Photo of Laura Rozier, Counselor in 45439, OH
Laura Rozier
Counselor, MSEd, LPC, LSW
Verified Verified
Kettering, OH 45439
Welcome to a space where understanding meets healing! Hi, I am Laura, thank you for checking-out my profile. I am compassionate and dedicated therapist committed to serving clients from all walks of life. This includes fostering a warm and inclusive environment for LGBTQ+ individuals, couples and those seeking culturally sensitive therapy. My expertise spans areas such as anxiety, depression, trauma, relationships, and self-esteem. With a client-centered approach, I create a supportive environment where you can explore your thoughts and emotions without judgement.
Welcome to a space where understanding meets healing! Hi, I am Laura, thank you for checking-out my profile. I am compassionate and dedicated therapist committed to serving clients from all walks of life. This includes fostering a warm and inclusive environment for LGBTQ+ individuals, couples and those seeking culturally sensitive therapy. My expertise spans areas such as anxiety, depression, trauma, relationships, and self-esteem. With a client-centered approach, I create a supportive environment where you can explore your thoughts and emotions without judgement.
(937) 821-8215 View (937) 821-8215
Photo of Amy J Dunham, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in 45439, OH
Amy J Dunham
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
Moraine, OH 45439
Not accepting new clients
I enjoy working with clients who are open to explore the root cause(s) of their problems or symptoms. I like to work in partnership with clients to uncover early core beliefs that no longer serve them, and that may be blocking access to live a more joyful and abundant life. I work best with relationship issues; victims of abuse; life transitions; military family conflicts; workplace stress; spirituality; grief; trauma and PTSD; anxiety; mood disorders; disordered eating and some eating disorders .
I enjoy working with clients who are open to explore the root cause(s) of their problems or symptoms. I like to work in partnership with clients to uncover early core beliefs that no longer serve them, and that may be blocking access to live a more joyful and abundant life. I work best with relationship issues; victims of abuse; life transitions; military family conflicts; workplace stress; spirituality; grief; trauma and PTSD; anxiety; mood disorders; disordered eating and some eating disorders .
(513) 657-1582 View (513) 657-1582
Photo of Fran Jerisk, Counselor in 45439, OH
Fran Jerisk
Counselor, MSEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45439
Many people find it helpful at some time in their lives to work with a counselor to explore ways of participating in life more fully. The demands of everyday life, grief, loss, or life transitions can all contribute to feelings of depression, anxiety or inadequacy. Working with a skilled counselor in a supportive, non-judgmental environment can help individuals identify and use their unique strengths to develop in areas which were previously problematic. I take a holistic view of the individual, believing that to be effective, counseling must address thoughts, feelings and behaviors.
Many people find it helpful at some time in their lives to work with a counselor to explore ways of participating in life more fully. The demands of everyday life, grief, loss, or life transitions can all contribute to feelings of depression, anxiety or inadequacy. Working with a skilled counselor in a supportive, non-judgmental environment can help individuals identify and use their unique strengths to develop in areas which were previously problematic. I take a holistic view of the individual, believing that to be effective, counseling must address thoughts, feelings and behaviors.
(937) 892-4984 View (937) 892-4984
Photo of Joshua M Thompson, Counselor in 45439, OH
Joshua M Thompson
Counselor, MSEd, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Kettering, OH 45439
—Accepting New Clients - Evening hours available— We all experience life transitions, conflicts at home and at work, the beginnings and endings of important relationships, and internal struggles that affect the way we think, feel and act. I believe as a counselor, it is my role to create a genuine and therapeutic environment to help people overcome challenges, make positive life changes, clarify decisions, relieve pain, enable growth, and so much more. Please do not hesitate to call me for a free phone consultation where I will be more than happy to answer any questions you may have.
—Accepting New Clients - Evening hours available— We all experience life transitions, conflicts at home and at work, the beginnings and endings of important relationships, and internal struggles that affect the way we think, feel and act. I believe as a counselor, it is my role to create a genuine and therapeutic environment to help people overcome challenges, make positive life changes, clarify decisions, relieve pain, enable growth, and so much more. Please do not hesitate to call me for a free phone consultation where I will be more than happy to answer any questions you may have.
