Photo of Shannon Nisley, Licensed Professional Counselor in 95811, CA
Shannon Nisley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPCC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811  (Online Only)
I provide virtual individual therapy to adult (18+) women and enby folks of all backgrounds, orientations, expressions, and relationship/family dynamics - no topic is off limits. I aim to cultivate a compassionate and empowering space for you to explore and heal, believing laughter, joy, and creativity to be an integral part of that process. No judgement, no shame, no “fixing”, no BS.
I provide virtual individual therapy to adult (18+) women and enby folks of all backgrounds, orientations, expressions, and relationship/family dynamics - no topic is off limits. I aim to cultivate a compassionate and empowering space for you to explore and heal, believing laughter, joy, and creativity to be an integral part of that process. No judgement, no shame, no “fixing”, no BS.
(530) 853-3335 View (530) 853-3335
Photo of Michelle L Thomas, Counselor in 95811, CA
Michelle L Thomas
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811
Hi! I feel so grateful to be a therapist connecting with adult women in all phases of life. I offer a genuinely non-judgmental space for you to process emotional feelings as well as the physical feelings that may come with your emotions. I value honesty in my work and love to work with women who are ready to make some real changes. I am interactive and I am genuinely interested in moving people through their issues so that you can live up to your full potential. If you are a women who is ready to take the next step in your health I would love to get to work with you.
Hi! I feel so grateful to be a therapist connecting with adult women in all phases of life. I offer a genuinely non-judgmental space for you to process emotional feelings as well as the physical feelings that may come with your emotions. I value honesty in my work and love to work with women who are ready to make some real changes. I am interactive and I am genuinely interested in moving people through their issues so that you can live up to your full potential. If you are a women who is ready to take the next step in your health I would love to get to work with you.
(916) 619-0755 View (916) 619-0755
Photo of Joey K Yamada, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95811, CA
Joey K Yamada
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811
If you are reading this, take heart, as you've already demonstrated your courage. Many people, if not most, never seek the help they need, professionally or personally. As a therapist, my philosophy is that every person is unique in their own way, and this requires a unique solution to the challenges you face. People are incredibly complex, and many times this is why cookie cutter interventions often fall flat, because the client is not fully understood before interventions are prescribed.
If you are reading this, take heart, as you've already demonstrated your courage. Many people, if not most, never seek the help they need, professionally or personally. As a therapist, my philosophy is that every person is unique in their own way, and this requires a unique solution to the challenges you face. People are incredibly complex, and many times this is why cookie cutter interventions often fall flat, because the client is not fully understood before interventions are prescribed.
(916) 602-4690 View (916) 602-4690
Photo of Tamer Mostafa, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 95811, CA
Tamer Mostafa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811  (Online Only)
Welcome! My name is Tamer, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with nearly 10 years of experience in disability rights, substance use recovery, community health, and LGBTQIA+ centered care. I believe in person-centered approaches to understand the role that stories play in shaping our everyday lives. My work draws from Narrative therapy, which allows us to deconstruct how these stories show up in the context of anxiety, stress, depression, and trauma. Together, we will harness your ideas, skills, beliefs, and experiences to reclaim the story you want to live.
Welcome! My name is Tamer, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with nearly 10 years of experience in disability rights, substance use recovery, community health, and LGBTQIA+ centered care. I believe in person-centered approaches to understand the role that stories play in shaping our everyday lives. My work draws from Narrative therapy, which allows us to deconstruct how these stories show up in the context of anxiety, stress, depression, and trauma. Together, we will harness your ideas, skills, beliefs, and experiences to reclaim the story you want to live.
(916) 634-0889 View (916) 634-0889
Photo of Skylar Callum Rossy, Pre-Licensed Professional in 95811, CA
Skylar Callum Rossy
Pre-Licensed Professional, ACSW, PPSC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811
Waitlist for new clients
Hello everyone! My name is Skylar Rossy (pronouns: he/him/his) and I’m an Associate Clinical Social Worker with Seeds of Growth Counseling. My goal is to support you with self-empowerment and growth as we navigate difficult emotions and life stressors together.
Hello everyone! My name is Skylar Rossy (pronouns: he/him/his) and I’m an Associate Clinical Social Worker with Seeds of Growth Counseling. My goal is to support you with self-empowerment and growth as we navigate difficult emotions and life stressors together.
