Therapists in Phoenix, AZ

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Photo of Istvan Dioszegi, LPC Intern in Phoenix, AZ
Istvan Dioszegi
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85028
Painful experiences often lead us to put up defenses to prevent from falling into overwhelming emotions. These defenses might be perfectionism, escapism, anger towards those close to us, or entering into unhealthy relationships. However doing so disconnects us from ourselves and from the people around us often resulting in experiences of loneliness, shame, anxiety, and depression.
Painful experiences often lead us to put up defenses to prevent from falling into overwhelming emotions. These defenses might be perfectionism, escapism, anger towards those close to us, or entering into unhealthy relationships. However doing so disconnects us from ourselves and from the people around us often resulting in experiences of loneliness, shame, anxiety, and depression.
(602) 962-2392 View (602) 962-2392
Photo of Marylynn Ellsworth, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Marylynn Ellsworth
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSPC, LPC, CTSS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85050
Waitlist for new clients
I have been working with clients who have had trauma throughout their life. Their symptoms are anxiety, depression, panic attacks, negative self-talk, rumination, and unhealthy relations. We work on establishing where these thoughts, ideas, and behaviors stem from and how to make healthy changes in every area of their lives. I focus on their chosen words and the negative self-talk perpetuating these symptoms.
I have been working with clients who have had trauma throughout their life. Their symptoms are anxiety, depression, panic attacks, negative self-talk, rumination, and unhealthy relations. We work on establishing where these thoughts, ideas, and behaviors stem from and how to make healthy changes in every area of their lives. I focus on their chosen words and the negative self-talk perpetuating these symptoms.
(623) 300-1003 View (623) 300-1003
Photo of Heather Young, Psychologist in Phoenix, AZ
Heather Young
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85032
I work with individual adults (18+) managing a variety of issues, including trauma and PTSD, spiritual/existential issues and concerns, creative blocks, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, adjustment disorders, and career/life path development.
I work with individual adults (18+) managing a variety of issues, including trauma and PTSD, spiritual/existential issues and concerns, creative blocks, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, adjustment disorders, and career/life path development.
(602) 755-3476 View (602) 755-3476
Photo of Genaro Huerta, Psychologist in Phoenix, AZ
Genaro Huerta
Psychologist, PsyD, PSYPACT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85044
Our mission at Coral Valley is to support you through the ups, downs, and in-betweens of life through the provision of evidence-based, culturally curious psychological interventions within the frame of an empathic, therapeutic relationship—in English, Spanish, or both. Coral Valley Clinicians strive to offer a therapeutic "holding environment" in which we truly hear, not just what you say, but also what you may struggle to convey. We incorporate relational, person-centered, cognitive behavioral, mindfulness-based, and other evidence-based interventions.
Our mission at Coral Valley is to support you through the ups, downs, and in-betweens of life through the provision of evidence-based, culturally curious psychological interventions within the frame of an empathic, therapeutic relationship—in English, Spanish, or both. Coral Valley Clinicians strive to offer a therapeutic "holding environment" in which we truly hear, not just what you say, but also what you may struggle to convey. We incorporate relational, person-centered, cognitive behavioral, mindfulness-based, and other evidence-based interventions.
(520) 502-5975 View (520) 502-5975
Photo of Micaela Miller, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Micaela Miller
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85028
Not accepting new clients
Whether the needs are behavioral, relationship based, or trauma related her mission is to provide a safe environment and support mental health wellness. Micaela will discuss your unique needs and goals to develop a smart, supportive plan towards success. Every client wants to be heard and meet achievements. Micaela's desire for therapeutic partnership paired with experience can provide the balance needed to facilitate growth and meeting desired goals.
Whether the needs are behavioral, relationship based, or trauma related her mission is to provide a safe environment and support mental health wellness. Micaela will discuss your unique needs and goals to develop a smart, supportive plan towards success. Every client wants to be heard and meet achievements. Micaela's desire for therapeutic partnership paired with experience can provide the balance needed to facilitate growth and meeting desired goals.
(602) 536-4876 View (602) 536-4876
Photo of Ina E Hilgers, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Ina E Hilgers
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85016
I am a Behavioral Health Psychologist and LPC, that works with adults, adolescents, and children that have experienced trauma. Sometimes, our traumatic experiences can leave a wound that interferes with our ability to connect with ourselves, others, and the world. Often, we can feel incredibly isolated and misunderstood in our pain. Working with trauma includes building safety with the person, providing warmth and stability in the environment, and consistency in their treatment. While you may feel like there is no hope, there are gentle and effective ways, that we can work together to find, that will support your healing.