(937) 688-4753 View (937) 688-4753
Photo of Karen Scott-Pine, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 45439, OH
Karen Scott-Pine
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Moraine, OH 45439
“You’ve always had the power my dear, you just had to learn to learn it for yourself”– The Wizard of Oz – Frank Baum". As a clinician, I believe that counseling is about providing youth, adults, and their families a safe, dedicated space to “Learn it for yourself”. A Licensed Independent Social Worker for 25 years, my passion for supporting youth and families through their personal journeys only continues to grow. Starting with the belief that the relationship is the basis of therapy, I will work with you, your child, and your family to develop strategies that allow you to overcome or manage your own unique situation.
“You’ve always had the power my dear, you just had to learn to learn it for yourself”– The Wizard of Oz – Frank Baum". As a clinician, I believe that counseling is about providing youth, adults, and their families a safe, dedicated space to “Learn it for yourself”. A Licensed Independent Social Worker for 25 years, my passion for supporting youth and families through their personal journeys only continues to grow. Starting with the belief that the relationship is the basis of therapy, I will work with you, your child, and your family to develop strategies that allow you to overcome or manage your own unique situation.
(937) 634-7817 View (937) 634-7817
Photo of Christopher Courtney, Licensed Professional Counselor in 45439, OH
Christopher Courtney
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS Ed, LPC
Verified Verified
Moraine, OH 45439
Hi! I'm Chris and if you are struggling with some sort of mental or emotional weight, please consider giving me a call...as a therapist I work and have worked on an individual level with a great deal with adolescents and older, dealing with events and challenges involving depression, trauma, anxiety, LGBTQIA+ issues, as well as obstacles such as low self esteem and types of neurodivergence. I enjoy working with people and helping them learn to advocate for themselves and better thrive in everyday life.
Hi! I'm Chris and if you are struggling with some sort of mental or emotional weight, please consider giving me a call...as a therapist I work and have worked on an individual level with a great deal with adolescents and older, dealing with events and challenges involving depression, trauma, anxiety, LGBTQIA+ issues, as well as obstacles such as low self esteem and types of neurodivergence. I enjoy working with people and helping them learn to advocate for themselves and better thrive in everyday life.
(937) 826-4054 View (937) 826-4054
Photo of Clearing Path's Therapeutic Services, Ltd., Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 45439, OH
Clearing Path's Therapeutic Services, Ltd.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Kettering, OH 45439
We are dedicated and professional Therapist/Counselors/Psychiatrist providing confidential services to individuals, couples, families, teens and groups. We specialize in mood disorders, substance abuse, women's issues, anger, ADHD, domestic violence, conduct disorders, PTSD, LGBT issues,and physical abuse,etc.
We are dedicated and professional Therapist/Counselors/Psychiatrist providing confidential services to individuals, couples, families, teens and groups. We specialize in mood disorders, substance abuse, women's issues, anger, ADHD, domestic violence, conduct disorders, PTSD, LGBT issues,and physical abuse,etc.
(937) 299-9060 View (937) 299-9060
Photo of Taylor Roustio, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in 45439, OH
Taylor Roustio
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LCDC II
Verified Verified
Kettering, OH 45439
Currently accepting new clients - I'm a licensed counselor and experienced life coach with personal experience in long-term recovery. I specialize in helping individuals with various addictive behaviors, including issues with video games, social media, substance use, and men's sex-related challenges. In a supportive and judgment-free space, I can assist you in your journey toward healing, self-discovery, and meaningful connections, unlocking new possibilities. Together, we can work to regain control over your life, reduce the negative consequences of addictive behaviors, and build healthier relationships for lasting positive change.
Currently accepting new clients - I'm a licensed counselor and experienced life coach with personal experience in long-term recovery. I specialize in helping individuals with various addictive behaviors, including issues with video games, social media, substance use, and men's sex-related challenges. In a supportive and judgment-free space, I can assist you in your journey toward healing, self-discovery, and meaningful connections, unlocking new possibilities. Together, we can work to regain control over your life, reduce the negative consequences of addictive behaviors, and build healthier relationships for lasting positive change.