(916) 378-7230 View (916) 378-7230
Photo of Deborah Kjeldsen, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95811, CA
Deborah Kjeldsen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811
Are you a new parent? Are you feeling anxious, isolated, sad, or irritable? Motherhood not what you expected and feeling overwhelmed? You may also be struggling with infertility and grieving the loss of your dream of motherhood. Whether you have experienced a pregnancy loss or are facing an uncertain pregnancy, or finding it difficult to prioritize self-care while raising kids, I am here to help. I offer counseling for residents in California who are dealing with perinatal or postpartum depression, anxiety, grief/loss, birth trauma/PTSD, and the challenges of early parenthood.
Are you a new parent? Are you feeling anxious, isolated, sad, or irritable? Motherhood not what you expected and feeling overwhelmed? You may also be struggling with infertility and grieving the loss of your dream of motherhood. Whether you have experienced a pregnancy loss or are facing an uncertain pregnancy, or finding it difficult to prioritize self-care while raising kids, I am here to help. I offer counseling for residents in California who are dealing with perinatal or postpartum depression, anxiety, grief/loss, birth trauma/PTSD, and the challenges of early parenthood.
(628) 203-1108 View (628) 203-1108
Photo of Elisa Louizos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 95811, CA
Elisa Louizos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811
I imagine you're here because you feel like something needs to change. It's reassuring to know it's never too late to ignite curiosity about what's happening, develop closer, healthier family connections, and learn to assert yourself more successfully as a parent. It takes courage to let go of what's limiting you to make room for a happier life. I can support you and your child(ren) through this process by identifying, understanding, and reworking ineffective patterns and building new skills to reduce conflict and create a better life for your family.
I imagine you're here because you feel like something needs to change. It's reassuring to know it's never too late to ignite curiosity about what's happening, develop closer, healthier family connections, and learn to assert yourself more successfully as a parent. It takes courage to let go of what's limiting you to make room for a happier life. I can support you and your child(ren) through this process by identifying, understanding, and reworking ineffective patterns and building new skills to reduce conflict and create a better life for your family.
(916) 884-6156 View (916) 884-6156
Photo of Steve Mackey, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95811, CA
Steve Mackey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811
Are you facing emotional difficulties and don't know what the problem is really about or what to do about it? You want your life to be different, but you're not sure if you should change your circumstances, reinvent yourself, improve a skill, stop or start a habit, make better decisions, or eliminate distressing emotional patterns. It can all seem daunting and overwhelming. When your efforts to find answers haven't succeeded, competent, and caring therapeutic guidance can facilitate your own natural problem-solving and mind-body healing capacities to bring resolution to your challenges, and confidence and comfort to your life.
Are you facing emotional difficulties and don't know what the problem is really about or what to do about it? You want your life to be different, but you're not sure if you should change your circumstances, reinvent yourself, improve a skill, stop or start a habit, make better decisions, or eliminate distressing emotional patterns. It can all seem daunting and overwhelming. When your efforts to find answers haven't succeeded, competent, and caring therapeutic guidance can facilitate your own natural problem-solving and mind-body healing capacities to bring resolution to your challenges, and confidence and comfort to your life.
(916) 299-8160 View (916) 299-8160
Photo of Medina Milan Allen, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in 95811, CA
Medina Milan Allen
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811
Each day we awake, you have another chance at life. Of course, you can't control into what family you're born, your ethnicity, or your physical attributes; changing your past is beyond your control, too. However, you DO have control over how you respond to your past, and you CAN change the way you think and behave. Understanding yourself, how to approach relationships, and how to cope with life's challenges can be difficult especially if you're unsure of where to begin. I can meet you where you are and support you with empathy and unconditional positive regard. With collaboration, we can work together to help you meet your goals.
Each day we awake, you have another chance at life. Of course, you can't control into what family you're born, your ethnicity, or your physical attributes; changing your past is beyond your control, too. However, you DO have control over how you respond to your past, and you CAN change the way you think and behave. Understanding yourself, how to approach relationships, and how to cope with life's challenges can be difficult especially if you're unsure of where to begin. I can meet you where you are and support you with empathy and unconditional positive regard. With collaboration, we can work together to help you meet your goals.
(916) 796-4685 View (916) 796-4685
Photo of Sacramento Transformation Center , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 95811, CA
Sacramento Transformation Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCM
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811
I have been a practicing LCSW for 20 years. I believe that people can change for the better at any time in their lives. Our daily responsibilities often get in the way of us prioritizing our mental health, however there is no better time than now to start your growth journey. I am here to help you. I am very open minded and non judgmental. You can tell me anything and be assured that I will listen with compassion. I worked in healthcare most of my career and specialize in end of life, caregiver compassion fatigue and adjustment issues related to managing chronic illnesses. I also work with tweens, teens and adults of all ages.
