Photo of Counseling for Hope & Healing, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
Counseling for Hope & Healing
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Elgin, SC 29045
We work with: behavior disorders in children/adolescents, Attachment issues (Reactive Attachment Disorder, foster care, adoption, childhood trauma, childhood illness, childhood separation from parental figures), marriage problems (infidelity, communication), step family integration, depression and anxiety disorders and a host of other issues.
Life can be surprisingly hard. Trauma, broken relationships, life changes, depression, parenting and marriage struggles-these things happen to even the strongest people, and sometimes you just need someone to hear you. You need someone to validate your experience and help you make sense of the difficulties you are trying to wade through--that's where a compassionate and honest therapist comes in. As the Owner/Director of Counseling For Hope & Healing, I know our therapists are not afraid to walk through your struggle with you. It may feel overwhelming to take that first step, but know you will not be going at it alone.
We work with: behavior disorders in children/adolescents, Attachment issues (Reactive Attachment Disorder, foster care, adoption, childhood trauma, childhood illness, childhood separation from parental figures), marriage problems (infidelity, communication), step family integration, depression and anxiety disorders and a host of other issues.
Life can be surprisingly hard. Trauma, broken relationships, life changes, depression, parenting and marriage struggles-these things happen to even the strongest people, and sometimes you just need someone to hear you. You need someone to validate your experience and help you make sense of the difficulties you are trying to wade through--that's where a compassionate and honest therapist comes in. As the Owner/Director of Counseling For Hope & Healing, I know our therapists are not afraid to walk through your struggle with you. It may feel overwhelming to take that first step, but know you will not be going at it alone.
(803) 937-3585 View (803) 937-3585
Photo of Christopher L. Berry, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
Christopher L. Berry
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, MAPC, NCC, AACC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lugoff, SC 29078
All of us deserve to savor what life has to offer to the fullest extent possible. Many experience that journey as compromised by difficult transitions or painful circumstances in their lives, threatening to rob them of their joy. These blockages may come from events in the present such as loss of a loved one or a deteriorating relationship; or they may result from earlier events that have left wounds/scars unhealed. We provide individual, group, and family sessions to help create awareness and understanding of how to get back to 'Me'. We explore issues and allow clients to choose to heal mentally, spiritually, and emotionally.
All of us deserve to savor what life has to offer to the fullest extent possible. Many experience that journey as compromised by difficult transitions or painful circumstances in their lives, threatening to rob them of their joy. These blockages may come from events in the present such as loss of a loved one or a deteriorating relationship; or they may result from earlier events that have left wounds/scars unhealed. We provide individual, group, and family sessions to help create awareness and understanding of how to get back to 'Me'. We explore issues and allow clients to choose to heal mentally, spiritually, and emotionally.
(803) 489-8143 View (803) 489-8143
Photo of Gina Smith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kershaw County, SC
Gina Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MDiv, LISW-CP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Camden, SC 29020
I am a licensed clinical social worker and I provide therapy for adults, couples, and other family members.
When you face challenges in your life, it is helpful to have a guide to find your way. I would like to be your guide as you reconnect to yourself and others. I am dedicated to supporting you as you take steps to improve your life.
I am a licensed clinical social worker and I provide therapy for adults, couples, and other family members.
When you face challenges in your life, it is helpful to have a guide to find your way. I would like to be your guide as you reconnect to yourself and others. I am dedicated to supporting you as you take steps to improve your life.
(803) 753-1126 View (803) 753-1126
Photo of Shakiyah Demelien, Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
Shakiyah Demelien
Counselor, LPCA, NCC
Verified Verified
Camden, SC 29020
I provide individual, family, couples, and group therapy.
Why do I feel this way? Somethings missing? What do I do next? Why do I feel so alone? These may be a few questions going through your mind lately. Guess what you're not alone; many others are asking themselves the same questions right now. Whether the things you are feeling are new or old, I specialize in helping individuals just like you understand what is creating distress in their lives.
I provide individual, family, couples, and group therapy.
Why do I feel this way? Somethings missing? What do I do next? Why do I feel so alone? These may be a few questions going through your mind lately. Guess what you're not alone; many others are asking themselves the same questions right now. Whether the things you are feeling are new or old, I specialize in helping individuals just like you understand what is creating distress in their lives.
