Therapists in Asheville, NC

Photo of Brittany Soltani, Occupational Therapist in Asheville, NC
Brittany Soltani
Occupational Therapist, OTR/L, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28803
Are you seeking a more hands-on, how-to, and solutions-based type of therapy? Are you trying to navigate challenges related to executive functioning, sensory processing, or just feeling burned out by all the demands of daily life? As an Occupational Therapist specializing in mental health and neurodiversity, I help people develop concrete strategies for the 'doing of life.'
Are you seeking a more hands-on, how-to, and solutions-based type of therapy? Are you trying to navigate challenges related to executive functioning, sensory processing, or just feeling burned out by all the demands of daily life? As an Occupational Therapist specializing in mental health and neurodiversity, I help people develop concrete strategies for the 'doing of life.'
(828) 546-5050 View (828) 546-5050
Photo of Selina Kelly, Licensed Professional Counselor in Asheville, NC
Selina Kelly
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LCHMC, LCASA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28805
Waitlist for new clients
You’re scrolling around looking for a therapist who “gets it”. While you appear to have it all together from the outside, you have this nagging feeling that something in your life isn't working. At one point you were confident and strong, but today you feel worn down by your relationships, work, or overwhelming responsibilities. Maybe your upbringing has kept you feeling small, unsure of who you are and what you want out of life. You want support stepping more fully into your cultural, sexual, or ADHDer identities. You want a therapist who understands the nuance and code-switching it takes to navigate this world.
You’re scrolling around looking for a therapist who “gets it”. While you appear to have it all together from the outside, you have this nagging feeling that something in your life isn't working. At one point you were confident and strong, but today you feel worn down by your relationships, work, or overwhelming responsibilities. Maybe your upbringing has kept you feeling small, unsure of who you are and what you want out of life. You want support stepping more fully into your cultural, sexual, or ADHDer identities. You want a therapist who understands the nuance and code-switching it takes to navigate this world.
(828) 332-5898 View (828) 332-5898
Arness Krause
Pre-Licensed Professional, LCSWA
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
We all come to therapy to improve our quality of life. I appreciate working with indivudals and couples that are motivated for change and insight. I have experience working with Veterans and really enjoy managing with the stressors of deployment. I also appreciate the struggle of transitioning back to civillian life and creating a new sense of balance. Being from a military family myself really helps me to understand the nuances of this process. There are so many challenges we face as humans, and I am ready to help those who show up with a desire to create a life worth living.
We all come to therapy to improve our quality of life. I appreciate working with indivudals and couples that are motivated for change and insight. I have experience working with Veterans and really enjoy managing with the stressors of deployment. I also appreciate the struggle of transitioning back to civillian life and creating a new sense of balance. Being from a military family myself really helps me to understand the nuances of this process. There are so many challenges we face as humans, and I am ready to help those who show up with a desire to create a life worth living.
(828) 845-8230 View (828) 845-8230
Photo of Elaine Roche, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Elaine Roche
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28803
When you or your adolescent have an eating disorder it impacts almost every moment. Hopelessness, insecurity, frustration, anxiety, and grief become a part of every day. I work with people in various stages of eating disorder recovery- from the newbies to those wanting to maintain their progress. As one of only two clinicians in Asheville trained in best practices for adolescents, I am able to help clients and families using the latest research and make impacts that have lasting change. My adult clients are motivated. They've had enough of their life ruined by this condition and are done with suffering, they just need a path out.
When you or your adolescent have an eating disorder it impacts almost every moment. Hopelessness, insecurity, frustration, anxiety, and grief become a part of every day. I work with people in various stages of eating disorder recovery- from the newbies to those wanting to maintain their progress. As one of only two clinicians in Asheville trained in best practices for adolescents, I am able to help clients and families using the latest research and make impacts that have lasting change. My adult clients are motivated. They've had enough of their life ruined by this condition and are done with suffering, they just need a path out.