I am a Behavioral Health Psychologist and LPC, that works with adults, adolescents, and children that have experienced trauma. Sometimes, our traumatic experiences can leave a wound that interferes with our ability to connect with ourselves, others, and the world. Often, we can feel incredibly isolated and misunderstood in our pain. Working with trauma includes building safety with the person, providing warmth and stability in the environment, and consistency in their treatment. While you may feel like there is no hope, there are gentle and effective ways, that we can work together to find, that will support your healing.
(480) 531-6611 View (480) 531-6611
Photo of Shelly Marie Spencer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Shelly Marie Spencer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85050  (Online Only)
I am licensed in California and Arizona. Let's talk... I believe that life challenges, such as relationship issues, communication problems, anxiety, and depression can be managed and overcome. There is hope ! There are answers ! You can experience happiness in your life, again ! My background as a therapist includes working with adults and adolescents who are experiencing crisis in their lives due to past and/or present circumstances. Life transitions, PTSD, bullying, self-harm, grief, unresolved relationship issues, divorce, addiction, and/or mental illness can trigger irrational thinking, negative emotions, and harmful behaviors.
I am licensed in California and Arizona. Let's talk... I believe that life challenges, such as relationship issues, communication problems, anxiety, and depression can be managed and overcome. There is hope ! There are answers ! You can experience happiness in your life, again ! My background as a therapist includes working with adults and adolescents who are experiencing crisis in their lives due to past and/or present circumstances. Life transitions, PTSD, bullying, self-harm, grief, unresolved relationship issues, divorce, addiction, and/or mental illness can trigger irrational thinking, negative emotions, and harmful behaviors.
(480) 896-5200 View (480) 896-5200
Photo of Gail Brown, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Gail Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85037
Currently taking new clients, virtual only. I am dedicated, compassionate and committed to the betterment of those I serve. It is my goal to impact each individual positively while I help them first, identify challenges and barriers to happiness and a good quality of life and second, to overcome them. Through the use of therapy modalities such as EMDR, CBT, DBT, Mindfulness, psychotherapy and psychoeducation, as well as other evidence-based practices, I have been successful at helping countless adolescents and adults achieve therapy goals. Thank you for viewing me, I look forward to meeting you and working with you.
Currently taking new clients, virtual only. I am dedicated, compassionate and committed to the betterment of those I serve. It is my goal to impact each individual positively while I help them first, identify challenges and barriers to happiness and a good quality of life and second, to overcome them. Through the use of therapy modalities such as EMDR, CBT, DBT, Mindfulness, psychotherapy and psychoeducation, as well as other evidence-based practices, I have been successful at helping countless adolescents and adults achieve therapy goals. Thank you for viewing me, I look forward to meeting you and working with you.
(623) 209-5235 View (623) 209-5235
Photo of Cayla Gensler, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Cayla Gensler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSc, LPC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85028
Waitlist for new clients
“It’s just not working. Maybe we aren’t meant to be. It shouldn’t be this hard. I just need my space. Nothing I do is ever good enough. I feel like we’re just roommates." These are some of the statements that bring us to our knees in relationships, and hopefully get us in the door to therapy. As humans, we are biologically wired to connect with others. Since conception, we have some level of dependency that our society just expects us to “grow out of” as we age. While in reality, we need a secure relationship with another to feel comfortable enough to take necessary risks in our individual lives.
“It’s just not working. Maybe we aren’t meant to be. It shouldn’t be this hard. I just need my space. Nothing I do is ever good enough. I feel like we’re just roommates." These are some of the statements that bring us to our knees in relationships, and hopefully get us in the door to therapy. As humans, we are biologically wired to connect with others. Since conception, we have some level of dependency that our society just expects us to “grow out of” as we age. While in reality, we need a secure relationship with another to feel comfortable enough to take necessary risks in our individual lives.
(928) 756-0151 View (928) 756-0151
Photo of Nicole Crist, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Nicole Crist
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85013
I'm passionate about helping individuals to discover their authentic selves and align with their core values. If you're grappling with emotional uncertainty or finding it difficult to connect with your feelings, therapy offers a transformative path forward. Through our collaborative efforts, we can reignite your sense of self and purpose, restoring joy to your life. By prioritizing self-care and allowing yourself the time to heal, the potential for growth is boundless. I'm here to provide support and accountability as you pursue your goals.
I'm passionate about helping individuals to discover their authentic selves and align with their core values. If you're grappling with emotional uncertainty or finding it difficult to connect with your feelings, therapy offers a transformative path forward. Through our collaborative efforts, we can reignite your sense of self and purpose, restoring joy to your life. By prioritizing self-care and allowing yourself the time to heal, the potential for growth is boundless. I'm here to provide support and accountability as you pursue your goals.