(803) 266-1726 View (803) 266-1726
Photo of Mary 'Molly' Myers Bridges, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
Mary 'Molly' Myers Bridges
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MAC
Verified Verified
Camden, SC 29020
Would you like to live your best life? At the Southeastern Success Center, the focus is on seeking success by meeting therapy or coaching goals utilizing current and potential strengths. From depression and anxiety to severe psychiatric issues, I work with clients to define plans for successful outcomes. I offer therapeutic techniques promoting creativity and out of the box thinking. I utilize a variety of psychological theories including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, DBT techniques, Solution Focused, and Sex Therapy, or a combination of these. We are unique individuals, and so should be the care we offer ourselves.
Would you like to live your best life? At the Southeastern Success Center, the focus is on seeking success by meeting therapy or coaching goals utilizing current and potential strengths. From depression and anxiety to severe psychiatric issues, I work with clients to define plans for successful outcomes. I offer therapeutic techniques promoting creativity and out of the box thinking. I utilize a variety of psychological theories including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, DBT techniques, Solution Focused, and Sex Therapy, or a combination of these. We are unique individuals, and so should be the care we offer ourselves.
(803) 713-7979 View (803) 713-7979
Photo of Here to Listen, Inc., Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
Here to Listen, Inc.
Counselor, MS, BSW, MRT
Verified Verified
Elgin, SC 29045  (Online Only)
It’s okay to not be okay! Are you the person no one ever checks on? Are you in crisis? Is it after hours and you want someone to listen, but most offices you’ve reached out to are closed? Then give us a call. We’re open 5:30- 11:00pm and are Here to Listen. I assist survivors of rape and domestic violence on a no-cost basis as a way of giving back to the community. If you are looking for someone to listen compassionately, hear your concern, and not judge you, reach out to me. Services are absolutely free and confidential.
It’s okay to not be okay! Are you the person no one ever checks on? Are you in crisis? Is it after hours and you want someone to listen, but most offices you’ve reached out to are closed? Then give us a call. We’re open 5:30- 11:00pm and are Here to Listen. I assist survivors of rape and domestic violence on a no-cost basis as a way of giving back to the community. If you are looking for someone to listen compassionately, hear your concern, and not judge you, reach out to me. Services are absolutely free and confidential.
(803) 310-2074 View (803) 310-2074
Photo of Susan E Hardwicke, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kershaw County, SC
Susan E Hardwicke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LCSW-S, CHT, SAP, ADS
Verified Verified
Camden, SC 29020
I work with a wide variety of clients such as relationship issues; trauma and grief work. I also do hypnotherapy to deal with anxiety,pain management, sports improvement,smoking cessation, weight management , and relaxation, plus many other issues. I also have a degree in addictions to help folks who are in addiction as well as those who want to maintain their sobriety and want balance in their lives.I am a Daniel Amen Affiliate as well as a SAP counselor.
I work with a wide variety of clients such as relationship issues; trauma and grief work. I also do hypnotherapy to deal with anxiety,pain management, sports improvement,smoking cessation, weight management , and relaxation, plus many other issues. I also have a degree in addictions to help folks who are in addiction as well as those who want to maintain their sobriety and want balance in their lives.I am a Daniel Amen Affiliate as well as a SAP counselor.
(803) 450-2401 View (803) 450-2401
Photo of Camille Wood, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
Camille Wood
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPCS-C, NCC
Verified Verified
Elgin, SC 29045
Waitlist for new clients
At times, life circumstances can be overwhelming and I am here to steer you in the direction that is best fitted for you. My counseling style is safe, non-judgmental, and supportive. I provide counseling services that include individual & group, psychotherapy, video & vocational, grief, trauma and substance abuse. My holistic approach emphasizes the connection between mind, body, and spirit. Many of the clients I work with have a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, trauma, career challenges and relationship issues.
At times, life circumstances can be overwhelming and I am here to steer you in the direction that is best fitted for you. My counseling style is safe, non-judgmental, and supportive. I provide counseling services that include individual & group, psychotherapy, video & vocational, grief, trauma and substance abuse. My holistic approach emphasizes the connection between mind, body, and spirit. Many of the clients I work with have a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, trauma, career challenges and relationship issues.
(803) 828-0214 View (803) 828-0214
Photo of Kimberly Kocak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kershaw County, SC
Kimberly Kocak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP, ASDCS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Camden, SC 29020
I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker and owner of Corazon Holistic Health. I have incorporated evidence-based holistic practices to treat individuals. Whole body mental health is our goal for all of our Clients. Our modalities include EMDR, Art Therapy, nutrition, yoga and other modalities as needed. I partner with other professionals within our community to deliver a comprehensive menu of service for each individual. I specialize in Autism Spectrum Differences and Trauma. I help you design a plan, build the skills and process and resolve emotional complexities to achieve your goals of living your best life.