I have been a practicing LCSW for 20 years. I believe that people can change for the better at any time in their lives. Our daily responsibilities often get in the way of us prioritizing our mental health, however there is no better time than now to start your growth journey. I am here to help you. I am very open minded and non judgmental. You can tell me anything and be assured that I will listen with compassion. I worked in healthcare most of my career and specialize in end of life, caregiver compassion fatigue and adjustment issues related to managing chronic illnesses. I also work with tweens, teens and adults of all ages.
(530) 454-8348 View (530) 454-8348
Photo of Colleen Cotter, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95811, CA
Colleen Cotter
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811
Clients that find me usually feel that trauma has informed or altered their life in some way. Or they face personal or relational distress. I meet each client with their unique challenges and life experiences and offer a place to explore what you are needing in therapy. My ideal client wants to understand and grow to their full potential and I am here as a guide to offer tools, options, a place to process your emotions and/or trauma. Adults that have been through child abuse, mental illness in family, addiction, sexual abuse, relationship distress, anxiety and depression.
Clients that find me usually feel that trauma has informed or altered their life in some way. Or they face personal or relational distress. I meet each client with their unique challenges and life experiences and offer a place to explore what you are needing in therapy. My ideal client wants to understand and grow to their full potential and I am here as a guide to offer tools, options, a place to process your emotions and/or trauma. Adults that have been through child abuse, mental illness in family, addiction, sexual abuse, relationship distress, anxiety and depression.
(916) 237-9292 View (916) 237-9292
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology, Psychologist in 95811, CA
Silver Lake Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(916) 237-9399 View (916) 237-9399
Photo of Questella C. Alfred, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 95811, CA
Questella C. Alfred
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811  (Online Only)
My practice is grounded in the belief that we all have a deep desire and fundamental need to connect — with ourselves and with others. My practice melds: my collaborative approach + affirming, nonjudgmental, humorous and directive style + lived experiences as a West Indian, first-gen, queer, womxn + a trauma/somatic/relational focus and Afrocentric perspectives to curate a transformative process that allows you and/or your partners to experience: connection—healing—liberation.
My practice is grounded in the belief that we all have a deep desire and fundamental need to connect — with ourselves and with others. My practice melds: my collaborative approach + affirming, nonjudgmental, humorous and directive style + lived experiences as a West Indian, first-gen, queer, womxn + a trauma/somatic/relational focus and Afrocentric perspectives to curate a transformative process that allows you and/or your partners to experience: connection—healing—liberation.
(916) 999-7897 View (916) 999-7897
Photo of Tracy Collins Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95811, CA
Tracy Collins Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm Tracy! I specialize in working with adults who experience anxiety and depression. When you are feeling anxious, it often means that you are spending too much time in the future going down rabbit holes and playing the What If game. When you are feeling depressed, it often means you are spending too much time in the past filled with regret and grief. I am here to help with all of that.
Hi! I'm Tracy! I specialize in working with adults who experience anxiety and depression. When you are feeling anxious, it often means that you are spending too much time in the future going down rabbit holes and playing the What If game. When you are feeling depressed, it often means you are spending too much time in the past filled with regret and grief. I am here to help with all of that.
(279) 201-6334 View (279) 201-6334
Photo of Katelyn E Bailey, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95811, CA
Katelyn E Bailey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811  (Online Only)
Are you feeling stuck in repetitive cycles that you just can't seem to break free from? Are you feeling bad about yourself? More anxious or depressed than usual? Is it starting to affect your family, friends or your partner? I know it can be frustrating but there is hope. I will help you examine old patterns of thinking and behaving that are holding you back. I will help you find new strategies, learn and practice new skills, explore new ways of thinking, and release unexpressed emotions, so that you can begin to experience real change, more joy, greater confidence and more satisfying relationships.
Are you feeling stuck in repetitive cycles that you just can't seem to break free from? Are you feeling bad about yourself? More anxious or depressed than usual? Is it starting to affect your family, friends or your partner? I know it can be frustrating but there is hope. I will help you examine old patterns of thinking and behaving that are holding you back. I will help you find new strategies, learn and practice new skills, explore new ways of thinking, and release unexpressed emotions, so that you can begin to experience real change, more joy, greater confidence and more satisfying relationships.
(859) 295-7254 View (859) 295-7254
Photo of Lupe Rodriguez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 95811, CA
Lupe Rodriguez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811
Are you looking for a positive change and feel like your current path is no longer serving you? Are you numbing your emotions by engaging in uhealthy relationships with people, substances, food, shopping, gambling, screen time, etc? Then, I am grateful that our paths have crossed. Together, we can work towards attainment of greater balance and fulfillment through the healing of your whole self. You will find my approach to be facilitative rather than coercive and see that I aim to reinforce positive change in your life, no matter how small or incremental that change may be.
