Depression Therapists in 38120

Photo of Paige Marcantel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 38120, TN
Paige Marcantel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MBA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120
I am a a licensed clinical social worker with over 15 years of experience as a therapist and leader. I have extensive experience in helping clients with historical trauma, parenting and the postpartum period, stress, depression, anxiety, relationships, grief, and loss. My counseling approach emphasizes non-judgment and building rapport as critical to success in working with my clients. I absolutely believe that you are the expert on your own story and I can walk with you to assist you in making the changes you want to make.
I am a a licensed clinical social worker with over 15 years of experience as a therapist and leader. I have extensive experience in helping clients with historical trauma, parenting and the postpartum period, stress, depression, anxiety, relationships, grief, and loss. My counseling approach emphasizes non-judgment and building rapport as critical to success in working with my clients. I absolutely believe that you are the expert on your own story and I can walk with you to assist you in making the changes you want to make.
(901) 668-5253 View (901) 668-5253
Photo of Allison Rieman, Marriage & Family Therapist in 38120, TN
Allison Rieman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120
My greatest clinical strengths lie in working with adolescents, young adults, anxiety and OCD, and depression.
Therapy is a place to seek out growth, understanding, and compassion toward yourself and others. And since everyone has a unique story, impacted by people and experiences both past and present, it is crucial that therapy is personalized. Whether you're working toward self-exploration, acceptance, change, or all of the above, we can find a path together. I will collaborate with you in assessing concerns and working toward growth, while providing support throughout your journey.
My greatest clinical strengths lie in working with adolescents, young adults, anxiety and OCD, and depression.
Therapy is a place to seek out growth, understanding, and compassion toward yourself and others. And since everyone has a unique story, impacted by people and experiences both past and present, it is crucial that therapy is personalized. Whether you're working toward self-exploration, acceptance, change, or all of the above, we can find a path together. I will collaborate with you in assessing concerns and working toward growth, while providing support throughout your journey.
(901) 699-4015 View (901) 699-4015
Photo of Elizabeth Drain, Licensed Professional Counselor in 38120, TN
Elizabeth Drain
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-, MHSP, NCC, CEAP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120  (Online Only)
I’ve had the pleasure of helping individuals navigate challenges with depression, anxiety, stress, grief/loss, life adjustment, work/life balance, family/ marital/relationship issues.
Struggling with anxiety can cause you to feel stuck. Are you finding it hard to relax your mind and turn off racing thoughts? Are you struggling to focus and balance work/life? Do you think your relationship is falling apart and you don’t know what to do? Are you noticing life is difficult to cope with due to lack of self-love and confidence? Are you stressed and struggling to get out of bed on a daily basis. If you are experiencing signs of defeat, shame, sadness, and frustration we can help! You have taken the first and most important step by reaching out for help. You don’t have to do it alone, we’re here to help!
I’ve had the pleasure of helping individuals navigate challenges with depression, anxiety, stress, grief/loss, life adjustment, work/life balance, family/ marital/relationship issues.
Struggling with anxiety can cause you to feel stuck. Are you finding it hard to relax your mind and turn off racing thoughts? Are you struggling to focus and balance work/life? Do you think your relationship is falling apart and you don’t know what to do? Are you noticing life is difficult to cope with due to lack of self-love and confidence? Are you stressed and struggling to get out of bed on a daily basis. If you are experiencing signs of defeat, shame, sadness, and frustration we can help! You have taken the first and most important step by reaching out for help. You don’t have to do it alone, we’re here to help!
(901) 668-7146 View (901) 668-7146
Photo of Ebony Bailey Lpc Mhsp, Counselor in 38120, TN
Ebony Bailey Lpc Mhsp
Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with individuals who are at a crossroads in life. Whose goal is to move through life’s challenges. My ideal clients are those who are dealing with anxiety, adverse childhood experiences, codependency, communication, depression, life transitions, relationship stress, self-defeating beliefs, stress & traumatic experiences. Who are currently desiring support, balance & peace, but certain blocks have gotten in the way of finding enjoyment in life. Overtime, these blocks have disrupted your state of balance. Calming the nervous system is the foundation for this process. Choosing to invest in yourself is where you begin.