I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker and owner of Corazon Holistic Health. I have incorporated evidence-based holistic practices to treat individuals. Whole body mental health is our goal for all of our Clients. Our modalities include EMDR, Art Therapy, nutrition, yoga and other modalities as needed. I partner with other professionals within our community to deliver a comprehensive menu of service for each individual. I specialize in Autism Spectrum Differences and Trauma. I help you design a plan, build the skills and process and resolve emotional complexities to achieve your goals of living your best life.
(803) 310-2793 View (803) 310-2793
Photo of Adrianne Y Miller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kershaw County, SC
Adrianne Y Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP, LCSW
Verified Verified
Elgin, SC 29045
Not accepting new clients
I provide EMDR Psychotherapy for clients experiencing past or present trauma, PTSD, anxiety, grief, depression and chronic pain. I offer you a safe and caring place in which to find the space you need for the work of repairing habits and behaviors that no longer serve you, and a sacred space in which to heal the wounds of your life. I am passionate about the transformative power of therapy and its ability to heal the past in order to allow us to embrace the future wholeheartedly. For those who are ready to commit to the work, I am ready to accompany you on the journey.
I provide EMDR Psychotherapy for clients experiencing past or present trauma, PTSD, anxiety, grief, depression and chronic pain. I offer you a safe and caring place in which to find the space you need for the work of repairing habits and behaviors that no longer serve you, and a sacred space in which to heal the wounds of your life. I am passionate about the transformative power of therapy and its ability to heal the past in order to allow us to embrace the future wholeheartedly. For those who are ready to commit to the work, I am ready to accompany you on the journey.
(803) 258-6026 View (803) 258-6026

Online Therapists

Photo of Laura J Miller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kershaw County, SC
Laura J Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP, MAC, CCATP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, SC 29210  (Online Only)
Family should be the most important support in our lives.
Life does not have to hurt. If you are suffering the pain of addiction, complex trauma, depression, or relationship problems- I can help. The goal is to enjoy life again and become the person you were destined to be. YOU remain in control during treatment.
Family should be the most important support in our lives.
Life does not have to hurt. If you are suffering the pain of addiction, complex trauma, depression, or relationship problems- I can help. The goal is to enjoy life again and become the person you were destined to be. YOU remain in control during treatment.
(803) 618-4220 View (803) 618-4220
Photo of Sandy Boone, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
Sandy Boone
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCMHC, BC-TMHP, CMHIMP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lexington, SC 29072  (Online Only)
I also utilize somatic therapy, motivational interviewing, brainspotting, energy psychology, and internal family systems (IFS) to help you better understand your unique struggles, as well as help you create a healing path forward.
You help others to create better lives for themselves, but what about you — where do you turn when you need support while caring for others? You may experience compassion fatigue, burnout, and secondary trauma in helping professions, and the only way you can continue to show up for your patients is to make space to heal for yourself. You are probably a Type-A personality who puts everyone else's needs above your own. I'm here to tell you it's okay to take time for yourself. I'm here to provide a space to heal from old trauma wounds and workplace stressors that have created difficulty in work/life balance.
I also utilize somatic therapy, motivational interviewing, brainspotting, energy psychology, and internal family systems (IFS) to help you better understand your unique struggles, as well as help you create a healing path forward.
You help others to create better lives for themselves, but what about you — where do you turn when you need support while caring for others? You may experience compassion fatigue, burnout, and secondary trauma in helping professions, and the only way you can continue to show up for your patients is to make space to heal for yourself. You are probably a Type-A personality who puts everyone else's needs above your own. I'm here to tell you it's okay to take time for yourself. I'm here to provide a space to heal from old trauma wounds and workplace stressors that have created difficulty in work/life balance.
(803) 721-3394 View (803) 721-3394
Photo of J. Marie Parrish Counseling Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
J. Marie Parrish Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29486
There is hope and healing. I work with adults, children, or teens. Feel overwhelmed? Feel depressed? Worry too much? Child or teen out of control? Family conflict? Experience a traumatic event or traumatic loss? I am a licensed therapist trained in trauma treatment, managing depression, anxiety, and providing parenting skills. All therapy comes from evidence based practices. I offer a person centered and strengths based approach. I focus on meeting the client where they are, to understand their experience from their perspective so treatment can be most meaningful.