(602) 932-2762 View (602) 932-2762
Photo of Kelli McLellan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Kelli McLellan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85018
Life’s obstacles affect everyone, but no one has to face them alone. Whether you need guidance or simply someone to listen to you, I am here to provide the support that will help you on your journey toward personal growth and well-being.
Life’s obstacles affect everyone, but no one has to face them alone. Whether you need guidance or simply someone to listen to you, I am here to provide the support that will help you on your journey toward personal growth and well-being.
(623) 286-3412 View (623) 286-3412
Photo of Kevin Dalton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Kevin Dalton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85048
Waitlist for new clients
In therapy we learn to address problems we've been avoiding because they cause us pain or discomfort. For many, avoiding problems has become a problem in itself. You may experience issues with personal productivity, mood, traumatic memories, substance use, or social anxiety. These concerns can be distressing, but they are all manageable with the right skills. A great therapist, Carl Rogers, said “The curious paradox is that when I accept myself, just as I am, then I can change.” Therapy can help you learn skills to get this process of self-acceptance and positive change started.
In therapy we learn to address problems we've been avoiding because they cause us pain or discomfort. For many, avoiding problems has become a problem in itself. You may experience issues with personal productivity, mood, traumatic memories, substance use, or social anxiety. These concerns can be distressing, but they are all manageable with the right skills. A great therapist, Carl Rogers, said “The curious paradox is that when I accept myself, just as I am, then I can change.” Therapy can help you learn skills to get this process of self-acceptance and positive change started.
(480) 841-9101 View (480) 841-9101
Photo of Jordin Bourque, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Jordin Bourque
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85051  (Online Only)
Life often presents us with difficult challenges, causing stress and discomfort. These are not things you have to navigate alone. In my practice I work to create a compassionate and collaborative environment with you to promote healing. I specialize in working with young adults and adults to address anxiety, trauma, life transitions, depression, and relational difficulties.
Life often presents us with difficult challenges, causing stress and discomfort. These are not things you have to navigate alone. In my practice I work to create a compassionate and collaborative environment with you to promote healing. I specialize in working with young adults and adults to address anxiety, trauma, life transitions, depression, and relational difficulties.
(602) 641-3990 View (602) 641-3990
Photo of Morgan Musick, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Morgan Musick
Counselor, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85016
Hi! My name is Morgan, I hold a Master's of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Grand Canyon University, am a Licensed Associate Counselor (LAC) and a certified Sex-Offender Treatment provider for both adult and juvenile populations. I strive to empower clients to progress towards their goals, and am passionate about providing client-centered care tailored to the needs of the individual while cultivating a safe therapeutic environment. While I love serving a wide variety of populations. As a queer individual, I am very passionate about serving the LGBTQ+ community and addressing LGBTQ+ issues in therapy.
Hi! My name is Morgan, I hold a Master's of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Grand Canyon University, am a Licensed Associate Counselor (LAC) and a certified Sex-Offender Treatment provider for both adult and juvenile populations. I strive to empower clients to progress towards their goals, and am passionate about providing client-centered care tailored to the needs of the individual while cultivating a safe therapeutic environment. While I love serving a wide variety of populations. As a queer individual, I am very passionate about serving the LGBTQ+ community and addressing LGBTQ+ issues in therapy.
(602) 962-7539 View (602) 962-7539
Photo of Alexandra Trusty, Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Alexandra Trusty
Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85041
I believe that we all have the capacity for healing within ourselves. I specialize in working with children, adolescents, young adults, and caregivers. My goal is to instill hope and healing for clients presenting with concerns related to post-traumatic stress, attachment, anxiety, grief/loss, depression, disruptive behaviors, social skills, parenting, and/or relational distress.
I believe that we all have the capacity for healing within ourselves. I specialize in working with children, adolescents, young adults, and caregivers. My goal is to instill hope and healing for clients presenting with concerns related to post-traumatic stress, attachment, anxiety, grief/loss, depression, disruptive behaviors, social skills, parenting, and/or relational distress.
(480) 637-3413 View (480) 637-3413
Photo of Anne Douglas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Anne Douglas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAPC, LPC, LASAC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85028
Not accepting new clients
Do you feel a sense that you are dragging around your past or that something is "missing" in your life? Did you experience past childhood trauma and are struggling with safety and connection in your interpersonal relationships? Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, anger outbursts, stress, or issues with addiction? Maybe you are feeling numb and just going through the motions trying to survive? I have a passion and drive for helping people become more of their authentic selves and experience a better quality of life.
Do you feel a sense that you are dragging around your past or that something is "missing" in your life? Did you experience past childhood trauma and are struggling with safety and connection in your interpersonal relationships? Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, anger outbursts, stress, or issues with addiction? Maybe you are feeling numb and just going through the motions trying to survive? I have a passion and drive for helping people become more of their authentic selves and experience a better quality of life.