(828) 374-8922 View (828) 374-8922
Photo of Amanda Watkins, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Asheville, NC
Amanda Watkins
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28805
Not accepting new clients
Life is full of change and transition. Sometimes, we choose to change and we feel in control. Other times, change happens without our permission and it feels like someone else is making all the decisions for us. Whether you choose change or not, the process can take a toll on your emotional/physical/spiritual health, your relationships, and your sense of purpose in the world. It takes immense courage to create (or re-create) your life. It requires looking within to determine what’s truly important, rather than just accept what others tell you is right for you. I’m here to help you regain a sense of control, purpose, and peace.
Life is full of change and transition. Sometimes, we choose to change and we feel in control. Other times, change happens without our permission and it feels like someone else is making all the decisions for us. Whether you choose change or not, the process can take a toll on your emotional/physical/spiritual health, your relationships, and your sense of purpose in the world. It takes immense courage to create (or re-create) your life. It requires looking within to determine what’s truly important, rather than just accept what others tell you is right for you. I’m here to help you regain a sense of control, purpose, and peace.
(828) 202-3039 View (828) 202-3039
Photo of Keely Clark, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Keely Clark
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28806  (Online Only)
Now welcoming new clients! Are you feeling unhappy in your relationships? Do you hear a critical inner voice, blaming and shaming you for all your mistakes? Are life changes and transitions challenging you in some pretty uncomfortable ways? In my practice, I believe that your earliest and most formative experiences have all impacted the way you feel about yourself and your life at this moment. And when you heal the negative relationship you have with your self and the hurts you still carry from your past, it's then that you can finally move forward and start to feel truly content with who you are today.
Now welcoming new clients! Are you feeling unhappy in your relationships? Do you hear a critical inner voice, blaming and shaming you for all your mistakes? Are life changes and transitions challenging you in some pretty uncomfortable ways? In my practice, I believe that your earliest and most formative experiences have all impacted the way you feel about yourself and your life at this moment. And when you heal the negative relationship you have with your self and the hurts you still carry from your past, it's then that you can finally move forward and start to feel truly content with who you are today.
(828) 520-2110 View (828) 520-2110
Photo of Taylor Maxson, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Asheville, NC
Taylor Maxson
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28803
You are an adult who wants to better understand and manage your relationship to neurodevelopmental challenges like ADHD and ASD. You likely know that these come with immense strengths and often many burdens, seen and unseen. You need a collaborator in making sense of where to begin (if looking for a diagnosis or recently diagnosed), what to expect, and to help you persist toward your desired and valued life. You may be a parent/s who wants to better support a struggling child/teen. or you may be experiencing other developmental and/or executive function challenges.
You are an adult who wants to better understand and manage your relationship to neurodevelopmental challenges like ADHD and ASD. You likely know that these come with immense strengths and often many burdens, seen and unseen. You need a collaborator in making sense of where to begin (if looking for a diagnosis or recently diagnosed), what to expect, and to help you persist toward your desired and valued life. You may be a parent/s who wants to better support a struggling child/teen. or you may be experiencing other developmental and/or executive function challenges.
(828) 373-3768 View (828) 373-3768
Photo of Andrea Siegel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Andrea Siegel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWA
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
Are you wrestling with big questions? I will support you to cultivate hope and to act on what is in your power to change. If you have let yourself down, hurt others, or been hurt by others: I can help you to examine your wounded moral compass, to discern how it points you toward your true north. If you have cultural and spiritual traditions to include, we can lean into them –or not, according to your preference; I have trained in integrative health, chaplaincy, clinical social work, and the humanities. If you want a therapist who understands the stresses of university, healthcare, nonprofit, and religious institutions, I do!
Are you wrestling with big questions? I will support you to cultivate hope and to act on what is in your power to change. If you have let yourself down, hurt others, or been hurt by others: I can help you to examine your wounded moral compass, to discern how it points you toward your true north. If you have cultural and spiritual traditions to include, we can lean into them –or not, according to your preference; I have trained in integrative health, chaplaincy, clinical social work, and the humanities. If you want a therapist who understands the stresses of university, healthcare, nonprofit, and religious institutions, I do!