There is hope and healing. I work with adults, children, or teens. Feel overwhelmed? Feel depressed? Worry too much? Child or teen out of control? Family conflict? Experience a traumatic event or traumatic loss? I am a licensed therapist trained in trauma treatment, managing depression, anxiety, and providing parenting skills. All therapy comes from evidence based practices. I offer a person centered and strengths based approach. I focus on meeting the client where they are, to understand their experience from their perspective so treatment can be most meaningful.
(854) 458-7657 View (854) 458-7657
Photo of Rhonda Sue Faughender, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
Rhonda Sue Faughender
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LAC
Verified Verified
Summerville, SC 29485
I use multiple therapeutic skills including CBT, CPT, Motivational Interviewing, Reality Therapy, Solution-Focused, Family Systems, and others to synthesize the best treatment for my clients.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and a Licensed Addiction Counselor who has worked in an inpatient psychiatric setting and outpatient settings to include both psychiatric and addictions intensive outpatient treatment, employee assistance programming, and private practice counseling serving adolescents, adults, couples and families. I believe a therapist's role is to help a client(s) identify areas where they feel 'stuck' and work to implement solutions. I work to help my clients feel empowered never judged! I have 20+ years' experience working with clients experiencing abuse/trauma, anxiety, depression, addiction, and grief.
I use multiple therapeutic skills including CBT, CPT, Motivational Interviewing, Reality Therapy, Solution-Focused, Family Systems, and others to synthesize the best treatment for my clients.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and a Licensed Addiction Counselor who has worked in an inpatient psychiatric setting and outpatient settings to include both psychiatric and addictions intensive outpatient treatment, employee assistance programming, and private practice counseling serving adolescents, adults, couples and families. I believe a therapist's role is to help a client(s) identify areas where they feel 'stuck' and work to implement solutions. I work to help my clients feel empowered never judged! I have 20+ years' experience working with clients experiencing abuse/trauma, anxiety, depression, addiction, and grief.
(843) 279-5362 View (843) 279-5362
Photo of Lakeside Family Center, Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor in Kershaw County, SC
Lakeside Family Center
Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor, MA, LPC/S
Verified Verified
Moncks Corner, SC 29461
Hello, my name is Elizabeth Vinson. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor and owner of Lakeside Family Center, LLC, a private group practice located in Moncks Corner, SC. After establishing Lakeside Family Center in 2010, we now have grown into 20 plus providers and two locations in Moncks Corner, SC. We provide counseling services for adults, couples, families, teens, and children as young as 3 years old. Finding the right counselor for you or your love one is so important to your journey, and we are here to make sure one of our providers is best fit for you!
Hello, my name is Elizabeth Vinson. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor and owner of Lakeside Family Center, LLC, a private group practice located in Moncks Corner, SC. After establishing Lakeside Family Center in 2010, we now have grown into 20 plus providers and two locations in Moncks Corner, SC. We provide counseling services for adults, couples, families, teens, and children as young as 3 years old. Finding the right counselor for you or your love one is so important to your journey, and we are here to make sure one of our providers is best fit for you!
(843) 242-7468 View (843) 242-7468
Photo of Kay Cooper, Marriage & Family Therapist in Kershaw County, SC
Kay Cooper
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
North Charleston, SC 29406  (Online Only)
Whether you are an individual, family or couple seeking a more fulfilling life circumstance, my mission is to empower you to find renewable energy and a foundation for healthy life choices.
I specialize in dealing with the impact of depression, anxiety, grief and trauma that alters client’s lives. I help individuals, couples and families identify and work through abandonment and early attachment injuries to prevent current and future toxic relationship patterns. I am passionate about practicing a culturally specific and holistic approach to therapy.
Whether you are an individual, family or couple seeking a more fulfilling life circumstance, my mission is to empower you to find renewable energy and a foundation for healthy life choices.
I specialize in dealing with the impact of depression, anxiety, grief and trauma that alters client’s lives. I help individuals, couples and families identify and work through abandonment and early attachment injuries to prevent current and future toxic relationship patterns. I am passionate about practicing a culturally specific and holistic approach to therapy.