I enjoy working with individuals who are at a crossroads in life. Whose goal is to move through life’s challenges. My ideal clients are those who are dealing with anxiety, adverse childhood experiences, codependency, communication, depression, life transitions, relationship stress, self-defeating beliefs, stress & traumatic experiences. Who are currently desiring support, balance & peace, but certain blocks have gotten in the way of finding enjoyment in life. Overtime, these blocks have disrupted your state of balance. Calming the nervous system is the foundation for this process. Choosing to invest in yourself is where you begin.
(901) 881-7843 View (901) 881-7843
Photo of Ari Lowell, Psychologist in 38120, TN
Ari Lowell
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120  (Online Only)
Depression, anxiety, anger: sometimes our feelings can be confusing and overwhelming. Struggles at home and work increase when we're not sure how we feel or what to do with our feelings. Our relationships suffer, we don't feel happy and content, and we may wonder if there will ever be improvement. These feelings are often more intense for people who have experienced significant trauma or loss. Figuring out how to seek help and talk about these issues can be difficult. It's hard to know who to turn to, who to trust, and allow ourselves to imagine positive change. Sometimes it's hard to hope.
Depression, anxiety, anger: sometimes our feelings can be confusing and overwhelming. Struggles at home and work increase when we're not sure how we feel or what to do with our feelings. Our relationships suffer, we don't feel happy and content, and we may wonder if there will ever be improvement. These feelings are often more intense for people who have experienced significant trauma or loss. Figuring out how to seek help and talk about these issues can be difficult. It's hard to know who to turn to, who to trust, and allow ourselves to imagine positive change. Sometimes it's hard to hope.
(901) 519-2260 View (901) 519-2260
Photo of Laura Tanenbaum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 38120, TN
Laura Tanenbaum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120
I have experience in helping clients manage and overcome anxiety, depression, school issues, transitions, self-esteem , and trauma.
I am committed to helping my clients build resilience and work towards resolution and healing. I understand that mental health is a unique and personal journey for each individual, and I use a variety of modalities to create the best approach for each client. I believe in validation and curiosity in my therapeutic approach, while also helping my clients to do hard things and challenge themselves to create a more joyful and meaningful life. I work with adults, teens, children, and families, and have experience in helping individuals navigate a range of mental health concerns.
I have experience in helping clients manage and overcome anxiety, depression, school issues, transitions, self-esteem , and trauma.
I am committed to helping my clients build resilience and work towards resolution and healing. I understand that mental health is a unique and personal journey for each individual, and I use a variety of modalities to create the best approach for each client. I believe in validation and curiosity in my therapeutic approach, while also helping my clients to do hard things and challenge themselves to create a more joyful and meaningful life. I work with adults, teens, children, and families, and have experience in helping individuals navigate a range of mental health concerns.
(901) 643-7415 View (901) 643-7415
Photo of Lisa A. Maners, Licensed Professional Counselor in 38120, TN
Lisa A. Maners
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120  (Online Only)
I'm a licensed professional counselor who enjoys work with adults on skills to manage anxiety, depression, conflict, and life transitions.
Anxiety and depression can hold you back because fear can stop you from making the positive change needed for creating harmony and peace in your life. I provide a confidential, non-judgmental, and accepting environment to process the influences of family patterns, personal history, and social expectations that may or may not match your authentic inner self. Together, we will find effective strategies to manage the causes of your anxiety so that you may experience inner peace, harmony, and self-confidence. I use a mindfulness-based approach to empower people as they engage in self-discovery or work through interpersonal conflict.
I'm a licensed professional counselor who enjoys work with adults on skills to manage anxiety, depression, conflict, and life transitions.
Anxiety and depression can hold you back because fear can stop you from making the positive change needed for creating harmony and peace in your life. I provide a confidential, non-judgmental, and accepting environment to process the influences of family patterns, personal history, and social expectations that may or may not match your authentic inner self. Together, we will find effective strategies to manage the causes of your anxiety so that you may experience inner peace, harmony, and self-confidence. I use a mindfulness-based approach to empower people as they engage in self-discovery or work through interpersonal conflict.