(828) 520-2957 View (828) 520-2957
Photo of Mary Lynn Barrett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Mary Lynn Barrett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28806  (Online Only)
I specialize in treatment of the long term effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences, excessive stress and other traumas in their emotional, behavioral and physical manifestations. These include anxiety, depression and PTSD, as well as an array of chronic diseases that are the outcome of long-term nervous system dysregulation. My approach is somatic and holistic with emphasis on resetting the nervous system and assisting clients in returning their brains and bodies to the place where we function at our best capacity for dealing with the challenges that life brings.
I specialize in treatment of the long term effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences, excessive stress and other traumas in their emotional, behavioral and physical manifestations. These include anxiety, depression and PTSD, as well as an array of chronic diseases that are the outcome of long-term nervous system dysregulation. My approach is somatic and holistic with emphasis on resetting the nervous system and assisting clients in returning their brains and bodies to the place where we function at our best capacity for dealing with the challenges that life brings.
(828) 373-8370 View (828) 373-8370
Photo of Ellet Durbin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Ellet Durbin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801  (Online Only)
I hold a core belief that no one wants to be "bad" or do "bad." Keeping this in mind, I prefer to highlight strengths and focus on how we grow and learn in those challenging moments. My clients are in the driver's seat and they determine who is in the car, where the destination is, and how we are going to get there. My role is to help navigate the road ahead, process through things that have steered you off course, and help you get to your therapeutic destination safely. I love to find moments of humor and connection, but I am also prepared to sit with my clients in their moments of pain, processing and healing.
I hold a core belief that no one wants to be "bad" or do "bad." Keeping this in mind, I prefer to highlight strengths and focus on how we grow and learn in those challenging moments. My clients are in the driver's seat and they determine who is in the car, where the destination is, and how we are going to get there. My role is to help navigate the road ahead, process through things that have steered you off course, and help you get to your therapeutic destination safely. I love to find moments of humor and connection, but I am also prepared to sit with my clients in their moments of pain, processing and healing.
(828) 382-8370 View (828) 382-8370
Photo of Your Next Chapter Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Asheville, NC
Your Next Chapter Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCMHCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28801
At Your Next Chapter Counseling, we believe that every person is deserving of love, acceptance, and authenticity. We believe that humans are hardwired for healing, and we strive to provide a therapeutic, supportive environment for all of our clients on their healing journey.
At Your Next Chapter Counseling, we believe that every person is deserving of love, acceptance, and authenticity. We believe that humans are hardwired for healing, and we strive to provide a therapeutic, supportive environment for all of our clients on their healing journey.
(828) 554-2752 View (828) 554-2752
Photo of Flowstate Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Flowstate Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWA, LCAS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28803
I know it is a challenge finding a therapist to fit your individual needs and the process can be exhausting. So I wanted to say thank you for putting in the effort for yourself and looking at my profile. I work with a variety of mental health disorders ranging from anxiety and depression, to substance use, to severe and persistent mental illness. I believe that each client deep down has their own answers and I work partner with and empower each client to find their true self. I incorporate a variety of modalities ranging from Internal Family Systems to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help clients explore and achieve their goals.
I know it is a challenge finding a therapist to fit your individual needs and the process can be exhausting. So I wanted to say thank you for putting in the effort for yourself and looking at my profile. I work with a variety of mental health disorders ranging from anxiety and depression, to substance use, to severe and persistent mental illness. I believe that each client deep down has their own answers and I work partner with and empower each client to find their true self. I incorporate a variety of modalities ranging from Internal Family Systems to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help clients explore and achieve their goals.