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Photo of Bonnie Fenoff, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Bonnie Fenoff
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85027
I am a seasoned therapist with over a decade of experience helping individuals, and couples, cope with things that have happened to them beyond their control. People work with me when they have experienced an event, or time in their life, that is keeping them stuck and impacting other areas of their life. My passion is working with Trauma (both acute and complex), PTSD, Sexual Abuse, Domestic Violence, and Family Abuse. Feeling broken, hurt, guilty, embarrassed, or afraid can be so heavy to carry around. We can stop the triggers, the new fears, reduce shame, and get back in touch with the good parts of what life was like 'before'.
I am a seasoned therapist with over a decade of experience helping individuals, and couples, cope with things that have happened to them beyond their control. People work with me when they have experienced an event, or time in their life, that is keeping them stuck and impacting other areas of their life. My passion is working with Trauma (both acute and complex), PTSD, Sexual Abuse, Domestic Violence, and Family Abuse. Feeling broken, hurt, guilty, embarrassed, or afraid can be so heavy to carry around. We can stop the triggers, the new fears, reduce shame, and get back in touch with the good parts of what life was like 'before'.
(623) 288-0421 View (623) 288-0421
Photo of Douglas Murphy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
Douglas Murphy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC , LPC, PLLC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85003
Waitlist for new clients
Are you struggling with stress, anxiety or depression, accepting or understanding your identity, needing change, or wanting to get past personal trauma? If so, you are not alone. In life we all deal with challenges that are difficult to handle, especially on our own. I am a trained, independently licensed professional who is here to help you though the storm. In my over ten years of experience I have developed a client centered approach to therapy that builds on your personal strengths, insights, and understanding to help you move towards what you envision for yourself and your life. Change can be difficult, but change is possible.
Are you struggling with stress, anxiety or depression, accepting or understanding your identity, needing change, or wanting to get past personal trauma? If so, you are not alone. In life we all deal with challenges that are difficult to handle, especially on our own. I am a trained, independently licensed professional who is here to help you though the storm. In my over ten years of experience I have developed a client centered approach to therapy that builds on your personal strengths, insights, and understanding to help you move towards what you envision for yourself and your life. Change can be difficult, but change is possible.
(480) 470-7548 View (480) 470-7548
Photo of ABRA Health “Dr. Gadson”, Licensed Professional Counselor in Phoenix, AZ
ABRA Health “Dr. Gadson”
Licensed Professional Counselor, DBH, LPC, MPC, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85034
I’m a Bilingual “Spanish and English” African American/Black Psychological Therapist with a Doctorate Degree. I work with all client ages, backgrounds, and behavioral needs. With an in-depth understanding of psychological disorders, treatment techniques, diagnosis, interventions, and referrals. This includes performing assessment and psychological testing with multiple disciplinary teams in Primary Care, Integrated Care and mental health settings. I provide solution to problems by using client’s strengths to combat challenges. I integrate the role of the mind, body, and spirit in therapy.
I’m a Bilingual “Spanish and English” African American/Black Psychological Therapist with a Doctorate Degree. I work with all client ages, backgrounds, and behavioral needs. With an in-depth understanding of psychological disorders, treatment techniques, diagnosis, interventions, and referrals. This includes performing assessment and psychological testing with multiple disciplinary teams in Primary Care, Integrated Care and mental health settings. I provide solution to problems by using client’s strengths to combat challenges. I integrate the role of the mind, body, and spirit in therapy.
(602) 671-0119 View (602) 671-0119
Photo of Lavoyche Phelps, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Phoenix, AZ
Lavoyche Phelps
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85044
Well hello there , my name is Lavoyche, and I am a licensed clinical social worker. We all have experienced trauma in some form of fashion, which can render us hopeless and helpless. You may experience depression, anxiety, self harm, and suicidal ideations that overwhelm your life. We often become prisoners in our own prison unable to realize that we hold the keys to release us from that prison. I will help you identify tools to move forward from your past trauma, how to take back your life, and live freely .
Well hello there , my name is Lavoyche, and I am a licensed clinical social worker. We all have experienced trauma in some form of fashion, which can render us hopeless and helpless. You may experience depression, anxiety, self harm, and suicidal ideations that overwhelm your life. We often become prisoners in our own prison unable to realize that we hold the keys to release us from that prison. I will help you identify tools to move forward from your past trauma, how to take back your life, and live freely .
(520) 210-5410 View (520) 210-5410

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Phoenix, AZ

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Phoenix, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
84% Depression
76% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues
75% Trauma and PTSD
70% Stress
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Aetna
67% BlueCross and BlueShield
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Phoenix, AZ see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Phoenix?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.