(937) 247-4717 View (937) 247-4717
Photo of Macie Hobbs, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 45439, OH
Macie Hobbs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Moraine, OH 45439
Not accepting new clients
As a therapist, I want to empower my clients to be the best version of themselves, while also showing love and compassion for their flaws, because hey, we're all human! I utilize Cognitive-Behavior Therapy approaches, including Person-centered, Solution-Focused, Mindfulness, and Strength Based modalities. I like to use creative tools to help aide the treatment process, such as art, music, and writing. I focus on providing individual therapy, therefore I do not offer family or couples counseling.
As a therapist, I want to empower my clients to be the best version of themselves, while also showing love and compassion for their flaws, because hey, we're all human! I utilize Cognitive-Behavior Therapy approaches, including Person-centered, Solution-Focused, Mindfulness, and Strength Based modalities. I like to use creative tools to help aide the treatment process, such as art, music, and writing. I focus on providing individual therapy, therefore I do not offer family or couples counseling.
(937) 507-3740 View (937) 507-3740
Photo of Sheila R Piner, Counselor in 45439, OH
Sheila R Piner
Counselor, LPCC, NCC, ISSTD
Verified Verified
Kettering, OH 45439
Waitlist for new clients
I ascribe to an Existential/Humanistic theoretical approach to counseling. I am interested in working with the LGBTQ community, those with chronic pain problems, chronic health problems, dissociative disorders, severe and persistent mental illness, women's issues, and suicide prevention. I enjoy helping people learn to cope and assist them in finding a resolution to the difficulties they experience in life. I do not work with couples or do relationship counseling.
I ascribe to an Existential/Humanistic theoretical approach to counseling. I am interested in working with the LGBTQ community, those with chronic pain problems, chronic health problems, dissociative disorders, severe and persistent mental illness, women's issues, and suicide prevention. I enjoy helping people learn to cope and assist them in finding a resolution to the difficulties they experience in life. I do not work with couples or do relationship counseling.
(937) 469-8145 View (937) 469-8145
Photo of Meredith Lt Montgomery, Counselor in 45439, OH
Meredith Lt Montgomery
Counselor, EdD, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45439
Waitlist for new clients
I work predominantly, but not exclusively, with male clients. I have been described as pragmatic (definition: "dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations" & "the study of how context contributes to meaning.") My approach in counseling is well captured in these descriptions. We will approach things sensibly and realistically, seeking understanding, clarity, & truth. We will explore language and context to gain insight, guide decision making, and heal old wounds. We will work as partners to identify growth areas, resolve issues, set goals, & affect change.
I work predominantly, but not exclusively, with male clients. I have been described as pragmatic (definition: "dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations" & "the study of how context contributes to meaning.") My approach in counseling is well captured in these descriptions. We will approach things sensibly and realistically, seeking understanding, clarity, & truth. We will explore language and context to gain insight, guide decision making, and heal old wounds. We will work as partners to identify growth areas, resolve issues, set goals, & affect change.
(937) 790-4636 View (937) 790-4636
Photo of Raseena Jacob, Licensed Professional Counselor in 45439, OH
Raseena Jacob
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Moraine, OH 45439
Currently accepting new clients. Evening hours available. - Hello! Thanks for checking out my profile! My aim is to come alongside you as you walk through your healing journey. So many people believe that their unique needs are problems they need to “deal with” or “just suck it up.” Whatever that “it” may be, I am committed to creating a space where you feel heard and a space to address those challenges. I want to help you experience positive change and empower you with the skills needed to sustain a fulfilled way of living.
Currently accepting new clients. Evening hours available. - Hello! Thanks for checking out my profile! My aim is to come alongside you as you walk through your healing journey. So many people believe that their unique needs are problems they need to “deal with” or “just suck it up.” Whatever that “it” may be, I am committed to creating a space where you feel heard and a space to address those challenges. I want to help you experience positive change and empower you with the skills needed to sustain a fulfilled way of living.