(901) 245-5403 View (901) 245-5403
Photo of Jay Allen Stone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 38120, TN
Jay Allen Stone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BS, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120
As a therapist I strive to provide a safe and nurturing space where you feel free to explore what it means to be you and navigate life’s struggles without judgement. Therapy brings us to some of our most vulnerable moments, and I make it my mission that you feel heard, validated, and free to discover, maybe for the first time or perhaps again, who you are and/or who you’d like to become. I help clients navigate ways to improve their lives while also treating trauma-related issues, grief, relational and interpersonal challenges, family of origin issues, depression, and anxiety.
As a therapist I strive to provide a safe and nurturing space where you feel free to explore what it means to be you and navigate life’s struggles without judgement. Therapy brings us to some of our most vulnerable moments, and I make it my mission that you feel heard, validated, and free to discover, maybe for the first time or perhaps again, who you are and/or who you’d like to become. I help clients navigate ways to improve their lives while also treating trauma-related issues, grief, relational and interpersonal challenges, family of origin issues, depression, and anxiety.
(901) 403-6807 View (901) 403-6807
Photo of Sandy McCullough, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 38120, TN
Sandy McCullough
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120
I have been doing psychotherapy since 1994. The first two years I worked with recovering alcoholics and addicts. The next 7 years I visited homes and did family counseling. Since that time I have been in Private Practice working with those who have been suffering from anxiety, depression, Posttramautic Stress, ADHD issues, marital conflict, and much more.
I have been doing psychotherapy since 1994. The first two years I worked with recovering alcoholics and addicts. The next 7 years I visited homes and did family counseling. Since that time I have been in Private Practice working with those who have been suffering from anxiety, depression, Posttramautic Stress, ADHD issues, marital conflict, and much more.
(901) 641-1244 View (901) 641-1244
Photo of Ted Mattis, Marriage & Family Therapist in 38120, TN
Ted Mattis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MDiv
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120
Being human is struggle enough, isn't it? I have found in my life that the most natural thing we do is mess it up! We are a messy bunch. I am trained in Family Systems and work with individuals, couples and families. People dealing with relational struggles, infidelity, communication, parenting concerns, Family of Origin work, addiction and recovery, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, life transition and adjustment, emotional and spiritual conflict/confusion and other life struggles will find help, tools and care with me.
Being human is struggle enough, isn't it? I have found in my life that the most natural thing we do is mess it up! We are a messy bunch. I am trained in Family Systems and work with individuals, couples and families. People dealing with relational struggles, infidelity, communication, parenting concerns, Family of Origin work, addiction and recovery, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, life transition and adjustment, emotional and spiritual conflict/confusion and other life struggles will find help, tools and care with me.
(901) 617-3714 View (901) 617-3714
Photo of Ashley Neal, Licensed Professional Counselor in 38120, TN
Ashley Neal
Licensed Professional Counselor, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120
Some of Ashley’s counseling specialties include depression, anxiety, behavioral struggles, parenting skills, parent and child relationships, self-image, life changes, mood disorders and trauma.
Ashley is a published licensed professional counselor skilled in counseling children, adolescents, and adults. She provides empathetic and non-judgmental care using person-centered, behavioral, and trauma focused techniques. She has worked in numerous settings: hospital, outpatient, residential, in-home, virtual, and school. Ashley is passionate about meeting her clients where they are and encouraging authentic engagement in the therapeutic process to help meet their goals.
Some of Ashley’s counseling specialties include depression, anxiety, behavioral struggles, parenting skills, parent and child relationships, self-image, life changes, mood disorders and trauma.
Ashley is a published licensed professional counselor skilled in counseling children, adolescents, and adults. She provides empathetic and non-judgmental care using person-centered, behavioral, and trauma focused techniques. She has worked in numerous settings: hospital, outpatient, residential, in-home, virtual, and school. Ashley is passionate about meeting her clients where they are and encouraging authentic engagement in the therapeutic process to help meet their goals.
(901) 519-2994 View (901) 519-2994
Photo of Shelonda Phillips-McDonald, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 38120, TN
Shelonda Phillips-McDonald
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120
I enjoy working with clients of all ages who need help navigating this obstacle course we call life when it presents with such problems as depression, anxiety, anger, behavior problems, grief, stress, relational conflicts, and traumatic events.
