I emphasize evidence-based therapy techniques, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which has been clinically proven to be effective, and I see the positive effects of therapy in my clients.
(717) 524-1008 View (717) 524-1008
Photo of Chelsea Goody, Counselor in York, PA
Chelsea Goody
Counselor, BS, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
York, PA 17404  (Online Only)
Chelsea’s professional interests include trauma, OCD, hoarding, anxiety disorders, chronic illness, psychosis, and group work.
Chelsea specializes in working with individuals with Anxiety Spectrum Disorders including Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Anxiety, Specific Phobias, Hoarding Disorder, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in addition to many other diagnoses. Chelsea has extensive experience working with young children, adolescents, and adults and works to individualize treatment to fit the needs of each unique client.
Chelsea’s professional interests include trauma, OCD, hoarding, anxiety disorders, chronic illness, psychosis, and group work.
Chelsea specializes in working with individuals with Anxiety Spectrum Disorders including Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Anxiety, Specific Phobias, Hoarding Disorder, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in addition to many other diagnoses. Chelsea has extensive experience working with young children, adolescents, and adults and works to individualize treatment to fit the needs of each unique client.
(410) 348-7232 View (410) 348-7232
Photo of Authentic Therapy Services LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in York, PA
Authentic Therapy Services LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCPC-S
Verified Verified
York, PA 17401  (Online Only)
Authentic Therapy Services provides neurodiversity- affirming, LGBTQIA-affirming, and trauma- informed virtual mental health counseling and assessment services for clients 18+ in Pennsylvania and Maryland. Owned by an openly Autistic and ADHD therapist, Authentic Therapy Services offers person-centered support guided by values of authenticity, curiosity, compassion, and self- advocacy that emphasizes clients as the ultimate authority on their own lived experiences. Practice specializations include Autism, ADHD, late diagnosis/identification, complex trauma, demand avoidance, neurodivergent burnout recovery, and identity exploration.
Authentic Therapy Services provides neurodiversity- affirming, LGBTQIA-affirming, and trauma- informed virtual mental health counseling and assessment services for clients 18+ in Pennsylvania and Maryland. Owned by an openly Autistic and ADHD therapist, Authentic Therapy Services offers person-centered support guided by values of authenticity, curiosity, compassion, and self- advocacy that emphasizes clients as the ultimate authority on their own lived experiences. Practice specializations include Autism, ADHD, late diagnosis/identification, complex trauma, demand avoidance, neurodivergent burnout recovery, and identity exploration.
(717) 510-1369 View (717) 510-1369
Photo of Goody Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in York, PA
Goody Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LGPC, LCPC, LPC
Verified Verified
York, PA 17404  (Online Only)
We provide expert-level treatment with varying levels of intensity to treat Anxiety Disorders, Depression and other Mood Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRB's), Trauma, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), major life transitions, and other introspective aspirations.
We understand that each person approaches treatment with a unique set of circumstances and obstacles. Good Counseling Services provides a comprehensive, individually-tailored approach to you and your needs.
We provide expert-level treatment with varying levels of intensity to treat Anxiety Disorders, Depression and other Mood Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRB's), Trauma, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), major life transitions, and other introspective aspirations.
We understand that each person approaches treatment with a unique set of circumstances and obstacles. Good Counseling Services provides a comprehensive, individually-tailored approach to you and your needs.
(833) 244-5224 View (833) 244-5224
Photo of Nicole E Matero, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in York, PA
Nicole E Matero
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
York, PA 17406  (Online Only)
Therapy is a journey towards self-discovery, empowerment, and balance. Do you ever feel that you may be getting in the way of yourself in your efforts to live a rich and fulfilling life? Maybe you feel unmotivated or disconnected from a sense of joy. Life can be stressful with unexpected changes, relationship struggles, grief and loss, life transitions, sexual identity issues, social struggles, and current or previous trauma disrupting your day-to-day functioning. This often creates an out-of-control feeling with your thoughts, feelings, emotions, and behaviors.
Therapy is a journey towards self-discovery, empowerment, and balance. Do you ever feel that you may be getting in the way of yourself in your efforts to live a rich and fulfilling life? Maybe you feel unmotivated or disconnected from a sense of joy. Life can be stressful with unexpected changes, relationship struggles, grief and loss, life transitions, sexual identity issues, social struggles, and current or previous trauma disrupting your day-to-day functioning. This often creates an out-of-control feeling with your thoughts, feelings, emotions, and behaviors.
(717) 942-9797 View (717) 942-9797
Photo of Kristin Hobson, Licensed Professional Counselor in York, PA
Kristin Hobson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, NCSC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
York, PA 17406
CALLING clients and families: Do you or your child struggle with depression and anxiety which makes a daily routine difficult? Do you or your child question on how to manage challenging moments in your life? Have you or your child experienced a traumatic event in your life that seems impossible to process? Do you feel like you are in a stage of crisis that makes it hard to manage daily norms? Have you had multiple anxiety attacks that left you exhausted and tired, but want to learn coping strategies? Do you question your confidence in your relationships, career and personal identity? Are you ready to START the healing process?
CALLING clients and families: Do you or your child struggle with depression and anxiety which makes a daily routine difficult? Do you or your child question on how to manage challenging moments in your life? Have you or your child experienced a traumatic event in your life that seems impossible to process? Do you feel like you are in a stage of crisis that makes it hard to manage daily norms? Have you had multiple anxiety attacks that left you exhausted and tired, but want to learn coping strategies? Do you question your confidence in your relationships, career and personal identity? Are you ready to START the healing process?
(717) 366-7530 View (717) 366-7530
Photo of Allie Kochert, Licensed Professional Counselor in York, PA
Allie Kochert
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
York, PA 17402  (Online Only)
You’re feeling burned out like toast. You’re worn out with all the demands on you and wondering how to get back to feeling like yourself—resilient from the inside out. You crave peace again in your life, your work, your relationships.
You’re feeling burned out like toast. You’re worn out with all the demands on you and wondering how to get back to feeling like yourself—resilient from the inside out. You crave peace again in your life, your work, your relationships.
(717) 537-9858 View (717) 537-9858
Photo of Yvonne Foster, Licensed Professional Counselor in York, PA
Yvonne Foster
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
York, PA 17315  (Online Only)
I have over 20 years of experience providing mental health therapy to individual's, couples, and families. I believe that you should not be in therapy for years, but should be quickly making the changes in your life to get you out of therapy. The goal of therapy is to help you to determine what those changes are and then to help you take the necessary steps to make those changes.
I have over 20 years of experience providing mental health therapy to individual's, couples, and families. I believe that you should not be in therapy for years, but should be quickly making the changes in your life to get you out of therapy. The goal of therapy is to help you to determine what those changes are and then to help you take the necessary steps to make those changes.
(717) 524-1140 View (717) 524-1140
Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.