(937) 821-5284 View (937) 821-5284
Photo of Cynthia Wilson, Counselor in 45439, OH
Cynthia Wilson
Counselor, MSEd, LPCC, EMDRIA
Verified Verified
Dayton, OH 45439
Today you might be curious about effective therapeutic experiences that enhance your wellbeing, looking for a new professional member of your personal performance team or struggling and/or frustrated with failing coping strategies and symptom management techniques. You're busy and you don't have time, energy or desire to engage a traditional long therapy process program; and if at all possible, you'd like to start right away. With so much recent change in cultural, career and relational processes; you might be noticing more difficulty in integrating, adapting and concentrating than before and hope you're not being left behind.
Today you might be curious about effective therapeutic experiences that enhance your wellbeing, looking for a new professional member of your personal performance team or struggling and/or frustrated with failing coping strategies and symptom management techniques. You're busy and you don't have time, energy or desire to engage a traditional long therapy process program; and if at all possible, you'd like to start right away. With so much recent change in cultural, career and relational processes; you might be noticing more difficulty in integrating, adapting and concentrating than before and hope you're not being left behind.
(937) 719-5087 View (937) 719-5087
Photo of Leanna Pittsenbarger, Psychologist in 45439, OH
Leanna Pittsenbarger
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Moraine, OH 45439
Dr. Pittsenbarger specializes in psychological and psychoeducational assessments in children and adults, with the goal of making the testing process as comfortable as possible and administering thorough testing batteries, providing diagnostic clarity, and creating recommendations for what to do next. Dr. Pittsenbarger utilizes a blend of psychodynamic, interpersonal, and feminist therapy in her work with her clients, while incorporating components of mindfulness and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) skills.
Dr. Pittsenbarger specializes in psychological and psychoeducational assessments in children and adults, with the goal of making the testing process as comfortable as possible and administering thorough testing batteries, providing diagnostic clarity, and creating recommendations for what to do next. Dr. Pittsenbarger utilizes a blend of psychodynamic, interpersonal, and feminist therapy in her work with her clients, while incorporating components of mindfulness and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) skills.
(937) 365-9671 View (937) 365-9671
Photo of Nate Bloss, Licensed Professional Counselor in 45439, OH
Nate Bloss
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Moraine, OH 45439
Accepting new clients in the evenings! Counseling is a partnership between the practitioner and the client to accomplish the goals set out by the client in a safe and fostering environment. It is my job to meet the client where they are and work together to progress towards the goals that they have set for themselves.
Accepting new clients in the evenings! Counseling is a partnership between the practitioner and the client to accomplish the goals set out by the client in a safe and fostering environment. It is my job to meet the client where they are and work together to progress towards the goals that they have set for themselves.
(937) 340-4037 View (937) 340-4037
Photo of David Riley, Counselor in 45439, OH
David Riley
Counselor, MA, MSEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
Moraine, OH 45439
My approach to therapy is to help you make the changes in your thinking, feeling and acting that you want to make but might not know how or are afraid to make. Through careful listening, support, and help in rethinking your problem you will come to new insights, awareness, and gain new skills that will enable you to become the person you most want to be. You may have difficulty in relationships with others, or personal issues with which you struggle. Nevertheless, you have the power and the strengths within you to change your life and find healing and health.
My approach to therapy is to help you make the changes in your thinking, feeling and acting that you want to make but might not know how or are afraid to make. Through careful listening, support, and help in rethinking your problem you will come to new insights, awareness, and gain new skills that will enable you to become the person you most want to be. You may have difficulty in relationships with others, or personal issues with which you struggle. Nevertheless, you have the power and the strengths within you to change your life and find healing and health.