Have you acknowledged that you have a problem and are now seeking help? When you talk to family or friends, do you feel like you are not being heard? I believe that the first step in the healing process for any issue is to be "heard" and have someone to listen to you. I provide a safe place for individuals, families, parents, and couples to speak and begin the healing process. My goal is to provide a warm, nurturing, accepting environment that meets the client where they are at.
I enjoy working with clients of all ages who need help navigating this obstacle course we call life when it presents with such problems as depression, anxiety, anger, behavior problems, grief, stress, relational conflicts, and traumatic events.
Have you acknowledged that you have a problem and are now seeking help? When you talk to family or friends, do you feel like you are not being heard? I believe that the first step in the healing process for any issue is to be "heard" and have someone to listen to you. I provide a safe place for individuals, families, parents, and couples to speak and begin the healing process. My goal is to provide a warm, nurturing, accepting environment that meets the client where they are at.
(901) 617-4573 View (901) 617-4573
Photo of Mary Peyton Bell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 38120, TN
Mary Peyton Bell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120
I am a licensed master of social work with over a year of experience working with children and adolescents with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, substance use disorders, and various mood and behavioral disorders. I also have experience working with families and groups. Within counseling, I believe you have the skills and strength necessary to make change happen in your life and I am here to assist you in this process. Within my sessions, I provide a space without judgment where individuals can process, grow, and improve their mental and emotional well-being.
I am a licensed master of social work with over a year of experience working with children and adolescents with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, substance use disorders, and various mood and behavioral disorders. I also have experience working with families and groups. Within counseling, I believe you have the skills and strength necessary to make change happen in your life and I am here to assist you in this process. Within my sessions, I provide a space without judgment where individuals can process, grow, and improve their mental and emotional well-being.
(901) 660-4237 View (901) 660-4237
Photo of Kristy Vassar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 38120, TN
Kristy Vassar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120
Waitlist for new clients
Kristy is a licensed clinical social worker with over ten years of experience. She has experience in helping clients with histories of ADHD, disordered eating, substance abuse, depression, anxiety, relationships, and more. Kristy’s counseling approach is focused on building the therapeutic relationship.
Kristy is a licensed clinical social worker with over ten years of experience. She has experience in helping clients with histories of ADHD, disordered eating, substance abuse, depression, anxiety, relationships, and more. Kristy’s counseling approach is focused on building the therapeutic relationship.
(901) 557-3894 View (901) 557-3894
Photo of Dr. Kimberly Atkins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 38120, TN
Dr. Kimberly Atkins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, EdD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120  (Online Only)
With a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology and over 20 years of counseling experience, I can help you get through life's trials and tribulations. I am a licensed clinical social worker specializing in stress, grief, depression, anxiety, suicide prevention, chronic management illness, crises management, as well as in coping skills in both adolescents and adults. My expertise is a combination of professional and personal skills that can help any person tackle unexpected life crisis. I have experience in couples counseling, family counseling, group counseling, and career counseling.
With a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology and over 20 years of counseling experience, I can help you get through life's trials and tribulations. I am a licensed clinical social worker specializing in stress, grief, depression, anxiety, suicide prevention, chronic management illness, crises management, as well as in coping skills in both adolescents and adults. My expertise is a combination of professional and personal skills that can help any person tackle unexpected life crisis. I have experience in couples counseling, family counseling, group counseling, and career counseling.
(901) 203-5291 View (901) 203-5291
Photo of Hailey Brown, Pre-Licensed Professional in 38120, TN
Hailey Brown
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120
Hello! My name is Hailey, and I am a national certified counselor. I have a passion for empowering clients in self-discovery and healing. My goal for the counseling experience is to develop a safe, nonjudgmental space for clients to find clarity in life’s challenging and uncertain times. The majority of my practice focuses on anxiety, depression, trauma, ADHD management, self-esteem, self-identity, life transitions, and stress.
Hello! My name is Hailey, and I am a national certified counselor. I have a passion for empowering clients in self-discovery and healing. My goal for the counseling experience is to develop a safe, nonjudgmental space for clients to find clarity in life’s challenging and uncertain times. The majority of my practice focuses on anxiety, depression, trauma, ADHD management, self-esteem, self-identity, life transitions, and stress.