(828) 360-8251 View (828) 360-8251
Photo of Amanda Dawn Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Amanda Dawn Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801  (Online Only)
My clients are experiencing a range of concerns such as bipolar disorder, anxiety, depression, trauma, relational issues, sober curiosity and life transitions. I also work with couples struggling with communication, betrayals, disconnect, loneliness and conflict management. Whether you’re going through a break-up or stuck in relationship patterns that no longer serve you, I’m here to help you process and learn practical ways to thrive in relationships and better manage your mental health concerns.
My clients are experiencing a range of concerns such as bipolar disorder, anxiety, depression, trauma, relational issues, sober curiosity and life transitions. I also work with couples struggling with communication, betrayals, disconnect, loneliness and conflict management. Whether you’re going through a break-up or stuck in relationship patterns that no longer serve you, I’m here to help you process and learn practical ways to thrive in relationships and better manage your mental health concerns.
(828) 383-9508 View (828) 383-9508
Photo of Kristin M Keliher, Counselor in Asheville, NC
Kristin M Keliher
Counselor, MAEd, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28801
In today’s world self care can only take us so far in healing from all the chaos. Community care can begin together as we create a space where you can be truly seen and truly start to see yourself. A space where we can explore your strengths, challenges, ambitions, and fears without judgment and at your pace. If you are feeling lost, exhausted, frustrated, or not sure of your next steps we can sit together in the messy. Empowering you and helping you understand your humanness while being supported by the community you choose is my only goal.
In today’s world self care can only take us so far in healing from all the chaos. Community care can begin together as we create a space where you can be truly seen and truly start to see yourself. A space where we can explore your strengths, challenges, ambitions, and fears without judgment and at your pace. If you are feeling lost, exhausted, frustrated, or not sure of your next steps we can sit together in the messy. Empowering you and helping you understand your humanness while being supported by the community you choose is my only goal.
(828) 373-6115 View (828) 373-6115
Photo of Shannon Tabor in Asheville, NC
Shannon Tabor
LCMHC, SEP
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
It can be challenging to carry complicated feelings, thoughts and personal beliefs that come up for us throughout life without feeling weighed down or hindered. As a therapist, I work to meet you wherever you are in your journey, allowing those feelings and experiences to help shape your personal growth. Using individually tailored, person-centered therapy, I work to assist you in gaining insight, deepening your understanding of yourself, discovering and reviving your strengths and passions, and releasing beliefs and practices that no longer serve you.
It can be challenging to carry complicated feelings, thoughts and personal beliefs that come up for us throughout life without feeling weighed down or hindered. As a therapist, I work to meet you wherever you are in your journey, allowing those feelings and experiences to help shape your personal growth. Using individually tailored, person-centered therapy, I work to assist you in gaining insight, deepening your understanding of yourself, discovering and reviving your strengths and passions, and releasing beliefs and practices that no longer serve you.
(828) 623-3012 View (828) 623-3012
Photo of Laura Sullivan, Counselor in Asheville, NC
Laura Sullivan
Counselor, Laura Sullivan, MACP, LCMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28804  (Online Only)
People often find themselves living "outside" and disconnected from their own experience. Therapy is a place to be seen, known, and understood, so that you can relearn to come home to yourself. My hope is that through our work together you would come to have a living felt sense of your deep worth, as well as make meaning of your cohesive story, accepting all parts of who you have been, who you are, and who you want to be. My job as your therapist is to consistently offer non-judgmental kindness, insight and thoughtful interventions as we partner in moving you toward fuller and more satisfying participation in your own life.
People often find themselves living "outside" and disconnected from their own experience. Therapy is a place to be seen, known, and understood, so that you can relearn to come home to yourself. My hope is that through our work together you would come to have a living felt sense of your deep worth, as well as make meaning of your cohesive story, accepting all parts of who you have been, who you are, and who you want to be. My job as your therapist is to consistently offer non-judgmental kindness, insight and thoughtful interventions as we partner in moving you toward fuller and more satisfying participation in your own life.