(937) 755-1521 View (937) 755-1521
Photo of Clearing Path's Telehealth Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 45439, OH
Clearing Path's Telehealth Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dayton, OH 45439  (Online Only)
Thank you for considering our telehealth services for your healthcare needs. We understand that choosing the right healthcare provider is an important decision, especially when it comes to receiving services remotely and paying out-of-pocket. We want to assure you that our commitment to providing discrete and high-quality telehealth services is unwavering, and we believe that telehealth out-of-pocket services offer several key advantages for your convenience, privacy, and overall well-being.
Thank you for considering our telehealth services for your healthcare needs. We understand that choosing the right healthcare provider is an important decision, especially when it comes to receiving services remotely and paying out-of-pocket. We want to assure you that our commitment to providing discrete and high-quality telehealth services is unwavering, and we believe that telehealth out-of-pocket services offer several key advantages for your convenience, privacy, and overall well-being.
(937) 887-2724 View (937) 887-2724
Photo of Jessica Martin, Counselor in 45439, OH
Jessica Martin
Counselor, MSEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
Moraine, OH 45439
Accepting new clients. Evening hours available “There are many ways of getting strong, sometimes talking is the best way.”- Andre Agassi. Being able to express your experience is an important way to gain the insight that enables you to learn and grow. And because you know your story best, you also will know best what will and will not work for you. With that in mind, I see my role as a therapist as supporting clients in finding their personal strategies, skills, and paths that will allow them to effectively manage life challenges and stressors.
Accepting new clients. Evening hours available “There are many ways of getting strong, sometimes talking is the best way.”- Andre Agassi. Being able to express your experience is an important way to gain the insight that enables you to learn and grow. And because you know your story best, you also will know best what will and will not work for you. With that in mind, I see my role as a therapist as supporting clients in finding their personal strategies, skills, and paths that will allow them to effectively manage life challenges and stressors.
(937) 897-9041 View (937) 897-9041
Photo of Cassie Kooser, Licensed Professional Counselor in 45439, OH
Cassie Kooser
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Moraine, OH 45439
Human connection is vital to the therapeutic practice and so during therapy, I do my best to provide a safe space to explore emotions and challenges as well as providing a space that is LGBTQIA+ affirming, anti-racist and Disability Justice Oriented. While I work with clients who experience a spectrum of challenges such as anxiety, depression, and work stress, I specialize in helping clients heal from trauma using cognitive, existential, somatic and polyvagal approaches.
Human connection is vital to the therapeutic practice and so during therapy, I do my best to provide a safe space to explore emotions and challenges as well as providing a space that is LGBTQIA+ affirming, anti-racist and Disability Justice Oriented. While I work with clients who experience a spectrum of challenges such as anxiety, depression, and work stress, I specialize in helping clients heal from trauma using cognitive, existential, somatic and polyvagal approaches.
(937) 634-7665 View (937) 634-7665
Photo of Darcy L. Plunkett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 45439, OH
Darcy L. Plunkett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Moraine, OH 45439
It takes a lot of courage to do the emotional work necessary to change patterns of personality and behavior that no longer serve you and / or get in the way of having healthy relationships in your life. I provide a safe, nurturing environment to do this work so that you can live more consciously. My focus is client driven - meeting you where you are, and assisting you with authentic growth towards living an aligned and empowered life. I also have a passion in assisting people in making transitions in their lives that can feel unsettling - be it from a loss, becoming a new parent or empty nester, divorce, or making a big move.
It takes a lot of courage to do the emotional work necessary to change patterns of personality and behavior that no longer serve you and / or get in the way of having healthy relationships in your life. I provide a safe, nurturing environment to do this work so that you can live more consciously. My focus is client driven - meeting you where you are, and assisting you with authentic growth towards living an aligned and empowered life. I also have a passion in assisting people in making transitions in their lives that can feel unsettling - be it from a loss, becoming a new parent or empty nester, divorce, or making a big move.
(937) 634-7636 View (937) 634-7636

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 45439

20+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in 45439 who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
88% Self Esteem
77% Coping Skills
77% Stress
73% Trauma and PTSD
65% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% Aetna
64% Optum
55% Medicaid

How Therapists in 45439 see their clients

97% In Person and Online
3% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
24% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 45439?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.