(901) 554-4140 View (901) 554-4140
Photo of Jessica Griffin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 38120, TN
Jessica Griffin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120
I am a licensed masters social worker with over 5 years of experience helping clients with trauma, anxiety, depression, OCD, stress, relationship difficulties, grief, and loss. My approach to counseling is very individualized - you are the expert on your life, and I am here to help you make change happen.
I am a licensed masters social worker with over 5 years of experience helping clients with trauma, anxiety, depression, OCD, stress, relationship difficulties, grief, and loss. My approach to counseling is very individualized - you are the expert on your life, and I am here to help you make change happen.
(901) 699-4982 View (901) 699-4982
Photo of Kacie Kelso Mellen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 38120, TN
Kacie Kelso Mellen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120
I work with clients of all ages on many issues such as depression, anxiety/stress, behavior problems, grief and relational conflicts.
Acknowledging the need for help can sometimes be a difficult first step, but carrying all of life's problems alone can be brutal and isolating. I provide a safe place for individuals, families, parents and couples to navigate effectively through the many obstacles we face on life's journey. My goal is to provide a warm and accepting environment for individuals to explore feelings, behaviors and life experiences that may allow for personal reflection and growth.
I work with clients of all ages on many issues such as depression, anxiety/stress, behavior problems, grief and relational conflicts.
Acknowledging the need for help can sometimes be a difficult first step, but carrying all of life's problems alone can be brutal and isolating. I provide a safe place for individuals, families, parents and couples to navigate effectively through the many obstacles we face on life's journey. My goal is to provide a warm and accepting environment for individuals to explore feelings, behaviors and life experiences that may allow for personal reflection and growth.
(901) 245-5491 View (901) 245-5491
Photo of Andre L. Dodson Jr., Pre-Licensed Professional in 38120, TN
Andre L. Dodson Jr.
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120
Hello, glad you could make it here. Has life's challenges thrown you off course? Has the struggles of your past been affecting your present and dimming your future? Have you gotten to a point in life where you just feel stuck and not living the life that you want to live? Unfortunately, many people learn to avoid the deep rooted issues that eventually compound and manifest into unhealthy behaviors, relationship problems, anxiety, depression and addiction. This can often be tough to acknowledge and let's be real, seeking help from a professional can be a daunting and intimidating task. But it does not have to be. There is hope.
Hello, glad you could make it here. Has life's challenges thrown you off course? Has the struggles of your past been affecting your present and dimming your future? Have you gotten to a point in life where you just feel stuck and not living the life that you want to live? Unfortunately, many people learn to avoid the deep rooted issues that eventually compound and manifest into unhealthy behaviors, relationship problems, anxiety, depression and addiction. This can often be tough to acknowledge and let's be real, seeking help from a professional can be a daunting and intimidating task. But it does not have to be. There is hope.
(901) 370-8872 View (901) 370-8872
Photo of Dr. P. Tracy Crudup, Licensed Professional Counselor in 38120, TN
Dr. P. Tracy Crudup
Licensed Professional Counselor, DBH, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38120
Relationships and chronic health issues are unique areas that we attach deep emotions to. The emotion allows us to label our level of satisfaction. Its hard to be happy when you just had the same conversation with your mate again without resolution. Its hard to have hope when you are struggling to find the strength for another fertility treatment. Increased fatigue, depression and anxiety begin to take over. They impact your self esteem, increase guilt and resentment and make every day a battle. If relationships, life transitions or chronic health issues are hindering you then I can help you establish control of your life again.
Relationships and chronic health issues are unique areas that we attach deep emotions to. The emotion allows us to label our level of satisfaction. Its hard to be happy when you just had the same conversation with your mate again without resolution. Its hard to have hope when you are struggling to find the strength for another fertility treatment. Increased fatigue, depression and anxiety begin to take over. They impact your self esteem, increase guilt and resentment and make every day a battle. If relationships, life transitions or chronic health issues are hindering you then I can help you establish control of your life again.
(901) 466-8773 View (901) 466-8773

See more therapy options for 38120

Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.