Are you looking for a positive change and feel like your current path is no longer serving you? Are you numbing your emotions by engaging in uhealthy relationships with people, substances, food, shopping, gambling, screen time, etc? Then, I am grateful that our paths have crossed. Together, we can work towards attainment of greater balance and fulfillment through the healing of your whole self. You will find my approach to be facilitative rather than coercive and see that I aim to reinforce positive change in your life, no matter how small or incremental that change may be.
(916) 764-3868 View (916) 764-3868
Photo of Ivonne M. Mejía, Psychologist in 95811, CA
Ivonne M. Mejía
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811
On the surface, the world sees you as the one who ‘always has it together’ - but on the inside, you’re starting to feel like you’re falling apart. You feel like you're working overtime to push down those uncomfortable feelings (you know, the ones that have always been lurking in the background) - except no matter how hard you try, you’re finding yourself more anxious, ungrounded, and on edge than ever before. You want your body to feel more at ease. You want to feel more connected (to yourself, to others). You want to see (and trust) what others see. But, you’re just not sure how.
On the surface, the world sees you as the one who ‘always has it together’ - but on the inside, you’re starting to feel like you’re falling apart. You feel like you're working overtime to push down those uncomfortable feelings (you know, the ones that have always been lurking in the background) - except no matter how hard you try, you’re finding yourself more anxious, ungrounded, and on edge than ever before. You want your body to feel more at ease. You want to feel more connected (to yourself, to others). You want to see (and trust) what others see. But, you’re just not sure how.
(916) 542-6319 View (916) 542-6319
Photo of Kris Johnson, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95811, CA
Kris Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811  (Online Only)
I'm a Certified IFS Therapist. I do individual work with adults and older teens who are committed to their growth. I'm open minded, playful and I take your concerns sincerely. I enjoy working with people, particularly those coping with trauma, health issues, LGBTQ related struggles, educational issues, neurodivergence, anxiety, and inattention. If you are interested in breaking through old patterns: Let me help. All are welcome.
I'm a Certified IFS Therapist. I do individual work with adults and older teens who are committed to their growth. I'm open minded, playful and I take your concerns sincerely. I enjoy working with people, particularly those coping with trauma, health issues, LGBTQ related struggles, educational issues, neurodivergence, anxiety, and inattention. If you are interested in breaking through old patterns: Let me help. All are welcome.
(530) 282-1929 View (530) 282-1929
Photo of Stephanie Espinoza, Pre-Licensed Professional in 95811, CA
Stephanie Espinoza
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811
Wherever you may be in life, my goal is to provide you with a safe, non-judgmental, and inclusive space to explore, learn, process, heal, and thrive. I'll help you accept yourself as you are. Be messy, complicated, worried, angry, and show up anyway! I'll help you find the space that feels most comfortable to you no matter what you've been through. We'll clarify your goals and values and look toward a new perspective and healthy narrative, so you can nurture the feelings that are aligned with your well-being and not those that keep you stuck. With commitment and focus, you'll get to a deeper sense of self-compassion and fulfillment.
Wherever you may be in life, my goal is to provide you with a safe, non-judgmental, and inclusive space to explore, learn, process, heal, and thrive. I'll help you accept yourself as you are. Be messy, complicated, worried, angry, and show up anyway! I'll help you find the space that feels most comfortable to you no matter what you've been through. We'll clarify your goals and values and look toward a new perspective and healthy narrative, so you can nurture the feelings that are aligned with your well-being and not those that keep you stuck. With commitment and focus, you'll get to a deeper sense of self-compassion and fulfillment.
(916) 894-8475 View (916) 894-8475
Photo of Rachel Haufe, Marriage & Family Therapist in 95811, CA
Rachel Haufe
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95811
Waitlist for new clients
Are you feeling anxious and overwhelmed? Do you struggle with codependency in your relationships? My clients come feeling weighed down and burnt out but are dedicated to doing the work to feel better.
Are you feeling anxious and overwhelmed? Do you struggle with codependency in your relationships? My clients come feeling weighed down and burnt out but are dedicated to doing the work to feel better.
(916) 295-6741 View (916) 295-6741

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 95811

100+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in 95811 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
84% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
68% Life Transitions
65% Grief

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aetna
56% Cigna and Evernorth
50% MHN | Health Net

How Therapists in 95811 see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
16% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 95811?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.