(678) 916-9773 View (678) 916-9773
Photo of Gina Viruso-Kitts, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
Gina Viruso-Kitts
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Rock Hill, SC 29732
I am a licensed mental health counselor in South Carolina. I specialize in Equine Assisted Psychotherapy. I am fluent in American Sign Language, thus, I am able to work with deaf individuals and those with hearing loss and their family members. I have experience working with a variety of populations and cultures in the community and school settings with issues that vary from life circumstance changes, emotional, mental and social issues. There are times when one is faced with issues and difficulties in which I can assist adults, adolescents and children in finding the balance they need in their life.
I am a licensed mental health counselor in South Carolina. I specialize in Equine Assisted Psychotherapy. I am fluent in American Sign Language, thus, I am able to work with deaf individuals and those with hearing loss and their family members. I have experience working with a variety of populations and cultures in the community and school settings with issues that vary from life circumstance changes, emotional, mental and social issues. There are times when one is faced with issues and difficulties in which I can assist adults, adolescents and children in finding the balance they need in their life.
(803) 526-7163 View (803) 526-7163
Photo of Shawna Kier Counseling , Licensed Professional Counselor in Kershaw County, SC
Shawna Kier Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LPC-S, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbia, SC 29201
I utilize EMDR, Play Therapy, and Family Systems.
I want to hear your story so that you don't feel alone with it anymore. LGBTQ+ and ENM affirming. Therapy for therapists. Supervision for SC licensure. I utilize a nurturing and non-judgemental approach; despite society's messages, humans need support and connection to feel safe enough to heal and grow. For over 10 years I have been helping people navigate their complex feelings, especially when it comes to trauma. Every individual has value. Through therapy, we can discover those feelings of value and self-worth.
I utilize EMDR, Play Therapy, and Family Systems.
I want to hear your story so that you don't feel alone with it anymore. LGBTQ+ and ENM affirming. Therapy for therapists. Supervision for SC licensure. I utilize a nurturing and non-judgemental approach; despite society's messages, humans need support and connection to feel safe enough to heal and grow. For over 10 years I have been helping people navigate their complex feelings, especially when it comes to trauma. Every individual has value. Through therapy, we can discover those feelings of value and self-worth.
(803) 710-7778 View (803) 710-7778
Photo of Kimberly R Rosborough, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kershaw County, SC
Kimberly R Rosborough
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-CP, RPT-S, CCFC
Verified Verified
Spartanburg, SC 29301
I am committed to a philosophy of healing that is founded in respect and desire to identify and build on existing strengths and the family as a system.
Maybe you feel as if no one sees you. You might feel misunderstood by everyone or that no one hears you. Maybe you feel that no one cares. You might feel criticized or judged by others. You are not alone. I will listen and strive to make you feel comfortable. I recognize your worth and want to provide a space where healing can begin.
I am committed to a philosophy of healing that is founded in respect and desire to identify and build on existing strengths and the family as a system.
Maybe you feel as if no one sees you. You might feel misunderstood by everyone or that no one hears you. Maybe you feel that no one cares. You might feel criticized or judged by others. You are not alone. I will listen and strive to make you feel comfortable. I recognize your worth and want to provide a space where healing can begin.
(864) 707-3903 View (864) 707-3903
Photo of Rhonda M Gambrell, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Kershaw County, SC
Rhonda M Gambrell
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MEd, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Spartanburg, SC 29302  (Online Only)
I have experience with mood disorders, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, family discord, life transition, chronic mental illness, grief, trauma/PTSD, DSS involvement and behavioral problems.
Taking that first step towards healing and self-improvement can be difficult but you don’t have to take that step alone. As a licensed counselor with over 30 years of experience in mental health, I have the knowledge, experience and insight to walk alongside you. My approach is based on a collaborative relationship as we work together toward healing and meaningful change. I meet clients where they are in life and support them with compassion and empathy. My goal is to provide a safe space, where we can explore root causes of problems and develop a plan for self-awareness that will promote personal growth and positive change.
I have experience with mood disorders, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, family discord, life transition, chronic mental illness, grief, trauma/PTSD, DSS involvement and behavioral problems.
Taking that first step towards healing and self-improvement can be difficult but you don’t have to take that step alone. As a licensed counselor with over 30 years of experience in mental health, I have the knowledge, experience and insight to walk alongside you. My approach is based on a collaborative relationship as we work together toward healing and meaningful change. I meet clients where they are in life and support them with compassion and empathy. My goal is to provide a safe space, where we can explore root causes of problems and develop a plan for self-awareness that will promote personal growth and positive change.
(864) 754-6590 View (864) 754-6590

See more therapy options for Kershaw County

Family Therapy

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.