(336) 933-6166 View (336) 933-6166
Photo of Michelle Stephan, Counselor in Asheville, NC
Michelle Stephan
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28804
Growth and healing begin with compassion and understanding, for ourselves and those around us. When we allow ourselves to speak our truths and breathe life into our experiences in a supportive environment, we may begin movement towards healing. Maybe we take one small step at a time. Maybe all we need to do is pause and breathe.
Growth and healing begin with compassion and understanding, for ourselves and those around us. When we allow ourselves to speak our truths and breathe life into our experiences in a supportive environment, we may begin movement towards healing. Maybe we take one small step at a time. Maybe all we need to do is pause and breathe.
(828) 457-8007 View (828) 457-8007
Photo of Victoria Hallenbeck, Counselor in Asheville, NC
Victoria Hallenbeck
Counselor, LCMHCA
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
In order for all of us to grow and heal, it is imperative to spend time investigating the deeper elements of our personalities. With that said, an ideal client would be someone interested in putting effort into exploring their innermost thoughts and feelings. I work to offer a multi-faceted approach to treatment that will help my clients work through issues related to the many aspects of self-identity, interpersonal relations, trauma, stress, anxiety, and depression. I consider it a sign of strength to begin searching for a therapist, and a sign of courage to take the leap into deep explorations of Self.
In order for all of us to grow and heal, it is imperative to spend time investigating the deeper elements of our personalities. With that said, an ideal client would be someone interested in putting effort into exploring their innermost thoughts and feelings. I work to offer a multi-faceted approach to treatment that will help my clients work through issues related to the many aspects of self-identity, interpersonal relations, trauma, stress, anxiety, and depression. I consider it a sign of strength to begin searching for a therapist, and a sign of courage to take the leap into deep explorations of Self.
(828) 520-0817 View (828) 520-0817
Photo of Christen Rinaldi, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Asheville, NC
Christen Rinaldi
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, RMT, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28801
You already know yourself very well. And because of this- You are looking for a different kind of therapy space. You are seeking a space in which you can find humor, grace, and wonder while navigating this human experience. One in which your intuition, spirituality, and inner knowing will be honored and used as a tool to transform your lived experience. A space where context matters and is used to create new perspectives and deeper understanding. A space to unpack your stories, unravel your deepest beliefs, and become friends (yes… I said friends) with your inner shadowy parts.
You already know yourself very well. And because of this- You are looking for a different kind of therapy space. You are seeking a space in which you can find humor, grace, and wonder while navigating this human experience. One in which your intuition, spirituality, and inner knowing will be honored and used as a tool to transform your lived experience. A space where context matters and is used to create new perspectives and deeper understanding. A space to unpack your stories, unravel your deepest beliefs, and become friends (yes… I said friends) with your inner shadowy parts.
(828) 383-9640 View (828) 383-9640
Photo of Amy R Dix, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Amy R Dix
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
Maybe you are dealing with the effects of painful or traumatic experiences in the past, or a loss, or have anxiety you can't shake off. You might feel out-of-place and lonely. You want to feel accepted and understood, to find relief from what feels overwhelming, to trust yourself more. Reaching out to a therapist can feel scary, or pointless – it can’t "fix" whatever already happened – but it can help you to have a future where you feel connected and confident.
Maybe you are dealing with the effects of painful or traumatic experiences in the past, or a loss, or have anxiety you can't shake off. You might feel out-of-place and lonely. You want to feel accepted and understood, to find relief from what feels overwhelming, to trust yourself more. Reaching out to a therapist can feel scary, or pointless – it can’t "fix" whatever already happened – but it can help you to have a future where you feel connected and confident.
(828) 761-6415 View (828) 761-6415

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Asheville, NC

1,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Asheville, NC who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
85% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
75% Trauma and PTSD
68% Coping Skills
68% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% BlueCross and BlueShield
71% Aetna
50% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Asheville, NC see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
22% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Asheville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.